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Andrew K. Littlefield

Texas Tech University

3 papers in the library · 3 citations · publishing 2025

Papers

Commentary on Methods for Addressing Functional Unblinding and Mechanistic Uncertainty in Clinical Trials of Psychedelic-Assisted Treatments

Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry November 11, 2025 Dan Petrovitch, Sarah E. Victor, A. Schmidt et al. 2 citations

The intense and distinctive subjective effects of psychedelics complicate tests of the efficacy and mechanisms of action of psychedelic-assisted treatments for mental-health conditions. Estimates of treatment efficacy are confounded under functional unblinding, and uncertainty surrounds whether subjective or neurobiological effects are causal mechanisms. Methodological solutions include improved active placebo conditions, expectancy-focused recruitment and consent procedures, better measurement of expectancies and blinding, and rigorous statistical modeling. Strategies to disentangle subjective and neurobiological effects include administering psychedelics under general anesthesia, developing non-psychoactive analogues, leveraging Mendelian randomization, and studying microdosing. Combining multiple innovative methods may offer the most robust insights.

Do undergraduates’ views of psychedelics relate to the context for psychedelic use?

Drug Science Policy and Law March 1, 2025 Dan Petrovitch, Jason van Allen, Sean M. Mitchell et al. 1 citation

Psychedelic-naïve undergraduates generally hold similar views of psilocybin and LSD across clinical therapy, microdosing, and naturalistic contexts, making only limited distinctions. When differences did appear, participants viewed clinical use most positively, followed by microdosing, then naturalistic use. The findings suggest that young adults may benefit from education about the varying safety, efficacy, and legality of psychedelics across contexts, especially given their potential influence on drug policy.

Sociodemographic and mental-health characteristics of psychedelic-assisted therapy participants: Latent class analysis of a cross-sectional, purposive online sample

February 28, 2025 Dan Petrovitch, Samuel Hosford, Andrew K. Littlefield et al. preprint

People seeking psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) currently access it through diverse and unregulated avenues, including ketamine clinics, psilocybin centers, clinical trials, and underground therapy. A survey of 244 self-identified PAT patients identified three distinct patterns of lifetime drug use: a High-PAT class (55.7% of the sample) who used many psychedelics, a Medium-PAT class (29.1%), and a Psilocybin-Ketamine class (15.2%) whose members universally used psilocybin and often ketamine. The High-PAT class reported higher levels of depression and anxiety, suggesting that extensive PAT involvement may be linked to more severe psychiatric symptoms, though whether this reflects selection or iatrogenic effects remains unclear. Psilocybin and ketamine may serve as common entry points into PAT.