Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
September 1, 2016
Sisira Padavala, Devaraj Ezhilarasan
10 citations
Certain plants contain compounds that affect the central nervous system, producing psychoactive effects such as sedation, stimulation, euphoria, delirium, or hallucination. These plants, including Datura, Salvia, and Cannabis, are consumed in various preparations to alter consciousness. They have been used ritually, medicinally, and recreationally for thousands of years, giving them enormous sociocultural and economic significance.
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
January 7, 2026
Ruchika Srivastava, Prabhat Singh, Ajeet
A phosphodiesterase-10 inhibitor, papaverine, protected mice from schizophrenia-like behavioral and brain changes caused by ketamine. Mice given ketamine for 10 days showed increased immobility, altered movement and anxiety-like behavior, reduced social interaction, cognitive impairment, and catalepsy, along with higher oxidative stress and altered acetylcholinesterase activity and brain histology. Both papaverine and the standard antipsychotic clozapine significantly reversed these behavioral, biochemical, and histological abnormalities. The findings suggest papaverine may have neuroprotective potential against schizophrenia-related deficits.
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
August 7, 2024
Yuvraj Kaushal, Pranav Goyal, Arshiya Sehgal
Ketamine therapy rapidly reduces depression symptoms, with effects appearing within 40 minutes of infusion and lasting up to a week, according to a systematic review of 14 clinical studies. The treatment also helps anxiety and self-assessed depression, with some studies showing long-lasting benefits. Ketamine is generally safe, with most side effects occurring on the day of administration. The review highlights ketamine as a fast and effective biological treatment, particularly for treatment-resistant depression, potentially complementing or replacing existing options. Further research is needed to determine optimal dosing intervals, long-term side effects including cognitive impairment, and relapse rates.