This narrative review examines the potential of short-acting pharmacotherapies—d-cycloserine, propranolol, and psychedelics—delivered alongside psychotherapy for anxiety, mood, and substance-dependence disorders. It outlines the basic science supporting their use, particularly neurobiological learning and memory theories. Although efficacy remains under investigation, the authors suggest these medically-assisted psychotherapies may offer advantages over traditional treatments, including fewer chronic side effects, lower toxicity and abuse potential. Some clinical research indicates that adjunctive pharmacotherapies may strengthen the psychotherapeutic alliance and yield better long-term outcomes. If proven clinically efficacious and safe, these approaches could expand treatment options for mental health patients.
The rising popularity of red fly agaric over the past decade has brought both benefits and harms. While these mushrooms offer therapeutic potential for somatic and mental illnesses, independent macrodosing and combining them with other entheogens, particularly with Panther fly agaric, significantly increases the risk of hospitalization and death. A graph of hospitalization frequency from 2023-2025 is presented, along with tables of dangerous combinations and a list of side effects from microdosing. The authors conclude that uncontrolled macrodose use, especially in combination with other entheogens, can lead to dangerous outcomes.