1349 results for "Set and Setting"
Palliative care provider attitudes toward existential distress and treatment with psychedelic-assisted therapies
BMC Palliative Care – December 26, 2021
Summary
Palliative care providers admit patients' existential distress often goes undertreated. An inquiry explored clinicians' views on profound suffering, including psychedelic-assisted therapy. Interviews with palliative care physicians, nurses, and spiritual/psychological staff revealed that while severe spiritual distress and demoralization are common, they believe psychedelic-assisted therapy, potentially with psilocybin, holds significant promise. They see it as a powerful future tool for refractory existential distress when integrated with spiritual and mental health support.
Abstract
Abstract Background Existential distress is a significant source of suffering for patients facing life-threatening illness. Psychedelic-Assisted Th...
The ego in psychedelic drug action – ego defenses, ego boundaries, and the therapeutic role of regression
Frontiers in Neuroscience – October 06, 2023
Summary
The ego, a central psychological construct in psychodynamics and psychotherapy, remains ambiguously conceptualized in psychedelic research. Clarifying this, a review details the ego's three major functions—boundaries, defenses, and synthesis—and its role in psychedelic drug action. Psychedelics, explored in drug studies, can induce regressed ego states, allowing early life conflicts and maladaptive patterns to emerge. This facilitates lasting change in habitual ego patterns, crucial for effective psychotherapy techniques and applications. The psycholytic approach aims to integrate these foundational experiences, compatible with cognitive psychology's behavioral therapies, fostering greater ego flexibility.
Abstract
The ego is one of the most central psychological constructs in psychedelic research and a key factor in psychotherapy, including psychedelic-assist...
‘Mind-Revealing’ Psychedelic States: Psychological Processes in Subjective Experiences That Drive Positive Change
Psychoactives – September 27, 2024
Summary
Beyond chemical effects, it's the *experience* during altered states of consciousness that truly drives healing. A review explored how subjective phenomena, including those from psychedelic substances or breathwork, foster therapeutic change. Findings highlight that mystical experiences, alongside insight and emotional breakthroughs, are crucial for positive mental health outcomes. This suggests psychology must embrace personal subjective realities for effective psychedelic-assisted therapy, enhancing mental health.
Abstract
This narrative review explores the utilization of psychedelic states in therapeutic contexts, deliberately shifting the focus from psychedelic subs...
Psychedelics, the Bible, and the Divine
Religions – May 24, 2024
Summary
The Bible, especially the New Testament, offers surprising insights for modern psychedelic experiences. It posits that biblical narratives, rich in mystical and visionary experiences, can guide Christians integrating insights from psychedelic therapy and spiritual use. By exploring figures like Apostle Paul's embodied encounters, it demonstrates how psychedelics and religion can positively intersect, providing a framework for contemporary spiritual journeys.
Abstract
The current psychedelic renaissance intersects with Christian practices in two key ways. First, as psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) becomes more ...
The Psychedelic Debriefing in Alcohol Dependence Treatment: Illustrating Key Change Phenomena through Qualitative Content Analysis of Clinical Sessions
Frontiers in Pharmacology – February 21, 2018
Summary
Patients receiving the hallucinogen psilocybin for alcohol dependence offer insights into its therapeutic potential. Qualitative research analyzed 17 debriefing sessions, where individuals described how this alkaloid's acute effects contributed to reduced drinking. This work in clinical psychology and psychiatry, part of broader psychedelics and drug studies, illuminates change processes. A psychotherapist guides these sessions, informing medicine for a wider population. Understanding psilocybin's biochemistry, informed by chemical synthesis and biochemical analysis, is key.
Abstract
Research on the clinical applications of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy has demonstrated promising early results for treatment of alcohol depen...
Are first responders interested in psychedelics? Assessing previous use, interest, and willingness to participate in psychedelic-assisted therapy
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – April 02, 2024
Summary
Many first responders face significant mental health challenges, with traditional treatments often falling short. Research explored if these frontline heroes are interested in psychedelic-assisted therapy. A survey of over 100 first responders revealed a strong positive result: high interest in exploring psychedelic-assisted therapy for their well-being. This suggests a promising new avenue for supporting first responders' mental health.
Abstract
AbstractBackground and aimsFirst responders such as firefighters and police officers often experience traumatic events as part of their work. As a ...
Underground small-group therapy of treatment-resistant depression and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) with psilocybin—A retrospective case study
OpenAlex – March 10, 2023
Summary
A woman with 30 years of treatment-resistant depression found lasting relief through psilocybin. After prior medications caused adverse effects and discontinuation, she engaged in six psilocybin sessions over 1.5 years. This approach in clinical psychology helped interrupt dissociative trauma responses. A 2.5-year follow-up confirmed remission, suggesting a multi-dose strategy with psychedelics can offer profound psychological healing. This case highlights how psilocybin, an alkaloid influencing neurotransmitter receptors, may resolve severe depression where traditional psychiatry failed, particularly for those experiencing early life trauma and feelings of abandonment.
Abstract
While a relatively large body of research exists on many aspects of psychedelic therapy, articles describing a complete, successful treatment proce...
Virtual Reality as a Moderator of Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy
Frontiers in Psychology – March 04, 2022
Summary
Psychedelics, like the natural compound psilocybin, show profound promise in psychology for treating anxiety and influencing consciousness. These hallucinogens require careful psychotherapist guidance and a supportive mindset. Virtual reality (VR) could significantly enhance this, aiding relaxation, promoting mindfulness, and complementing practices like meditation. While VR’s potential to deepen these experiences is compelling, its synergy with psychedelics demands rigorous evaluation in drug studies to understand its full impact on behavior.
Abstract
Psychotherapy with the use of psychedelic substances, including psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), ketamine, and 3,4-methylenedioxymetha...
Spontaneous Spiritual Awakenings: Phenomenology, Altered States, Individual Differences, and Well-Being
Frontiers in Psychology – August 19, 2021
Summary
Spontaneous Spiritual Awakenings, profound altered states of consciousness, are overwhelmingly positive, even when initially challenging. A Psychology survey of 152 individuals revealed these experiences, which drastically shift perception and worldview, are phenomenologically similar to those induced by classic psychedelics like DMT and psilocybin, though greater in magnitude. Personality traits, such as absorption, predict these events. This work, relevant to Phenomenology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, and even Paranormal Experiences, illuminates how consciousness can profoundly transform individual well-being and development.
Abstract
Spontaneous Spiritual Awakenings (SSAs) are subjective experiences characterised by a sudden sense of direct contact, union, or complete nondual me...
Biochemical Insights into Diverse Psilocybe Mushrooms and Their Metabolites as Sources of Neuroactive Agents: A Review.
Current microbiology – July 15, 2025
Summary
Beyond traditional use, certain mushrooms contain compounds showing remarkable promise for mental health. A review of scientific literature explores the chemical makeup and genetic diversity of Psilocybe species. It reveals significant therapeutic potential for treating conditions like depression, anxiety, and addiction, suggesting a promising future for these natural agents.
Abstract
Psilocybe species, commonly known as "magic mushrooms", are a group of hallucinogenic fungi known for their psychoactive compounds such as psilocyb...
Acute and long-term effects of repeated ketamine infusions in treatment-resistant depression and associated metabolite changes.
Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences – July 15, 2025
Summary
Predicting how well someone with severe depression will respond to treatment might be possible early on. Researchers explored if repeated ketamine infusions could help those with treatment-resistant depression. They found these infusions rapidly improved symptoms, with some patients achieving sustained relief. Crucially, changes in a specific metabolite, 3-hydroxybutyrate, measured via metabolomics after the first ketamine dose, predicted long-term improvements in depression. This suggests a powerful way to personalize future depression care.
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the acute and sustained antidepressant effects of repeated ketamine infusions in patients with treatment-resistant d...
Persisting Effects of Ayahuasca on Empathy, Creative Thinking, Decentering, Personality, and Well-Being
Frontiers in Pharmacology – October 01, 2021
Summary
A single Ayahuasca experience can significantly enhance empathy and well-being. Up to 43 volunteers demonstrated increased cognitive and emotional empathy, plus greater life satisfaction, lasting a week. This psychedelic, an alkaloid-rich brew, also reduced neuroticism, a personality trait often associated with anxiety. Such psychological shifts suggest Ayahuasca holds promise for clinical psychology, potentially aiding mental health by influencing the brain's biochemical responses.
Abstract
Background: Naturalistic and placebo-controlled studies have suggested that ayahuasca, a traditional Amazonian beverage, could be helpful in the tr...
LSD Restores Synaptic Plasticity in VTA of Morphine-Treated Mice and Disrupts Morphine-Conditioned Place Preference.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology – June 15, 2025
Summary
Could psychedelics unlock new addiction treatments? One study shows LSD can reverse brain changes caused by opioids. In mice, a single dose or microdoses of LSD quickly reduced morphine preference. It also restored vital brain cell connections, previously damaged by morphine, and induced beneficial epigenetic shifts. These findings suggest LSD can positively reshape reward circuits, attenuating drug-seeking behaviors.
Abstract
Psychedelics are emerging as a promising treatment option for a range of neuropsychiatric disorders, including substance use disorders. One potenti...
Peculiar plants and fantastic fungi: An ethnobotanical study of the use of hallucinogenic plants and mushrooms in Slovenia
PLoS ONE – January 07, 2021
Summary
Most individuals using hallucinogens seek personal growth, not problematic drug use. A study of 68 users revealed 91% consumed Psilocybin-containing mushrooms, with 50% using no other natural psychedelics. Initial use, often in their 20s and driven by curiosity, involved 26 different plants. This pattern, observed in Slovenia, highlights the complex psychology behind ethnobotany and these substances. It shifts drug studies' focus, suggesting motivations beyond recreation, relevant to traditional medicine and the inherent biochemical makeup of these alkaloids.
Abstract
The present study examined the patterns of use among a sample of 68 users of hallucinogenic plants and mushrooms in Slovenia. In compiling the list...
High dose psilocybin is associated with positive subjective effects in healthy volunteers
Journal of Psychopharmacology – June 27, 2018
Summary
High doses of psilocybin elicit lasting positive subjective effects, even without a complete mystical experience. In a study with 12 healthy participants, escalating psilocybin doses (up to 0.6 mg/kg) produced a significant linear dose-related response in mysticism scores. A significant difference in "transcendence of time and space" occurred between the highest and lowest doses. Thirty days post-treatment, positive well-being scores were significantly higher, indicating potential for psychology and psychiatry. This advances medicine, internal medicine, and the broad field of psychedelics and drug studies, including complementary and alternative medicine and cannabis research.
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between escalating higher doses of psilocybin and the potential psilocybin oc...
Effects of psilocybin therapy on personality structure
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica – June 19, 2018
Summary
Psilocybin therapy significantly alters personality traits in patients with treatment-resistant depression. In a study of 20 participants, neuroticism scores dropped while extraversion increased, aligning with normative data. Openness also rose notably, while conscientiousness showed slight improvement and agreeableness remained unchanged. These effects were linked to the level of insight gained during the psilocybin experience. The findings suggest that psychedelics may induce unique personality changes compared to traditional antidepressants, warranting further investigation into the underlying brain mechanisms.
Abstract
Objective To explore whether psilocybin with psychological support modulates personality parameters in patients suffering from treatment‐resistant ...
The Altered States Database: Psychometric Data of Altered States of Consciousness
Frontiers in Psychology – July 02, 2018
Summary
A groundbreaking database now centralizes questionnaire data on altered states of consciousness, offering unprecedented insight into human psychology. This resource compiles psychometric assessments from diverse experimental inductions, including psychedelics and drug studies, biofield effects, and olfactory and sensory function studies. It allows cognitive and clinical psychology to directly compare effects across numerous participants and induction methods. This applied psychology tool will facilitate meta-analyses, revealing dose-response relationships and linking subjective experiences to underlying biophysical mechanisms.
Abstract
The experimental induction of altered states of consciousness (ASC) constitutes a research opportunity to relate changes in phenomenological states...
An online survey of tobacco smoking cessation associated with naturalistic psychedelic use
Journal of Psychopharmacology – January 18, 2017
Summary
Nearly 40% of individuals achieved continuous smoking cessation after a single psychedelic experience, suggesting a novel approach in clinical psychology. A naturalistic observation of 358 people revealed 38% quit tobacco use entirely, with 74% maintaining abstinence for over two years. Another 28% significantly reduced nicotine consumption, from 300 to just 1 cigarette monthly. These findings indicate psychedelics may aid smoking cessation by altering life priorities and improving emotional regulation, representing a promising avenue in medicine and psychiatry for addiction treatment.
Abstract
Data suggest psychedelics such as psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) may hold therapeutic potential in the treatment of addictions, in...
The parable of the TGA approval of esketamine (Spravato) in Australia: Part 2 - Submission for listing on the PBS.
Australasian psychiatry : bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists – July 08, 2025
Summary
Australia's Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC) conditionally recommended esketamine (Spravato) for listing on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS), despite limited long-term efficacy data and safety concerns. This decision, following the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) review, highlights how new treatments navigate approval. While evidence for esketamine's effectiveness beyond weeks is scarce and potential harms exist, the PBAC's conditional approval paves the way for broader access.
Abstract
ObjectivesTo review the available evidence, key deliberations, and potential influences behind the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee's (PB...
Treatment approaches and efficacy in psychedelic-induced psychosis: A systematic review.
Asian journal of psychiatry – June 26, 2025
Summary
When hallucinogens like LSD or psilocybin induce psychosis, prompt treatment is crucial. A review of cases found second-generation antipsychotics, such as Risperidone, highly effective in resolving psychosis. These performed significantly better than first-generation antipsychotics like Haloperidol, offering positive outcomes for patients experiencing this challenging condition.
Abstract
Psychedelics are increasingly used in the general population, yet they are associated with increased risk of psychosis in a minority of users that ...
A rationale and framework for sharing mindfulness in trauma-dense communities in South Africa.
South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care – June 09, 2025
Summary
Mindfulness, an innate human capacity, can be adapted to address severe community trauma. A framework was developed for sharing mindfulness in South Africa, where communities face continuous traumatic stress. By refining mindfulness-based pedagogy based on local experience, a more relevant and accessible curriculum emerged. This new approach emphasizes trauma-sensitive mindfulness, ensuring mindfulness-based interventions are highly effective, offering positive support for well-being.
Abstract
Mindfulness has its historical roots in the teachings of the Buddha. The core of these teachings addresses the causes and relief of human suffering...
Examining mystical experiences as a predictor of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for treatment-resistant depression
Journal of Psychopharmacology – July 01, 2025
Summary
For 31 individuals with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder, a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin, administered in a therapeutic context with a psychotherapist, yielded a greater antidepressant effect when accompanied by profound mystical experiences. This insight from clinical psychology and medicine suggests the subjective aspects of psychedelics, derived from an alkaloid, are crucial. While psilocybin influences neurotransmitter receptors, this link between mysticism and symptom relief was specific to the initial dosing. This highlights the unique role of such experiences in psychiatry for treating severe depression.
Abstract
Background: Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) is a promising treatment for various psychiatric disorders. However, the exact biological and p...
Hepatobiliary Complications Associated With Ketamine Use: Clinical Insights and Future Directions.
Cureus – May 01, 2025
Summary
Ketamine, effective for mood, surprisingly impacts liver health. A review found *side effects of ketamine* include *biliary duct abnormalities* and *drug-induced hepatotoxicity*, potentially causing *liver fibrosis* or *drug-induced liver failure* in *chronic ketamine users*. Positively, stopping ketamine often improves these conditions, and treatments exist. This knowledge is crucial for safe application.
Abstract
Ketamine has been utilized in various medical contexts, particularly for its effects on the nervous system. Over time, its applications have expand...
Stability-Guided Formulation of a Light-Sensitive D-LSD Capsule for Clinical Investigation.
Pharmaceutics – June 11, 2025
Summary
A key challenge for D-LSD's therapeutic potential is its extreme light sensitivity. Researchers successfully developed a protective capsule, using advanced DFT and LC-IM-MS for orthogonal analysis of D-LSD degradation products. This robust formulation development significantly boosted the compound's photostability, preventing rapid degradation seen in solutions. This offers a stable platform for D-LSD's clinical investigation for alcohol use disorder.
Abstract
Background/Objectives: D-lysergic acid diethylamide (D-LSD) is under investigation as a potential therapeutic strategy for alcohol use disorder (AU...
Mycelium Growth and Development of Psilocybe spp. Mother Cultures on Agar-Based Media.
Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) – June 13, 2025
Summary
Did you know optimizing mushroom production for therapeutic psilocybin starts with understanding tiny fungal threads? Mycology research explored how different nutrient-rich agars affect Psilocybe mycelium growth. By observing four Psilocybe types, clear insights emerged, providing a vital foundation. This work enables tailored approaches, significantly advancing consistent mycelium development for future applications.
Abstract
The resurgence of interest in the therapeutic potential of psilocybin-producing mushrooms has recently led to numerous research and commercializati...
Efficacy of a single low dose of esketamine for patients with irritable bowel syndrome: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.
BMJ open – June 23, 2025
Summary
Conventional treatments for Irritable Bowel Syndrome often fall short, yet a promising avenue lies in therapies with rapid effects on mood. A rigorous Randomized Controlled Trial is underway, guided by strict Clinical Protocols, to investigate if a single low dose of esketamine can effectively alleviate IBS symptoms. This double-blind, placebo-controlled study aims to measure improvements in symptom severity and quality of life, seeking to establish a new, effective treatment for this challenging condition.
Abstract
As a disorder of gut-brain interaction, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common reason for patient visits in primary and specialist care setting...
Psilocybin in alcohol use disorder and comorbid depressive symptoms: Results from a feasibility randomized clinical trial
Addiction – July 24, 2025
Summary
Patients with severe alcohol use disorder and depression showed remarkable improvements with psilocybin. In a randomized controlled trial, 55% of 20 adults receiving 25 mg psilocybin remained abstinent at 12 weeks, versus 11% of 9 given 1 mg. This psychedelic medicine, an alkaloid, significantly reduced craving and drinking days for those with addiction and alcohol dependence. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, rooted in psychology, offers promising relapse prevention, addressing depression (Beck Depression Inventory scores) within psychiatry's drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract Background and Aims Psilocybin has emerged as a potential treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), but early efficacy data are inconsiste...
Complex slow waves in the human brain under 5-MeO-DMT.
Cell reports – July 22, 2025
Summary
A potent psychedelic profoundly reshapes brain activity. Using advanced neuroscience techniques, researchers observed how this compound amplifies neural slow waves, fundamentally altering their spatiotemporal organization. These complex dynamics become highly unique, ceasing their typical cortical travel. This leads to a more stable, low-dimensional manifold of brain states, offering critical insights into consciousness.
Abstract
5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a psychedelic drug known for its uniquely profound effects on consciousness; however, it remains un...
Safety pharmacology of acute psilocybin administration in healthy participants
Neuroscience Applied – January 01, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen and chemical synthesis alkaloid, shows promise as medicine. A pooled analysis of three randomized crossover studies, involving 85 healthy participants and 113 drug administrations, examined its safety pharmacology. While some experienced increased heart rate (7%) or elevated body temperature (up to 32% at 30mg), and 6% reported transient flashbacks, no serious adverse effect occurred. Only higher doses (25-30mg) increased anxiety. This psychology and psychiatry research suggests psilocybin is safe under medical supervision akin to anesthesia, influencing behavior via neurotransmitter receptors.
Abstract
Psilocybin is being studied for its therapeutic potential in various mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and addiction. Initial s...
Ketamine-Induced Uropathy in a High-Prevalence Region: Knowledge, Diagnostic Practices, and Treatment Patterns Among Primary and Secondary Care Providers.
Cureus – June 01, 2025
Summary
Even as ketamine misuse contributes to unique health challenges like ketamine-induced uropathy, healthcare professionals' understanding varies significantly. In regions experiencing geographic variations in drug misuse, a survey of primary care and secondary care practices revealed primary care awareness is often lower. However, a strong interest in targeted education exists among GPs to improve multidisciplinary management. This offers a positive path toward standardizing care and enhancing patient outcomes.
Abstract
Ketamine-induced uropathy (KIU) is an emerging consequence of recreational ketamine misuse, often leading to progressive urinary tract dysfunction....
Emerging Use of Low-Dose Ketamine for Pain Management Beyond the ICU.
Journal of pain & palliative care pharmacotherapy – July 20, 2025
Summary
Ketamine, traditionally for critical care, is now a powerful opioid alternative for pain management. A community hospital successfully implemented a low-dose ketamine infusion protocol on inpatient floors. This offers effective relief, especially for post operative pain, demonstrating a safe, valuable new model for broader adoption of ketamine in pain management.
Abstract
Pain management is a critical challenge in healthcare as acute and chronic pain affect millions of individuals globally. Opioid-based therapies tha...
Effect of Mouse (Mus musculus) Sex and C57BL/6 Substrain on Sensitivity to Isoflurane and Ketamine-Xylazine-Acepromazine Anesthesia.
Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS – June 01, 2025
Summary
Did you know male mice stay under anesthesia longer than females? Research explored how sex and C57BL/6 substrain affect anesthetic response. Using isoflurane to determine MAC and KXA (ketamine/xylazine/acepromazine) for injectable anesthesia, scientists monitored HR, RR, and SpO2. They found male mice showed a significantly longer loss of righting reflex (LORR) and surgical plane duration with KXA. While isoflurane MAC was consistent, heart rate differences emerged between substrains, with some showing lower HR. These findings highlight crucial sex-specific anesthetic responses and physiological variations.
Abstract
Anesthesia is commonly performed with mice in the research setting. Standard doses of anesthetic drugs are typically recommended, without customiza...
Development of an Australian Clinical Practice Guideline on methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted Psychotherapy for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder.
Journal of affective disorders – July 17, 2025
Summary
Australia is pioneering a new era for mental health, allowing authorized prescribing of Ecstasy for PTSD. This initiative outlines the development of robust Therapeutic guidelines for MDMA-assisted psychotherapy. Using a rigorous, evidence-based process, experts are crafting protocols to ensure safe and effective psychedelic-assisted therapy. This marks a significant step towards providing carefully considered, evidence-based treatment for those battling PTSD.
Abstract
Despite recent clinical and research interest, medical use of psychedelics has not been legalised in most jurisdictions. The Australian Therapeutic...
Post-traumatic stress disorder: evolving conceptualization and evidence, and future research directions.
World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) – February 01, 2025
Summary
Our understanding of how trauma impacts individuals has profoundly evolved. Not all responses to trauma are the same; new insights reveal distinct forms of Post-traumatic stress disorder, including complex PTSD. Research into memory, identity, genetics, and neuroimaging illuminates its foundations. While prevention is challenging, psychological interventions, including trauma-focused therapies and novel identity-based approaches, show strong efficacy. Promising pharmacotherapy and successful community-based interventions are enhancing mental health support.
Abstract
The understanding of responses to traumatic events has been greatly influenced by the introduction of the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disord...
Effects of Nebulization With Ketamine and Budesonide on Postoperative Sore Throat in Patients Undergoing Elective Surgeries Under General Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Comparative Clinical Study.
Cureus – October 01, 2024
Summary
A common post-surgery issue is a sore throat. Could a simple nebulization help? Researchers investigated if inhaled ketamine or budesonide could prevent postoperative sore throat after general anesthesia. Patients undergoing elective surgeries received one treatment. Both methods effectively reduced discomfort, with symptoms decreasing significantly over time. While ketamine offered slightly quicker relief, budesonide was associated with fewer side effects like hallucinations, proving a safer choice for patient comfort.
Abstract
Background Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a frequent issue after endotracheal intubation, caused by irritation and minor trauma to the throat....
Ibogaine administration following repeated morphine administration upregulates myelination markers 2', 3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP) and myelin basic protein (MBP) mRNA and protein expression in the internal capsule of Sprague Dawley rats.
Frontiers in neuroscience – January 01, 2024
Summary
A surprising finding reveals that a psychedelic medicine could help repair brain damage from addiction. Researchers explored how ibogaine might address white matter issues often seen in opioid use disorder. Using rats, they found that after opioid exposure, ibogaine significantly boosted markers for myelin, the protective sheath around nerve fibers. This suggests ibogaine helps oligodendrocytes repair white matter, offering a new mechanism for treating opioid use disorder and highlighting its potential as a psychedelic medicine.
Abstract
Ibogaine is a psychedelic alkaloid being investigated as a possible treatment for opioid use disorder. Ibogaine has a multi-receptor profile with a...
[Case report: the psychotic-mystical effects related to an unaware use of Salvia divinorum.].
Recenti progressi in medicina – October 01, 2022
Summary
New psychoactive substances can trigger unexpected psychiatric conditions. One individual developed psychosis after unknowingly using *Salvia divinorum*. After initial treatments failed, brexiprazole successfully resolved the symptoms, leading to a full recovery without adverse effects, demonstrating a positive outcome for complex substance-related presentations.
Abstract
It's well known that exotoxicosis can originate various psychiatric clinical pictures. The psychic impact of "classic" substances of abuse is well ...
The potential of psychedelic medicine - A personal account.
Journal of the neurological sciences – March 15, 2022
Summary
Psychedelics were once explored as therapeutic drugs before criminalization halted research. A toxicologist, living in Haight Ashbury in 1965, studied compounds like LSD, observing their early use for conditions such as addiction. Despite initial promise, negative publicity led to Schedule 1 classification, suppressing exploration of these entheogens and entactogens. This historical account suggests a significant, untapped potential for recovery, highlighting how early therapeutic applications were sidelined.
Abstract
In 1965, I was training in clinical toxicology in the pharmacology department of the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) and living in th...
The adverse events of ibogaine in humans: an updated systematic review of the literature (2015-2020).
Psychopharmacology – June 01, 2022
Summary
Despite ibogaine's anti-addictive potential, serious adverse events underscore the need for careful use. A systematic review updated understanding of risks linked to ibogaine and its metabolite, noribogaine. Examining 18 studies, it identified acute and lasting adverse events, predominantly cardiac (like QTc prolongation), gastrointestinal, and neurological. These findings are crucial for developing robust safety protocols and understanding potential drug interactions, paving the way for safer therapeutic applications.
Abstract
Ibogaine is the main alkaloid of the African shrub Tabernanthe iboga. It produces hallucinogenic and psychostimulant effects, but it is currently k...
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Tryptamines in the Poison of Incilius alvarius (Amphibia: Bufonidae).
Journal of analytical toxicology – May 20, 2022
Summary
The Colorado River toad's venom holds a potent psychoactive, 5-MeO-DMT. Researchers sought to precisely identify and measure all tryptamine compounds in this poison. Utilizing advanced lab techniques on samples from live Arizona toads, they carefully extracted and analyzed components. 5-MeO-DMT was confirmed as the main compound, present in very high concentrations. Crucially, 5-MeO-tryptamine and two new hydroxylated MeO-DMT forms were successfully identified and quantified for the first time, alongside other tryptamines. This detailed chemical profile offers essential data for forensic applications.
Abstract
Rising numbers of psychoactive tryptamine derivatives have become available on the drug market over the last decade, making these naturally occurri...
Safety of ibogaine administration in detoxification of opioid-dependent individuals: a descriptive open-label observational study.
Addiction (Abingdon, England) – January 01, 2022
Summary
A single dose of ibogaine helped most individuals with opioid use disorder avoid immediate return to opioids, showing promise for detoxification. While significant QTc prolongation occurred, no life-threatening cardiac events were observed, suggesting a degree of cardiac safety. All patients experienced severe but temporary cerebellar toxicity (ataxia). Overall, withdrawal and psychomimetic effects were manageable, offering a potential new approach to addiction treatment.
Abstract
Ibogaine is an indole alkaloid used in rituals of the African Bwiti tribe. It is also used in non-medical settings to treat addiction. However, ibo...
DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Salvinorin A.
ACS chemical neuroscience – December 02, 2020
Summary
The unique `natural product` `salvinorin A`, derived from `Salvia divinorum`, stands out as the first non-alkaloidal `opioid` `hallucinogen`. Its distinct chemistry, interacting with the `kappa-opioid receptor`, leads to rapid, yet transient, effects. This discovery has profoundly influenced neuroscience, driving extensive research into novel synthetic compounds and showcasing its significant potential in drug development.
Abstract
Salvinorin A is the main bioactive compound in Salvia divinorum, an endemic plant with ancestral use by the inhabitants of the Mazateca mountain ra...
Acute Effects of 2C-E in Humans: An Observational Study
Frontiers in Pharmacology – March 18, 2020
Summary
The novel hallucinogen 2C-E, structurally akin to mescaline, profoundly alters perception and elevates euphoric mood. An observational study with ten psychedelic users demonstrated that oral administration of 2C-E, acting as a serotonin receptor agonist, reached peak saliva concentrations within two hours. This pharmacology, critical for Psychedelics and Drug Studies, highlights its influence on mood and behavior. Understanding its pharmacokinetics is vital for Medicine and Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, especially concerning addiction and neurotransmitter receptor influence.
Abstract
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylphenethylamine (2C-E) is psychedelic phenylethylamine, with a chemical structure similar to mescaline, used as new psychoactiv...
Ibogaine and Subjective Experience: Transformative States and Psychopharmacotherapy in the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – January 01, 2019
Summary
Many people seeking help for opioid use disorder experience profound spiritual transformation during a unique oneiric psychedelic drug treatment. This approach explores how the powerful hallucinogen, ibogaine, impacts subjective experience. Researchers observed 44 participants, finding ibogaine often induced "complete mystical experiences" with vivid visions. These led to confronting past actions but also offered release from guilt and worthlessness, highlighting ibogaine's distinct healing capacity beyond mere withdrawal reduction from opioids.
Abstract
This article examines the therapeutic potential of ibogaine, a powerful oneiric alkaloid derived from Tabernanthe iboga, through exploring the subj...
Ibogaine as a treatment for substance misuse: Potential benefits and practical dangers.
Progress in brain research – January 01, 2018
Summary
Traditionally used for spiritual enlightenment, the iboga plant's compound, ibogaine, now shows promise as a treatment for opiate addiction by reducing cravings. While not a definitive cure or remedy, its use carries serious dangers, with 33 fatalities globally, including 5 in the UK. Careful risk assessment is vital for this potent treatment.
Abstract
Ibogaine is an indole alkaloid found in the root bark of the Iboga shrub native to west Africa possessing hallucinogenic properties. For centuries ...
Ibogaine Detoxification Transitions Opioid and Cocaine Abusers Between Dependence and Abstinence: Clinical Observations and Treatment Outcomes.
Frontiers in pharmacology – January 01, 2018
Summary
A promising observation reveals that a single dose of ibogaine can significantly ease severe opioid withdrawal symptoms. This clinical review of 191 individuals undergoing medically supervised detoxification explored ibogaine's potential to transition people from opioid dependence. Findings showed ibogaine safely diminished withdrawal and reduced intense drug craving, with no significant adverse effects. This suggests ibogaine, and its active metabolite noribogaine, could be a valuable tool for detoxification, helping individuals move towards abstinence.
Abstract
Ibogaine may be effective for transitioning opioid and cocaine dependent individuals to sobriety. American and European self-help groups provided p...
“Hallucinations” Following Acute Cannabis Dosing: A Case Report and Comparison to Other Hallucinogenic Drugs
Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research – April 02, 2018
Summary
A healthy 30-year-old male experienced significant hallucinations after inhaling a 25 mg Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) dose of vaporized Cannabis. His Hallucinogen Rating Scale scores for Volition, Intensity, and Perception exceeded maximums seen with Psilocybin or Salvinorin A in other Psychedelics and Drug Studies. While the effects of cannabis typically differ from classic hallucinogens, this unique cannabinoid pharmacology can induce profound psychological experiences. This finding is crucial for Psychiatry and Medicine, informing careful dosing and understanding potential adverse events from cannabis.
Abstract
Introduction: Cannabis has been historically classified as a hallucinogen. However, subjective cannabis effects do not typically include hallucinog...
Treatment of opioid use disorder with ibogaine: detoxification and drug use outcomes.
The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse – January 01, 2018
Summary
For individuals struggling with opioid use disorder, a unique plant alkaloid offers new hope. In an observational study, 30 people, many with prior unsuccessful treatments for heroin and prescription opioid addiction like oxycodone, received ibogaine. Results showed dramatic reductions in withdrawal symptoms. Crucially, 50% reported no opioid use a month later, with sustained improvements in drug use and social well-being for up to a year. This suggests ibogaine, and its active metabolite noribogaine, provides a powerful path to recovery.
Abstract
Ibogaine is a monoterpene indole alkaloid used in medical and nonmedical settings for the treatment of opioid use disorder. Its mechanism of action...
Characterization of hallucinogenic phenethylamines using high-resolution mass spectrometry for non-targeted screening purposes.
Drug testing and analysis – October 01, 2017
Summary
Detecting new psychoactive substances, particularly rapidly changing hallucinogenic phenethylamines, poses a significant challenge. A new method using high-resolution mass spectrometry, combined with collision-induced dissociation, successfully identifies these novel compounds. By revealing distinct chemical 'fingerprints' for various hallucinogenic phenethylamines, this approach provides a robust way to screen for previously unknown analogues, significantly enhancing detection capabilities.
Abstract
Hallucinogenic phenethylamines such as 2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamines (2C-X) and their N-(2-methoxybenzyl) derivatives (25X-NBOMe) have seen an incre...
Pharmacological Chaperones of the Dopamine Transporter Rescue Dopamine Transporter Deficiency Syndrome Mutations in Heterologous Cells.
The Journal of biological chemistry – October 14, 2016
Summary
Many neurological conditions stem from faulty dopamine transporter function. This work uncovered that drugs like bupropion and ibogaine act as a pharmacological chaperone, effectively rescuing defective dopamine transporter protein folding. They help this crucial membrane protein mature and traffic correctly, even for DTDS-associated mutations. Their action involves guiding proper protein folding, with mechanisms linked to COPII component SEC24D. This offers a promising path to restore dopamine transporter levels.
Abstract
A number of pathological conditions have been linked to mutations in the dopamine transporter gene, including hereditary dopamine transporter defic...