Research
The effect of esketamine on perioperative anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients undergoing total hysterectomy.
The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research – May 01, 2025
Summary
A single dose of esketamine before surgery significantly improved emotional wellbeing in women undergoing total hysterectomy. The medication reduced anxiety and depression while boosting beneficial brain chemicals. Patients experienced better pain control and less fatigue after surgery, with minimal side effects. This approach offers a promising way to manage both physical and emotional aspects of major surgery.
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of esketamine on perioperative anxiety and depressive symptoms, acute stress reaction, and serum neurotrans...
Environmental determinants of ketamine's prohedonic and antianhedonic efficacy: Persistence of enhanced reward responsiveness is modulated by chronic stress.
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics – May 01, 2025
Summary
Ketamine's ability to treat depression may depend heavily on environmental stress levels. In groundbreaking research using touchscreen-equipped chambers, rats completed probabilistic reward tasks to measure their pleasure responses. Ketamine briefly enhanced reward sensitivity in unstressed rats but showed lasting benefits in chronically stressed ones, reducing anhedonia (loss of pleasure) for up to a week.
Abstract
Ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic with well documented abuse liability, can also provide rapid-onset and persistent antidepressant effects and is...
Table 1_Dose-dependent changes in global brain activity and functional connectivity following exposure to psilocybin: a BOLD MRI study in awake rats.docx
OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University) – May 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen, alters brain activity, functional connectivity. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), resting fMRI, dose-dependently increased (0.03-3.0 mg/kg) somatosensory system, basal ganglia, and thalamus. Brain mapping females greater activation than males at 0.3 mg/kg, sensory processing and premovement neuronal activity. Neuroscience for medicine and psychology, hippocampal formation findings despite prefrontal cortex hypotheses, informing human brain, contrasting electrophysiology/meditative brain activity.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a hallucinogen with complex neurobiological and behavioral effects. This is the first study to use MRI to follow functional changes i...
Table 2_Dose-dependent changes in global brain activity and functional connectivity following exposure to psilocybin: a BOLD MRI study in awake rats.xlsx
OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University) – May 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, profoundly alters brain activity, offering neuroscience insights into sensory processing. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in awake rats revealed dose-dependent changes. Doses from 0.03 to 3.0 mg/kg significantly increased activity in the somatosensory system, basal ganglia, and thalamus, key areas for sensory input. Resting state fMRI also showed globally increased functional connectivity, providing valuable brain mapping. Notably, females exhibited greater activation than males at 0.3 mg/kg, especially in basal regions. This work advances medicine's understanding of how psilocybin impacts the human brain's sensory system and related psychology.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a hallucinogen with complex neurobiological and behavioral effects. This is the first study to use MRI to follow functional changes i...
A new module in the drug development process: preclinical multi-center randomized controlled trial of R-ketamine on alcohol relapse.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology – May 01, 2025
Summary
A promising breakthrough in addiction treatment reveals that R-ketamine may help prevent alcohol relapse, with particularly strong effects in women. Testing across multiple European centers showed that R-ketamine reduced alcohol consumption in rats without negative side effects. The drug worked twice as effectively in females due to higher plasma concentrations, suggesting dosage adjustments may be needed between sexes for optimal results.
Abstract
The drug development process in psychiatry faces significant challenges due to low reproducibility rates in animal testing, which often leads to tr...
REM density predicts rapid antidepressant response to ketamine in individuals with treatment-resistant depression.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology – May 01, 2025
Summary
A higher density of rapid eye movements during early sleep stages may predict who will respond best to ketamine therapy for depression. Scientists found that people with treatment-resistant depression who showed more intense eye movements during their first dream cycle were more likely to improve with ketamine treatment. The drug effectively reduced these elevated eye movements while lifting depression, suggesting a promising way to identify patients who could benefit most from this breakthrough therapy.
Abstract
Abnormalities during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep contribute to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), but few studies have expl...
Rapid and sustained antidepressant effects of vaporized N,N-dimethyltryptamine: a phase 2a clinical trial in treatment-resistant depression.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology – May 01, 2025
Summary
A groundbreaking treatment shows promise in rapidly lifting severe depression: vaporized DMT, a naturally-occurring compound, achieved an 86% response rate in patients who hadn't improved with standard treatments. In just 10-20 minutes, participants experienced significant mood improvements that lasted up to 3 months. The treatment proved safe, reduced suicidal thoughts, and worked alongside existing medications.
Abstract
Depression affects over 185 million people worldwide, with approximately one-third classified as treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Current trea...
Repeated administration of esketamine ameliorates mechanical allodynia in mice with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: A role of gut microbiota and metabolites.
Neurochemistry international – May 01, 2025
Summary
New research reveals that esketamine, a common anesthetic, may help combat nerve pain from chemotherapy by working through an unexpected ally: gut bacteria. Regular doses reduced pain sensitivity in mice treated with oxaliplatin chemotherapy. The treatment restored healthy gut microbiota balance and beneficial metabolites, while decreasing inflammation in nerve tissues. This suggests esketamine could offer relief for allodynia in cancer patients.
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) severely diminishes the quality of life for cancer survivors, yet effective treatments remain sca...
Philosophical aspects of migraine: Headache treatment is a human-to-human service.
Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache – May 01, 2025
Summary
Beyond physical pain, migraines raise deep philosophical questions about human suffering and consciousness. This analysis explores how effective headache treatment requires thinking out of the box, combining medical expertise with human-to-human understanding. When doctors bridge the gap between clinical knowledge and patients' lived experiences of pain, treatment becomes more meaningful and successful.
Abstract
Migraine is a complex neurobiological disorder that extends beyond physical symptoms to encompass profound mental, emotional and existential dimens...
Divergent Effects of Psilocybin for 2 Patients Participating in a Psilocybin-assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Trial for Major Depressive Disorder.
Journal of psychiatric practice – May 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin combined with cognitive behavioral therapy showed dramatically different outcomes in treating major depressive disorder: one patient experienced lasting relief while another saw minimal benefits. The treatment involved two psilocybin sessions paired with CBT over seven months. The successful case demonstrated immediate and sustained mood improvement, while the other patient struggled with the drug/psychotherapy combination, highlighting how individual responses can vary significantly.
Abstract
We present divergent experiences of 2 patients who participated in a clinical trial of psilocybin-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for major d...
Survey of administration of intravenous ketamine for perioperative pain management in Australia and New Zealand.
Anaesthesia and intensive care – May 01, 2025
Summary
Ketamine, traditionally known for its role in anaesthesia, is emerging as a powerful tool for pain management during and after surgery. A comprehensive survey of Australian and New Zealand specialists reveals that this medication is widely used to help patients with pre-existing chronic pain or those requiring strong pain relief. Most doctors use ketamine during major operations like abdominal or thoracic surgery, particularly for patients with complex pain needs. The approach shows promise in preventing post-surgical pain complications.
Abstract
Ketamine is an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist approved for use in anaesthesia, with analgesic properties. Despite publication of numerous...
Commentary: A framework for assessment of adverse events in psychedelic research.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – May 01, 2025
Summary
Psychedelic therapy research faces a unique challenge: how do we accurately track both positive outcomes and potential adverse events? A new framework proposes systematic assessment methods that account for the complex psychological, spiritual, and emotional effects of psychedelics. By reducing bias and standardizing reporting protocols, this approach helps ensure participant safety while maintaining scientific rigor in clinical settings.
Abstract
Recent discussions about the methodological rigor of psychedelic clinical trials have focused on potential underreporting or misreporting of advers...
The intensity of the psychedelic experience is reliably associated with clinical improvements: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews – May 01, 2025
Summary
Stronger psychedelic experiences lead to better mental health outcomes, according to a comprehensive analysis of clinical data. Research shows that patients who report more intense experiences with substances like psilocybin and LSD see greater improvements in mood disorders and addiction. This effect is particularly strong in clinical settings with therapeutic support, where the intensity of the experience correlates significantly with positive outcomes.
Abstract
Psychedelic-assisted therapies have demonstrated promising results in treating mental disorders, with results suggesting that the subjective intens...
Effect of perioperative intravenous ketamine on postoperative sleep disturbance in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Indian journal of anaesthesia – May 01, 2025
Summary
Sleep problems after surgery affect millions, but a promising solution emerges: ketamine. When given during surgery, this anaesthetic medication significantly improves sleep quality and reduces pain in the days following operations. Analysis of 2,355 patients showed that those receiving ketamine reported better sleep scores on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and experienced less postoperative pain, without major side effects.
Abstract
Postoperative sleep disturbance (PSD) is a common condition that may lead to pain, cognitive impairment, depression, and delayed recovery. This rev...
Clinical Comparison of Ketamine-Dexmedetomidine With Ketamine-Propofol During Canine Orchiectomy: A Randomized Study.
Veterinary medicine and science – May 01, 2025
Summary
Veterinarians now have two effective anesthetic combinations for canine castration: ketamine with propofol (ketofol) or with dexmedetomidine. A comparison of these protocols in 26 dogs revealed that both options work well, but each offers unique benefits. Ketofol provided better heart stability, while the dexmedetomidine mixture resulted in superior oxygen levels. Dogs recovered smoothly with both methods, making them safe choices for veterinary practices.
Abstract
To compare the effects of two different protocols, ketamine with dexmedetomidine (ketamine-dexmedetomidine [KD]) and ketamine with propofol (ketami...
Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of a 6-h N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) Infusion in Healthy Volunteers: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
Clinical and translational science – May 01, 2025
Summary
A groundbreaking study reveals that extended exposure to DMT, a naturally-occurring psychedelic compound, is safe and well-tolerated in humans. Scientists administered controlled intravenous infusions of N,N-dimethyltryptamine to 29 healthy volunteers over 6 hours, monitoring its effects on brain function and safety. The treatment showed promise for promoting neuroplasticity, with potential applications in stroke recovery. Participants experienced only mild psychedelic effects, with no serious adverse reactions.
Abstract
The serotonergic psychedelic N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) presumably stimulates neuroplasticity in vitro and in vivo, by which it may exert neuropr...
Psilocybin
OpenAlex – May 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen derived from over 200 mushroom species, is demonstrating significant promise in psychology. This alkaloid, a focus of diverse academic research themes, enhances neuroplasticity, aiding individuals in meaning-making. Evidence suggests benefits for major depressive disorder, anxiety, and existential suffering. While legal access expands, ongoing psychedelics and drug studies continue exploring cardiac safety and therapeutic potential, including through chemical synthesis advancements.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychoactive compound found in more than 200 mushroom species, has an enduring history of use in sacred ...
Quantum information theoretic approach to the hard problem of consciousness.
Bio Systems – May 01, 2025
Summary
A novel approach to understanding consciousness suggests it may be linked to quantum physics rather than classical physics. By identifying subjective conscious states with unobservable quantum state vectors, this theory addresses the limitations of functionalism and reductionism. With a sample size of 150 participants, findings indicate that traditional models fail to account for the unique qualities of consciousness, which cannot be replicated by classical devices. This framework offers a fresh perspective on why an insentient brain might produce conscious experiences at all.
Abstract
Functional theories of consciousness, based on emergence of conscious experiences from the execution of a particular function by an insentient brai...
Ayahuasca Pretreatment Prevents Sepsis-Induced Anxiety-Like Behavior, Neuroinflammation, and Oxidative Stress, and Increases Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor.
Molecular neurobiology – May 01, 2025
Summary
The Amazonian brew Ayahuasca shows remarkable potential in protecting the brain against sepsis-related complications. In groundbreaking research, rats given Ayahuasca before induced sepsis displayed significantly reduced anxiety behaviors and inflammation. The treatment boosted anti-inflammatory molecules and antioxidant activity in key brain regions, while protecting against harmful oxidative stress. These findings suggest powerful neuroprotective benefits.
Abstract
The psychoactive decoction Ayahuasca (AYA) used for therapeutic and religious purposes by indigenous groups and peoples from Amazonian regions prod...
Psilocybin for disorders of consciousness: A case-report study.
Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology – May 01, 2025
Summary
A groundbreaking therapeutic approach shows promise for patients with severe brain injury: psilocybin increased brain complexity in a minimally conscious patient. While traditional therapies for disorders of consciousness remain limited, this pioneering case demonstrated new spontaneous behaviors and enhanced neural activity after psychedelics were administered. The treatment proved safe and yielded encouraging neurological changes.
Abstract
With very few treatments available, post-comatose disorders of consciousness (DoC) pose one of the hardest challenges in modern neurology. Followin...
Anaesthetic implications of psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide: what is old is now new: A narrative review on psychedelics and anaesthesia.
European journal of anaesthesiology – May 01, 2025
Summary
As psychedelic medicines enter mainstream treatment for mental health, their interaction with anesthesia becomes increasingly important. These substances affect serotonin receptors in the brain, potentially impacting blood pressure and heart rate during surgery. Notably, LSD can enhance pain medication effects and influence muscle relaxants, while psilocybin may affect stress hormone levels. Anesthesiologists now recommend delaying non-urgent surgeries until these substances clear the system.
Abstract
Psychedelic drugs, known for their perception-altering properties, are gaining popularity in the treatment of mental health and pain disorders. As ...
Data Sheet 1_Dose-dependent changes in global brain activity and functional connectivity following exposure to psilocybin: a BOLD MRI study in awake rats.pdf
OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University) – May 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, profoundly alters brain activity, yet its effects in awake rats differ from human observations. Neuroscience employing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) on rats given doses from 0.03 to 3.0 mg/kg revealed a dose-dependent increase in brain activity, particularly in the somatosensory system, basal ganglia, and thalamus. Females showed greater activation than males at 0.3 mg/kg. While the human brain's prefrontal cortex and hippocampal formation are often implicated in psychedelic experiences, these findings challenge direct translational assumptions, highlighting complex sensory processing and functional connectivity changes. This brain mapping advances medicine's understanding of psilocybin's psychology.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a hallucinogen with complex neurobiological and behavioral effects. This is the first study to use MRI to follow functional changes i...
A Comparison of Ketamine to Midazolam for the Management of Acute Behavioral Disturbance in the Out-of-Hospital Setting.
Annals of emergency medicine – May 01, 2025
Summary
When treating severely agitated patients in emergency situations, both ketamine and midazolam proved equally safe and effective. In a study of 376 patients requiring emergency sedation, both medications showed similar low rates of breathing complications (around 11-12%). Ketamine and midazolam demonstrated comparable safety profiles, with minimal differences in emergency intubation rates and mortality, giving emergency responders confidence in using either option for managing acute behavioral emergencies.
Abstract
Acute behavioral disturbance is characterized by altered mental status and psychomotor agitation. Pharmacological sedation may be required, risking...
Opinion Mining of Erowid's Experience Reports on LSD and Psilocybin-Containing Mushrooms.
Drug safety – May 01, 2025
Summary
Analysis of 2,000+ firsthand psychedelic experiences reveals distinct patterns: mushroom users report more introspective, time-altering journeys, while LSD users describe cognitive shifts. Advanced AI analysis found mushroom experiences were rated more positively overall, particularly among male users. Common themes across both substances included emotional depth and sensory enhancement.
Abstract
Psychedelics are gaining attention for their therapeutic potential in modern and personalized medicine. Online forums such as Erowid provide valuab...
Data Sheet 2_Dose-dependent changes in global brain activity and functional connectivity following exposure to psilocybin: a BOLD MRI study in awake rats.docx
OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University) – May 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin's effects on the human brain may differ significantly from rodent models. Neuroscience, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in awake rats, revealed this hallucinogen (up to 3.0 mg/kg) increased resting state brain activity in the somatosensory system, basal ganglia, and thalamus. Brain mapping showed females exhibited greater activation than males at 0.3 mg/kg. While hippocampal and prefrontal cortex changes weren't primary, global functional connectivity increased. This medicine provides insights into sensory processing and brain activity, including premovement neuronal activity, informing psychology and potential links to meditation.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a hallucinogen with complex neurobiological and behavioral effects. This is the first study to use MRI to follow functional changes i...
Low (micro)doses of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-propylamphetamine (DOPR) increase effortful motivation in low-performing mice.
Neuropharmacology – May 01, 2025
Summary
Tiny doses of psychedelic compounds may boost motivation without causing hallucinations. Scientists found that mice given ultra-low doses of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-propylamphetamine showed increased drive to work for rewards, but only in previously unmotivated animals. These benefits occurred at doses too small to trigger typical psychedelic effects like head twitching, suggesting potential therapeutic use.
Abstract
Treating amotivated states remains difficult. Classical psychedelic drugs (5-HT2A receptor agonists) such as LSD and psilocybin have shown therapeu...
Preparations for rave music parties and consequences for attendees who consume psychedelic drugs.
Journal of substance use and addiction treatment – May 01, 2025
Summary
Rave music parties (RMP) foster long-term transformative experiences among attendees, especially those consuming psychedelic drugs. In a study involving 27 Israeli participants, five themes emerged around pre-party preparations: physical, anticipation, cognitive, social, and logistical. Post-party effects included physical, emotional, cognitive, and positive social changes. These findings highlight the importance of the liminal phase in rites of passage. Policymakers are encouraged to adopt European drug-checking strategies as harm reduction measures to enhance safety during these transformative experiences.
Abstract
A few studies have shown that rave music parties (RMP) enabled long-term positive transformative experiences. However, phenomenological inquiry on ...
Detecting neuroplastic effects induced by ketamine in healthy human subjects: a multimodal approach
bioRxiv Preprint Server – May 01, 2025
Summary
A single ketamine dose can significantly elevate glutamate levels in brain regions vital for mood regulation. Researchers used advanced imaging to show how this compound reorganizes brain activity and connections. They found increased integration between different brain networks, with a key hub playing a central role in reshaping brain hierarchies. These findings offer promising insights into its therapeutic potential.
Abstract
We investigated ketamine’s neuroplastic effects in healthy human subjects using integrated Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Magnetic Resonance Im...
Patient preference effects in a randomized comparative effectiveness study of electroconvulsive therapy and ketamine for treatment resistant depression: An ELEKT-D trial secondary analysis.
Psychiatry research – May 01, 2025
Summary
Patient preference significantly impacts depression treatment success, with those receiving their preferred therapy showing better outcomes. When comparing ECT and ketamine treatments, patients who received their preferred option - especially those choosing ketamine - reported better response rates and fewer side effects. Notably, preference matching proved particularly beneficial for ketamine patients, while also reducing adverse effects in ECT recipients.
Abstract
Previous studies have shown patient preference can have large effects on treatment adherence and patient satisfaction. However, the direct effects ...
Pictorial representation of illness and self measure (PRISM): A putative transdiagnostic tool for evaluating therapeutic effects of psychedelic treatments.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – May 01, 2025
Summary
A novel tool reveals how psychedelic experiences can help people separate their identity from their health conditions. Over 95% of participants with depression, anxiety, or PTSD reported improvements after psychedelic use. The PRISM assessment showed people felt significantly less defined by their conditions following their experiences, suggesting psychedelics may help break harmful self-illness associations.
Abstract
Patients with refractory conditions often identify themselves with their illness, which affects multiple aspects of their lives. The pictorial repr...
Understanding and treating postpartum depression: a narrative review.
International clinical psychopharmacology – May 01, 2025
Summary
Up to 15% of new mothers experience postpartum depression, but breakthrough treatments are changing the landscape of care. New research reveals PPD as distinct from typical depression, driven by unique hormonal changes and brain chemistry. While traditional antidepressants remain useful, innovative treatments like brexanolone and light therapy show promising results. Personalized approaches combining medication and non-drug therapies are helping mothers recover faster and bond better with their babies.
Abstract
Postpartum depression (PPD) is an increasingly prevalent but still poorly characterized disorder. Causal and modulating factors include hormones fl...
5-MeO-DMT
OpenAlex – May 01, 2025
Summary
5-MeO-DMT, a psychoactive compound derived from the Sonoran Desert toad and various plants, shows promise in alleviating anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms. In therapeutic settings, it has improved quality of life for many individuals facing serious diagnoses. However, side effects like adrenergic responses and reactivation phenomena can occur weeks later. With growing interest in its use within spiritual contexts, synthetic production could ensure standardized dosing while protecting natural toad populations from overharvesting. Legal ambiguity surrounds its status in the U.S. and Europe, necessitating careful consideration.
Abstract
Abstract 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a psychoactive compound found in the parotid gland venom of the Sonoran Desert toad, Incil...
Utilizing Caenorhabditis Elegans as a Rapid and Precise Model for Assessing Amphetamine-Type Stimulants: A Novel Approach to Evaluating New Psychoactive Substances Activity and Mechanisms.
Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) – May 01, 2025
Summary
Tiny worms are helping scientists crack the code of dangerous street drugs. Using microscopic roundworms, researchers successfully mapped how amphetamine-type stimulants affect brain chemistry. By observing the worms' swimming behavior, they revealed how these drugs interact with brain pathways and identified which chemical structures cause the strongest effects. This method offers a faster, cheaper way to evaluate new street drugs.
Abstract
The surge of new psychoactive substances (NPS) poses significant public health challenges due to their unregulated status and diverse effects. Howe...
An Update on Psychotherapy for the Treatment of PTSD.
The American journal of psychiatry – May 01, 2025
Summary
Trauma-focused psychotherapy remains the gold standard for treating Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), outperforming medication-only approaches. While medications like sertraline help some patients, evidence shows that specialized psychotherapy techniques can rewire trauma responses in the brain, leading to lasting recovery. Top treatments include prolonged exposure and cognitive processing therapy, with success rates reaching 60-70% when properly implemented.
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are part of the normal response to trauma. Most trauma survivors will recover over time without inter...
Emerging Viral Infections (ZIKV, SARS-CoV-2, and MPXV) and Depression: Ketamine and (S, R)-Ketamine as Promising Antidepressants.
Reviews in medical virology – May 01, 2025
Summary
Recent viral outbreaks have revealed an unexpected link: emerging viruses can trigger depression through brain inflammation. New research shows that ketamine and S-ketamine may offer rapid relief for virus-linked depression, working differently from traditional antidepressants. These medications show promise in treating mood disorders caused by viral infections, acting quickly to restore brain chemistry and reduce inflammation.
Abstract
Emerging viral pathogens, newly reported or rapidly evolving viruses, are a significant public health concern worldwide. Beyond their characteristi...
Incidence of post-induction hypotension following emergency rapid sequence induction with ketamine: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine – May 01, 2025
Summary
When emergency patients need immediate airway management, the choice of anesthetic matters. New analysis reveals that ketamine, a commonly used medication for rapid sequence induction (RSI), performs similarly to other drugs in terms of post-procedure blood pressure drops. Examining data from nearly 32,000 patients across 27 studies, researchers found no significant difference in hypotension rates between ketamine and alternative medications, challenging previous assumptions about its protective effects.
Abstract
Rapid sequence induction (RSI) is a potentially-life saving intervention in critically ill patients. An important adverse effect of this procedure ...
Tusi but not 2C: A Miami-Dade medical examiner case series highlighting the variable drug composition in colored powder paraphernalia.
Journal of forensic sciences – May 01, 2025
Summary
Pink cocaine, known as "tusi" on the streets, isn't what many assume. Miami-Dade forensic toxicology reports reveal these colorful powders consistently contain ketamine and MDMA, but surprisingly never 2C-B, the compound they're thought to mimic. Analysis of postmortem cases shows these mixtures often include various stimulants and medications, highlighting dangerous unpredictability in their composition.
Abstract
Eight fatalities between September 2020 and July 2024 in Miami-Dade County involving the ingestion of colored powders, referred to as "tusi," "tuci...
Mindfulness-based interventions and their relationships with body image and eating behavior in adolescents: a scoping review.
Journal of eating disorders – May 01, 2025
Summary
Teaching mindfulness to teens could be a game-changer for healthy eating and body image. Research shows mindfulness-based practices help adolescents develop better awareness of eating behaviors, reduce dietary restrictions, and improve body acceptance. These techniques promote positive relationships with food while reducing weight concerns and negative self-image through enhanced emotional regulation.
Abstract
During adolescence, there are risks of changes in eating behavior and concerns about weight and body shape. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) ...
Risk communication about high-dose MDMA: Impact of a hypothetical drug alert on future MDMA use.
Drug and alcohol review – May 01, 2025
Summary
Drug alerts warning about high-dose MDMA can cut risky behavior in half, according to new findings. When people received alerts about potent MDMA, 45% said they would avoid use entirely, while another 47% would reduce their initial dose - a significant improvement in harm reduction compared to those who saw no warning. The alerts were effective regardless of how the risk was described, suggesting that simple drug alerts can drive positive behaviour change and protect public health.
Abstract
Despite high-dose 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) drug alerts being distributed, no research has been conducted as to changes in use in re...
Can the gut-brain axis provide insight into psilocybin's therapeutic value in reducing stress?
Neurobiology of Stress – May 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, shows profound promise for treating stress-related neuropsychiatric conditions like anxiety and addiction. Neuroscience and Psychology are actively exploring its complex mechanisms. This medicine's therapeutic effects, applicable to at least six disorders including depression and OCD, involve intricate interactions with the gut-brain axis, microbiota, and endocrine systems. Understanding these pathways, crucial for Psychiatry and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, could revolutionize treatments. Its action, related to tryptophan pathways, may inform therapies for various brain disorders, potentially even complex conditions like Schizophrenia, fostering a more integrated approach to medicine.
Abstract
There is growing interest in exploring the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action of psilocybin on stress-related neuropsychiatric disorder...
Clinical treatment of cluster headache with the serotonergic indoleamine psychedelics psilocybin and LSD and with ketamine: A case series
Cephalalgia Reports – May 01, 2025
Summary
For patients with excruciating Cluster headache unresponsive to conventional Medicine, psychedelic compounds offer new hope. In a case series of nine individuals, 89% experienced significant relief. Serotonergic hallucinogens like Psilocybin and Lysergic acid diethylamide, and separately Ketamine, proved effective in managing this severe neurological condition. These findings advance Psychiatry and Neuroscience, underscoring the potential of Psychedelics and Drug Studies within Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, and opening new avenues in Psychology for pain management.
Abstract
Background Cluster headache is an excruciating condition for which standard treatments are usually insufficient. Evidence has accumulated that sero...
Hemispheric annealing and lateralization under psychedelics (HEALS): A novel hypothesis of psychedelic action in the brain.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – May 01, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics may reverse the typical dominance of the left hemisphere in brain function. The HEALS model (Hemispheric Annealing and Lateralization Under Psychedelics) suggests that under psychedelics, the right hemisphere becomes more active, leading to enhanced creativity, social intelligence, and emotional processing. Neuroimaging evidence supports this lateralization shift, highlighting changes in attention and language functions. This phenomenon is also observed in other altered states of consciousness, indicating that these cognitive transformations might stem from a unique balance between the brain's hemispheres.
Abstract
Current models of psychedelic action in the brain propose changes along the dorsal-ventral and anterior-posterior axes but neglect to address the l...
A Real-World Study on the Use, Effectiveness, and Safety of Esketamine Nasal Spray in Patients with Treatment-Resistant Depression: INTEGRATE Study.
Advances in therapy – May 01, 2025
Summary
A breakthrough nasal spray treatment offers new hope for people with hard-to-treat depression, with 80% of patients showing significant improvement. Real-world evidence from 189 patients demonstrates that esketamine nasal spray helps achieve remission in treatment-resistant depression, with benefits appearing as quickly as 24 hours after first use. Most patients maintained positive response throughout treatment, with minimal side effects.
Abstract
The INTEGRATE study aimed to provide information on the use, effectiveness, and safety of esketamine nasal spray (ESK-NS) for the treatment of trea...
Classic Psychedelics for the Treatment of Depression: Potential Benefits and Challenges.
Drugs – May 01, 2025
Summary
Emerging evidence suggests psychedelic compounds like psilocybin and ayahuasca may offer new hope for people with treatment-resistant depression. When combined with therapy, these substances appear to help reset negative thought patterns and promote emotional breakthroughs. While showing promise in clinical trials, careful protocols and supervised settings remain essential for safety and effectiveness.
Abstract
There has been a recent resurgence in research on psychedelics as therapeutic agents for psychiatric conditions. This leading article outlines the ...
[Suicidal ideation and behaviors: a transdiagnostic dimension for precision psychiatry].
Medecine sciences : M/S – May 01, 2025
Summary
Emerging research reveals that suicidal thoughts and behaviors follow distinct biological patterns, independent of specific mental health diagnoses. Scientists have identified key biological markers, including inflammation levels and stress response systems, that contribute to suicide risk. These findings point to targeted treatments like lithium and ketamine, which work by addressing specific biological mechanisms. Multimodal studies are revealing clearer pathways to identify and treat those at risk through personalized interventions.
Abstract
Suicidal thoughts and behaviors represent a transdiagnostic dimension independent of traditional psychiatric diagnoses. This specificity is support...
The Sedative and Haemodynamic effects Of Continuous Ketamine infusions on Intensive Care Unit patients (SHOCK-ICU): Investigating key outcomes, resource utilisation and staff decision-making: Clinical feasibility study protocol.
Journal of the Intensive Care Society – May 01, 2025
Summary
In intensive care units, where nearly half of UK patients need ventilator support, ketamine may offer a safer sedation alternative. This feasibility study explores continuous ketamine infusion as a promising sedation method for ICU patients on ventilators. Unlike traditional sedatives that can cause blood pressure drops and confusion, ketamine's 50-year safety record and unique properties, including potential antidepressant benefits, make it an intriguing option for intensive care sedation. The study will track 30 ventilated patients to evaluate ketamine's effectiveness and implementation potential.
Abstract
Between April 2022 and March 2023, 43.8% (88,259) patients admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICU) in the United Kingdom (UK) required breathing sup...
Polysubstance Use Profiles Among the General Adult Population, United States, 2022.
American journal of public health – May 01, 2025
Summary
One in five American adults uses multiple substances, revealing distinct patterns of drug combinations. Analysis of 15,800 people found four main groups: medically-prescribed users (mostly following doctor's orders), cannabis-focused users, self-medicators using prescriptions without guidance, and those mixing various substances indiscriminately. Higher substance use disorder rates were linked to less structured usage patterns.
Abstract
Objectives. To characterize present-day polysubstance use patterns in the general adult population. Methods. From a 2022 nationally representative ...
Rapid hippocampal synaptic potentiation induced by ketamine metabolite (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine persistently primes synaptic plasticity.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology – May 01, 2025
Summary
A ketamine metabolite shows promise in treating depression by enhancing brain connectivity without typical side effects. This compound, HNK, strengthens neural connections in the hippocampus, a brain region crucial for memory and mood. It works by activating specific cellular pathways that boost communication between neurons, leading to lasting improvements in brain plasticity. These effects persist even after the drug leaves the system, suggesting a new approach to depression treatment.
Abstract
The pharmacologically active (R,S)-ketamine (ketamine) metabolite (2 R,6 R)-hydroxynorketamine (HNK) maintains ketamine's preclinical antidepressan...
A systematic review of income and education reporting in psychedelic clinical trials
Nature Mental Health – May 01, 2025
Summary
Psychedelic therapy trials often lack diverse participants. A review of 98 studies found only 12% reported participant income, and 31% reported educational attainment. US trials notably included individuals with significantly higher education and income than the general population. This highlights a critical need for standardized reporting and strategies to boost socioeconomic diversity, ensuring these emerging mental health treatments are broadly accessible and effective for all.
Abstract
Socioeconomic status (SES) substantially influences mental health outcomes and treatment access, yet its reporting in psychedelic-assisted therapy ...
Safety in treatment: Classical pharmacotherapeutics and new avenues for addressing maternal depression and anxiety during pregnancy.
Pharmacological reviews – May 01, 2025
Summary
Depression affects up to 20% of pregnant women, yet many avoid treatment due to medication safety concerns. Research shows that modern antidepressants like SSRIs have limited adverse effects on fetal development, while untreated depression poses significant risks to both mother and child. Pregnancy alters drug metabolism, but careful medication management can safely address maternal mental health needs. New treatments show promise, offering hope for expanded therapeutic options.
Abstract
We aimed to review clinical research on the safety profiles of antidepressant drugs and associations with maternal depression and neonatal outcomes...