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Akhil Anand

Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.

6 papers in the library · 32 citations · publishing 2024-2026

Papers

Perceived Risk of Trying Lysergic Acid Diethylamide in the United States from 2015 to 2019: Are Americans Assessing Lysergic Acid Diethylamide's Risk Profile More Favorably?

Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.) June 1, 2024 Brian S Barnett, Akhil Anand, Elizabeth N Dewey et al. 20 citations

From 2015 to 2019, the proportion of Americans who perceived 'great' risk in trying LSD fell from 70.5% to 64.8%, a statistically significant linear decline. Lower perceived risk was associated with later survey year, personal LSD use, younger age, higher education, male gender, identifying as a sexual minority, and past-year psychological distress. Higher perceived risk was linked to identifying as Black or Hispanic, past-year suicide attempt, and having children at home. Among respondents under 18, Hispanic identity showed no association, and male gender was linked to higher perceived risk. Most Americans still perceive great risk in trying LSD.

LSD use in the United States: Examining user demographics and their evolution from 2015–2019

Journal of Psychedelic Studies February 1, 2024 Jeremy Weleff, Akhil Anand, Elizabeth N. Dewey et al. 8 citations

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) use in the United States increased by 47% from 2015 to 2019, rising from 0.59% to 0.87% of the population. Among people with past-year hallucinogen use disorder, the proportion of LSD users did not significantly increase. Factors associated with LSD use included easier access to LSD, lower perceived risk of trying it, low income, fewer children in the home, recent contact with drug sellers, and, among adults 18 and older, a past-year suicide attempt. No associations were found with unemployment, arrest history, or psychological distress. Over the study period, LSD users became more likely to be ages 26–34 and married, and lifetime methamphetamine users also increased their LSD use. LSD remains uncommon and does not appear to be a major public health burden.

The therapeutic effects of psychedelics for opioid use disorder: A systematic review of clinical studies.

Psychiatry research June 1, 2025 Jeremy Weleff, Alejandra Pulido-Saavedra, Ardavan Mohammad Aghaei et al. 4 citations

A systematic review of clinical studies on psychedelics for opioid use disorder found few completed trials using serotonergic psychedelics; most investigated ibogaine or ketamine. The evidence is limited by weak study designs focused on opioid withdrawal, few double-blind or placebo-controlled trials, and considerable methodological heterogeneity that makes comparisons across compounds difficult. Most studies had a high risk of bias, mainly due to lack of randomization, blinding, and blinded outcome assessment. The review outlines these limitations and steps to improve the quality of future research in this area.

Who Keeps Using Lysergic Acid Diethylamide? Correlates of Past-Year Use in People Who Initiated Use at least Five Years Ago.

Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.) June 1, 2026 Brian S Barnett, Akhil Anand, Jeremy Weleff et al.

Among US adults who first used LSD at least 5 years ago, only 4.2% reported using it in the past year. Past-year use dropped sharply with time since first use, from 14.4% among those who started 5 years ago to 0.1% among those who started 46–50 years ago. Factors linked to past-year use included being male, never married, living in poverty, higher education, lifetime stimulant use, recent contact with drug sellers, having sold illegal drugs, perceiving LSD as lower risk and more available, and a past-year suicide attempt. Having children at home, living in a small metro area, and more years since first use were linked to lower odds. Perceived risk and availability showed the strongest associations.

Past-Year Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Use in United States Sexual Minorities from 2015 to 2019

Psychedelic Medicine December 30, 2025 Brian S. Barnett, Akhil Anand, Tatiana Falcone et al.

Between 2015 and 2019, past-year LSD use rose 43% among heterosexual individuals, 58% among bisexual individuals, and 106% among lesbian/gay individuals in the United States. Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people were 3.3 to 4.4 times more likely to report past-year LSD use than heterosexual people, depending on the year. Living in poverty, being divorced versus married, living in a small metropolitan area versus a non-metropolitan area, and a past-year suicide attempt were unique correlates of LSD use for heterosexual individuals compared with LGB individuals. The findings suggest a need for targeted harm reduction strategies based on sexual identity.

The contribution of psychotherapy in potential therapeutic effects of psychedelics for treatment of opioid use disorder.

Current addiction reports January 1, 2025 Anahita Bassir Nia, Yalda Farahmand, Garret Griffith et al.

A review of trials on psychedelics for opioid use disorder (OUD) found no studies directly comparing different types of psychotherapy or testing psychedelics with versus without concurrent psychotherapy. Most research on alleviating opioid withdrawal symptoms did not include psychotherapy. The few studies on ketamine and LSD for opioid use and abstinence used a psychedelic-assisted therapy model. There is insufficient high-quality evidence to determine whether concurrent psychotherapy is necessary in psychedelic trials for OUD. Future trials should explore the interplay between psychedelic treatment and psychotherapy.