Journal of Psychopharmacology
July 1, 2023
Oliver Rumle Hovmand, Emil Deleuran Poulsen, Sidse Arnfred et al.
52 citations
A systematic review of clinical trials on classical psychedelics (psilocybin, peyote, ayahuasca/DMT, and LSD) for psychiatric conditions found that all but one of the ten included trials were rated as high risk of bias. The trials predominantly enrolled white, highly educated participants, had small sample sizes, and experienced considerable dropout. Blinding was either unsuccessful or not reported regardless of the type of placebo used. Few trials published protocols, statistical analysis plans, or measures of psychotherapy fidelity. The authors suggest that future trials use parallel-group designs with active placebos in psychedelic-naïve populations, publish protocols and analysis plans, employ blinded clinician-rated outcomes, evaluate blinding, and measure expectancy and therapeutic fidelity.
Journal of Psychopharmacology
November 16, 2023
Oliver Rumle Hovmand, Emil Deleuran Poulsen, Sidse Arnfred
31 citations
Classical psychedelics such as psilocybin, peyote, ayahuasca, and LSD can temporarily alter consciousness, affecting perception, mood, and sense of self. Reliable measurement tools are needed because the acute subjective experience may influence treatment outcomes. A review of 93 trials identified 17 different rating scales used to assess these altered states. The five most common instruments were the Five-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Questionnaire, visual analog or Likert scales developed for specific trials, the Hallucinogen Rating Scale, the States of Consciousness Questionnaire, and the Abnormer Psychischer Zustand. The authors recommend developing a core set of outcome measures to allow comparisons across different psychedelics, participants, and settings, and suggest designing instruments that assess the setting of the experience.
Journal of Psychopharmacology
August 13, 2024
Oliver Rumle Hovmand, Dea Siggaard Stenbæk, M. Madsen et al.
9 citations
The Danish translation of the Five Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Questionnaire (5D-ASC) is a valid tool for measuring altered states of consciousness among Danish-speaking individuals. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 11 subscales fit the data well and better than the original five-dimensional solution, with good internal consistency. Total scores correlated positively with psilocybin dose in a recreative sample of 550 users, but no correlations were found with intention or setting. The questionnaire was also tested in 47 healthy volunteers receiving psilocybin in a lab setting.
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs
January 15, 2024
Oliver Rumle Hovmand, Mathias Ebbesen Jensen, Tobias Søgaard Juul et al.
6 citations
A Danish translation of the Revised Mystical Experiences Questionnaire (MEQ30) is a valid and reliable tool for assessing mystical-type experiences in Danish-speaking individuals. The questionnaire showed excellent internal reliability across three samples: healthy volunteers receiving psilocybin in a lab (N = 47), recreational users reporting on their most recent psilocybin experience (N = 834), and users reporting on their most memorable psychedelic experience (N = 500). A four-factor structure provided the best, fair fit to the data. MEQ30 total scores correlated with dose and spiritual or religious intention, but not with setting.