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Journal of Scientific Exploration

ISSN 0892-3310

19 papers in the library · 31 citations · publishing 2020-2026

Papers

Ghosted! Exploring the Haunting Reality of Paranormal Encounters

Journal of Scientific Exploration December 28, 2023 Christine Simmonds-Moore 15 citations

A collaborative team called the Ghost Gang uses adversarial collaboration to study ghost experiences, bracketing personal beliefs to explore the phenomenon systematically. They present the theory of Haunted People Syndrome (HP-S), which understands ghost phenomena from psychological, social, and environmental perspectives. The approach advocates ruling out normal explanations before considering parapsychological ones, keeping an open but critical stance. The text describes a participatory research method aligned with transpersonal and community-based approaches, aiming to equalize academic hierarchies and generate new insights into a common human experience.

Psychedelic Telepathy: An Interview Study

Journal of Scientific Exploration September 15, 2020 Petter Grahl Johnstad 4 citations

An interview study of 40 psychedelic users found that 16 reported telepathic experiences. Three types emerged: information-exchange telepathy (communicating in images and words), telempathy (direct exchange of feeling-states), and a state of self-dissolution where one could not distinguish one's own thoughts from a partner's. Some participants disliked the loss of privacy in intense telepathic states and were hesitant to repeat them, while others became accustomed and experienced them regularly. The authors conclude that further studies are warranted and suggest an experimental research design.

A Three-Aspect Model for Consciousness

Journal of Scientific Exploration October 19, 2023 Dan Graboi 2 citations

A philosophical model of consciousness is proposed, drawing on Nisargadatta Maharaj's interpretation of Advaita Vedanta and integrating concepts from physics, neuroscience, and information science. Information generated by the brain's unique wiring is hypothesized to become dissociated from neurophysiology and transformed into a universal format within a nonphysical domain where consciousness occurs. This domain, sharing features with Bohm's Implicate Order, has nonlocal properties supporting instant correlation of information without requiring energy for transport, potentially explaining telepathic psi phenomena. An experiment to test for such a nonphysical dimension enabling instant telepathic information transfer is discussed. The model argues that three aspects are minimally necessary to frame consciousness.

The History, Legalization and Potentials of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy

Journal of Scientific Exploration February 11, 2023 Jeffery Heilman 2 citations

Psilocybin, a chemical compound found in certain mushrooms, is gaining attention for its potential therapeutic benefits when combined with psychotherapy. This review addresses three questions: what psilocybin is, what psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy involves, and its potential advantages and disadvantages. Although the treatment is controversial and not yet well-studied, recent clinical trials have shown significant benefits for conditions such as end-of-life anxiety, depression, and existential distress in terminally ill cancer patients, tobacco addiction, and treatment-resistant major depressive disorder. The review explores psilocybin's shamanic origins, history, legal issues, and current neuroscience research, noting its growing impact on American culture and psychology.

Can Trance Channeling Be Learned? A Case Study of a Scientist’s Experience

Journal of Scientific Exploration December 18, 2025 Helané Wahbeh, Sitara Taddeo, Beth Glick 1 citation

A structured hypnotic protocol successfully guided a 45-year-old female scientist, familiar with psi phenomena but new to trance channeling, to shift consciousness and allow communication from non-physical beings. Over six sessions in an electromagnetically shielded environment, the participant progressed from deep relaxation to out-of-body experience induction and trance channeling. The participant channeled different non-physical beings, indicating that trance channeling skills may involve both inherent capacity and learned ability. Hypnosis proved effective for guiding out-of-body experiences, which helped loosen ego control and enhance awareness. The findings suggest potential for structured training in trance channeling and highlight the need for further research linking out-of-body experiences to psi abilities, demographic factors, and brain-imaging studies.

Haunted People Syndrome Redux: Concurrent Validity From an Independent Case Study

Journal of Scientific Exploration March 31, 2025 Ciarán O’keeffe, Brandon Massullo, Brian Laythe et al. 1 citation

A reanalysis of a case study by Auerbach et al. (2023) on a poltergeist-like disturbance investigated with virtual technology during the COVID-19 pandemic finds that the case strongly aligns with the Haunted People Syndrome (HP-S) model. HP-S conceptualizes ghostly episodes as an interactionist phenomenon arising from individuals with heightened somatic-sensory sensitivities, stirred by dis-ease states, contextualized with paranormal belief, and reinforced via perceptual contagion and threat-agency detection. Content analysis by an independent researcher showed the case had below-average 'haunt intensity' and a pattern resembling embellished or false testimony, yet it displayed most HP-S recognition patterns. The findings imply that ghostly episodes are best understood through a biopsychosocial lens, regardless of potential psi contributions.

Colored Fields of Light Surrounding Living Organisms: Responses to Magnetic Fields and Mental Attention-A Unique Case Study

Journal of Scientific Exploration March 31, 2025 Marie Ryd, Andrew Ahn, Göte Andersson 1 citation

A 14-year-old boy reports seeing transparent colored light fields around human and animal bodies: blue on the left side and red on the right, extending 0.5–2 cm beyond the skin. In 127 out of 130 randomized blind trials, the blue field was attracted to a bar magnet's north pole and repelled from the south pole; the red field showed opposite results in pilot tests. An outer rainbow field extending 20–50 cm responded similarly in 50 out of 50 trials. The boy also describes cognitive-dependent spirals and "thought-forms" extending from the fields. In one instance, a right-leg amputee secretly visualized a healthy leg, and the boy reported seeing a red light projection of a healthy limb.

Where is "Out There"?

Journal of Scientific Exploration December 27, 2024 Dan Graboi 1 citation

Evidence from experiments and firsthand accounts indicates that visual and other information from distant minds and environments can enter both conscious and unconscious awareness and measurably affect brain and body function. This information passes through any physical obstacle and does not degrade with increasing distance, yet no current physical instrument can detect it. To explain these observations, the paper draws on the Advaitic philosophical tradition, proposing a non-physical domain that interacts with the physical world of matter, energy, and spacetime. In this domain, psi-encoded information is a primary currency. The analysis suggests that such information does not propagate through space, and other characteristics of the non-physical domain are inferred from the examples.

Online Group PK Experiments: Hypothesis Testing and Theory Development

Journal of Scientific Exploration July 9, 2024 James Mcclenon 1 citation

A series of weekly online group psychokinesis experiments conducted over three and a half years found that pinwheel turning, measured by motion-activated camera activations, occurred significantly more during group meetings than during equivalent non-group periods. Certain discussion topics—occult traditions, psychic readings, and psychical research—were associated with rapid turning, while direct observation, relaxation exercises, and miscellaneous topics reduced turning. Participants perceived the pinwheels as exhibiting intelligence in response to group discussion. Trickster effects, including changing turning patterns, equipment failures, and hiding behavior, suggest limited replicability, though methodological guidelines are proposed to increase success. A new model grounded in the data accounts for the phenomena.

Interdisciplinary Review of Demonic Possession Between 1980 and 2023: A Compendium of Scientific Cases

Journal of Scientific Exploration December 28, 2023 Álex Escolà‐gascón, María Francisca Ovalle, Luke J. Matthews 1 citation

An official review of 52 documented possession cases from 1890 to 2023, drawing on psychology, medicine, anthropology, and theology, finds that most such episodes can be explained by existing behavioral science, with only a small fraction remaining unexplained. Quantitative models estimate a 0.01923 probability that a given possession case is scientifically unexplained, a 0.0031 likelihood of discovering new truly unexplained cases in the future, and a 0.0023 probability of encountering five such cases in a single year. The review evaluates medical and psychological interventions and proposes guidelines for safe exorcisms and pharmacological treatments, advocating integrative approaches that include anthropologists and Catholic Church priests for spiritual guidance. It concludes that possession episodes challenge scientific understanding of consciousness.

Reconsidering Context in Psychedelic Research: Rituals as Ancient Libraries of Knowledge

Journal of Scientific Exploration February 11, 2023 Heather Lutz 1 citation

Psychedelic research is gaining public and private attention, but most studies focus on clinical settings while ignoring the ritual context in which indigenous peoples have used entheogens for millennia. This manuscript conceptualizes entheogenic spiritual rituals as ancient libraries of healing knowledge. It contrasts the biomedical diagnosis-and-treatment model with the ritual context, identifying explicit and implicit ritual attributes that may contribute to healing. The paper argues that cultural assumptions favoring mechanistic causation lead to a dismissal of ritual context in psychedelic studies. It proposes alternative research design philosophies and suggests that viewing spiritual rituals as ancient libraries could generate hypotheses currently blocked by scientific bias.

Thought-Forms Gone Rogue: A Theory for Psi-Critics and Parapsychologists

Journal of Scientific Exploration March 8, 2021 Adrian Parker 1 citation

The author argues that critics Reber and Alcock have shifted the debate from whether psi phenomena exist to understanding their nature, requiring evidence that statistical findings reflect real causal relationships and a common theoretical framework. The author claims the causal demand is already met by methodology using real-time recordings of changing target imagery alongside receiver mentation. In response to the theoretical demand, the author proposes that diverse "rogue phenomena" in psychology and parapsychology—including automatic writing, lucid dream characters, spirit possessions, and entity experiences in psychedelic states—are dissociated thought-forms with varying degrees of co-consciousness, sometimes developing genuine autonomy and identity.

Semantic Correspondence Between Trance-Channeled ET Messages and Ufological Records

Journal of Scientific Exploration July 7, 2026 Helané Wahbeh, Beth Glick, Erik Brinsmead et al.

Thematic correspondence between trance-channeled communications attributed to extraterrestrial intelligences and a large archival ufological dataset (UFODex) was examined using semantic similarity analysis. Fifty-two channeled submissions were compared to UFODex across ten matched questions about disclosure, communication, time perception, and technology. Three transformer-based language models (MiniLM, MPNet, QA MPNet) quantified conceptual overlap, yielding average similarity scores from 0.66 to 0.88. Disclosure, psychic abilities, and time perception showed highest alignment. Channeled content emphasized vibrational readiness, ethical co-creation, and consciousness-based contact, while UFODex stressed secrecy, technological engineering, and geopolitical framing. The findings suggest value in semantic analysis for mapping conceptual structures across heterogeneous sources.

An Information-Theoretical Perspective on Consciousness: Implications for the Treatment of Death Anxiety

Journal of Scientific Exploration July 7, 2026 Yakov Shapiro, Carlos Eduardo Maldonado

A trans-materialist information-theoretical framework is proposed to account for conscious experience, from ordinary embodied modes to altered states such as near-death experiences (NDEs). The approach extends the Bohmian model to treat brain and mind as a unified quantum/classical system governed by implicate informational dynamics, resolving the Cartesian gap. Consciousness, personal identity, and free will are characterized as informational processes spanning classical matter/energy and quantum fields. Reports of veridical information obtained during NDEs are reviewed, suggesting that consciousness and self-identity may persist as coherent informational patterns (CIPs) without a functioning brain. The framework is also proposed as a clinical tool for alleviating existential death anxiety.

Can Consciousness Nudge Randomness?

Journal of Scientific Exploration March 26, 2026 Ulf Holmberg

A new framework called the Cognitive Entropy Shift Model (CESM) proposes that specific cognitive states—passive emotional attention and goal-directed intention—can subtly bias probabilistic systems by reducing entropy. A two-year controlled experiment using a physical random number generator found statistically significant deviations from randomness during periods of heightened emotional attention, with effect sizes of 0.5–0.7%. The effect weakened with increasing spatial distance from the presumed source of influence. The paper also applies CESM to reinterpret earlier studies, distinguishing between passive and active cognitive engagement within a quantifiable statistical model that supports testable predictions.

Towards a Natural History of Psi: An Evolutionary Proposal Based on Consilience of Inductions

Journal of Scientific Exploration March 26, 2026 Alex A. Álvarez

Psi, often considered paranormal, may actually be a natural and normal ancestral capability widely distributed across many non-human organisms, not just humans. Evidence from historical records, surveys, animal psi experiments, common vertebrate brain structures, the inhibitory role of recently evolved primate brain layers, and potential survival advantages suggests psi emerged long ago, possibly before vertebrate divergence, and has been preserved by biological evolution, likely through stabilizing selection. Understanding psi's neurobiological bases requires focusing on brain regions common to all vertebrates to identify its genetic foundations and evolutionary history.

Psychosis or Spiritual Experience? Rethinking Mental States Through Cultural and Mystical Lenses

Journal of Scientific Exploration October 15, 2025 Stephanie El Chakieh

Psychotic episodes are often viewed as pathological, but their similarities with mediumship, shamanism, and mystical experiences—all involving altered states and perceived spiritual interactions—complicate diagnosis and treatment. The review examines how cultural backgrounds and beliefs influence whether such experiences are considered illness. While spiritual interpretations can provide meaning, they do not rule out underlying pathology; nutritional deficiencies or biochemical imbalances should be considered before assigning spiritual significance. The article calls for openness to exploring spiritual realms and further research to bridge tangible and intangible aspects of life, potentially leading to alternative approaches to psychosis.

Demons on the Couch: Spirit Possession, Exorcisms and the DSM-5 by Michael Sersch

Journal of Scientific Exploration June 7, 2020 Todd Hayen

Demonic possession has held cultural fascination for over two millennia, and clinicians can successfully and ethically treat patients who believe they are possessed by integrating the patient's spiritual worldview into clinical practice. The book examines possession and exorcism through modern psychotherapy and the DSM-5, dividing the topic into three sections: the history of spirit possession and exorcism, clinical diagnoses such as Dissociative Identity Disorder, and practical suggestions for clinicians. The author does not attempt to prove or disprove possession, but advocates incorporating patients' spirituality and faith practices to improve treatment outcomes.

Galileo’s Error: Foundations for a New Science of Consciousness by Philip Goff

Journal of Scientific Exploration March 23, 2020 George Williams

Philip Goff's book 'Galileo's Error' introduces general readers to the debate on consciousness, covering dualism, physicalism, and panpsychism. Goff argues that materialistic explanations fail to explain consciousness and that consciousness may be fundamental, advocating for panpsychism—the view that fundamental particles have a mental aspect. The book also examines Galileo's role in shaping science by excluding subjective qualities like taste and smell from quantitative inquiry, an approach Goff suggests needs rethinking to make progress on consciousness. Goff emphasizes the importance of philosophical reflection alongside empirical work.