795 results for "DMT"
Structural insights into tryptamine psychedelics: The role of hydroxyl indole ring site in 5-HT2A receptor activation and psychedelic-like activity.
European journal of medicinal chemistry – January 05, 2025
Summary
The position of chemical groups on psychedelic compounds dramatically influences their effects in the brain. Scientists found that psilocin, the active form of magic mushrooms, works best when its hydroxyl group is in specific positions on its molecular structure. Using advanced simulations, they revealed how this positioning affects binding to the brain's 5-HT2A receptor, explaining why some compounds produce stronger psychedelic-like activity than others.
Abstract
Recent advancements in the study of mushroom-derived tryptamines, particularly psilocybin and its metabolite psilocin, highlight their unique psych...
Psychedelics: From Cave Art to 21st-Century Medicine for Addiction
European Addiction Research – September 25, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics offer compelling new hope for treating addiction. A comprehensive review spanning 40 years of Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlights their therapeutic potential in medicine and psychiatry. Substances like Psilocybin, Lysergic acid diethylamide, and Mescaline, alongside MDMA, are being re-examined. These hallucinogens influence neurotransmitter receptors, impacting behavior and improving psychological symptoms of dependence. This re-emergence in psychology and chemical synthesis and alkaloids research suggests these compounds could be vital tools for psychotherapists addressing addiction, especially when conventional methods fail.
Abstract
Background: Psychedelic substance use in ritualistic and ceremonial settings dates back as early as 8,500 BCE. Only in recent years, from the mid-2...
Psychedelics: A review of their effects on recalled aversive memories and fear/anxiety expression in rodents
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews – September 20, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics show significant potential for treating anxiety and maladaptive memories from aversive stimuli. A review of nearly 400 studies since 1957 reveals various psychedelics, like psilocybin and MDMA, reduce the expression of learned fear and impair memory reconsolidation in rodents. This Neuroscience and Psychology research highlights how Psychedelics and Drug Studies modulate neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. Understanding these effects, vital for Developmental psychology regarding memory aging, promises new therapeutic strategies for stress-related conditions.
Abstract
Threatening events and stressful experiences can lead to maladaptive memories and related behaviors. Existing treatments often fail to address thes...
Adverse Events in Studies of Classic Psychedelics
JAMA Psychiatry – September 04, 2024
Summary
Healthy participants experienced zero serious adverse effects from classic hallucinogens like psilocybin. A review of 214 studies (114 analyzable, 3504 participants), using data extraction from PsycINFO and MEDLINE, found serious adverse events in only 4% of those with neuropsychiatric disorders. Nonserious adverse effects needing medicine were similarly rare. While generally well-tolerated in clinical psychology and psychiatry, understanding these psychedelics' neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior is vital for new populations in drug studies, especially for compounds from chemical synthesis and alkaloids.
Abstract
Importance A clear and comprehensive understanding of risks associated with psychedelic-assisted therapy is necessary as investigators extend its a...
Toxicology and Pharmacological Interactions of Classic Psychedelics.
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences – July 24, 2024
Summary
Classic psychedelics like LSD and psilocybin show remarkably low physical toxicity, even at high doses. Their metabolism in the liver means they can interact with common medications, particularly antidepressants. While adverse effects like anxiety can occur, they're typically manageable with proper screening and supervision. Understanding these interactions helps ensure safe therapeutic use.
Abstract
As psychedelics are being investigated for more medical indications, it has become important to characterize the adverse effects and pharmacologica...
The mitogenomic landscape of Banisteriopsis caapi (Malpighiaceae), the sacred liana used for ayahuasca preparation.
Genetics and molecular biology – January 01, 2024
Summary
Scientists have decoded the complete mitochondrial DNA of the sacred ayahuasca vine, revealing fascinating insights into this culturally significant Amazonian plant. The vine works synergistically with another plant to create ayahuasca's effects by preventing the breakdown of its psychoactive compounds. Analysis shows unique genetic features, including unusual gene patterns and evidence of DNA sharing between cellular components, helping confirm its identity as the "Tucunacá" variety used in traditional ceremonies.
Abstract
The sacred ayahuasca brew, utilized by indigenous communities in the Amazon and syncretic religious groups in Brazil, primarily consists of a decoc...
Prospective associations of psychedelic treatment for co-occurring alcohol misuse and posttraumatic stress symptoms among United States Special Operations Forces Veterans.
Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association – January 01, 2024
Summary
Special Operations Veterans struggling with alcohol misuse and trauma showed remarkable improvement after psychedelic therapy in Mexico. Treatment with natural compounds helped reduce risky drinking by 50% among participants, with over half achieving either abstinence or safe drinking levels after one month. The program, which treated 86 Veterans, demonstrated that those who responded best to treatment also experienced significant improvements in trauma symptoms and cognitive function. These findings suggest a promising path forward for Veterans battling both alcohol challenges and combat-related stress.
Abstract
This study evaluated prospective associations of ibogaine and 5-MeO-DMT treatment for risky alcohol use and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) s...
Serotonergic Psychedelics: A Comparative Review of Efficacy, Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Binding Profile
Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging – February 01, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin shows promise for depression, a compelling finding in the burgeoning field of Psychedelics and Drug Studies. This review explores hallucinogens like Lysergic acid diethylamide and Mescaline, examining their pharmacology, including pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. These compounds, often from chemical synthesis and alkaloids, exert serotonergic effects through neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. While their potential in medicine and psychology is clear, evidence for most therapeutic uses remains scarce, with similar psychedelic effects observed across compounds.
Abstract
Psychedelic compounds, including psilocybin, LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), DMT (N,N -dimethyltryptamine), and 5-MeO-DMT (5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyl...
Pharmaco-toxicological effects of the novel tryptamine hallucinogen 5-MeO-MiPT on motor, sensorimotor, physiological, and cardiorespiratory parameters in mice-from a human poisoning case to the preclinical evidence.
Psychopharmacology – March 01, 2024
Summary
A novel hallucinogen dubbed "Moxy" (5-MeO-MiPT) shows significant effects on brain function and behavior. Tests in mice revealed dose-dependent changes in movement, sensory processing, and vital signs. The compound's effects mirror symptoms from a documented human intoxication case, suggesting potential health risks while highlighting possible therapeutic applications.
Abstract
The 5-methoxy-N-methyl-N-isopropyltryptamine (5-MeO-MiPT, known online as "Moxy") is a new psychedelic tryptamine first identified on Italian natio...
Set and setting predict psychopathology, wellbeing and meaningfulness of psychedelic experiences: a correlational study.
Expert review of clinical pharmacology – January 01, 2024
Summary
The mindset and environment during psychedelic use significantly impact mental health outcomes, according to a large survey of Spanish-speaking participants. People who used psychedelics for personal growth in natural settings, accompanied by trusted individuals, reported better mental health and more meaningful experiences. Conversely, those using these substances to escape problems showed poorer psychological outcomes.
Abstract
In psychedelic therapy, the importance of set and setting is a fundamental but under-researched assumption. The aim of this study is to correlate v...
Present and future of metabolic and metabolomics studies focused on classical psychedelics in humans.
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie – December 31, 2023
Summary
Groundbreaking research reveals how psychedelics like psilocybin, LSD, and ayahuasca affect human biology at the molecular level. Scientists tracked how these compounds are processed in the body and mapped their effects on cellular metabolism. While we understand how these substances break down, their broader impact on the body's metabolic systems offers promising insights for mental health treatments.
Abstract
Psychedelics are classical hallucinogen drugs that induce a marked altered state of consciousness. In recent years, there has been renewed attentio...
A cane toad (Rhinella marina) N-methyltransferase converts primary indolethylamines to tertiary psychedelic amines.
The Journal of biological chemistry – October 01, 2023
Summary
Scientists have discovered that cane toads naturally produce enzymes that create psychedelic compounds similar to those found in magic mushrooms. The toad's N-methyltransferase enzyme efficiently converts simple compounds into complex psychedelic molecules that interact with brain serotonin receptors. This finding reveals nature's remarkable drug-making machinery and opens new paths for developing stable, therapeutic compounds.
Abstract
Psychedelic indolethylamines have emerged as potential medicines to treat several psychiatric pathologies. Natural sources of these compounds inclu...
The changing outlook of psychedelic drugs: The importance of risk assessment and occupational exposure limits
Journal of Applied Toxicology – August 30, 2023
Summary
Occupational exposure limits for potent hallucinogens like psilocybin and Lysergic acid diethylamide are remarkably low. New pharmacology guidelines set limits at 0.05 μg/m³ for psilocybin and 0.002 μg/m³ for Lysergic acid diethylamide, highlighting their hazardous nature. These serotonergic psychedelics are explored in medicine for anxiety and other psychology/psychiatry conditions. Understanding their adverse effect profiles and Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior is crucial for workplace safety. This area of Psychedelics and Drug Studies emphasizes stringent controls to prevent unintended psychedelic effects, a critical aspect of Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis.
Abstract
Abstract Serotonergic psychedelics, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, dimethyltryptamine (DMT), and 5‐methoxy‐ N , N ‐dimethylt...
Beyond Psilocybin: Reviewing the Therapeutic Potential of Other Serotonergic Psychedelics in Mental and Substance Use Disorders
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – August 24, 2023
Summary
Despite reported benefits in Clinical psychology like improved mood and anxiety, evidence for many serotonergic hallucinogens remains limited. A review of 77 Psychedelics and Drug Studies, including Lysergic acid diethylamide (43 studies), Ayahuasca (24), and Mescaline (5), found low-level safety and efficacy data for these compounds. Unlike Psilocybin's growing role in Psychiatry and Medicine, serious adverse events, including homicide and suicide, were linked to Lysergic acid diethylamide. Understanding these chemical synthesis and alkaloids, which influence neurotransmitter receptors, requires more robust investigation.
Abstract
There has been a resurgence of interest in the use of psychedelic therapies for several mental and substance use disorders. Psilocybin, a "classic"...
The psychedelic afterglow phenomenon: a systematic review of subacute effects of classic serotonergic psychedelics
Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology – January 01, 2023
Summary
Many experience a "psychedelic afterglow" after using hallucinogens like psilocybin, often synthesized alkaloids. A review of 48 drug studies (1,774 participants) reveals this subacute period (up to a month) brings beneficial psychological changes. Individuals report reduced anxiety, improved mood, and wellbeing, offering new avenues for clinical psychology and psychiatry. While mild to severe adverse effects like headaches were observed, no serious adverse events occurred. Understanding these compounds' neurotransmitter receptor influence informs modern medicine.
Abstract
Background: Classic serotonergic psychedelics have anecdotally been reported to show a characteristic pattern of subacute effects that persist afte...
Psychedelics: Alternative and Potential Therapeutic Options for Treating Mood and Anxiety Disorders
Molecules – April 13, 2022
Summary
For thousands of years, psychedelics like psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide held spiritual and medicinal value in ancient cultures. Now, a new wave of drug studies explores these hallucinogens as neuropharmaceuticals. Evidence suggests their potential for treating anxiety and addiction, offering a promising alternative in psychiatry and psychology. These compounds, affecting neurotransmitter systems, exhibit low toxicity and abuse potential, making them attractive for psychotherapeutic interventions and modern medicine.
Abstract
The word “psychedelic” (psyche (i.e., the mind or soul) and delos (i.e., to show)) has Greek origin and was first coined by psychiatrist Humphry Os...
Classification of psychedelics and psychoactive drugs based on brain-wide imaging of cellular c-Fos expression
Nature Communications – February 12, 2025
Summary
A novel neuroscience approach accurately classifies psychoactive drugs, showing promise for future medicine. Using advanced microscopy and machine learning, a pharmacology pipeline identified distinct drug signatures in brain tissue. This method achieved 67% accuracy in distinguishing compounds like the hallucinogens Psilocybin, Ketamine, and MDMA, alongside Fluoxetine. Psilocybin was discriminated from other drugs with over 95% accuracy. Such precise drug studies advance our understanding of neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, critical for developing new treatments for brain disorders.
Abstract
Psilocybin, ketamine, and MDMA are psychoactive compounds that exert behavioral effects with distinguishable but also overlapping features. The gro...
On serotonin, psychedelics, entactogens and psychoplastogens in depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and related disorders.
OpenAlex – May 23, 2024
Summary
Potent hallucinogens like psilocybin offer rapid, long-lasting antidepressant and anxiolytic effects for major depressive disorder and anxiety, often after just one or two administrations. Neuroscience and psychiatry reveal these psychedelics modulate the serotonin system, crucial for brain function and implicated in tryptophan-related disorders. Their chemical synthesis yields alkaloids showing promise in drug studies, achieving FDA breakthrough status for conditions involving neuroinflammation and neuroplasticity, revolutionizing psychology's approach to mental health.
Abstract
There is controversy about a causal role of serotonin (5-HT) in depression, some arguing that there is no proof for impaired brain 5-HT function in...
Analysis of recreational psychedelic substance use experiences classified by substance
Psychopharmacology – January 15, 2022
Summary
MDMA experiences uniquely feature an emotionally intense profile alongside many cognitive process words, according to an analysis of 2947 online reports. This Psychology research in Psychedelics and Drug Studies examined language patterns from substances like Psilocybin, LSD, and the Hallucinogen Ayahuasca/DMT. While MDMA reports showed heightened emotional and cognition, informing Cognitive psychology, Ayahuasca/DMT reports were most akin to mystical experiences, displaying less emotional and cognitive process language but more analytical thinking. These distinct linguistic profiles offer insights for Clinical psychology treatments and understanding Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior.
Abstract
Abstract Rationale and objectives Differences among psychedelic substances regarding their subjective experiences are clinically and scientifically...
Serotonergic psychedelics for depression: A comprehensive overview.
International review of neurobiology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Imagine a single treatment rapidly easing severe depression. Recent insights from clinical trials show certain psychedelics, like psilocybin, offer profound and sustained relief for major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD). These powerful compounds demonstrate antidepressant effects comparable to conventional therapies, presenting a promising new frontier in addressing challenging forms of depression.
Abstract
Depressive disorders continue to pose a major clinical challenge worldwide, particularly given the high prevalence and increasing number of treatme...
Effects of psychedelics on human oscillatory brain activity.
International review of neurobiology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Psychedelic compounds profoundly reorganize brain activity. Using EEG and MEG, researchers investigated how these substances alter neural oscillations. A key finding was a consistent decrease in alpha power, indicating reduced inhibitory control, alongside a significant increase in brain signal complexity. This suggests altered functional connectivity, potentially reversing typical top-down processing. These objective EEG markers offer valuable insights into the unique psychedelic experience and its therapeutic potential.
Abstract
This chapter reviews the effects of classic psychedelics on human oscillatory brain activity, as measured by resting-state electroencephalography (...
Unequal representation? A cross-sectional analysis of age, sex, race, and ethnicity in clinical trials of classic psychedelics
Journal of Psychopharmacology – July 11, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin clinical trials, a key area in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, reveal a significant lack of diversity. Across eight psilocybin trials (n=501), 87.2% of participants were White, while Black individuals constituted only 3.0% and Asian individuals 5.0%. Among those reporting ethnicity (n=134), 13.4% were Hispanic or Latino. This limited representation in clinical psychology and psychiatry trials raises serious questions about the generalizability of these hallucinogen therapies across the broader population. Ensuring equitable access and understanding true safety and efficacy in medicine requires broader inclusion of every ethnic group.
Abstract
Background: Although classic psychedelic trials show therapeutic potential, the limited diversity of participants raises concerns about generalizab...
No evidence that LSD microdosing affects recall or the balance between distracter resistance and updating
bioRxiv Preprint Server – December 02, 2021
Summary
Could microdosing LSD sharpen your mind? A recent investigation explored whether tiny doses (5-20 µg) of LSD impact working memory—our ability to recall information and manage distractions. Participants in a controlled setting received either a microdose or a placebo, then completed tasks designed to test memory recall and the processing of new information. The results showed no evidence that these small doses improved memory accuracy or efficiency, nor did they alter how individuals handle distractions versus updating their memory. This suggests microdosing may not provide the cognitive boost some expect.
Abstract
The effect of low doses (<=20 μg) of LSD on working memory, in the absence of altered states of consciousness, remain largely unexplored. Given its...
Investigating the Synergistic Neuroprotective Effects of Plant-Derived Antioxidants and the Psychedelic N,N-Dimethyltryptamine in Alzheimer's Disease Therapy.
Cells – June 19, 2025
Summary
A multi-pronged approach shows promise for Alzheimer's disease. A study investigated combining specific plant-derived bioactive compounds with the psychedelic N,N-Dimethyltryptamine. Using a *Caenorhabditis elegans* model, this combination significantly improved mobility, reduced protein plaques, and boosted resilience against oxidative stress. These positive results suggest a synergistic effect, offering a new therapeutic direction for complex neurodegenerative conditions.
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic and complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline, memory loss, and irrev...
Past-year hallucinogen use in relation to psychological distress, depression, and suicidality among US adults.
Addictive behaviors – September 01, 2022
Summary
Ecstasy (MDMA) use was linked to *reduced* psychological distress and suicidal thoughts among US adults. A study of over 240,000 US adults explored how various hallucinogens, including psychedelics, relate to mental well-being. While ecstasy showed decreased depression and suicidality, other hallucinogens like LSD were linked to increased risks. This reveals distinct impacts of different hallucinogens on mental health.
Abstract
There is renewed interest in the clinical application of hallucinogenic substances to treat a range of psychiatric conditions. However, there is mi...
1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: A Future Approach to the Metabolic Profiling of Psychedelics in Human Biofluids?
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2021
Summary
Unlocking the full therapeutic potential of psychedelics like psilocybin and lsd hinges on understanding their metabolic journey. A review explored proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) as a powerful metabolomics tool. While current work uses NMR for structural analysis of psychedelics and new psychoactive substances, its application for metabolic profiling in biofluids is an exciting, untapped area. This approach, alongside mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography, shows great promise for mapping how these compounds break down, offering valuable insights for future research.
Abstract
While psychedelics may have therapeutic potential for treating mental health disorders such as depression, further research is needed to better und...
United States National Institutes of Health grant funding for psychedelic-assisted therapy clinical trials from 2006-2020.
The International journal on drug policy – January 01, 2022
Summary
While psychedelic-assisted therapy with compounds like MDMA, psilocybin, LSD (lysergic acid), ibogaine, ayahuasca, and dimethyltryptamine shows promising results for mental health, a review of National Institutes of Health (NIH) research funding from 2006-2020 found zero direct grants for clinical trials. Researchers examined NIH databases for support of these hallucinogens and other psychedelics. Despite a global "psychedelic renaissance" and other nations' governments funding such work, the NIH has not directly supported clinical trials for these innovative therapies.
Abstract
Medicine is currently experiencing a "psychedelic renaissance", said by many to have commenced in 2006. Since then, clinical trials have consistent...
LC-MS/MS screening method for designer amphetamines, tryptamines, and piperazines in serum.
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry – April 01, 2010
Summary
The rapid evolution of designer drugs demands sophisticated detection methods. Scientists have developed a powerful new analytical technique to reliably identify these substances in blood. This advanced LC-MS/MS method effectively screens for 35 different amphetamine, tryptamine, and piperazine derivatives. It successfully identifies all target compounds with impressive sensitivity and excellent selectivity, providing a robust and crucial tool for toxicology and public safety.
Abstract
Since the late 1990s and early 2000s, derivatives of well-known designer drugs as well as new psychoactive compounds have been sold on the illicit ...
Psilocybin-induced stimulus control in the rat.
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior – October 01, 2007
Summary
Rats trained to recognize psilocybin revealed its unique brain effects involve a complex interplay of receptors. The 5-HT2A receptor plays a prominent role in mediating psilocybin's distinct internal signal, yet it's not the sole factor. Other hallucinogens like LSD and psilocin produced similar responses, often blocked by 5-HT2A antagonists. Significantly, 5-HT1A receptors, active with some related compounds, were not involved in psilocybin's specific effects. This advances our understanding of psilocybin's precise mechanisms.
Abstract
Although psilocybin has been trained in the rat as a discriminative stimulus, little is known of the pharmacological receptors essential for stimul...
Altered consciousness states and endogenous psychoses: a common molecular pathway?
Schizophrenia research – December 19, 1997
Summary
Elevated levels of methylated indolealkylamines (MIAs) have been observed in psychotic patients, including those with schizophrenia, suggesting a link between these compounds and psychosis. Studies indicate that some patients excrete higher concentrations of MIAs compared to healthy individuals, although results vary. For instance, certain research shows significant MIA presence in 30% of psychotic cases. The beverage ayahuasca, known for its hallucinogenic properties, may provide insights into the mechanisms behind these symptoms, highlighting a potential connection to the transmethylation hypothesis in schizophrenia.
Abstract
Interest in the role of indolamines in the pathogenesis of psychoses has been renewed in recent years by the development of atypical antipsychotic ...
Comparison of psychedelic and near-death or other non-ordinary experiences in changing attitudes about death and dying
PLoS ONE – August 24, 2022
Summary
Psychedelic experiences, involving psilocybin or lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), generate *more profound* mystical subjective features than non-drug encounters, yet both significantly reduce death fear. A survey of 3192 individuals across psychology and medicine found non-drug experiences (933 participants) were often life's most meaningful. Hallucinogen-occasioned events (2259 participants) reported greater mystical depth, offering unique insights for clinical psychology and psychiatry. Both types profoundly shift perspectives on death, underscoring their relevance for spiritual practices and drug studies.
Abstract
Both psychedelic drug experiences and near-death experiences can occasion changes in perspectives on death and dying, but there have been few direc...
Neuroimaging in psychedelic drug development: Past, present, and future
OpenAlex – June 30, 2022
Summary
Neuroimaging is revolutionizing psychedelic medicine, offering unprecedented precision in understanding how substances like psilocybin and MDMA impact the brain. This advanced neuroscience, utilizing modalities like PET and MRI, is crucial for drug development in psychiatry. It illuminates the serotonergic mechanisms of these hallucinogens, holding immense promise for treating addiction and other psychological conditions. This rigorous drug analysis provides a robust foundation for psychotherapists. Integrating these insights into medicine advances our understanding of neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, propelling psychedelics and drug studies forward.
Abstract
Psychedelic therapy (PT) is an emerging paradigm with great transdiagnostic potential for treating a range of psychiatric disorders, including depr...
Psilocybin as a Novel Pharmacotherapy for Treatment-Refractory Anorexia Nervosa
OBM Neurobiology – June 24, 2021
Summary
Anorexia nervosa, a severe psychiatry challenge, sees current psychological intervention remission rates below 50%. This high-mortality condition urgently needs new medicine, as approved pharmacotherapy is absent. Emerging Psychedelics and Drug Studies suggest hallucinogens like psilocybin offer a novel approach. These compounds show potential for significantly reducing co-occurring anxiety and depression, common in Anorexia nervosa. Influencing Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, this could be a vital treatment in psychology for treatment-resistant patients, offering new hope.
Abstract
Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a major health problem with one of the highest mortalities and treatment costs of any psychiatric condition. Cognitive beh...
Classic and non‐classic psychedelics for substance use disorder: A review of their historic, past and current research
Addiction Neuroscience – June 22, 2022
Summary
Psychedelics offer a compelling new frontier for substance use disorder, a global public health concern where current psychiatric treatments face challenges. Drug studies present moderate evidence for psilocybin and ketamine in Alcohol Use Disorder, and ketamine for opiate/alcohol withdrawal. THC preparations also aid cannabis/opioid withdrawal symptoms. These substances, often alkaloids from chemical synthesis, influence behavior via neurotransmitter receptors. This fluid area of psychology suggests their significant potential as adjunct therapies, transforming approaches to addiction.
Abstract
Substance use disorder (SUD) is a global public health concern that affects millions of people worldwide. Considering current research, addiction h...
How to Change Your Mind: What the New Science of Psychedelics Teaches Us About Consciousness, Dying, Addiction, Depression, and Transcendence
Anesthesia & Analgesia – February 17, 2021
Summary
Michael Pollan's 480-page "How to Change Your Mind" compellingly argues that psychedelics, particularly psilocybin, could revolutionize mental health. Named one of Time's top 100 influential people, Pollan explores their profound impact on consciousness, environmentalism, and counterculture. The book delves into the psychology and sociology of these substances, suggesting drug studies offer a unique "reboot" for conditions where conventional treatments fail, moving beyond traditional psychoanalysis. This engaging work encourages a cautious re-evaluation of psychedelics' therapeutic potential.
Abstract
It is tough to write about psychedelics without a few gratuitous puns. Regardless, Michael Pollan’s “How to Change Your Mind” is definitely “mind e...
“Ayahuasca turned on my mind’s eye”: Enhanced visual imagery after ayahuasca intake in a man with “blind imagination” (aphantasia)
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – July 25, 2018
Summary
A man with lifelong aphantasia, unable to form a mental image, experienced sustained visual imagery improvements after a single dose of the hallucinogen Ayahuasca. This unique case suggests a profound psychological impact, relevant to Psychedelics and Drug Studies. Neuroscience explores how Psilocybin or Lysergic acid diethylamide, acting on 5-HT2A receptors, might enhance mental imagery. His experience prompts Biochemical Analysis into these substances, moving beyond Forensic Toxicology to explore therapeutic potential.
Abstract
Aphantasia ("blind imagination") is a poorly described condition with an uncertain etiology, characterized by reduced or lack of voluntary visual i...
Molecular docking and binding interaction between psychedelic drugs and human serum albumin
BioTechnologia – June 16, 2020
Summary
Psychedelic drugs like LSD and psilocybin strongly bind to human serum albumin, a key plasma protein. Using computational biology, all six tested psychedelics interact with serum albumin, influencing their pharmacology. LSD showed the highest binding energy at -7.6 kcal/mol, with psilocybin at -6.5 kcal/mol. These protein interaction studies, vital for drug studies and chemistry, highlight albumin's role as a biodistributor. Such insights are often complemented by analytical chemistry, chromatography, and fluorescence analysis.
Abstract
Drug-plasma protein interaction is a critical concern in monitoring drug circulation and drug-drug interactions. The present study aimed to investi...
Psychedelics: A new era of treatment?
European Psychiatry – April 01, 2021
Summary
Psychedelics like psilocybin, mescaline, and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) are showing remarkable promise in psychiatry and psychology. These hallucinogens, including ayahuasca, influence neurotransmitter receptors through their chemical synthesis and alkaloids. Neuroscience and drug studies confirm their therapeutic potential for anxiety and mood disorders: controlled trials observed significant reductions in anxiety and depression for cancer patients, and lessened alcohol/tobacco dependence, marking a significant shift in psychedelic medicine.
Abstract
Introduction Psychedelics - including LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), psilocybin, DMT (N, N-dimethyltryptamine), ayahuasca and mescaline - have a...
Psychedelic use and psychological flexibility: The role of meaningful intention and decentering
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – August 16, 2024
Summary
Meaningful intention and decentering during psychedelic experiences significantly enhance psychological flexibility, a crucial aspect of mental well-being. Data from 114 individuals using classic psychedelics reveal how conscious preparation fosters adaptability, akin to robust **flexibility (engineering)** in mental systems. This **psychology** research offers insights for **psychotherapists**, emphasizing self-awareness and insight, concepts explored in **psychoanalysis**. **Psychedelics and drug studies** demonstrate these substances, by influencing **neurotransmitter receptors**, profoundly reshape behavior. Such findings integrate **social psychology** perspectives on user communities, highlighting the complex interplay of mind and substance.
Abstract
Abstract Background Psychedelic use and its impact on well-being is garnering a lot of research attention, however, little has been done to underst...
Chapter 51. Hallucinogen-Related Disorders
American Psychiatric Publishing eBooks – May 05, 2014
Summary
Hallucinogens profoundly alter consciousness, often inducing euphoria and transcendental experiences without impairing intellect. These psychedelics, like psilocybin from "magic mushrooms," are a key focus in Drug Studies. Plant-based Medicinal Research investigates their natural origins, while Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques illuminate their impact on psychology and psychiatry. Researchers often **Login** to specialized systems to manage data from these complex investigations. This class of drugs, both synthetic and plant-derived, offers unique insights into perception and mood.
Abstract
The hallucinogens are a class of psychoactive drugs, either synthetic or plant products, that produce auditory and/or visual hallucinations as well...
AVANÇOS NO TRATAMENTO DE TRANSTORNOS MENTAIS: Uma análise bibliométrica global da pesquisa sobre psicodélicos clássicos
Psicologia e Saúde em Debate – October 18, 2024
Summary
Research into classic psychedelics for mental health treatment is experiencing a dramatic global surge. An analysis of 4,235 publications from 91 countries reveals a strong, accelerating trend in Psychedelics and Drug Studies. Publications on LSD and psilocybin, central to Psychology and Mental Health, show particularly robust growth, with yearly increases correlating strongly at 0.92 and 0.94 respectively. This expanding evidence base offers new avenues for psychotherapists seeking innovative therapeutic options.
Abstract
Classic psychedelics are being globally investigated for their therapeutic potential in mental disorders, however, the literature offers little inf...
Ayahuasca Enhances Functional Connectivity in the Third Visual Pathway and Mirror Neuron Networks: a Crossover, Multiple-Dose fMRI Study.
Social cognitive and affective neuroscience – January 31, 2026
Summary
Ayahuasca significantly enhances social connection, improving perceived relationships one week later. A pharmacoimaging investigation with twelve healthy participants revealed the highest dose increased connectivity in the brain's posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS), a key region in the third visual pathway. This enhanced social cognition, with strong links between pSTS activity and the mirror neuron system, correlating with increased perspective-taking. This reveals how psychedelics integrate these systems, offering a basis for ayahuasca's prosocial therapeutic effects.
Abstract
Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying the impact of psychedelics on social perception and cognition may be instrumental to unravel their t...
Effects of ayahuasca on the endocannabinoid system of healthy volunteers and in volunteers with social anxiety disorder: Results from two pilot, proof‐of‐concept, randomized, placebo‐controlled trials
Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental – February 02, 2022
Summary
Ayahuasca may enhance endocannabinoid levels in individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD). In a randomized controlled trial involving 17 SAD volunteers, significant increases in anandamide (AEA) were noted after ayahuasca intake, compared to baseline. Healthy participants also showed changes, albeit less pronounced, with 20 subjects involved. The analysis revealed variability in responses, suggesting that while ayahuasca could influence the endocannabinoid system, individual differences and small sample sizes limit broader conclusions about its potential as a treatment for anxiety.
Abstract
Abstract Objective To assess endocannabinoid (anandamide, AEA; 2‐arachidonoylglycerol, 2‐AG) plasma levels in healthy volunteers and in volunteers ...
Immunological Modulation and Control of Parasitaemia by Ayahuasca Compounds: Therapeutic Potential for Chagas's Disease
Chemistry & Biodiversity – September 26, 2022
Summary
Ayahuasca shows promising potential against Chagas disease, exhibiting moderate in vitro activity against Trypanosoma cruzi with an IC50 of 95.78 μg/mL, compared to benznidazole's 2.03 μg/mL. The alkaloid harmine demonstrated significant trypanocidal activity with an IC50 of 6.37 μg/mL. In vivo evaluations revealed no adverse effects at doses of 10 and 100 mg/kg, while Ayahuasca compounds modulated immune responses, increasing total Immunoglobulin levels. This research highlights Ayahuasca's multi-target effects and its potential role in treating Chagas disease.
Abstract
Abstract Ayahuasca is a psychoactive and psychedelic decoct composed mainly of Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis plant species. The bever...
Neural Network Modulation of Ayahuasca: A Systematic Review of Human Studies
Psychoactives – March 20, 2023
Summary
Ayahuasca, a serotonergic hallucinogen, has been shown to significantly alter brain connectivity. In a review of 11 studies involving neuroimaging, findings indicated that acute consumption leads to expanded local neural networks while overall brain connectivity decreases. Chronic users exhibited anatomical changes, particularly in the posterior cingulate cortex. Notably, 73% of studies highlighted alterations in the Default Mode Network, suggesting potential pathways for neuromodulation. These insights contribute to understanding psychedelics' effects on psychology and neuroscience, opening avenues for future exploration in medicine.
Abstract
Background: Ayahuasca is a serotoninergic hallucinogen that plays a central role in the Amazonian traditional medicine. Its psychoactive effects ar...
A Fully Validated LC-MS Quantitation Method for Psychoactive Compounds Found in Native South American Plant Species
Psychoactives – November 08, 2024
Summary
A validated analytical method using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry enables the detection of six key psychoactive compounds in plants, including tryptamine and harmine, with impressive accuracy and efficiency. The method achieved a limit of detection ranging from 0.06 to 0.11 ng/mL and extraction efficiency exceeding 98%. All compounds were analyzed within nine minutes, making it suitable for high-throughput applications. This advancement supports the potential commercial cultivation of psychedelic plants for therapeutic uses in treating mental disorders like anxiety and depression.
Abstract
Psychoactive drugs are compounds that alter the function of the central nervous system, resulting in changes in perception, mood, cognition, and be...
The mitogenomic landscape of Banisteriopsis caapi (Malpighiaceae), the sacred liana used for ayahuasca preparation
Genetics and Molecular Biology – January 01, 2024
Summary
The complete mitochondrial genome of Banisteriopsis caapi, a key ingredient in the sacred ayahuasca brew, spans 503,502 base pairs. This analysis revealed that while it contains most mitochondrial genes, some ribosomal genes are absent, indicating potential gene transfer between organelles. A notable 7-Kb repetitive segment with copies of specific genes suggests dynamic maintenance of the mitogenome. Phylogenetic comparisons across 24 Malpighiales confirm its classification within the "Tucunacá" ethnovariety, enhancing our understanding of this important plant in botany and biochemistry.
Abstract
The sacred ayahuasca brew, utilized by indigenous communities in the Amazon and syncretic religious groups in Brazil, primarily consists of a decoc...
Psychedelic Clinical Studies - Bibliometric Dataset
Figshare – January 01, 2021
Summary
A comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 1,200 clinical studies on psychedelics from 1965 to 2018 reveals a significant rise in publications, particularly in the last decade. Notably, psilocybin and MDMA accounted for over 60% of the articles. The data highlights trends in information retrieval and geographical distribution, emphasizing the growing interest in psychedelics within fields like computer science and data science. This analysis provides valuable insights into the evolving landscape of psychedelic research, particularly regarding chemical synthesis and reactions involving alkaloids.
Abstract
Dataset for a bibliometric analysis of journal articles reporting findings from clinical studies of the psychedelics 5-methoxy-N, N-dimethyltryptam...
BPL-003
Archives of Psychiatry Research – December 29, 2025
Summary
BPL-003, a novel psychedelic compound, shows promise for treating treatment-resistant depression (TRD). In a Phase 2b trial with 193 patients, single doses of 8 mg and 12 mg led to significant reductions in depressive symptoms within just two days, lasting up to Day 57. The 8 mg dose balanced efficacy and tolerability well, with mild adverse effects that were transient. This rapid onset of antidepressant effects highlights BPL-003's potential as a fast-acting therapeutic option, warranting further evaluation in upcoming Phase 3 trials.
Abstract
BPL-003 is a novel investigational psychedelic compound being developed for the treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Its active ingredient, 5-meth...
Possible Therapeutics Effects of Ayahuasca, a Psychedelic Compound
European Psychiatry – June 01, 2022
Summary
Ayahuasca shows promise as a treatment for psychiatric symptoms, particularly depression. In a randomized placebo-controlled trial, participants who consumed ayahuasca experienced significant antidepressant effects compared to the placebo group. Long-term users exhibited structural brain changes without increased psychopathology or neuropsychological decline. Notably, prolonged psychotic reactions in ayahuasca users were rare, complicating causal links. The review encompassed various studies, including clinical trials and observational research, highlighting the potential of psychedelics like ayahuasca in addressing addiction and anxiety disorders.
Abstract
Introduction Ayahuasca is an hallucinogenic tea prepared from the Amazonian vine Banisteriopsis caapi and the leaves of the plant Psychotria Viridi...