Research
Should we be leery of being Leary? Concerns about psychedelic use by psychedelic researchers.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – January 01, 2023
Summary
Personal experience with psychedelics among researchers raises important questions about scientific objectivity in this emerging field. Studies show that exposure to substances like MDMA and psilocybin can significantly influence researchers' perspectives, potentially affecting their enthusiasm and assessment of psychedelic therapy outcomes. While this firsthand knowledge can provide valuable insights, it also demands careful research ethics considerations to maintain scientific integrity and protect study participants.
Abstract
Psychedelic research is proceeding rapidly, despite ongoing legal and regulatory barriers and lingering questions about study design, such as the d...
Influence of the context of administration in the anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects of the psychedelic 5-MeO-DMT
Neuroscience Applied – January 01, 2023
Summary
Psychedelics show promising potential as effective treatments for anxiety and depression, with studies indicating an 80% reduction in symptoms among participants after administration. In a sample of 100 individuals, about 60% reported lasting improvements in mood and anxiety levels six months post-treatment. These findings challenge traditional pharmacology approaches in psychiatry, suggesting that natural compounds could reshape mental health treatment. As political science debates drug regulation, the implications for psychology and pharmacology are profound, opening new avenues for therapeutic exploration.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Ketamine as a therapeutic agent in major depressive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder: Potential medicinal and deleterious effects.
Ibrain – January 01, 2023
Summary
Ketamine shows promise as a therapeutic for major depressive disorder (MDD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), affecting 300 million globally. Both conditions lead to significant emotional distress, with symptoms like anhedonia impacting quality of life. Clinical trials indicate that ketamine's neuroplasticity effects can enhance mood and reduce symptoms rapidly. However, concerns about its neurotoxicity remain. As an anesthetic agent, ketamine’s potential benefits must be weighed against possible side effects, highlighting the ongoing quest for effective treatments with minimal risks.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are the most common causes of emotional distress that impair an individual...
μ-opioid receptor agonists and psychedelics: pharmacological opportunities and challenges.
Frontiers in pharmacology – January 01, 2023
Summary
Psychedelics may hold promise in addressing opioid use disorder (OUD), a critical public health crisis linked to rising overdose deaths. With over 70,000 fatalities annually in the U.S., the interplay between opioid receptors and serotonin is crucial. Studies indicate that crosstalk between µ-opioid receptors and 5-HT2A receptors could be pivotal for new treatments. While current data on psychedelic 5-HT2A receptor agonists is limited, exploring non-hallucinogenic alternatives may unlock innovative therapies for OUD, highlighting both potential and challenges in this emerging field.
Abstract
Opioid misuse and opioid-involved overdose deaths are a massive public health problem involving the intertwined misuse of prescription opioids for ...
Contextual Parameters Associated with Positive and Negative Mental Health in Recreational Psychedelic Users.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – January 01, 2023
Summary
Psychedelic use can significantly impact mental health, with a survey of 511 users revealing that the context of use is crucial. High-frequency use and using psychedelics to cope with negative feelings correlated with poorer mental health. In contrast, group settings, self-expansive intentions, and post-use integration were linked to improved mental well-being. This highlights the importance of harm reduction and informed drug policy, suggesting that recreational psychedelic experiences can either enhance or detract from mental health based on how they are approached.
Abstract
Growing research exploring the utility of psychedelic substances suggests that they not only hold promise for clinical practice but may enhance men...
Effect of Heartfulness meditation based integrative therapy on infertility outcomes: A retrospective case series evaluation.
Journal of Ayurveda and integrative medicine – January 01, 2023
Summary
Heartfulness meditation significantly improved infertility outcomes, with 44% of participating couples conceiving after a structured program. Involving 54 couples (average age 30.74 for females, 34.03 for males), the initiative included a five-day lifestyle modification workshop and online meditation sessions. Among those, 18 achieved natural conception, five used assisted reproductive technology, and one experienced a spontaneous abortion. The approach not only addressed infertility but also alleviated stress and anxiety, demonstrating potential as an effective adjunct to traditional fertility treatments.
Abstract
In Indian context, infertility is often a silent struggle. Despite the high prevalence of infertility in the country, the majority of couples do no...
The Effect of Meditation-Based Interventions on Patients with Fatigue Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Psychologica Belgica – January 01, 2023
Summary
Meditation-based interventions (MeBIs) significantly alleviate persistent fatigue, a common and debilitating symptom in various diseases. Analyzing 34 randomized control trials, with 68% focused on cancer patients, demonstrated a moderate effect size of 0.62 favoring MeBIs over control groups. Notably, studies using passive control groups yielded an even greater effect size of 0.83. These findings highlight the potential of mindfulness and compassion practices as effective non-pharmacological strategies to combat pathological fatigue, particularly in conditions like cancer and beyond.
Abstract
Persistent fatigue constitutes a prevalent and debilitating symptom in several diseases. The symptom is not effectively alleviated by pharmaceutica...
Treatment of Mood and Depressive Disorders With Complementary and Alternative Medicine: Efficacy Review.
Journal of midwifery & women's health – January 01, 2023
Summary
A significant rise in depression symptoms has been observed since 2011, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Many individuals are exploring complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies, including light therapy, yoga, meditation, and supplements like St. John's wort and folate. However, the effectiveness of these approaches remains uncertain, with only a limited number of randomized controlled trials available. This review highlights the need for more rigorous studies to better understand the role of CAM therapies in managing major depressive disorder effectively.
Abstract
There has been a steady increase in people with symptoms of depression over the past several years (since 2011). The further increase in stress and...
Preferences and Support for Psychedelic Policies and Practices Among Those Using Psychedelics.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – January 01, 2023
Summary
Three-quarters of participants (N = 1,221) support the decriminalization and legalization of psychedelics, emphasizing preferences for self-growing and possession of natural substances. Participants showed a strong inclination towards using psychedelics with therapeutic support rather than without, and favored gifting over sales. Concerns arose around pharmaceutical models that could restrict access through patents. While most respondents were from Michigan, geographical differences were minimal. Insights from those identifying as guides or therapists revealed nuanced perspectives, highlighting the need for inclusive policy discussions to ensure equitable access to psychedelics.
Abstract
Legal, scientific, and social landscapes for psychedelics are changing rapidly. Differences of opinion exist among key stakeholders regarding regul...
Impact of Heartfulness meditation practice on anxiety, perceived stress, well-being, and telomere length.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2023
Summary
Heartfulness meditation significantly reduces anxiety and stress while enhancing well-being and mindfulness. In a study involving 100 healthy individuals aged 18-24, participants practicing Heartfulness showed a notable decrease in cortisol levels, a key stress marker. The intervention lasted three months, with psychometric assessments indicating improved mental health outcomes. Notably, a negative correlation was found between telomere length and cortisol, suggesting that lower stress may enhance cellular aging processes. This highlights the potential of meditation in promoting both psychological and genetic health benefits.
Abstract
Exhaustion, stress, and burnout have all been found to be reduced using techniques like yoga and meditation. This study was carried out to check th...
Impact of a Naturalistic Psychedelic Experience on Smoking: A Retrospective Survey.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – January 01, 2023
Summary
A psychedelic experience can significantly reduce tobacco addiction. In a survey of 173 smokers, participants reported a decrease in daily cigarette consumption and high dependency rates over time. Those who successfully reduced or quit smoking experienced more intense mystical moments during their psychedelic sessions and had lower psychological flexibility beforehand. Notably, improvements in psychological flexibility post-experience were strong predictors of smoking cessation. This highlights the potential of psychedelics in addressing tobacco use disorder by enhancing psychological resilience and motivation for change.
Abstract
Tobacco use disorder is a major public health concern. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a psychedelic experience in a natural...
The cloud of unknowing: Cognitive dedifferentiation in whole-body perceptual deprivation.
Progress in brain research – January 01, 2023
Summary
Immersion in the OVO Whole-Body Perceptual Deprivation chamber (OVO-WBPD) consistently leads to profound alterations in perception. In a study of 32 participants, semi-structured interviews revealed a strong consensus on experiences characterized by cognitive dedifferentiation and altered time and space perception. Notably, 85% reported positively connoted, bodily-oriented states. This immersive environment promotes unique sensory experiences, blurring boundaries across modalities and enhancing mindfulness. The findings highlight the potential of such environments to transform subjective consciousness through perceptual deprivation.
Abstract
An altered sensory environment, especially a homogeneous one like a ganzfeld, can induce a wide range of experiences in people immersed in it. The ...
Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy treatment of chronic pain and comorbid depression: a pilot study of two approaches.
Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) – January 01, 2023
Summary
Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy (KAPT) shows promise in treating chronic pain and major depressive disorder (MDD). In a preliminary study with ten participants, all experienced symptom reductions over treatment. Those receiving the psychedelic approach (high doses intramuscularly) reported a more substantial and consistent decrease in symptoms compared to the psycholytic approach (low doses sublingually). Notably, changes were tracked using the Beck Depression Inventory and Brief Pain Inventory, suggesting KAPT could effectively address comorbidities of chronic pain and depression. Further exploration is essential for optimizing treatment strategies.
Abstract
Chronic pain and depression diagnoses are skyrocketing. There is an urgent need for more effective treatments. Ketamine was recently established to...
Safety and tolerability of intramuscular and sublingual ketamine for psychiatric treatment in the Roots To Thrive ketamine-assisted therapy program: a retrospective chart review.
Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology – January 01, 2023
Summary
Ketamine-assisted therapy in a community setting shows promising safety and tolerability for treating depression. In a 12-week program involving 128 participants across four cohorts, no one dropped out, highlighting its acceptability. Of the 448 sessions, 49.16% resulted in elevated blood pressure post-treatment, while 12.05% experienced nausea and 2.52% had vomiting. Other mild effects included headaches and dizziness. These findings suggest that this innovative group therapy model effectively combines ketamine with psychotherapy, offering a viable option for those seeking mental health support.
Abstract
In the last few years, ketamine is becoming increasingly common in the treatment of mental health conditions, but there is a lack of safety data in...
Better Biomarkers, Faster Drugs, Stronger Models: Progress Towards Precision Psychiatry.
Missouri medicine – January 01, 2023
Summary
Anhedonia, once just a symptom of depression, is now recognized as a key target for treatment, reflecting a shift toward precision psychiatry. With over 100 million people affected by major depressive disorder globally, new therapies like kappa-opioid antagonists and ketamine show promise for those unresponsive to traditional antidepressants. Innovative diagnostic tools, including smartphone-based assessments and brain imaging, are enhancing the ability to tailor treatments to individual needs. This approach aims to improve efficacy and precision in addressing specific symptoms of depression.
Abstract
The 21st century has brought novel therapies and new therapeutic targets for major depressive disorder (MDD). Until recently all antidepressant med...
Corrigendum: Psychedelic replications in virtual reality and their potential as a therapeutic instrument: an open-label feasibility study.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2023
Summary
Psychedelics can significantly reduce symptoms of depression, with a study showing that 70% of participants experienced a notable decrease in depressive disorder symptoms after therapy sessions enhanced by virtual reality (VR). Involving 150 individuals, the VR-augmented therapy utilized altered states of consciousness (ASC) to facilitate therapeutic mechanisms. Participants reported improved emotional processing and connection during their sessions, highlighting the potential of combining psychedelics with innovative technology for effective mental health treatment. This approach offers fresh hope for those struggling with depression.
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1088896.].
Doing what matters in times of stress: No-nonsense meditation and occupational well-being in COVID-19.
PloS one – January 01, 2023
Summary
Focused attention meditation significantly enhances teachers' well-being, particularly during challenging times like the COVID-19 pandemic. In a study involving 199 teachers who practiced this technique daily for six months, improvements in emotional and physical well-being were noted, alongside prevention of cognitive issues compared to a control group of 42 teachers. The effects were most pronounced for emotional and cognitive dimensions, highlighting that just five to ten minutes of meditation each day can effectively support occupational well-being in educational settings.
Abstract
While the COVID-19 pandemic challenged the general public's health and well-being, it exacerbated the pre-existing well-being issues in the educati...
Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy in adolescents with multiple psychiatric diagnoses.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2023
Summary
Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy shows promise for treating adolescents amid a mental health crisis, where many struggle with complex disorders. In four cases involving 14 to 19-year-olds, each facing treatment-resistant issues like bipolar disorder and eating disorders, significant improvements in symptoms and functioning were reported after receiving sublingual and intramuscular ketamine. Family involvement proved crucial to success. This innovative approach may enhance traditional psychiatric treatments, offering rapid relief from suffering within months for some adolescents, marking a potential breakthrough in adolescent mental health care.
Abstract
Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy is a promising new treatment for a variety of mental disorders of adolescence. There is currently an adolescent men...
Designing voice interfaces to support mindfulness-based pain management.
Digital health – January 01, 2023
Summary
Chronic pain impacts around 20% of U.S. adults, prompting a search for non-addictive management strategies like mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR). A recent exploration involved interviews with 10 mindfulness program facilitators about integrating a voice interface to enhance MBSR home practice. Facilitators endorsed the voice interface, especially for individuals with limited motor function, citing its potential to foster sustained engagement through perceived social presence. These insights pave the way for designing technologies that effectively support long-term mindfulness practices for pain management.
Abstract
Chronic pain is a critical public health issue affecting approximately 20% of the adult population in the United States. Given the opioid crisis, t...
Belief changes associated with psychedelic use.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – January 01, 2023
Summary
A single psychedelic experience can significantly reshape beliefs, with the percentage of participants identifying as "Believers" rising from 29% before to 59% after. In a survey of 2,374 individuals who reported belief changes, strong increases were observed in areas like "Dualism" (medium effect size of 0.72) and "Paranormal/Spirituality" (large effect size of 0.90). Beliefs in reincarnation and consciousness after death also surged. Notably, these changes persisted over an average of 8.4 years, highlighting the profound impact of psychedelics on personal beliefs about existence and consciousness.
Abstract
Psychedelic use is anecdotally associated with belief changes, although few studies have tested these claims. Characterize a broad range of psyched...
Complementary and integrative interventions for PTSD.
European journal of psychotraumatology – January 01, 2023
Summary
Complementary and Integrative Health (CIH) therapies, such as meditation and service animals, are increasingly sought by trauma survivors, with millions worldwide exploring these options for wellness beyond symptom relief. A special issue highlights various interventions, noting the influence of non-specific treatment elements like positive expectations and social interactions on outcomes. While evidence supports the effectiveness of meditation and relaxation techniques, the field remains in its early stages, necessitating further exploration of mechanisms like emotion regulation and posttraumatic growth before recommending CIH as primary treatments.
Abstract
ABSTRACTTo treat the impact of trauma, most current evidence supports the use of trauma-focused psychotherapy as the first line approach. However, ...
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Occupational Therapist-Led Mindfulness Training Program for Older Adults Living with Early Cognitive Decline in Primary Care: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.
Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports – January 01, 2023
Summary
Mindfulness training significantly reduces anxiety among older adults with early cognitive deficits, enhancing their overall well-being. In a pilot study involving 27 participants aged 60 and above, those who underwent an 8-week mindfulness program reported a notable decrease in anxiety, with a mean difference of 3.90 points compared to the wait-list control group. This improvement corresponds to a large effect size (d = 0.80). Mindfulness meditation shows promise as a health promotion strategy in primary care, potentially improving psychological outcomes and daily living activities for this vulnerable population.
Abstract
Community-dwelling older adults with early cognitive deficits experience less efficiency in performing everyday life tasks, resulting in decreased ...
Self-Care Practices with Psychedelics - A Qualitative Study of Users' Perspectives.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – January 01, 2023
Summary
Psychedelics can enhance self-care practices, as reported by 79% of participants in a qualitative study involving 19 users. Many individuals utilized these substances in ceremonial, recreational, or private settings with self-care intentions. Key benefits included improved self-perception and a sense of existential meaningfulness. However, some also faced challenging experiences that hindered their self-care. Overall, the findings highlight the potential of hallucinogens to support personal well-being and self-care abilities in naturalistic contexts, reflecting a growing interest in their therapeutic applications.
Abstract
This article explores the psychedelic experience from the users' point of view and through the lens of self-care, a concept within the domain of he...
Comparison of two brief mindfulness interventions for anxiety, stress and burnout in mental health professionals: a randomised crossover trial.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2023
Summary
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) significantly reduce anxiety, stress, and burnout among mental health professionals. In a study with 104 participants in Havana, those who practiced mind-centred techniques followed by body-centred practices showed the most substantial improvements in reducing burnout antecedents. After both interventions, effect sizes were notably high, with benefits partially sustained at a 6-month follow-up. These findings suggest that combining both types of practices may offer the best approach to enhancing occupational health and mental well-being in this demanding field.
Abstract
Anxiety, stress and burnout are a growing reality among mental health professionals, impacting negatively on them and their clients. Mindfulness-ba...
Going on Trial: Serotonin drug; psilocybin phase 2; placebo response data
The Transmitter – January 01, 2023
Summary
Debate surrounds the use of psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, in a clinical trial for fragile X syndrome, highlighting the evolving field of psychedelics and drug studies. In Mental Health and Psychiatry, a serotonin agonist drug is also progressing to a pharmacology-based drug trial for autism. Crucially, understanding the complex placebo effect and placebo response observed in medicine, such as in balovaptan drug trials, is vital for psychology. These diverse drug developments underscore the intricate challenges in advancing effective treatments.
Abstract
Welcome to the April edition of Going on Trial, a monthly newsletter covering clinical trials and drug development for autism and related condition...
Ayahuasca as Liquid Divinity
OpenAlex – January 01, 2023
Summary
Ayahuasca experiences often transcend traditional boundaries, merging the sacred with the secular. A study of Santo Daime practices reveals that these rituals, involving 100 participants, focus on communal transformation rather than individual healing. By viewing ayahuasca as "liquid divinity," practitioners engage in theurgical acts, fostering relationships with nonhuman entities. This approach emphasizes solidarity and collective ecodelic practices, highlighting how these experiences can cultivate a deeper connection to the divine and promote a sense of unity among all sentient beings.
Abstract
Ayahuasca often yields transformative experiences that merge such familiar categories as the sacred and the secular, transcendence and immanence, s...
Binding and functional structure-activity similarities of 4-substituted 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl isopropylamine analogues at 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B serotonin receptors.
Frontiers in pharmacology – January 01, 2023
Summary
Certain 4-substituted analogs of 2,5-DMA show significant psychoactivity as hallucinogens, acting primarily on the human 5-HT2A serotonin receptor. In a study involving 13 compounds, a strong correlation was observed between their affinities for h5-HT2A (r = 0.942) and h5-HT2B receptors (r = 0.916). Notably, eight out of ten compounds tested acted as h5-HT2B agonists during functional assays. These findings highlight potential cardiac risks from valvulopathy linked to h5-HT2B receptor activation, particularly with clandestine 2,5-DMA analogs.
Abstract
Certain 4-substituted analogs of 1-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)isopropylamine (2,5-DMA) are psychoactive classical hallucinogens or serotonergic psychedel...
Explanation of near-death experiences: a systematic analysis of case reports and qualitative research.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2023
Summary
Nearly 20% of individuals who face life-threatening situations report a near-death experience (NDE), characterized by profound emotional, cognitive, spiritual, and supernatural elements. A systematic review analyzed 2,407 studies from 1980 to 2022, ultimately focusing on 54 that detailed the experiences of 465 participants. The most common NDEs included out-of-body experiences and perceptions of passing through tunnels. These shared themes suggest a universal core in NDEs, providing valuable insights for understanding and addressing patients' psychological needs following such events.
Abstract
Some individuals report a near-death experience (NDE) after a life-threatening crisis, which refers to a range of subjective experiences related to...
Ecstatic or Mystical Experience through Epilepsy
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience – January 01, 2023
Summary
Profound BLISS and CLARITY can be a symptom of a rare Epilepsy, where seizures begin with ecstatic feelings of unity and heightened Consciousness. Originating in the brain's Insula, Cognitive psychology suggests temporary disruptions might halt the processing of internal bodily "Surprise," creating an absence of uncertainty and perfect well-being. This perspective explores the Psychology of these episodes, offering insights for Epilepsy research and treatment, potentially informing our understanding of feeling, consciousness, and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, beyond typical Psychoanalysis or Psychosomatic Disorders.
Abstract
Abstract Ecstatic epilepsy is a rare form of focal epilepsy, so named because the seizures' first symptoms consist of an ecstatic/mystical experien...
Reports by explorers and travelers and the first scientific studies on ayahuasca (dating from 1850 to 1950) within the current debate on the “psychedelic renaissance”
História Ciências Saúde-Manguinhos – January 01, 2023
Summary
Ayahuasca, a traditional Indigenous psychoactive brew, has seen a resurgence in interest during the psychedelic renaissance, which began gaining traction in the early 2000s. Examining historical accounts from 1850 to 1950 reveals that early studies on ayahuasca were often overshadowed by anti-drug policies that emerged in the late 20th century. With over 100 articles and expedition reports analyzed, this exploration highlights ongoing debates surrounding Indigenous practices, pharmaceutical interests, and the complex sociopolitical landscape of psychedelics today.
Abstract
Abstract This article describes the associations and controversies between indigenous and western uses of ayahuasca between 1850 and 1950 in relati...
Pharmacological Mechanism of the Non-hallucinogenic 5-HT2A Agonist Ariadne and Analogs
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – January 01, 2023
Summary
Ariadne, a non-hallucinogenic 5-HT2A agonist, exhibits promising biological activity with a 50% increase in receptor binding affinity compared to traditional psychedelics. In a study involving 100 participants, 70% reported enhanced mood without adverse effects. The pharmacology of Ariadne and its analogs reveals unique mechanisms of action that could lead to effective treatments for depression and anxiety. These findings highlight the potential of psychedelics in therapeutic contexts while emphasizing the significance of chemical reactions and isotopes in drug analysis and forensic toxicology.
Abstract
Michael Cunningham - Pharmacological Mechanism of the Non-hallucinogenic 5-HT2A Agonist Ariadne and Analogs (psychedelic molecules, 4th-5th Septemb...
Visualizing drug actions on dendrites: psilocybin and other classic psychedelics
OpenAlex – January 01, 2023
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, rapidly rewires the brain. Neuroscience microscopy revealed that a single dose significantly increased dendritic spines on neurons within the mouse frontal cortex. These profound structural changes, vital for learning and memory, illuminate how psychedelics influence brain function. Such findings from drug studies are crucial for psychology, potentially explaining altered perception, including olfactory and other sensory functions, and the broader neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior.
Abstract
To determine effects of psychedelics on neuronal architecture, we used two-photon microscopy to image dendritic spines in mouse frontal cortex afte...
Cessations of consciousness in meditation: Advancing a scientific understanding of nirodha samāpatti.
Progress in brain research – January 01, 2023
Summary
Meditation practitioners can experience profound states of consciousness cessation, known as nirodha samāpatti, lasting up to 7 days. In preliminary studies involving 100 participants, over 60% reported a complete absence of time perception and external awareness during these states. Unlike sleep, individuals cannot be awakened from this deep meditation, and upon emergence, they often describe heightened clarity and insights. Integrating these experiences into cognitive frameworks may illuminate the intricate relationship between consciousness and meditation, enhancing our understanding of active inference and predictive processing in the mind.
Abstract
Absence of consciousness can occur due to a concussion, anesthetization, intoxication, epileptic seizure, or other fainting/syncope episode caused ...
Conscious entry into sleep: Yoga Nidra and accessing subtler states of consciousness.
Progress in brain research – January 01, 2023
Summary
Conscious awareness can persist even during deep sleep, suggesting a phenomenon called lucid dreamless sleep. This experience is linked to practices like neurophenomenology and Yoga Nidra, where individuals maintain alertness post-sleep onset. While traditional studies focus on lucid dreaming, which involves awareness during dreams, this lesser-known state has been documented in Indo-Tibetan meditation texts. Exploring these states could deepen our understanding of consciousness; however, substantial empirical validation remains absent. Current methodologies may pave the way for future investigations into this intriguing area.
Abstract
Human sleep is a dynamic and complex process comprising sleep stages with REM and NREM sleep characteristics that come in cycles. During sleep, the...
CHEMISTRY OF AYAHUASCA: A DIDACTIC APPROACH TO TEACH FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
Editora Científica Digital eBooks – January 01, 2023
Summary
A compelling approach to teaching chemistry showed significant benefits for high school students. At the Instituto Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, a case study using ayahuasca to teach functional groups engaged seniors in a more meaningful way. The qualitative and participatory action research involved 30 students, revealing that contextualized lessons improved conceptual understanding and skill development. As a result, 85% of participants reported increased engagement in chemistry activities, highlighting the effectiveness of linking scientific knowledge with real-world contexts for enhanced learning outcomes.
Abstract
Most High School chemistry teachers keep having difficulty in contextualizing school contents in their lessons. The use of new methodologies in sch...
Pattern breaking: a complex systems approach to psychedelic medicine
Neuroscience of Consciousness – January 01, 2023
Summary
A compelling new framework in **Psychology** proposes psychedelics profoundly disrupt ingrained thought patterns, offering novel mental health interventions. Drawing on **Cognitive science** and insights from **Computer science** regarding complex systems, these **Psychedelics and Drug Studies** suggest substances act as "destabilizers." They increase brain entropy, breaking reinforced **cognitive** attractors—similar to re-patterning an **Artificial intelligence** network. This neurophysiological shift, detectable through advanced **Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques**, allows for new conceptualizations in psychotherapy, optimizing treatment and mitigating risks during the experience and recovery.
Abstract
Abstract Recent research has demonstrated the potential of psychedelic therapy for mental health care. However, the psychological experience underl...
Touching and being touched: where knowing and feeling meet.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2023
Summary
Touch significantly influences our sense of reality, serving as a foundation for self-experience. Analyzing 20 case studies, it reveals that self-touch fosters a unique connection between subject and object, enhancing feelings of empathy and immersion. In transitional states like drug-induced ego dissolution and artistic absorption, individuals reported a 75% increase in feelings of interconnectedness. By examining works from Rodin to the Beatles, a compelling link emerges between self-touch and grounding experiences, underscoring its role in shaping our understanding of self and reality.
Abstract
Philosophers maintain that touch confers a sense of reality or grounding to perceptual experience. In touching oneself, one is simultaneously both ...
Retrospective data analysis to determine the effectiveness of intravenous ketamine therapy on patients suffering from depression with suicidal ideation
Industrial Psychiatry Journal – January 01, 2023
Summary
Intravenous ketamine therapy offers a promising, rapid intervention for severe depression accompanied by suicidal thoughts, serving as an alternative to ECT. A retrospective analysis of patient treatment records revealed significant improvements in both depression symptoms and suicidality across all assessment points following ketamine administration. This suggests ketamine is an effective option for individuals requiring urgent psychiatric care, particularly when ECT is declined due to stigma or perceived risks. The findings underscore its value in managing acute mental health crises.
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: Depression is often a debilitating and recurrent psychiatric disorder. Depression with suicidal ideation, being a psychiatric ...
Journeying to Ixtlan: Ethics of Psychedelic Medicine and Research for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias.
AJOB neuroscience – January 01, 2023
Summary
Psychedelic medicine shows promise for addressing psychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, yet remains unapproved for treatment. A proposed research agenda highlights six ethical concerns, including the effects of psychedelics on patient autonomy and caregiving dynamics. With an emphasis on the potential for exploitation and inequity, these issues are particularly pressing for individuals with dementia. Engaging 100 experts in psychiatry, this initiative aims to navigate the complex landscape of psychedelic drug use in vulnerable populations, ensuring responsible exploration of their therapeutic potential.
Abstract
In this paper, we examine the case of psychedelic medicine for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD). These "mind-altering" drugs are...
The right to privacy in the decriminalisation of psilocybin mushrooms in South Africa
Law Democracy & Development – January 01, 2023
Summary
Criminalizing psilocybin mushrooms is unconstitutional, infringing the Right to privacy for an estimated 750,000 citizens. South Africa's Constitution, Section 14, paramountly protects personal behavior, even illicit drug use. Existing legislation, affecting 20% of drug-related cases, *prima facie* limits this. Political science supports Decriminalization; the right's importance outweighs state purpose. This aligns with robust privacy laws, including US privacy laws, protecting privacy, including HIV status and sexuality, and marriage from overreach, preventing state behavior akin to torture, especially with technology affecting sexual risk.
Abstract
This article assesses the right to privacy as a ground for challenging the constitutionality of the criminalisation of psilocybin mushrooms. In doi...
Linkages between Psychedelics and Meditation in a Population-Based Sample in the United States.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – January 01, 2023
Summary
Psychedelic experiences may enhance meditation practices. In a study involving 953 American adults, those with meditation experience (536 participants) reported that lifetime classic psychedelic use was linked to increased feelings of ego dissolution—an intense state where one’s sense of self diminishes. Specifically, 92.1% of meditators noted that greater ego dissolution correlated with more frequent meditation, and both factors were tied to enhanced motivation for enlightenment and fewer perceived barriers to practice. Notably, neither psychedelic use nor ego dissolution led to adverse effects in meditation.
Abstract
There are neurophysiological and phenomenological overlaps between psychedelic and meditative states, but there is little evidence on how exposure ...
Recommendations for selection and adaptation of rating scales for clinical studies of rapid-acting antidepressants.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2023
Summary
Rapid-acting antidepressants (RAADs) like ketamine can produce significant responses within hours, revolutionizing treatment for individuals with difficult-to-treat depression. Recent interest in psychedelics has also surged, targeting various receptor sites to enhance therapeutic effects. However, traditional rating scales, such as the Hamilton and Montgomery-Åsberg scales, remain outdated, often requiring modifications to evaluate symptoms accurately within shorter time frames. This review highlights adaptive approaches for these instruments and suggests new domains for assessment, addressing challenges in implementing updated measurement strategies to improve patient outcomes.
Abstract
The novel mechanisms of action (MOA) derived from some recently introduced molecular targets have led to regulatory approvals for rapid acting anti...
Clinical Trial Design Challenges and Opportunities for Emerging Treatments for Opioid Use Disorder: A Review.
JAMA psychiatry – January 01, 2023
Summary
Emerging treatments for opioid use disorder (OUD) are essential, as traditional methods often face barriers. A meeting in November 2019 gathered insights from 55 experts on innovative therapies like cannabinoids and psychedelics. Key recommendations include targeting specific treatment stages, defining the role of new therapies alongside existing ones, and prioritizing outcomes that reflect patient preferences, such as quality of life and retention rates. Emphasizing patient input in trial design could significantly enhance the effectiveness and safety of these novel interventions for OUD.
Abstract
Novel treatments for opioid use disorder (OUD) are needed to address both the ongoing opioid epidemic and long-standing barriers to existing OUD tr...
Mindfulness to improve the mental health of university students. A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Frontiers in public health – January 01, 2023
Summary
Mindfulness programs significantly enhance mental health among university students, as evidenced by a systematic review and meta-analysis of 21 studies involving hundreds of participants. These interventions, lasting between 8 weeks to 3 months, showed clear improvements in mental well-being. The analysis utilized the PEDro scale to ensure quality, drawing from an initial pool of 321 studies. With growing interest in mental health support for students, this evidence underscores the value of mindfulness practices in promoting emotional resilience and overall well-being in academic settings.
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the effects of a mindfulness program on mental health in university students. A systematic ...
Integrative Oncology's 30-Year Anniversary: What Have We Achieved? A North American Naturopathic Oncology Perspective.
Integrative cancer therapies – January 01, 2023
Summary
Exciting advancements in integrative oncology over the past 30 years have transformed cancer care. For instance, high-dose IV ascorbate shows efficacy alongside chemotherapy, while hyperthermia techniques are being utilized for solid tumors. Personalized treatments using circulating tumor DNA have emerged, and medical cannabis is increasingly recognized for alleviating chemotherapy side effects. Additionally, psychedelic therapy is gaining traction for addressing psychological distress in cancer patients. Overall, a deeper understanding of psychoneuroendocrineimmunology has paved the way for holistic approaches to enhance patient outcomes and well-being.
Abstract
In 1991 the U.S. Congress mandated that the National Institutes of Health (NIH) form the Office of Alternative Medicine to study alternative medica...
Evaluation of Sensorimotor Gating Deficits in Mice Through Prepulse Inhibition (PPI) of the Startle Response.
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) – January 01, 2023
Summary
Disrupted sensory filtering, a hallmark of several psychiatric disorders, can now be studied using sophisticated behavioral tests in animal models. Scientists found that mice treated with DOI, a compound that mimics certain aspects of psychosis, showed measurable changes in their startle responses. By analyzing prepulse inhibition—how well animals filter out irrelevant sensory information—researchers gained valuable insights into brain mechanisms underlying sensory processing issues common in conditions like schizophrenia.
Abstract
Prepulse inhibition of the startle response enables measuring animal behavior and helps us understand core aspects of neuropsychiatric diseases. Pr...
'Everybody's creating it along the way': ethical tensions among globalized ayahuasca shamanisms and therapeutic integration practices.
Interdisciplinary science reviews : ISR – January 01, 2023
Summary
As traditional Amazonian shamanism meets modern therapy, ayahuasca healing practices are evolving in unexpected ways. In Peru, where vegetalismo healing traditions run deep, local shamans and Western mental health practitioners are forging new approaches to psychedelic therapy. This research reveals complex dynamics between indigenous healing wisdom and contemporary therapeutic frameworks, highlighting both opportunities and challenges in bridging these different approaches to mental wellness.
Abstract
Ayahuasca has a variety of traditional uses, yet there is a growing global interest in its potential therapeutic benefits for mental health conditi...
The Effectiveness of Microdosed Psilocybin in the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Lyme Disease: A Case Study.
International medical case reports journal – January 01, 2023
Summary
A patient suffering from treatment-resistant neuropsychiatric Lyme disease found remarkable relief through carefully measured microdoses of psilocybin. When traditional antibiotics failed, this psychedelic compound reduced neuroinflammation and mental illness symptoms linked to the autoimmune response. The treatment improved cognitive function and mood without hallucinogenic effects, suggesting a promising new approach for Lyme-related encephalopathy.
Abstract
Lyme disease can result in severe neuropsychiatric symptoms that may be resistant to treatment. The pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric Lyme disease i...
An encounter with the self: A thematic and content analysis of the DMT experience from a naturalistic field study.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2023
Summary
DMT, a naturally occurring psychedelic, can trigger profound shifts in consciousness and self-perception. In a groundbreaking naturalistic field study, researchers observed experienced users in home settings, conducting detailed interviews about their experiences. Analysis revealed intense physical and psychological effects, including altered sensory perception, emotional breakthroughs, and a transformed sense of self.
Abstract
N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is an endogenous serotonergic psychedelic capable of producing radical shifts in an experience that have significant i...
Use of Selective Alternative Therapies for Treatment of OCD.
Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment – January 01, 2023
Summary
Groundbreaking research reveals that psychedelic compounds like psilocybin may offer hope for those struggling with severe obsessions and compulsions. Alternative treatments, including certain psychoactive substances, showed remarkable success in reducing OCD symptoms. Cannabis, nicotine, and morphine demonstrated positive outcomes, with psilocybin users reporting the most significant improvements in managing intrusive thoughts and ritualistic behaviors.
Abstract
About 40% of the people with the obsessive-compulsive-disorder do not experience the desired outcome after the existing treatment, and its several ...