795 results for "DMT"
N, N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) in rodent brain: Concentrations, distribution, and recent pharmacological data.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry – March 20, 2025
Summary
DMT, a naturally occurring compound in the brain, plays a fascinating dual role in both stress response and brain development. Research reveals this molecule binds to specific receptors in the Golgi apparatus of brain cells, promoting neuroplasticity and healthy neurodevelopment. When stress occurs, DMT levels increase naturally, suggesting it acts as part of the body's adaptive response system. These findings explain how DMT influences brain function and may contribute to therapeutic benefits.
Abstract
Renewed interest in the clinical use of psychedelic drugs acknowledges their therapeutic effectiveness. It has also provided a changing frame of re...
5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) used in a naturalistic group setting is associated with unintended improvements in depression and anxiety.
The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse – January 01, 2019
Summary
Remarkably, a substantial majority of individuals using the psychedelic tryptamine 5-MeO-DMT in group settings reported significant relief from depression and anxiety. Researchers surveyed 362 people who used 5-MeO-DMT with structured guidance. Findings revealed 80% of those with depression and 79% with anxiety experienced improvement. These positive outcomes were strongly linked to intense mystical experiences, suggesting the profound subjective effects of this unique tryptamine contribute to its potential benefits.
Abstract
A recent epidemiological study suggested that 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) used for spiritual and recreational reasons is associate...
The serotonin hallucinogen 5-MeO-DMT alters cortico-thalamic activity in freely moving mice: Regionally-selective involvement of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors.
Neuropharmacology – November 01, 2018
Summary
Serotonin hallucinogens like 5-meo-dmt offer insights into treating mood disorders and visual hallucinations. Researchers explored how 5-meo-dmt affects cortico-thalamic activity in freely moving mice. They observed significant alterations, particularly in cortical areas, increasing brain region connectivity. Importantly, blocking the 5-ht(1a) receptor in mice lacking the 5-ht(2a) receptor prevented many effects. This highlights 5-meo-dmt's positive impact on brain circuits, mediated by both 5-ht(1a) and 5-ht(2a) receptors, suggesting new therapeutic avenues.
Abstract
5-MeO-DMT is a natural hallucinogen acting as serotonin 5-HT1A/5-HT2A receptor agonist. Its ability to evoke hallucinations could be used to study ...
The clinical pharmacology and potential therapeutic applications of 5‐methoxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine (5‐MeO‐DMT)
Journal of Neurochemistry – February 12, 2022
Summary
Single exposure to the naturally occurring tryptamine 5-MeO-DMT shows promise for rapid, sustained reductions in anxiety and depression symptoms. This potent psychedelic acts as an agonist on specific neurotransmitter receptors, influencing behavior and inducing short-lasting "peak" experiences, a key predictor in psychology. One clinical trial confirmed safety for vaporized doses up to 18 mg. Its rapid pharmacology and short duration make it appealing for medicine, attracting biotech interest for commercial development in brain disorders. Understanding its neurophysiological mechanisms is crucial.
Abstract
Abstract 5‐methoxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine (5‐MeO‐DMT) is a naturally occurring tryptamine that primarily acts as an agonist at the 5‐HT1A and 5‐HT2...
Clinical Pharmacokinetics of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT): A Systematic Review and Post-hoc Analysis.
Clinical pharmacokinetics – February 01, 2025
Summary
DMT, a naturally occurring compound being explored for mental health treatment, is one of the fastest-acting psychedelics known, taking effect in minutes. Research shows it's rapidly processed by the body, with effects lasting only 5-20 minutes. The compound spreads widely throughout body tissues and transforms quickly into inactive substances, explaining its brief but intense effects. These findings help explain DMT's unique properties and guide its potential therapeutic use.
Abstract
N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is currently being studied for its therapeutic potential in various psychiatric disorders. An understanding of its pha...
Understanding Neuroplasticity Induced by Tryptamines (UNITy): Understanding Neuroplasticity Induced by Tryptamines: Rewiring Maladaptive Memories in Hazardous Drinking with Memory Reactivation and Dimethyltryptamine (DMT)
Open Science Framework – October 20, 2025
Summary
DMT may significantly alter drinking behaviors in individuals with mild Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). In a study involving up to 120 participants, groups received either DMT or placebo alongside memory retrieval tasks. Over nine months, researchers will track changes in drinking levels through various methods, including blood tests and cognitive assessments. By exploring the effects of DMT on memory reconsolidation, this comprehensive approach aims to uncover lasting changes in cognition and mood, potentially offering new insights into addiction treatment through neuroscience and psychology.
Abstract
This study examines the existence and mechanistic underpinnings of lasting neural, cognitive, and behavioural plasticity in response to N-N-dimethy...
A narrative synthesis of research with 5-MeO-DMT.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – March 01, 2022
Summary
A powerful classic psychedelic, 5-methoxy-n, n-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), is gaining attention for its profound effects. This short-acting hallucinogen, a tryptamine, consistently induces deep mystical experiences and shows promise for long-term mental well-being. A comprehensive review of existing literature, including animal models and epidemiological data, highlights 5-MeO-DMT's unique ability to rapidly facilitate ego-dissolution. These findings suggest significant therapeutic potential for this intriguing compound.
Abstract
5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a naturally occurring, short-acting psychedelic tryptamine, produced by a variety of plant and anim...
Novel extended-release transdermal formulations of the psychedelic N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT).
European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences – August 01, 2024
Summary
Scientists have developed a groundbreaking skin patch that delivers DMT, a powerful psychedelic, in controlled doses. The extended-release transdermal system maintains steady, non-hallucinogenic levels of dimethyltryptamine in the body, showing promise as a practical treatment option. Testing revealed impressive 77% bioavailability and a 20-fold increase in the drug's duration compared to traditional methods, while avoiding intense psychedelic effects.
Abstract
There is considerable evidence from the literature that psychedelics, such as N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), are safe and effective treatments for d...
Acute effects of intravenous DMT in a randomized placebo-controlled study in healthy participants.
Translational psychiatry – May 23, 2023
Summary
Intravenous DMT can produce intense psychedelic experiences in just 2 minutes, yet effects completely subside within 15 minutes of stopping administration. In a groundbreaking trial with 27 healthy volunteers, researchers found that continuous infusion created more stable, manageable effects than single doses. Infusions produced fewer anxiety symptoms while maintaining therapeutic potential.
Abstract
N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is distinct among classic serotonergic psychedelics because of its short-lasting effects when administered intravenous...
An Encounter With the Other: A Thematic and Content Analysis of DMT Experiences From a Naturalistic Field Study
Frontiers in Psychology – December 16, 2021
Summary
Nearly all DMT users (94%) encounter "beings" and all (100%) experience "other worlds." This naturalistic field study, a first for Psychology, involved 36 participants (83% Caucasian males) inhaling 40-75 mg DMT at home. Immediate in-depth interviews allowed for thematic analysis and content analysis, revealing profound, intense experiences. This applied psychology insight into Psychedelics and Drug Studies, touching on cognitive and social psychology, details entities' roles and immersive scenes. Such naturalism in observation resonates with paranormal experiences and spiritual practices.
Abstract
Introduction: N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is an endogenous serotonergic psychedelic capable of producing radical shifts in conscious experience. I...
Molecular Docking, MM-GBSA, and Molecular Dynamics Approach: 5-MeO-DMT Analogues as Potential Antidepressants
Archives of Razi Institute – April 04, 2023
Summary
A promising avenue for treating major depression involves 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), which enhances serotonin levels and improves life satisfaction while reducing anxiety. In a study utilizing 70,000 analogues of 5-MeO-DMT, 14 compounds demonstrated superior binding affinity to the 5-HT1AR receptor compared to standard 5-MeO-DMT, with binding affinities ranging from -11.41 to -6.53 kcal/mol versus -7.75 kcal/mol for 5-MeO-DMT. Additionally, 18 compounds exhibited better binding free energy than the standard (-41.42 kcal/mol), indicating potential for effective antidepressant development.
Abstract
Since depression is a common mental illness affecting an estimated 5% of people worldwide, investigators are encouraged to develop effective antide...
An encounter with the self: A thematic and content analysis of the DMT experience from a naturalistic field study.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2023
Summary
DMT, a naturally occurring psychedelic, can trigger profound shifts in consciousness and self-perception. In a groundbreaking naturalistic field study, researchers observed experienced users in home settings, conducting detailed interviews about their experiences. Analysis revealed intense physical and psychological effects, including altered sensory perception, emotional breakthroughs, and a transformed sense of self.
Abstract
N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is an endogenous serotonergic psychedelic capable of producing radical shifts in an experience that have significant i...
Dynamic medial parietal and hippocampal deactivations under DMT relate to sympathetic output and altered sense of time, space, and the self.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology – August 12, 2024
Summary
DMT, a powerful psychedelic compound, temporarily alters brain activity in ways that profoundly affect our perception of time, space, and self. Using advanced brain imaging and EKG monitoring, researchers found that DMT creates unique dynamic brain states, particularly reducing activity in memory and self-awareness regions while increasing sensory processing. These changes correlate with elevated heart rate and altered self-referential processes.
Abstract
N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a serotonergic psychedelic, known to rapidly induce short-lasting alterations in conscious experience, characterize...
Fatalities following DMT use: Two case reports and a review of the literature.
Journal of analytical toxicology – July 09, 2025
Summary
Unexpected risks emerge when DMT is combined with other substances. Recent investigations into two UK fatalities found DMT present alongside multiple drugs, some known to boost serotonin. This suggests a critical risk of adverse reactions like serotonin syndrome from polydrug use. Caution is vital when mixing unregulated drugs or with prescribed medications.
Abstract
N, N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a hallucinogen found in the South American Psychotria viridis plant and is the major psychoactive ingredient in th...
5-MeO-DMT: An atypical psychedelic with unique pharmacology, phenomenology & risk?
Psychopharmacology – December 11, 2023
Summary
Unlike typical psychedelics, 5-MeO-DMT shows unique effects that may mirror temporal lobe seizure activity, offering clues to its therapeutic potential. This powerful compound acts strongly on 5-HT1A receptors and produces profound but brief psychedelic experiences. Users sometimes report flashbacks - spontaneous re-experiences that differ from those of other psychedelics, suggesting distinctive brain activity patterns similar to mild seizures.
Abstract
5-MeO-DMT is a tryptamine being developed as a potential antidepressant that may display a distinct therapeutic mechanism due to its unique pharmac...
Dynamic medial parietal and hippocampal deactivations under DMT relate to sympathetic output and altered sense of time, space, and the self
Imaging Neuroscience – April 16, 2025
Summary
Our sense of time and self can profoundly shift under altered states. Researchers mapped brain activity and heart rate in volunteers given DMT. They found immediate deactivations in brain areas linked to time, space, and self-referential processing, alongside increased activity in regions tied to hallucinations. Elevated heart rate, indicating sympathetic regulation, correlated with these brain changes. This suggests a chain linking sympathetic regulation to these brain deactivations, potentially fostering positive mental health outcomes related to self-referential processing.
Abstract
Abstract N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a serotonergic psychedelic, known to rapidly induce short-lasting alterations in conscious experience, cha...
Molecular Docking, MM-GBSA, and Molecular Dynamics Approach: 5-MeO-DMT Analogues as Potential Antidepressants.
Archives of Razi Institute – October 01, 2023
Summary
Scientists have identified promising new antidepressant compounds based on 5-MeO-DMT, a natural compound known to rapidly reduce depression symptoms. Using advanced molecular dynamics, researchers discovered 14 modified versions that bind more effectively to brain's 5-HT1AR receptors than the original compound, potentially offering faster relief with fewer side effects.
Abstract
Since depression is a common mental illness affecting an estimated 5% of people worldwide, investigators are encouraged to develop effective antide...
Intensity of Mystical Experiences Occasioned by 5-MeO-DMT and Comparison With a Prior Psilocybin Study
Frontiers in Psychology – December 06, 2018
Summary
A powerful hallucinogen, 5-MeO-DMT, reliably occasions profound mystical experiences, with 75% of 20 participants reporting a "complete mystical experience." This potent alkaloid, relevant to chemical synthesis in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, produced mystical intensity comparable to high-dose psilocybin. Its effects were significantly stronger than moderate psilocybin doses (d=0.81). This finding, crucial for Psychology, suggests its potential for clinical psychology and psychiatry due to its short duration, offering new therapeutic avenues.
Abstract
5-MeO-DMT is a psychoactive substance found in high concentrations in the bufotoxin of the Colorado River Toad (Bufo alvarius). Emerging evidence s...
5-MeO-DMT modifies innate behaviors and promotes structural neural plasticity in mice
OpenAlex – November 03, 2022
Summary
A compelling neuroscience finding reveals the short-acting hallucinogen 5-MeO-DMT profoundly impacts brain architecture. Unlike psilocybin, this serotonergic compound substantially increases dendritic spine density in a key brain region, driven by elevated spine formation, without affecting spine size. These insights from Psychedelics and Drug Studies, relevant to Psychology, suggest its unique mechanisms. It also suppresses social communication in mice. Understanding how this chemical synthesis and alkaloid influences neurotransmitter receptors offers new avenues for mental health, potentially involving subtle shifts in inhibitory postsynaptic potential.
Abstract
ABSTRACT Serotonergic psychedelics are gaining increasing interest as potential therapeutics for a range of mental illnesses. Compounds with short-...
A Model for the Application of Target-Controlled Intravenous Infusion for a Prolonged Immersive DMT Psychedelic Experience.
Frontiers in pharmacology – January 01, 2016
Summary
Imagine a state of consciousness where your reality is completely replaced by an "alternate universe" filled with complex visual hallucinations. This unique experience, often induced by dimethyltryptamine (DMT), typically lasts under 20 minutes. Researchers explored using pharmacokinetic modeling to adapt target-controlled intravenous infusion, a technique for stable drug delivery, to prolong this intense psychedelic drug experience. The goal was to allow for extended observation of its psychological contents. Findings suggest DMT's rapid onset and lack of tolerance make it ideal for this intravenous infusion method. This approach promises stable, prolonged experiences, potentially aiding in neuroimaging and developing new psychotherapeutic applications, building on insights from substances like ayahuasca.
Abstract
The state of consciousness induced by N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is one of the most extraordinary of any naturally-occurring psychedelic substanc...
Single-dose DMT reverses anhedonia and cognitive deficits via restoration of neurogenesis in a stress-induced depression model.
Translational psychiatry – January 29, 2026
Summary
A single dose of DMT (30 mg/kg) rapidly reversed depressive behaviors and restored cognitive function in a mouse model of depression, outperforming chronic fluoxetine across most measures. Administered after stress, it fully reversed symptoms. When given during stress, it mitigated depressive responses but not cognitive issues. DMT significantly boosted the integration of new brain cells, suggesting it actively repairs brain circuits. This positions DMT as a promising, fast-acting antidepressant targeting structural brain repair.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) remains a leading cause of disability worldwide, with current treatments limited by delayed onset and low efficacy....
Incilius alvarius cell-based synthesis of 5-MeO-DMT
OpenAlex – May 22, 2022
Summary
A sustainable source of 5-MeO-DMT, a promising compound for psychiatric treatment, has been developed using a cell line from the parotoid gland of the endangered Incilius alvarius toad. This innovative approach demonstrated successful biosynthesis of 5-MeO-DMT through chemical processes in vitro. Given that natural populations are under ecological threat due to habitat loss and demand, this method offers a cruelty-free alternative for producing 5-MeO-DMT, potentially supporting future psychedelics and drug studies while preserving biodiversity.
Abstract
Abstract There is growing interest in the therapeutic potential of 5-MeO-DMT (5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) for psychiatric disorders. While 5-...
The Breakthrough Experience: DMT Hyperspace and its Liminal Aesthetics
Anthropology of Consciousness – March 01, 2018
Summary
DMT, known for inducing out-of-body experiences and altering sensory perception, has gained popularity in recent years. An analysis of 300 user reports reveals that a "breakthrough" event often occurs during DMT use, characterized by encounters with perceived entities and the transmission of complex visual information. This experience, described as a journey through "hyperspace," is marked by its individualized and ritual-like nature. The findings highlight the transformative potential of DMT, shedding light on its psychological and sociological implications in understanding consciousness and perception.
Abstract
Abstract Known to produce out‐of‐body states and profound changes in sensory perception, mood, and thought, DMT (N,N‐dimethyltryptamine) is a poten...
Biosynthesis and Extracellular Concentrations of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) in Mammalian Brain.
Scientific reports – June 27, 2019
Summary
The mammalian brain may naturally produce the psychedelic compound DMT. Researchers discovered key enzymes for DMT synthesis, INMT and AADC, co-exist in rat and human brain regions. Crucially, DMT was found in rat brains at levels similar to neurotransmitters like serotonin. A significant surge occurred in the visual cortex after cardiac arrest, independent of the pineal gland. This robustly shows the rat brain synthesizes and releases DMT, suggesting a similar capability in humans.
Abstract
N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), a psychedelic compound identified endogenously in mammals, is biosynthesized by aromatic-L-amino acid decarboxylase (...
5-MeO-DMT modifies innate behaviors and promotes structural neural plasticity in mice.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology – August 01, 2023
Summary
A naturally-occurring compound found in some toads shows promise in rapidly reshaping brain connections. This powerful psychedelic, when administered to mice, quickly altered their social behaviors and increased neural connectivity in brain regions linked to emotional processing. The compound's effects were faster-acting than similar substances, with lasting positive changes in brain structure, particularly in the formation of new neural connections in the frontal cortex. These findings point to potential therapeutic applications where rapid intervention is beneficial.
Abstract
Serotonergic psychedelics are gaining increasing interest as potential therapeutics for a range of mental illnesses. Compounds with short-lived sub...
This is your brain on death: a comparative analysis of a near-death experience and subsequent 5-Methoxy-DMT experience.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2023
Summary
A profound near-death experience during encephalitis-induced coma shared remarkable similarities with the effects of the powerful psychedelic 5-MeO-DMT. Through thematic analysis, researchers found both experiences produced intense mystical states, including ego dissolution and transcendence of space-time. While endogenous compounds may play a role, unique NDE elements like life review suggest distinct neural mechanisms.
Abstract
Much research has focused on the modeling of the near-death experience (NDE) by classical and atypical psychedelics; however, to date, no study has...
This is your brain on death: a comparative analysis of a near-death experience and subsequent 5-Methoxy-DMT experience
CORE – June 29, 2023
Summary
A singular case reveals striking parallels between a profound near-death experience and a powerful psychedelic journey. Researchers interviewed an individual who survived a coma and later experienced 5-Methoxy-DMT, comparing the two events. The analysis uncovered significant overlap in themes, including ego dissolution and transcendence of time and space. Yet, the near-death event uniquely featured elements like life review and encounters with deceased loved ones. This suggests that while some brain mechanisms may overlap, the near-death experience might involve distinct processes, potentially linked to its specific medical origin.
Abstract
Introduction: Much research has focused on the modeling of the near-death experience (NDE) by classical and atypical psychedelics; however, to date...
Serotonergic psychedelic 5-MeO-DMT alters plasticity-related gene expression and generates anxiolytic effects in stressed mice
OpenAlex – December 28, 2023
Summary
A single high dose of the psychedelic 5-MeO-DMT significantly altered gene expression in key brain regions, impacting immediate early genes like Arc and Zif268. In a study involving stressed and naive mice, behavioral tests revealed mixed anxiolytic and anxiogenic effects; however, pre-treated stressed mice experienced lower corticosterone levels and notable anxiolytic responses. Notably, TRIP8b expression increased long-term in the ventral hippocampus CA1 region. These findings highlight 5-MeO-DMT's potential therapeutic role in anxiety and mood disorders through its molecular actions in the brain.
Abstract
Abstract Serotonergic psychedelics have potential therapeutic effects in treating anxiety and mood disorders, often after a single dose, and are su...
All-natural 5-MeO-DMT sigma receptor 1 agonist and its therapeutic impact in mental and neurodegener-ative diseases through mitochondrial activation
Science Reviews Biology – July 30, 2023
Summary
The sigma-1 receptor (S1R) plays a pivotal role in neuronal health, particularly in regulating mitochondrial function and cellular survival. In studies involving natural agonists like 5-MeO-DMT, significant effects were observed: participants reported up to 70% higher satisfaction with life and a notable reduction in depression and stress levels. Additionally, 5-MeO-DMT enhanced synaptic plasticity in neurons, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases. This highlights the importance of S1R in epigenetic modifications and its promise in improving mental health outcomes.
Abstract
The sigma-1 receptor S1R is a chaperone that resides mainly at the mitochondrion-associated endoplasmic reticulum ER membrane MAM, it is considered...
The protective effect of DMT against neurodegeneration.
International review of neurobiology – January 01, 2025
Summary
The molecule dimethyltryptamine (DMT) shows remarkable potential for neuroprotection. Researchers explored how DMT, by activating the sigma-1 receptor and serotonin pathways, could protect the brain. Preclinical studies revealed DMT's ability to mitigate ischemia-reperfusion injury, a key factor in conditions like stroke and brain ischemia. This suggests DMT may offer therapeutic benefits against neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, pointing to universal cellular protective mechanisms.
Abstract
This paper explores the therapeutic potential of DMT in neuroprotective strategies, particularly concerning ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and n...
Metabolism and disposition of N,N‐dimethyltryptamine and harmala alkaloids after oral administration of ayahuasca
Drug Testing and Analysis – April 19, 2012
Summary
Less than 1% of ingested DMT from ayahuasca is excreted unchanged, highlighting a complex metabolic process. In a study involving 10 healthy male volunteers, approximately 50% of the DMT was recovered as indole-3-acetic acid, with 10% as DMT-N-oxide. Overall, recovery of DMT and its metabolites reached 68%. Significant levels of harmol and harmalol were also found in urine, indicating that humans utilize multiple metabolic pathways for these alkaloids, beyond the expected monoamine-oxidase biotransformation.
Abstract
Ayahuasca is an Amazonian psychotropic plant tea obtained from Banisteriopsis caapi , which contains β ‐carboline alkaloids, chiefly harmine, harma...
Effects of DMT on mental health outcomes in healthy volunteers
Scientific Reports – February 07, 2024
Summary
Intravenous DMT significantly improved mental health, reducing depression within two weeks. This rapidly-acting psychedelic, a synthesized alkaloid related to Psilocybin, offers a practical alternative for psychiatry, potentially reducing treatment discontinuation. In a placebo-controlled group of 13, Neuroticism also decreased. Across 17 individuals, changes in anxiety and depression correlated with profound peak experiences, suggesting a psychopathology mechanism. While some generalizability is limited, its short duration makes it a promising medicine, influencing neurotransmitter receptors. This clinical psychology development could transform mental health.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, is being increasingly researched in clinical studies for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. T...
Neural and subjective effects of inhaled DMT in natural settings
OpenAlex – August 20, 2020
Summary
Mystical experiences during DMT use correlate with distinct brain activity shifts. Electroencephalography on 35 individuals revealed that inhaling this naturally occurring alkaloid decreased alpha oscillations (8-12 Hz) across the scalp while increasing delta (1-4 Hz) and gamma (30-40 Hz) activity. These profound changes in neural correlates of consciousness, studied within Neuroscience and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, offer insights into how neurotransmitter receptors influence behavior and psychology, potentially informing future medicine.
Abstract
Abstract Background N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a short acting psychedelic tryptamine found naturally in many plants and animals. Few studies t...
The natural hallucinogen 5-MeO-DMT, component of Ayahuasca, disrupts cortical function in rats: reversal by antipsychotic drugs
The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology – March 20, 2014
Summary
A potent hallucinogen from Ayahuasca, 5-MeO-DMT, profoundly disrupts brain function, offering neuroscience insights into Schizophrenia. It altered prefrontal cortex activity, increasing discharge in 51% and decreasing it in 35% of neurons, reducing low-frequency oscillations by 31%. This psychotomimetic action, resembling phencyclidine's NMDA receptor influence, was reversed by antipsychotics like atypical antipsychotic clozapine. Such psychedelics and drug studies, utilizing biochemical analysis, advance pharmacology and psychology, helping understand hallucinations and target new treatments.
Abstract
5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a natural hallucinogen component of Ayahuasca, an Amazonian beverage traditionally used for ritual,...
5-MeO-DMT
OpenAlex – May 01, 2025
Summary
5-MeO-DMT, a psychoactive compound derived from the Sonoran Desert toad and various plants, shows promise in alleviating anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms. In therapeutic settings, it has improved quality of life for many individuals facing serious diagnoses. However, side effects like adrenergic responses and reactivation phenomena can occur weeks later. With growing interest in its use within spiritual contexts, synthetic production could ensure standardized dosing while protecting natural toad populations from overharvesting. Legal ambiguity surrounds its status in the U.S. and Europe, necessitating careful consideration.
Abstract
Abstract 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a psychoactive compound found in the parotid gland venom of the Sonoran Desert toad, Incil...
Fabricated Ancestrality: The Sonoran Desert Toad, Psychedelic Globalization, and the Ecological Politics of 5-MeO-DMT
Psychedelics – March 01, 2026
Summary
Claims surrounding the ancestral use of toad-derived 5-MeO-DMT have surged globally, despite lacking historical and ethnographic evidence. This examination reveals that such narratives are part of a process called "ancestralization," where recent practices are presented as ancient to gain cultural legitimacy. In the context of increasing demand for these substances, ecological pressures on the Incilius alvarius population are rising. With a focus on ethical accountability and conservation, the analysis highlights the need for historical rigor in understanding these psychedelic movements and their environmental impacts.
Abstract
5-methoxy- N,N -dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a potent, short-acting psychedelic compound found in several South American plant species and in ...
The roles of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptors in the effects of 5-MeO-DMT on locomotor activity and prepulse inhibition in rats.
Psychopharmacology – December 01, 2006
Summary
Challenging a long-held belief, research revealed the 5-HT1A serotonin receptor significantly influences how the hallucinogen 5-MeO-DMT impacts movement and startle reflexes. In rats, 5-MeO-DMT reduced activity and altered startle responses. Crucially, blocking the 5-HT1A receptor completely reversed these effects, underscoring its pivotal role. This discovery highlights the 5-HT1A receptor's importance in understanding hallucinogen mechanisms, moving beyond the previous focus solely on 5-HT2 receptors.
Abstract
The hallucinogen 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is structurally similar to other indoleamine hallucinogens such as LSD. The present s...
The natural hallucinogen 5-MeO-DMT, component of Ayahuasca, disrupts cortical function in rats: reversal by antipsychotic drugs.
The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology – August 01, 2014
Summary
A natural hallucinogen, found in Ayahuasca, profoundly disrupts brain activity. Researchers discovered this substance altered rat brain function, reducing vital neural oscillations. Significantly, common antipsychotic drugs successfully reversed these disruptions. This suggests the brain changes are tied to the hallucinogen’s mind-altering effects, providing a valuable model for understanding hallucinations and advancing new treatment development.
Abstract
5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a natural hallucinogen component of Ayahuasca, an Amazonian beverage traditionally used for ritual,...
Use of Benefit Enhancement Strategies among 5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) Users: Associations with Mystical, Challenging, and Enduring Effects
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – March 09, 2020
Summary
A striking 78% of 5-MeO-DMT users reported employing benefit enhancement (BE) strategies to amplify positive effects while minimizing challenges. Analyzing data from 515 participants (average age 35.4; 79% male), it was found that those using BE strategies experienced significantly more intense mystical-type effects and lasting beliefs about personal meaning. Specifically, among 116 individuals who had used 5-MeO-DMT once, certain BE strategies were linked to reduced challenging experiences. This highlights the potential of BE strategies in enhancing the psychological and existential benefits of psychedelics.
Abstract
5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a potent, fast-acting psychedelic. Anecdotal reports from 5-MeO-DMT users suggest that they employ ...
Network control energy reductions under DMT relate to serotonin receptors, signal diversity, and subjective experience.
Communications biology – April 18, 2025
Summary
Psychedelic compound DMT reduces the energy needed for the brain to shift between different states, revealing fascinating links between brain chemistry and consciousness. Researchers tracked brain activity in 14 people during brief but intense DMT experiences. The findings showed that DMT lowered the brain's "control energy" - the effort required to change neural patterns. These energy changes matched both participants' reported intensity of experience and measured increases in brain signal complexity. Notably, the effects were strongest in brain regions rich in serotonin receptors, suggesting a direct link between the drug's chemical action and its impact on consciousness.
Abstract
Psychedelics offer a profound window into the human brain through their robust effects on perception, subjective experience, and brain activity pat...
The epidemiology of 5-methoxy- N, N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) use: Benefits, consequences, patterns of use, subjective effects, and reasons for consumption.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – July 01, 2018
Summary
Many users of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), a potent tryptamine, report profound positive effects. To better understand this compound's epidemiology, researchers surveyed 515 individuals about their experiences. Findings reveal that while most consume 5-MeO-DMT infrequently, they often seek spiritual or personal growth, reporting significant positive subjective effects and perceived benefits, highlighting its unique role among psychoactive tryptamines.
Abstract
5-Methoxy- N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a psychoactive compound found in several plants and in high concentrations in Bufo alvarius toad v...
Serotonergic psychedelic 5-MeO-DMT alters plasticity-related gene expression and generates anxiolytic effects in stressed mice.
Molecular psychiatry – January 01, 2025
Summary
A naturally-occurring compound found in some toads shows promise in reducing anxiety through brain chemistry changes. This fast-acting substance, 5-MeO-DMT, was found to modify gene expression in key brain regions and reduce stress responses in mice. When given before stressful situations, it lowered stress hormones and decreased anxiety-like behaviors. The compound altered several important brain signaling molecules, particularly in areas linked to emotional processing and memory, suggesting it may help the brain adapt better to stress.
Abstract
Serotonergic psychedelics have potential therapeutic effects in treating anxiety and mood disorders, often after a single dose, and are suggested t...
5-MeO-DMT for post-traumatic stress disorder: a real-world longitudinal case study
Frontiers in Psychiatry – November 23, 2023
Summary
A single dose of 5-MeO-DMT, a natural compound and alkaloid, dramatically improved chronic PTSD and reduced suicide risk in a 23-year-old female. This initial finding in clinical psychology suggests exciting potential for psychedelics in psychiatry and medicine. The 10-15 mg dose showed next-day effects sustained for 12 months. While promising for psychopathology, an adverse effect included acute nausea and night terrors. This Natural Compound Pharmacology Study highlights the need for careful consideration in drug studies involving chemical synthesis and alkaloids.
Abstract
Psychedelic therapy is, arguably, the next frontier in psychiatry. It offers a radical alternative to longstanding, mainstays of treatment, while e...
Phenomenology and content of the inhaled N, N-dimethyltryptamine (N, N-DMT) experience.
Scientific reports – May 24, 2022
Summary
Nearly half of individuals inhaling N,N-DMT reported encounters with entities, predominantly characterized as feminine (24.2%) or deities (17%). Analyzing 3,778 experiences from a decade on Reddit revealed a median dose of 40 mg and an experience duration of 10 minutes. Common somatic effects included somaesthesias (37.5%) and auditory ringing (15.4%). Visualizations often featured fractals and vivid colors. Positive interactions were noted in 34.9% of entity encounters, with many participants expressing feelings of beauty and profoundness during their experiences.
Abstract
Understanding the phenomenology and content of the inhaled N, N, dimethyltryptamine (N, N-DMT) experience is critical to facilitate and support ong...
Dimethyltryptamine (DMT): Prevalence, user characteristics and abuse liability in a large global sample
Journal of Psychopharmacology – November 27, 2013
Summary
DMT, a potent hallucinogen, offers an intense, short-lived psychedelic high with minimal negative effects, distinguishing it from drugs like psilocybin or Lysergic acid diethylamide. A survey of 22,289 individuals revealed 8.9% lifetime use. Among 472 participants, 24% were new users, suggesting increasing popularity. While its desirable effect profile indicates high abuse liability, a low urge for repeat use may offset this. This data from Drug Studies is vital for Psychology, Psychiatry, and Medicine, informing understanding of neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior and Forensic Toxicology.
Abstract
This paper presents original research on prevalence, user characteristics and effect profile of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), a potent hallucinogen...
Tentative identification of in vitro metabolites of O‐acetylpsilocin (psilacetin, 4‐AcO‐DMT) by UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap MS
Drug Testing and Analysis – March 21, 2022
Summary
The psychedelic tryptamine 4-AcO-DMT undergoes significant drug metabolism, yielding 15 distinct metabolites. Using *in vitro* human liver *microsomes* and advanced liquid *chromatography*-*Orbitrap mass spectrometry*, 12 phase I and 3 phase II *metabolites* were identified. Biotransformations included *hydroxylation*, *demethylation*, and conjugation with *glucuronic acid*. The hydrolysis *metabolite* was most abundant. This detailed *metabolic pathway chemistry* is crucial for *psychedelics and drug studies*, offering a beta-*hydroxylation* *metabolite* as a biomarker for *forensic toxicology and drug analysis*.
Abstract
Abstract 4‐Acetoxy‐ N , N ‐dimethyltryptamine (4‐AcO‐DMT, psilacetin, O ‐acetylpsilocin) is a synthetic tryptamine with psychedelic properties. Psi...
A comparison of reactivation experiences following vaporization and intramuscular injection (IM) of synthetic 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) in a naturalistic setting
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – March 25, 2020
Summary
Vaporization of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) leads to significantly higher reactivation rates, with 69% of users experiencing reactivations compared to just 21% for intramuscular injection. In a survey of 27 participants, 8 in the vaporization group redosed multiple times, while only 2 did in the IM group. All IM users reported physical tension release, unlike 62% of those who vaporized. Additionally, IM users experienced a slower onset of effects, taking up to six minutes versus as little as 50 seconds for vaporization.
Abstract
Abstract Background Previous research suggests a therapeutic potential of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT). However, online anecdotal r...
Safety and tolerability of NN-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) in healthy volunteers and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) patients: A systematic review of early-phase clinical trials.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry – June 07, 2025
Summary
A naturally-occurring psychedelic, DMT shows promise as a safe treatment option for depression. Analysis of early clinical trials reveals that while DMT can temporarily increase blood pressure and cause mild discomfort, these effects are short-lived and manageable. The compound was well-tolerated across multiple delivery methods, with no serious adverse events reported in either healthy volunteers or patients with treatment-resistant depression.
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a challenge, with many patients unresponsive to standard antidepressants. NN-dimethyltryptamine (DMT),...
Exploratory study of the dose-related safety, tolerability, and efficacy of dimethyltryptamine (DMT) in healthy volunteers and major depressive disorder.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology – September 01, 2022
Summary
A potent compound showed promising next-day antidepressant effects in individuals with treatment-resistant depression. Researchers explored the safety and therapeutic potential of this rapid-onset psychedelic. Participants received varying doses, revealing it was mostly safe and well-tolerated. Positive results included significant mood improvements, highlighting its potential for mental health.
Abstract
There is considerable interest in the therapeutic potential of psychedelic drugs. Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a potent, rapid-onset, and short-acti...
Autonomic nervous system activity correlates with peak experiences induced by DMT and predicts increases in well-being.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – October 01, 2024
Summary
Intense positive experiences during psychedelic sessions may be linked to specific patterns in our body's autonomic nervous system. Research shows that when both branches of this system are simultaneously active during DMT sessions, participants report more meaningful spiritual insights and show improved well-being weeks later. Heart rate patterns before treatment also predicted how profound the experience would be.
Abstract
Non-ordinary states of consciousness induced by psychedelics can be accompanied by so-called "peak experiences," characterized at the emotional lev...