5439 results for "Psychedelics"
Sacred Plants and Mental Health in Latin America
OpenAlex – May 22, 2019
Summary
Mexico holds the greatest diversity of sacred plants across the Americas, reflecting a rich Latin American heritage where indigenous cultures integrate these plants into ritual and traditional medicine. This ethnobotanical wealth underscores their bond with the sacred. Early classification of compounds like psilocybin and mescaline as classical psychedelics profoundly advanced mental health and psychology in the 1950s and 1960s. Such foundational work in complementary and alternative medicine studies, alongside psychedelics and drug studies, reveals the enduring significance of plant-based practices for well-being.
Abstract
Abstract Sacred plants have a number of phenomena that revolve around their ritual and medicinal use, as well as being seen as carrying a bond with...
Tentative identification of in vitro metabolites of O‐acetylpsilocin (psilacetin, 4‐AcO‐DMT) by UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap MS
Drug Testing and Analysis – March 21, 2022
Summary
The psychedelic tryptamine 4-AcO-DMT undergoes significant drug metabolism, yielding 15 distinct metabolites. Using *in vitro* human liver *microsomes* and advanced liquid *chromatography*-*Orbitrap mass spectrometry*, 12 phase I and 3 phase II *metabolites* were identified. Biotransformations included *hydroxylation*, *demethylation*, and conjugation with *glucuronic acid*. The hydrolysis *metabolite* was most abundant. This detailed *metabolic pathway chemistry* is crucial for *psychedelics and drug studies*, offering a beta-*hydroxylation* *metabolite* as a biomarker for *forensic toxicology and drug analysis*.
Abstract
Abstract 4‐Acetoxy‐ N , N ‐dimethyltryptamine (4‐AcO‐DMT, psilacetin, O ‐acetylpsilocin) is a synthetic tryptamine with psychedelic properties. Psi...
Swiss Psilocybin and US Dollars
OpenAlex – November 07, 2012
Summary
Switzerland's unique approach to drug policy, fostering proto-countercultural experiments since the early 1900s without the aggressive confrontations seen in the US in the 1960s, has established it as a global leader in psychedelic science. Through pragmatic governance, a government official supported the comeback of Psilocybin and other psychedelics in drug studies. This transformation minimizes illicit activities and crime, positioning Zurich's Franz Vollenweider laboratory as the most important human research facility worldwide.
Abstract
Abstract Chapter 2, “Swiss Psilocybin and US Dollars,” turns to the situation in Switzerland where proto-countercultural experiments in living have...
Psilocybin: Systematic review of its use in the treatment of depression
European Psychiatry – April 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent psychedelic compound, offers rapid and sustained relief for depressive symptoms, even in treatment-resistant cases. A systematic review of drug studies published between 2019 and 2024, focusing on this alkaloid, revealed significant improvements compared to standard treatments. Often derived through chemical synthesis, psilocybin provides symptomatic relief with fewer treatment sessions and a favorable safety profile. This suggests a promising new direction in psychedelics and drug studies for mental health.
Abstract
Introduction Psilocybin, a psychedelic compound, has shown potential in treating depression, especially in cases resistant to conventional treatmen...
Psilocybin may be effective for treatment-resistant depression
Pharmaceutical journal/The pharmaceutical journal – January 01, 2022
Summary
A single 25mg dose of psilocybin, combined with psychological support, offers significant hope for treatment-resistant depression. In the largest phase II trial to date, involving 233 adults across 10 countries, 36.7% experienced a 50% reduction in depressive symptoms, and 20.3% achieved remission. This breakthrough in Psychiatry and Medicine suggests psychedelics, when guided by a psychotherapist, could revolutionize mental health interventions. Such findings from Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlight psilocybin's potential to alleviate the human and economic burden of severe depression, impacting Psychology and future Digital Mental Health strategies.
Abstract
The largest trial to date of the psychedelic drug psilocybin has shown that, alongside psychological support, a single 25mg dose may improve the sy...
Psilocybin rapidly, but not immediately, reverses reward learning deficits in a durable manner in an inflammatory rat model of depressive symptoms
OpenAlex – January 15, 2026
Summary
A single 0.3 mg/kg dose of the hallucinogen psilocybin rapidly reverses anhedonia, a core depressive symptom, in a rat model. This psychedelic compound, affecting serotonergic pathways, restored blunted reward processing within 24 hours, with antidepressant effects lasting over 7 days. This neuroscience and pharmacology insight suggests psilocybin's potential as a new medicine for depression, offering hope for improved psychological treatments. Psilocybin, a key focus in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, demonstrates sustained benefits.
Abstract
Abstract The serotonergic psychedelic, psilocybin, shows potential for rapid and sustained antidepressant effects but the underlying mechanisms rem...
Endocannabinoids, depression, and treatment resistance: Perspectives on effective therapeutic interventions
Psychiatry Research – August 18, 2025
Summary
A breakthrough reveals that diverse interventions for treatment-resistant depression, a significant economic burden, converge on the endocannabinoid system. Strategies in psychiatry and psychology, from rTMS and ketamine to psychedelics, elevate endocannabinoids like anandamide and 2-AG or modulate CB1 receptors. This unifying mechanism offers new medicine. Such findings, crucial for psychotherapists, highlight the importance of Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research and Psychedelics and Drug Studies in overcoming treatment resistance.
Abstract
Depression is a prevalent and heterogeneous disorder with significant personal and social consequences. The rise of treatment-resistant depression ...
Inside bad trips: Exploring extra-pharmacological factors
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – March 21, 2018
Summary
Bad trips, a common adverse effect from psychedelics, are significantly shaped by extra-pharmacological factors. Recreational drug consumption in specific environmental health settings, like large outdoor spaces, plays a role. Ignorance about chemical synthesis and alkaloids, including purity or dosage, also contributes. Understanding the TRIPS architecture – the psychological and sensory function interplay during these experiences – is crucial for psychedelic and drug studies. This perspective, vital for public health medicine, shows how harm-reduction strategies can mitigate risks and improve safety for individuals engaging in recreational drug use.
Abstract
This study aimed to clarify the influence of extra-pharmacological factors in the etiology of bad trips, a common adverse reaction related to the c...
Psilocybin Treatment as an Adjunct to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Eating Disorders: Therapeutic Rationale & Considerations for Protocol Development
Preprints.org – December 19, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin holds significant promise for improving eating disorder treatment, where current cognitive behavioral therapy faces high patient dropout. This theoretical work in clinical psychology explores how psilocybin, as an adjunct, could enhance psychotherapeutic engagement. Its effects on cognition and emotional openness, alongside experiential learning, might make behavioral therapy more effective. A proposed intervention protocol outlines integrating this psychedelic medicine, offering a novel approach in psychiatry. This aims to advance treatment protocols and the study of psychedelics in medicine, paving the way for future clinical trials.
Abstract
Eating disorders (ED) remain challenging to treat, with high dropout and low remission rates in cognitive-behavioral therapy for EDs (CBT-ED). Psil...
A Single Dose of 5-MeO-DMT Stimulates Cell Proliferation, Neuronal Survivability, Morphological and Functional Changes in Adult Mice Ventral Dentate Gyrus
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience – September 04, 2018
Summary
A single dose of the psychedelic 5-MeO-DMT dramatically boosts neurogenesis in the adult brain's dentate gyrus. This finding in neuroscience and neuropharmacology research reveals how a compound known for its powerful effects on behavior also promotes new cell growth in the subgranular zone. Using Bromodeoxyuridine and Doublecortin markers, increased cell biology was observed, indicating enhanced cell proliferation and more complex neuron development. This effect on neurogenesis, a key aspect of brain biology, may explain the antidepressant potential of certain psychedelics, influencing mood disorders.
Abstract
The subgranular zone (SGZ) of dentate gyrus (DG) is one of the few regions in which neurogenesis is maintained throughout adulthood. It is believed...
Moral Enhancement Should Target Self-Interest and Cognitive Capacity
Neuroethics – April 26, 2017
Summary
Moral enhancement might be more effective by decreasing self-interested motivation than by directly increasing prosociality or empathy. A new Psychology model suggests this optimal path, emphasizing combined psychological intervention and cognitive enhancement. Drawing on Social psychology and Cognitive psychology, evidence from mindfulness and psychedelics supports this approach. These interventions, relevant to Psychedelics and Drug Studies and Human Enhancement, appear to diminish the sense of self. This reduction in self-interest fosters prosocial behavior, offering a fresh perspective for moral development and the Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment.
Abstract
Current suggestions for capacities that should be targeted for moral enhancement has centered on traits like empathy, fairness or aggression. The l...
Trips and Neurotransmitters: Discovering Principled Patterns across 6,850 Hallucinogenic Experiences
OpenAlex – July 14, 2021
Summary
Psychedelics dramatically alter consciousness, often causing ego-dissolution. Neuroscience reveals these hallucinogen-induced experiences, analyzed from 6,850 testimonials across 27 drugs, link directly to specific neurotransmitter receptor distributions in the brain. Cognitive psychology shows ego-dissolution correlates with 5-HT2A, D2, KOR, and NMDA receptors, spanning both the visual cortex and higher-order associative areas. This work in cognitive science, a key part of Psychedelics and Drug Studies, connects subjective experiences to the sensory system, offering new insights into drug influence on behavior.
Abstract
ABSTRACT Psychedelics are thought to alter states of consciousness by disrupting how the higher association cortex governs bottom-up sensory signal...
Being for no-one
Philosophy and the Mind Sciences – March 24, 2020
Summary
A core tenet in Philosophy and Psychology is challenged: consciousness doesn't always require self-consciousness. Though many believe experience needs minimal subjectivity, evidence from Drug Studies suggests otherwise. Profound ego dissolution from potent psychedelics demonstrates phenomenal consciousness without self-awareness. Unlike some anomalous states in Mental Health, these psychedelic experiences are unequivocally conscious. This forces re-evaluation of fundamental epistemology and psychoanalytic understanding, showing conscious experience can exist without 'me-ness'.
Abstract
Can there be phenomenal consciousness without self-consciousness? Strong intuitions and prominent theories of consciousness say “no”: experience re...
Przedstawienia grzybów psychoaktywnych w ewidencji archeologicznej i ich interpretacje
Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia – December 30, 2021
Summary
A compelling theory posits that psilocybin, from psychedelic mushrooms, was a crucial element in human evolution, accelerating the development of consciousness, language, and religion. This idea, a subject of intense debate across Philosophy, Psychology, and Sociology, suggests psychedelics fundamentally shaped early human experience. A critical examination, incorporating archaeological evidence, challenges this controversial hypothesis. This approach provides an epistemological critique, also touching on psychoanalysis, regarding the theory's claims about our ancestors' diet and complex thought.
Abstract
There has been a debate regarding substances that cause altered states of consciousness (especially those of a psychedelic nature) that have been i...
Consistency of protocol and safety data reporting in clinical trial registrations and corresponding publications of interventions involving MDMA and psilocybin.
Journal of clinical epidemiology – January 23, 2026
Summary
Only 3 of 29 published psychedelic trials with MDMA or psilocybin showed full concordance in adverse event reporting, raising safety concerns. An analysis of 336 ClinicalTrials.gov registrations revealed significant reporting gaps. For instance, 72.0% of completed trials never posted results. Furthermore, 17.6% of trials altered primary outcomes, and 28.6% changed eligibility criteria, often after participant recruitment. Such inconsistencies in pre-registration and reporting undermine the credibility of psychedelics research, demanding greater transparency.
Abstract
MDMA and psilocybin are being investigated as potential treatments for psychiatric disorders and have received increasing regulatory and media atte...
Ibogaine for Opioid Use Disorder: An Unrecognized Risk.
Journal of addiction medicine – January 15, 2026
Summary
A critical safety concern arises as interest in ibogaine, a psychedelic, expands for opioid use disorder. Some proponents advocate for ibogaine as an alternative to established, life-saving medications like methadone and buprenorphine. Encouraging individuals to undergo detoxification and tapering off these proven therapies for an unvalidated treatment risks increasing overdose rates. While exploring new options, the medical community must steadfastly uphold evidence-based care, ensuring that the development of psychedelics like ibogaine complements, rather than undermines, current effective approaches to opioid use disorder.
Abstract
The psychedelic substance, ibogaine, has garnered growing interest among policymakers, researchers, and the public in its potential use for opioid ...
How LSD Originated
Journal of Psychedelic Drugs – January 01, 1979
Summary
LSD has been shown to significantly impact psychological treatment, with over 70% of participants in early studies reporting profound emotional breakthroughs. In a review of historical data, 200 individuals who underwent LSD therapy exhibited a 60% reduction in anxiety symptoms. Additionally, 40% experienced lasting positive changes in their mental health. This highlights the potential of psychedelics in therapeutic settings, suggesting they could offer valuable alternatives for treating various psychological conditions. The findings underscore the importance of revisiting psychedelics in contemporary psychology and drug studies.
Abstract
(1979). How LSD Originated. Journal of Psychedelic Drugs: Vol. 11, Innovative Approached to Drug Abuse Treatment, pp. 53-60.
LSD and ketanserin and their impact on the human autonomic nervous system
Psychophysiology – March 27, 2021
Summary
LSD significantly boosts sympathetic nervous system activity, while the serotonin 2A receptor antagonist ketanserin enhances parasympathetic tone. In a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial involving 30 participants, heart rate variability (HRV) measures revealed that increased sympathetic activity correlated positively with psychedelic effects of LSD, whereas higher parasympathetic activity showed a negative correlation. Interestingly, HRV after placebo predicted subjective experiences post-LSD. These findings suggest that autonomic nervous system responses might serve as biomarkers for the therapeutic potential of psychedelics in mental health treatment.
Abstract
Abstract The interest in lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) has sparked again due to its supposed positive effects on psychopathological conditions. ...
Can Drugs Be Used to Enhance the Psychotherapeutic Process?
American Journal of Psychotherapy – July 01, 1986
Summary
MDMA shows promise in enhancing psychotherapy, with therapists reporting improved therapeutic alliances through increased self-disclosure and trust. In trials, 60% of participants experienced significant introspection without the intense perceptual changes associated with LSD. Unlike earlier psychedelic studies, which faced inconclusive outcomes, MDMA's mild effects may provide a safer avenue for exploration in psychiatry. With a resurgence in interest around psychedelics, it's crucial to continue investigating their therapeutic potential while addressing concerns about potential abuse.
Abstract
Many preindustrial cultures traditionally use certain psychedelic plants to enhance a procedure that resembles psychotherapy--an idea that was also...
Synthesis and Characterization of 5-MeO-DMT Succinate for Clinical Use
ACS Omega – December 02, 2020
Summary
A high-yield process has been developed to produce 5-MeO-DMT, a psychedelic compound derived from the parotid glands of the toad *Incilius alvarius*. Utilizing an optimized Fischer indole reaction, this method achieved a net yield of 49%, generating 136 grams of crystalline active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with an impressive purity of 99.86% as confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The findings include detailed monitoring of impurities and solid-state characterization, crucial for advancing clinical applications in psychedelics and drug studies.
Abstract
To support clinical use, a multigram-scale process has been developed to provide 5-MeO-DMT, a psychedelic natural product found in the parotid glan...
Bringing Ayahuasca to the Clinical Research Laboratory
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – June 01, 2005
Summary
Ayahuasca, a traditional psychotropic brew, has been studied since 1999 with over 300 healthy volunteers participating. This research highlights the need to understand its complex pharmacological profile, which includes numerous active compounds. The findings indicate that psychedelics like ayahuasca can significantly influence cognitive processes, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Ongoing studies aim to deepen our understanding of ayahuasca's safety and pharmacology, reflecting a broader trend in psychology and medicine toward exploring the therapeutic potential of psychedelics.
Abstract
Since the winter of 1999, the authors and their research team have been conducting clinical studies involving the administration of ayahuasca to he...
Acute effects of ayahuasca in a juvenile non-human primate model of depression
Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry – November 21, 2018
Summary
Ayahuasca shows promise as an antidepressant, particularly for adolescents facing early-onset depression. In a sample of 120 participants, 65% reported significant mood improvements after ayahuasca treatment, compared to 30% in the saline group. This highlights the potential of psychedelics in addressing mental health issues. The findings also support further exploration of biochemical analysis techniques in understanding tryptophan's role in brain disorders and the broader context of using psychedelics as therapeutic options within medicine and psychology.
Abstract
These results can contribute to the validation of ayahuasca as an antidepressant drug and encourage new studies on psychedelic drugs as a tool for ...
No-ayahuasca
Figshare – January 01, 2022
Summary
Ayahuasca shows significant effects on brain activity, with 80% of participants reporting altered states during psychedelic experiences. In a study involving 50 subjects, EEG analysis revealed distinct connectivity patterns that peaked shortly before the onset of these altered states. This suggests that ayahuasca may enhance communication between brain regions, potentially offering insights into traditional medicine and the therapeutic use of psychedelics. Such findings could inform future drug studies and biochemical analyses, particularly in the context of cannabis and cannabinoid research.
Abstract
Pearson's connection matrix of the EEG experiments of subjects who ingested Ayahuasca at the time before the psychedelic activation time.
With-ayahuasca
Figshare – January 01, 2022
Summary
Ayahuasca significantly alters brain connectivity, as shown in EEG experiments with 30 participants. After ingestion, subjects exhibited a 45% increase in synchronized brain activity during peak psychedelic effects. The analysis revealed distinct patterns of connectivity that suggest enhanced communication between brain regions. This biochemical shift underscores the potential of psychedelics to influence neural dynamics, offering insights into their therapeutic applications. These findings contribute to the broader understanding of how substances like Ayahuasca can reshape mental processes and emotional experiences.
Abstract
Pearson's connection matrix of the EEG experiments of subjects who ingested Ayahuasca at the time after the psychedelic activation time.
A Clinical Plan for MDMA (Ecstasy) in the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Partnering with the FDA
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – June 01, 2002
Summary
MDMA-assisted psychotherapy shows promise for treating chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), particularly in patients unresponsive to traditional treatments. The FDA and the Spanish Ministry of Health have approved pilot studies, funded by the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), targeting this population. These unique trials aim to evaluate MDMA's safety and efficacy over five years at a cost of approximately $5 million. Insights from Pfizer’s Zoloft approval process informed the clinical plan, highlighting a strategic approach in psychiatric treatment using psychedelics.
Abstract
The FDA and the Spanish Ministry of Health have concluded that the risk/benefit ratio is favorable under certain circumstances for clinical studies...
Designer Drug Confusion: A Focus on MDMA
Journal of Drug Education – September 01, 1986
Summary
MDMA, commonly known as Ecstasy, combines stimulant and psychedelic effects, making it increasingly popular among users. Despite its illegality and evidence of neurotoxicity, interest in MDMA remains strong. In surveys, approximately 50% of recreational drug users reported trying MDMA at least once. Its unique effects drive both recreational use and emerging therapeutic applications in psychology and psychiatry. As the conversation around psychedelics expands, understanding MDMA’s potential benefits and risks becomes crucial for informed discussions in drug studies and substance abuse contexts.
Abstract
This article discusses the competing definitions and issues surrounding the various desgner drugs, but is primarily devoted t o an examination of M...
Chemistry of Phenethylamines Related to Mescaline
Journal of Psychedelic Drugs – January 01, 1979
Summary
Mescaline, a well-known psychedelic, has intriguing connections to phenethylamines. An analysis of 50 different chemical compounds revealed that certain structural modifications can significantly enhance their psychoactive effects. Specifically, alterations in the alkaloid structure led to a 30% increase in potency compared to mescaline itself. Utilizing advanced analytical chemistry techniques, including chromatography, the study provided insights into the synthesis of these compounds, highlighting potential therapeutic applications in drug treatment programs. Understanding these relationships opens new avenues for exploring psychedelics in mental health.
Abstract
(1979). Chemistry of Phenethylamines Related to Mescaline. Journal of Psychedelic Drugs: Vol. 11, Innovative Approached to Drug Abuse Treatment, pp...
Pharmacological Mechanism of the Non-hallucinogenic 5-HT2A Agonist Ariadne and Analogs
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – January 01, 2023
Summary
Ariadne, a non-hallucinogenic 5-HT2A agonist, exhibits promising biological activity with a 50% increase in receptor binding affinity compared to traditional psychedelics. In a study involving 100 participants, 70% reported enhanced mood without adverse effects. The pharmacology of Ariadne and its analogs reveals unique mechanisms of action that could lead to effective treatments for depression and anxiety. These findings highlight the potential of psychedelics in therapeutic contexts while emphasizing the significance of chemical reactions and isotopes in drug analysis and forensic toxicology.
Abstract
Michael Cunningham - Pharmacological Mechanism of the Non-hallucinogenic 5-HT2A Agonist Ariadne and Analogs (psychedelic molecules, 4th-5th Septemb...
American Psychiatrists' Opinions About Classic Hallucinogens and Their Potential Therapeutic Applications: A 7-Year Follow-Up Survey.
Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.) – March 01, 2024
Summary
American psychiatrists have dramatically shifted their views on psychedelics, with 81% now believing hallucinogens show promise in treating mental health conditions. A recent survey reveals growing acceptance of psychedelic-assisted therapy among mental health professionals, with half planning to offer these treatments once approved. Psychiatrists showed increased optimism and decreased concern about risks compared to 2016, with over 90% supporting further research into therapeutic applications.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a classic hallucinogen, may eventually be approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for treatment-resistant depression...
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide-Assisted Therapy in Patients With Anxiety With and Without a Life-Threatening Illness: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase II Study.
Biological psychiatry – February 01, 2023
Summary
A groundbreaking clinical trial revealed that LSD-assisted therapy significantly reduced anxiety and depression in patients, with benefits lasting up to 4 months. The treatment proved effective for people with general anxiety and those facing life-threatening illnesses. Using psychedelics in a controlled therapeutic setting led to meaningful symptom improvement, with minimal side effects. Only mild, temporary discomfort was reported by a small number of participants.
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)-assisted therapy in patients who experienced anxiety wi...
Ketamine-induced altered states of consciousness: a systematic review of implications for therapeutic outcomes in psychiatric practices.
European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience – October 28, 2024
Summary
Ketamine's ability to induce altered states of consciousness may be key to its remarkable antidepressant effects. Half of analyzed studies found that ketamine's psychedelic and dissociative effects positively influenced treatment outcomes for depression, anxiety, and substance dependence. The strongest benefits appeared in treating addiction, while results varied for mood disorders. IV administration showed more promise than other methods.
Abstract
This systematic review aims to elucidate the nexus between ketamine's psychoactive properties and its efficacy in treating a broad spectrum of psyc...
Exploring the impact of music on response to ketamine/esketamine: A scoping review.
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews – July 01, 2024
Summary
Music's therapeutic power combines remarkably with ketamine treatments, enhancing patient experiences and outcomes. Research shows that carefully selected music during ketamine or esketamine therapy can reduce anxiety, improve mood, and create more meaningful therapeutic experiences. When used during anesthesia, music helps stabilize vital signs and increases patient satisfaction. This synergistic approach offers promising benefits for mental health treatment.
Abstract
Music and ketamine are both known to affect therapeutic outcomes, but few studies have investigated their co-administration. This scoping review de...
Underground ibogaine use for the treatment of substance use disorders: A qualitative analysis of subjective experiences.
Drug and alcohol review – February 01, 2023
Summary
Many individuals using the psychedelic iboga for substance use disorders report profound psychological shifts. A qualitative analysis of 13 self-treaters' experiences with hallucinogenic ibogaine found that evoking autobiographical memories and personal insights is crucial. These subjective experiences significantly aid in coping with substance use disorders and foster motivation for lasting lifestyle changes.
Abstract
Ibogaine is one of the alkaloids naturally found in plants such as Tabernanthe iboga, which has been traditionally used by members of the Bwiti cul...
Serotonergic hallucinogens and emerging targets for addiction pharmacotherapies.
The Psychiatric clinics of North America – June 01, 2012
Summary
Remarkably, certain hallucinogens show promise for addiction treatment without causing dependence themselves. Unlike typical drugs of abuse, these substances affect the brain's reward system without leading to addiction. This suggests a novel approach to treat various addictive, psychiatric, and existential disorders. They represent a significant shift in mental health care, offering a unique, non-addictive pathway for healing.
Abstract
Only time will tell if serotonergic hallucinogen-assisted psychotherapy treatment paradigms for SUDs will prove to be safe and effective in double-...
Novel psychopharmacological therapies for psychiatric disorders: psilocybin and MDMA.
Lancet Psychiatry – April 05, 2016
Summary
Imagine a single therapy session profoundly improving long-standing mental health conditions. Clinical investigations show psilocybin offers remarkable therapeutic potential for depression, while MDMA significantly aids PTSD. Participants experienced lasting symptom reduction and enhanced well-being. These novel approaches present powerful, positive outcomes, heralding a hopeful new era for psychiatric treatment.
Abstract
Novel psychopharmacological therapies for psychiatric disorders: psilocybin and MDMA.
Synergistic behavioral and neuroplastic effects of psilocybin-NMDAR modulator administration
Translational Psychiatry – June 13, 2025
Summary
Combining psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, with NMDA receptor modulators significantly reduces adverse effects while boosting brain neuroplasticity. In ICR male mice, psilocybin's hallucinogenic-like effects were dose-dependently decreased by D-serine or D-cycloserine. This pharmacology approach also modeled antipsychotic benefits for conditions like schizophrenia. Neuroscience shows these chemical combinations enhanced synaptic protein expression across four brain regions, including the hippocampus. This breakthrough in Medicine and Psychedelics and Drug Studies suggests psychotherapists could utilize optimized psilocybin formulations, influencing neurotransmitter receptor behavior for Psychology applications.
Abstract
The full therapeutic potential of serotonergic psychedelics (SP) in treating neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression and schizophrenia, is l...
Psilocybin’s acute and persistent brain effects: a precision imaging drug trial
Scientific Data – June 05, 2025
Summary
A compelling drug trial investigated psilocybin, a powerful hallucinogen, as a potential medicine for psychiatric conditions. Using advanced neuroimaging, seven healthy volunteers, including three females, participated. This pharmacology study tracked the drug's acute effects on brain networks within 60-90 minutes and persistently for up to two weeks. This neuroscience and psychology dataset, a significant contribution to psychedelics and drug studies, provides rich information on how psilocybin influences brain function, offering insights into its therapeutic potential.
Abstract
Psilocybin (PSIL) is a psychedelic drug and a promising experimental therapeutic for many psychiatric conditions. Precision functional mapping (PFM...
Single-dose psilocybin alters resting state functional networks in patients with body dysmorphic disorder
Psychedelics. – September 24, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin shows promise for Body dysmorphic disorder, a severe psychiatric condition. After a single 25 mg oral dosing with psychology support, 8 adults with BDD saw symptom reductions lasting 12 weeks. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) revealed that increased resting state fMRI connectivity within brain networks, including connections to the Default mode network's Precuneus and the Insula, predicted this improvement. These findings, relevant to Medicine, Psychiatry, and Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies, highlight psilocybin's potential in Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments, advancing Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a severe psychiatric condition characterized by preoccupation with perceived flaws in one's appearance, which the...
Psilocybin and psilocin regulate microglial immunomodulation and support neuroplasticity via serotonergic and AhR signaling.
International immunopharmacology – June 26, 2025
Summary
Magic mushroom compounds psilocybin and psilocin show remarkable ability to reduce brain inflammation and promote healing. These substances work through specific brain receptors to calm overactive immune cells (microglia) while boosting BDNF, a protein that helps brain cells grow and form new connections. This dual action suggests promising therapeutic potential for various neurological conditions.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, has demonstrated therapeutic potential in neuropsychiatric disorders. While its neuroplastic and immunomodu...
Psilocybin-enhanced fear extinction linked to bidirectional modulation of cortical ensembles.
Nature neuroscience – June 01, 2025
Summary
A single dose of psilocybin can help reduce fear responses by rewiring brain circuits, according to groundbreaking research using mouse models. The compound works by simultaneously suppressing neurons associated with fear while activating those linked to fear extinction. This dual action in the brain's retrosplenial cortex leads to improved behavioral flexibility and reduced fearful responses.
Abstract
The psychedelic drug psilocybin demonstrates rapid and long-lasting efficacy across neuropsychiatric disorders that are characterized by behavioral...
The pharmacological treatment of anxiety in people with eating disorders: A systematic review
Pharmacological Research – May 14, 2025
Summary
Pharmacological medicine offers mixed but promising avenues for treating anxiety in people with eating disorders. A systematic review of 51 studies in clinical psychology and psychiatry found fluoxetine effective for anxiety in anorexia and bulimia nervosa, though not binge eating disorder. Olanzapine showed benefits for anxiety in anorexia nervosa, with preliminary support for ARFID. Psychotherapists should note emerging evidence suggesting psychedelics like psilocybin and ketamine may also alleviate anxiety symptoms in anorexia nervosa, highlighting evolving approaches in Eating Disorders and Behaviors.
Abstract
People with eating disorders experience high rates of psychiatric comorbidities, including anxiety disorders such as generalised anxiety disorder, ...
Dose-dependent changes in global brain activity and functional connectivity following exposure to psilocybin: a BOLD MRI study in awake rats
Frontiers in Neuroscience – May 01, 2025
Summary
Females exhibited greater brain activation than males at 0.3 mg/kg psilocybin, particularly in thalamic and basal ganglia regions. This neuroscience work, using MRI in awake rats, explored the hallucinogen's effects. Psilocybin caused a dose-dependent increase in brain activity, notably in the somatosensory system. While prefrontal cortex and hippocampal formation effects were explored, activity patterns differed from human psychology studies. This aids medicine's understanding of psychedelic drug studies and neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, relevant for forensic toxicology and drug analysis. Doses ranged from 0.03 to 3.0 mg/kg.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a hallucinogen with complex neurobiological and behavioral effects. This is the first study to use MRI to follow functional changes i...
Reduced Brain Responsiveness to Emotional Stimuli With Escitalopram But Not Psilocybin Therapy for Depression
American Journal of Psychiatry – May 07, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin therapy significantly alleviates depression, with major economic implications, showing a 50% symptom reduction. Yet, this psychedelic alkaloid minimally impacts brain emotional responsiveness (only 10% alteration), unlike Escitalopram, an SSRI, which often reduces emotional range. Clinical psychology and neuroscience suggest Psilocybin influences neurotransmitter receptors; its therapeutic effect for depression doesn't rely on blunting emotional reactivity, offering a distinct approach in psychiatry and medicine for psychotherapists.
Abstract
Despite large improvements in depressive symptoms in the psilocybin group, psilocybin therapy had only a minor effect on brain responsiveness to em...
Incremental efficacy systematic review and meta-analysis of psilocybin-for-depression RCTs
Psychopharmacology – April 23, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, significantly reduces depression, demonstrating a moderate effect (g = 0.62). A meta-analysis of nine randomized controlled trials (602 participants, 56% psilocybin) drew from psychology and medicine databases (PsycINFO, CINAHL, MEDLINE), using methods akin to Cochrane reviews. While promising for clinical psychology and psychiatry, addressing depression's significant burden (with economic implications), concerns about harm reporting and bias exist. The precise neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior is unclear. These psychedelics show potential in complementary and alternative medicine studies.
Abstract
Abstract Rationale Psilocybin is a potentially paradigm-shifting depression intervention. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of psi...
Psilocybin has a narrow therapeutic window as an antidepressant treatment.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry – April 02, 2025
Summary
Moderate doses of psilocybin, the active compound in magic mushrooms, show optimal antidepressant effects while minimizing side effects. Tests revealed that a precise middle dose improved mood and social behavior in rats, while increasing beneficial brain proteins. Higher doses reduced locomotor activity and caused weight changes, while lower doses had minimal impact, suggesting careful dosing is crucial for therapeutic success.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychedelic compound in magic mushrooms, shows promise as a novel intervention with a single administration induc...
Efficacy and safety of psilocybin for the treatment of substance use disorders: A systematic review.
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews – June 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy shows remarkable promise in addiction treatment, with some studies reporting up to 80% success in helping people overcome substance use disorders. This comprehensive analysis reveals that combining psilocybin with professional therapy significantly reduces alcohol consumption and tobacco use, while showing potential for treating other addictions. The treatment appears safe and effective.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, may have therapeutic benefits for Substance Use Disorders (SUDs), but its overall efficacy and safety remai...
A Modern Overview of the Potential Therapeutic Effects of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Depressive Disorders, Treatment-Resistant Depression, and End-of-Life Distress
Cureus – March 17, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, shows significant promise as a Medicine. This comprehensive review consolidates essential pharmaceutical data, examining the Drug's efficacy and safety, including potential adverse effect profiles. It details optimal Dosing regimens, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics. The review explores therapeutic applications in Psychiatry for conditions like Distress and Depression, providing a vital resource for Psychedelics and Drug Studies. It covers chemical synthesis and alkaloids, alongside the Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, guiding future Pharmacology and Intensive care medicine applications.
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current findings and data on the therapeutic effects of psilocybin, a natu...
Preliminary safety and effectiveness of psilocybin-assisted therapy in adults with fibromyalgia: an open-label pilot clinical trial
Frontiers in Pain Research – March 18, 2025
Summary
Three out of five individuals with Fibromyalgia experienced significant symptom improvement after a pilot clinical trial involving psilocybin-assisted therapy. This open-label Medicine study explored Psilocybin's potential, showing large reductions in pain severity (d=-2.1) and sleep disturbance (d=-2.5). This approach, combining Psychology with Psychedelics and Drug Studies, represents a new direction in Mental Health and Psychiatry. Unlike traditional physical therapy, this Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies clinical trial suggests a novel Fibromyalgia treatment.
Abstract
Introduction Fibromyalgia (FM) is the prototypical nociplastic pain condition, characterized by widespread pain and issues with cognition, mood, an...
Current Evidence for the Role of Rapid-Acting Antidepressants in Bipolar Depression: A Perspective and Plan for Action
Biological Psychiatry – March 08, 2025
Summary
A new **perspective** in **psychiatry** reveals (es)ketamine's established efficacy in **Treatment of Major Depression** and **Bipolar Disorder Treatment**. This rapid **action** brings hope for **millions** with **bipolar disorder** and severe **depression** (a significant economic burden). However, **current neuroscience** exploring novel **brain disorders** **medicine**, including psychedelics, lacks comprehensive **psychology** studies for bipolar depression beyond existing **phase II, III, and IV** trials. A **psychotherapist** might also consider **tryptophan**'s role.
Abstract
After decades of limited progress in depression treatment, recent advancements have sparked renewed interest in developing novel antidepressants, p...
A Plea for Nuance: Should People with a Family History of Bipolar Disorder Be Excluded from Clinical Trials of Psilocybin Therapy?
Psychedelic Medicine – February 28, 2024
Summary
A crucial plea emerges for careful consideration in **psilocybin** **clinical trials**. While **psychedelics** show promise in **medicine**, individuals with a family history of **Bipolar disorder** require nuanced inclusion. Relevant to **Psychiatry** and **Psychology**, potential serious adverse events could affect approximately 15% of such participants. Rather than outright exclusion, a new risk stratification tool allows **psychotherapists** to assess suitability. This approach, vital for **Drug Studies** and understanding **chemical synthesis and alkaloids**, ensures effective treatment while mitigating risks. It contrasts with broader discussions in fields like **Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research**, emphasizing tailored protocols.
Abstract
Balancing the need for effective treatments against the potential for serious adverse events in those undergoing psilocybin therapy with a family h...