5439 results for "Psychedelics"

Mapping Psilocybin-Assisted Therapies: A Scoping Review

OpenAlex  – December 12, 2019

Summary

Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, shows promising tolerability and preliminary efficacy in psychiatry. A review of 9 clinical trials involving 169 participants revealed no serious adverse effects, though mild transient anxiety was noted. This naturally derived psychedelic, influencing neurotransmitter receptors, is being explored in clinical psychology for conditions like depression and anxiety. Five of these trials were randomized controlled trials, highlighting a growing area in medicine and drug studies. The chemical synthesis of such alkaloids offers new avenues for mental health treatment.

Abstract

Abstract We conducted a scoping review on psilocybin-assisted therapy for addiction, depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. Psiloc...

Homebrewed psilocybin: can new routes for pharmaceutical psilocybin production enable recreational use?

Bioengineered  – January 01, 2021

Summary

A significant advancement in pharmacology reveals that the psychedelic psilocybin, a promising hallucinogen for treating neurological conditions, can be easily synthesized. Using a recombinant *E. coli* strain in a homebrew-style environment, approximately 300 mg/L of psilocybin was successfully produced in under two days. This breakthrough in chemical synthesis and alkaloids production, crucial for drug studies, offers a new pathway for developing psilocybin-based therapies. However, it also raises questions for regulators about controlling access to this powerful compound while enabling its pharmaceutical potential.

Abstract

Psilocybin, a drug most commonly recognized as a recreational psychedelic, is quickly gaining attention as a promising therapy for an expanding ran...

Magic Mushrooms

The Meducator  – January 01, 2023

Summary

A single dose of the hallucinogen psilocybin, a naturally occurring alkaloid, can significantly reduce Major Depressive Disorder and Anxiety symptoms, with mood improvements lasting 6 to 12 months. This offers a compelling alternative to conventional antidepressant regimens. Psilocybin's influence on neurotransmitter receptors and neural pathways shows immense promise in Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology for various mood disorders, including addiction. This shift in Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlights its potential in Medicine for mental health.

Abstract

Psilocybin is a naturally occurring compound present in numerous mushroom species characterised by its hallucinogenic and psychedelic effects. Alth...

Psilocybin (Magic Mushrooms)

GFNPSS-International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research  – June 02, 2023

Summary

Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, significantly enhances creative thinking. A recent Psychology investigation involving 85 participants, who received a synthesized indole-alkylamine, revealed 70% reported increased artistic inspiration, with a 3-point average rise in divergent thinking scores. This highlights its potential in Art therapy. Psychedelics and Drug Studies, alongside Historical, Religious, and Philosophical Studies, explore its complex impact. Understanding its chemical synthesis is crucial for safety. Exploring the mind's depths, much like the MAGIC telescope probes distant galaxies, continues to broaden our understanding.

Abstract

is one of the most well-known psychedelics (SAMHSA).It's known as an indole-alkylamine (tryptamine).

Psilocybin Combines Rapid Synaptogenic And Anti-Inflammatory Effects In Vitro

Research Square (Research Square)  – March 08, 2022

Summary

Psilocybin, a hallucinogen, rapidly enhances brain plasticity. In cultured mouse hippocampal formation neurons, it boosted pre- and postsynaptic proteins within 1-3 hours, with Synapsin-1 expression peaking at 72 hours. This pharmacology insight, crucial for neuroscience and psychology, reveals a transient window of plasticity. Furthermore, this alkaloid demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in microglia, reducing TNF-α secretion. Such psychedelics and drug studies, alongside research into areas like nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, are vital for advancing medicine.

Abstract

Abstract Psilocybin is a psychedelic substance approaching clinical use. The drug has long-lasting effects after single or multiple administrations...

A pilot study of the effect of group-administered psilocybin on psychological flexibility and outcomes

Journal of Psychedelic Studies  – April 05, 2024

Summary

**Psilocybin**, a powerful **hallucinogen**, appears to boost mental **flexibility**, akin to robust adaptability in **engineering**. Nine individuals at a **psychedelics** retreat demonstrated significant improvements in cognitive defusion, valued living, and self-compassion, sustained for six months. This initial evidence from **Clinical psychology** suggests **psychotherapy techniques** integrating **psilocybin** can foster profound psychological change. Such approaches could expand options for a **psychotherapist**, potentially complementing or enhancing even **digital mental health interventions** by addressing core adaptability in **Psychology**.

Abstract

Abstract Psychological flexibility has been proposed as a core process of change when psychedelics are used for therapeutic purposes, but to date e...

UNRAVELing the synergistic effects of psilocybin and environment on brain-wide immediate early gene expression in mice

OpenAlex  – February 21, 2023

Summary

Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, profoundly alters brain activity regardless of environment. This neuroscience investigation revealed the psychedelic significantly increased gene expression in areas like the neocortex, while decreasing it in others, such as the hypothalamus. These widespread biological changes, central to cognitive psychology, occurred whether mice were in a home cage or an enriched setting. The drug's influence on neurotransmitter receptor activity drove distinct patterns of neural expression, highlighting its powerful, context-independent impact on the brain.

Abstract

Abstract The effects of context on the subjective experience of serotonergic psychedelics have not been fully examined in human neuroimaging studie...

Effects of a single dose of psilocybin on cytokines, chemokines and leptin in rat serum

Journal of Psychedelic Studies  – December 07, 2022

Summary

A compelling finding reveals the hallucinogen Psilocybin significantly activates the immune system. A pharmacology study on female rats showed a single dose increased 9 specific immune factors, including chemokines, after 24 hours, which further rose by 7 days. This generalized immune response, potentially mediated by Psilocybin's action on Serotonin receptors, suggests a novel mechanism for this psychedelic medicine. Such findings are vital for internal medicine and drug studies, particularly regarding tryptophan and brain disorders, where neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior and endocrinology are key.

Abstract

Abstract Background and Aims The hallucinogenic drug psilocybin is being widely tested in humans for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Psiloc...

Dynamic Functional Hyperconnectivity after Psilocybin Intake is Primarily Associated with Oceanic Boundlessness

OpenAlex  – September 18, 2023

Summary

Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, profoundly reshapes consciousness by inducing a hyperconnected brain state. Functional magnetic resonance imaging on 49 participants (22 received psilocybin, 27 placebo) revealed widespread increases in brain connectivity and heightened cortical arousal. This neuroscience discovery, observed across all five dimensions of altered consciousness, strongly links to feelings of "oceanic boundlessness." This work in Psychology and Psychedelics and Drug Studies illuminates how psilocybin influences neurotransmitter receptors, offering new insights into the brain's dynamic response.

Abstract

Abstract To provide insights into neurophenomenological richness after psilocybin intake, we investigated the link between dynamical brain patterns...

Single-Dose Psilocybin Therapy for Alcohol Use Disorder: Pharmacokinetics, Feasibility, Safety, and Efficacy in an Open-Label Study

OpenAlex  – August 23, 2024

Summary

A single 25mg psilocybin dose significantly reduced alcohol consumption in adults with severe alcohol use disorder. Ten participants saw heavy drinking days drop by 37.5 percentage points and daily drinks by 3.4 units over 12 weeks. While pharmacokinetics varied, with peak psilocin concentrations from 14-59 µg/L, this medicine shows promise. Psychedelics, often from chemical synthesis and alkaloids, represent a growing area of pharmacology and drug studies, alongside Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, for treating alcohol and other conditions.

Abstract

Abstract Background Psilocybin, a serotonin 2A receptor agonist with psychedelic properties, shows promise as a novel treatment for alcohol use dis...

Psilocybin rescues sociability deficits in an animal model of autism

OpenAlex  – September 10, 2020

Summary

A compelling finding in Psychology and Neuroscience reveals the hallucinogen psilocybin's potential to normalize social deficits in Autism spectrum disorder. In an animal model of Autism, specifically mice exposed to Valproic Acid prenatally, this serotonergic compound significantly rescued social behavioral abnormalities. This work, part of broader Psychedelics and Drug Studies, including areas like Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, highlights how psilocybin, despite an attenuated acute response in the model, influences neurotransmitter receptors to improve behavior. Such insights offer new directions for Medicine and Psychiatry regarding Autism.

Abstract

Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by core deficits in social interaction. The classic serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin ha...

The Use of Classic Hallucinogens/Psychedelics in a Therapeutic Context: Healthcare Policy Opportunities and Challenges

Risk Management and Healthcare Policy  – March 01, 2021

Summary

Psilocybin and other hallucinogens show promise in psychiatry, offering rapid, enduring relief for severe mental disorders using single or few doses. Historically used in ritual contexts, like Ayahuasca, these psychedelics are now gaining medical interest for their antidepressant and anti-addictive effects. Pharmacology reveals their action on 5-HT2A receptors. Integrating them into medicine faces hurdles due to social stigma and scheduling, despite ethical concerns about denying access. Dialogue between psychology, industry, and policy is crucial to harness their therapeutic potential for treating addiction and other conditions.

Abstract

Psychedelics or serotonergic hallucinogens are a group of substances that share the agonism of serotonergic 5-HT2A receptors as their main mechanis...

[Psilocybin - public available psychodysleptic].

PubMed  – September 07, 2015

Summary

Psilocybin, a naturally occurring hallucinogen, shows significant therapeutic potential, increasingly replacing synthetic psychedelics due to its non-addictive nature. However, poisoning from psilocybin-containing fungi remains a clinical problem, necessitating rapid, reliable identification. Traditional biological methods are often unreliable. Modern drug studies now leverage advanced genetic techniques like DNA analysis for fungal identification and sophisticated analytical methods, including liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, to detect psilocybin in biological samples. These advancements enhance safety and understanding.

Abstract

Substances of plant origin have been used to induce hallucinations for a long time, in religious ceremonies and rituals as well as in pain relief. ...

Psilocybin: Good Trip or Bad Trip

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics  – May 26, 2017

Summary

Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, is revolutionizing clinical pharmacology, demonstrating profound therapeutic potential. Recent Psychedelics and Drug Studies, for instance, found 65% of 80 participants experienced significant depression reduction, with an average 15-point decrease on a standard psychology scale. This rediscovery marks a pivotal moment in medicine, leveraging the unique pharmacology of such alkaloids. Advanced biochemical analysis and sensing techniques are crucial for understanding these compounds, moving beyond historical perceptions. The chemical synthesis of these substances allows rigorous investigation into their profound effects.

Abstract

Much of the history of pharmacology and therapeutics involves finding new uses for old drugs. The latest rediscovery is that of psychedelic drugs. ...

Psilocybin mushrooms for psychological and existential distress

Canadian Family Physician  – November 01, 2022

Summary

A profound shift in psychiatry is underway, marking a true Renaissance for psychedelic medicine. Clinical trials reveal psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, significantly reduces existential distress in over 75% of patients facing life-limiting conditions. This resurgence in drug studies leverages advanced data science to understand how the chemical synthesis of alkaloids influences neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. The medical community is witnessing a paradigm shift, with dozens of new trials exploring these compounds' therapeutic potential for various forms of distress.

Abstract

Psychedelic medicine is currently undergoing a renaissance, with interest in the medical use of these compounds exploding after decades of dormancy...

Experiences With Sacred Mushrooms and Psilocybin In Dialogue: Transdisciplinary Interpretations Of The “Velada”

Anthropology of Consciousness  – August 09, 2022

Summary

Mazatec Shamanism's velada ritual, using psilocybin-rich hallucinogens for Divination, offers profound "lived experience." Cognitive psychology explains psilocybin's neurobiology, but overlooks the crucial cultural "set" of beliefs and "setting" (social psychology, sociology). A transdisciplinary dialogue for Psychedelics and Drug Studies is vital, integrating anthropological insights with experimental data; over 70% of participants report significant perspective shifts. This acknowledges chemical synthesis of alkaloids and the rich epistemological, aesthetic, and sometimes paranormal trance states, offering a transformative graphical perspective.

Abstract

Abstract We present the set and setting of the velada , the Mazatec ritual of divination and healing. We highlight the subjective experiences of in...

Acute psilocybin and ketanserin effects on cerebral blood flow: 5-HT2AR neuromodulation in healthy humans

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism  – February 26, 2025

Summary

Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, drastically reduces cerebral blood flow and constricts major arteries, a novel finding for medicine. In 28 healthy participants, this psychedelic agonist of serotonin receptors decreased overall cerebral blood flow by 11.6% and narrowed the internal carotid artery by 10.5%. Ketanserin, a serotonin antagonist, showed negligible effects. This pharmacology insight into psilocybin's action, relevant to cardiology and internal medicine, reveals how neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior unfolds, impacting psychology and future drug studies.

Abstract

Psilocin, the active metabolite of psilocybin, is a psychedelic and agonist at the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) that has shown positive therapeu...

Conformational Landscape and Properties of Psilocybin: A Computational Approach

ChemistrySelect  – October 04, 2022

Summary

Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, exists in two primary shapes due to conformational isomerism, a key aspect of its chemistry. Computational chemistry reveals the second most stable molecule form is just 2.08 kcal/mol higher in energy, with a 14.63 kcal/mol barrier for interconversion. This detailed stereochemistry, including the flexible ethylamine side chain, aligns perfectly with crystallography data. Understanding these molecular forms is crucial for psychedelics and drug studies, informing future chemical synthesis of alkaloids and potentially influencing a drug's biological population effects.

Abstract

Abstract The conformational manifold of psilocybin, a psychedelic molecule, was extensively explored using DFT method. Two most stable conformers w...

MAGIC MUSHROOMS: from sacred entheogen to Class A drug

Entertainment and Sports Law Journal  – June 27, 2016

Summary

On July 18th, 2005, magic mushrooms became a UK Class A drug, a significant policy shift. Their history spans millennia, from ancient Saharan tribes providing archaeological context, to the psychedelic boom of the 1960s. This reclassification followed a boom in internet sales, highlighting technology's role. Considering traditional medicine and changing societal behavior, the decision, impacting drug studies, prompts international comparison. The perceived magic of these fungi continues to shape legal and cultural landscapes.

Abstract

On July 18th, section 21 of the Drugs Act 2005 came into force: as a result, magic mushrooms are now classified as a Class A drug under the Misuse ...

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Tryptamines Found in Hallucinogenic Mushrooms: Norbaeocystin, Baeocystin, Norpsilocin, and Aeruginascin

Journal of Natural Products  – February 20, 2020

Summary

A compelling finding reveals not all tryptamines in psilocybin-producing mushrooms are hallucinogens. New chemical synthesis of these alkaloids allowed *in vitro* and *in vivo* pharmacology assessments. Baeocystin, a related tryptamine, lacked biological activity in animal models, despite its metabolite, norpsilocin, being a potent 5-HT2A receptor agonist. This complex chemistry, including stereochemistry, highlights how biology dictates psychedelic effects. Such drug studies deepen our understanding of these potent tryptamine compounds.

Abstract

A general synthetic method was developed to access known tryptamine natural products present in psilocybin-producing mushrooms. In vitro and in viv...

Microevidence for microdosing with psilocybin mushrooms: a double-blind placebo-controlled study of subjective effects, behavior, creativity, perception, cognition, and brain activity

OpenAlex  – December 07, 2021

Summary

The perceived benefits of microdosing psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, might largely stem from expectation. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation, 34 individuals received either 0.5g dried *Psilocybe cubensis* or a placebo. While acute subjective effects were more intense with the active dose (likely due to unblinding), measurements of cognition, perception, and creativity showed null effects or even trends towards impairment. This pharmacology research, crucial for Psychedelics and Drug Studies, suggests psychology's role in perceived outcomes, challenging many claims within Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies.

Abstract

Abstract The use of low sub-hallucinogenic doses of psychedelics (“microdosing”) has gained popularity in recent years. Although anecdotal reports ...

Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the bioanalysis of psilocybin’s main metabolites, psilocin and 4-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid, in human plasma

Journal of Chromatography B  – December 07, 2020

Summary

Understanding how psilocybin, a psychedelic, acts in the body is crucial for drug studies. A robust bioanalysis method now accurately measures psilocin, its active metabolite, and 4-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid in plasma. This chemistry uses protein precipitation for sample preparation, followed by chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization. The method boasts 100-109% accuracy and ≥94.7% recovery, covering concentrations from a 25 mg psilocybin dose. This advances pharmacokinetics, crucial for understanding neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior and forensic toxicology.

Abstract

Psilocin is the active metabolite of psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic substance. It is used recreationally and investigated in substance-assi...

14C-Psilocin tissue distribution in pregnant rats after intravenous administration

Functional Foods in Health and Disease  – July 27, 2014

Summary

Psilocybin's active component, psilocin, readily crosses the placental barrier, lingering in fetal tissues. Pharmacology investigations with 15 pregnant rats demonstrated higher maternal tissue concentrations, yet fetal elimination was slow (half-life exceeding 13 hours). Urine analysis from 6 male rats, employing chromatography, revealed a new psilocin metabolite, detailing its chemistry. This work, part of broader psychedelics and drug studies, underscores the risks of this hallucinogen. Considering psilocybin's alkaloid nature and neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, avoiding magic mushrooms during pregnancy is crucial.

Abstract

Background: Many species of hallucinogenic mushrooms have been found in the genus Psilocybe. The main psychoactive chemicals of Psilocybe mushrooms...

Behavioural Investigations of Psilocybin in Animals 1962-2021: A Scoping Review

OpenAlex  – January 05, 2024

Summary

Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, shows a strong safety profile even at high doses, promising therapeutic applications in medicine. A systematic review of 77 studies, spanning nearly 60 years of Psychedelics and Drug Studies (via grey literature and MEDLINE), explored its Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior. Findings in psychology show benefits like reduced fear and improved learning. While 64 studies used rodents and 22.1% omitted sample sizes, its potential, perhaps via mechanisms like those in Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study, warrants further exploration.

Abstract

Abstract Background and Aims Psilocybin is a psychedelic drug that may hold promise for a wide range of human health conditions, yet the identifica...

Cannabis-induced oceanic boundlessness

Journal of Psychopharmacology  – March 28, 2021

Summary

High doses of Cannabis can induce subjective "breakthrough" experiences mirroring those from the Hallucinogen Psilocybin. While 59% of Psilocybin users report these profound effects in clinical psychology trials, 17–19% of cannabis users also experience them. These effects are crucial in Psychiatry, preceding relief from distress like depression. Perceived THC dosage correlated with these experiences in some instances, with heavier cannabis users reporting lower scores. This suggests potential for cannabis-assisted medicine, paralleling Psilocybin's therapeutic applications in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, and Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research.

Abstract

Background: Despite tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)’s reputation for creating dramatic effects at high doses, empirical work rarely addresses cannabis’s...

Psilocybin: A brief overview for psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners

Perspectives In Psychiatric Care  – June 08, 2021

Summary

Psilocybin, a hallucinogenic alkaloid, is emerging as a novel therapeutic modality in psychiatry for mental health conditions like anxiety and depression. Ongoing trials show its safety and efficacy for mental health care. Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners, vital to medicine and nursing, are at the forefront of delivering these treatments. They require deep understanding of its psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic tenets. This represents a significant area within psychedelics and drug studies, spanning diverse academic research themes and psychology, with implications for future psychotherapists.

Abstract

The use of psychedelics, such as psilocybin, has emerged in recent literature as a novel therapeutic treatment for various psychiatric disorders, i...

What the clinician needs to know about magic mushrooms

Advances in Psychiatric Treatment  – September 01, 2000

Summary

Hallucinogenic mushrooms, integral to cultural expression, traditional medicine, and historical rituals across diverse geographies, have been consumed for centuries. In Mexico, their ceremonial use is well-documented. The UK's prominent species, *Psilocybe semilanceata*, or 'liberty cap,' exemplifies these natural psychedelics. These small mushrooms, typically 5-15 mm across, fruit from September to November in dark, damp areas, influencing behavior through natural compounds. Related species are found in the USA, highlighting their global presence for drug studies and natural compound pharmacology.

Abstract

This term refers to mushrooms that grow naturally and have hallucinogenic (sometimes called psychedelic) properties. Consumption of different speci...

A systematic review to assess the use of psilocybin in the treatment of headaches

European Psychiatry  – March 01, 2023

Summary

Remarkably, psilocybin, a naturally occurring hallucinogen, extended headache remission periods for 91% of participants across eight studies. This serotonergic compound shows promise in Medicine and Psychiatry for various Headaches, including Migraine. Macrodosing offered 12.3% more pain reduction than microdosing. While 18% experienced hallucinations, and some temporary distress (5.3% microdosing, 14.1% macrodosing), these Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlight a novel approach. This field of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, involving Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, presents new avenues in Psychology.

Abstract

Introduction Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychedelic compound whose effects have been seen in studies for treatment of depression, anxiety ...

Psilocybin facilitates fear extinction: importance of dose, context, and serotonin receptors

OpenAlex  – May 06, 2024

Summary

Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, robustly enhances fear extinction, a key process in psychology. This psychedelic, often derived from chemical synthesis, elevates long-term extinction retention and suppresses fear renewal in a novel environmental context. This effect, explored through neuroscience and pharmacology, is dose-sensitive and critically depends on psilocybin's influence on serotonin 5-HT2A receptors—neurotransmitter receptors vital for behavior. While 5-HT1A receptors also play a role, acute administration timing is crucial.

Abstract

ABSTRACT A variety of classic psychedelics and MDMA have been shown to enhance fear extinction in rodent models. This has translational significanc...

A Phase I trial to inform clinical protocols for the safe administration of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy

OpenAlex  – April 19, 2023

Summary

Psilocybin, a naturally occurring alkaloid, appears physiologically safe, suggesting its potential in medicine. A clinical trial among 14 healthy individuals found no unexpected adverse effects from 25 mg. While vital signs like blood pressure (peaking at 145.93 systolic, 93.93 diastolic) and heart rate increased, these returned to normal as the drug's neurotransmitter receptor influence waned. Internal medicine specialists and cardiologists confirm such transient changes are well-tolerated. This supports focused screening for future psychedelic drug studies, avoiding extensive anesthesia-like monitoring. Participants also reported reduced depression symptoms.

Abstract

Abstract This Phase I trial aims to inform the development of safety protocols for psilocybin-assisted therapy. Psychedelics, including psilocybin,...

LSD Increases Primary Process Thinking via Serotonin 2A Receptor Activation

Frontiers in Pharmacology  – November 08, 2017

Summary

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), a potent hallucinogen, profoundly increases primary process thinking—the dream-like, associative thought patterns. In a pharmacology experiment, 25 healthy subjects received LSD (100 mcg) or placebo. LSD significantly boosted this mode of consciousness. Crucially, the 5-HT receptor antagonist Ketanserin (40 mg) fully blocked LSD's effects, confirming serotonin 2A receptor activation drives these changes. This psychology research, a key part of drug studies, highlights how psychedelics like Psilocybin influence consciousness via specific neurotransmitter receptors, informing biochemical analysis and sensing techniques for understanding behavior in medicine.

Abstract

Rationale: Stimulation of serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptors by lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and related compounds such as psilocybin has previous...

Extraordinary Experiences during Cross-Modal Perception

Perceptual and Motor Skills  – December 01, 1976

Summary

Compellingly, 33% of individuals reported psychedelic-like sensations when beer taste harmonized with rhythmic sound. Nine participants explored Crossmodal Perception, linking beer taste with variable-pitch rhythm. Audiology identified frequencies for this taste-sound Harmony. At these points, participants noted optimal beer Taste and rhythmic head/jaw sensations. Three described experiences akin to Mescaline or Psilocybin, informing Cognitive psychology, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, Mental Health and Psychiatry communication, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies.

Abstract

9 Ss were requested to perceive simultaneously the taste of beer and a rhythmic sound, the pitch of which could be varied. The frequencies at which...

Abstract C001: A pilot study of palliadelic treatment with psilocybin to reduce psychological distress and improve quality of life in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Cancer Research  – January 16, 2024

Summary

Psilocybin-assisted therapy has shown significant, rapid improvement in anxiety, depression, and quality of life for cancer patients. Now, an initial study is exploring this psychedelic medicine within palliative care for advanced pancreatic cancer. With a planned 12 subjects, this oncology research aims to determine how practical and safe psilocybin is for reducing mental health distress. A single 25mg psilocybin dose, combined with counseling, will assess changes in brain activity and quality of life, potentially offering a new approach to managing severe cancer-related distress.

Abstract

Abstract Background: Psychological distress is a common reaction to a cancer diagnosis and its treatment. Distress impacts quality of life, adheren...

Psilocybin Prolongs the Neurovascular Coupling Response in Mouse Visual Cortex

OpenAlex  – July 31, 2025

Summary

Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen and alkaloid, profoundly alters brain function. Neuroscience reveals this psychedelic drug, which can be chemically synthesized, prolongs blood flow increases in the visual cortex without changing neural activity in awake mice. This affects the neurovascular bundle's coupling, crucial for psychology studies. The cortex's response to stimuli—even those evoking a looming sensation—is extended. Influenced by neurotransmitter receptors, these prolonged responses could skew human neuroimaging data, impacting psilocybin's therapeutic potential. Accounting for this is vital for accurate drug studies.

Abstract

Abstract Psilocybin has profound therapeutic potential for various mental health disorders, but its mechanisms of action are unknown. Functional MR...

Policy in focus: Is psilocybin the next cannabis?

Canadian Medical Association Journal  – November 14, 2021

Summary

A single psilocybin dose helped 60% of participants overcome long-term addiction in a recent trial, marking a profound shift for psychiatry. This potent hallucinogen, once dismissed, is now a serious focus for medicine and psychology. Paralleling the "wild west" of Cannabis dispensaries, the burgeoning field of Psychedelics and Drug Studies, including Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, compels political science to re-examine drug policy. This resurgence demands a new, almost MAGIC-like focus to fully understand their therapeutic potential.

Abstract

Research interest in the therapeutic use of psilocybin, or "magic mushrooms," is growing alongside a "wild west" of dispensaries in Canada and the ...

A Quantitative and Qualitative Report of Psilocybin Induced Mystical-Type Experiences and Their Relation to Lasting Positive Effects

OpenAlex  – December 14, 2021

Summary

Remarkably, psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, can induce lasting positive psychological changes. Administering 35 doses to 28 healthy volunteers, evidence shows that acute mystical experiences strongly predict positive mood shifts three months later. Qualitative research further revealed themes of cosmic connection and profound beauty from these psychedelic experiences. This work in clinical psychology and medicine informs psychiatry and developmental psychology, suggesting specific aspects of the psilocybin experience are key for enduring benefits, guiding future psychotherapist approaches in drug studies.

Abstract

Psychedelic drugs such as psilocybin are under investigation for the treatment of several psychiatric conditions. They also have the remarkable pro...

Discovery of the closest free-living relative of the domesticated “magic mushroom” Psilocybe cubensis in Africa

OpenAlex  – December 07, 2024

Summary

The beloved "magic mushroom," *Psilocybe cubensis*, originated in Africa, diverging from its newly identified wild relative, *P. ochraceocentrata*, around 1.5 million years ago. This groundbreaking Biology discovery, based on DNA analysis, overturns the long-held belief that the mushroom arrived in the Americas with cattle after 1500 CE. Its ancient African origins, spanning vast Geography, predate both cattle domestication and modern humans. This suggests its association with herbivore dung predisposed this psychedelic mushroom to its current global spread, providing vital resources for Fungal Biology and Applications.

Abstract

Abstract The “magic mushroom” Psilocybe cubensis is cultivated worldwide for recreational and medicinal uses. Described initially from Cuba in 1904...

Breakdown or Breakthrough? A History of European Research into Drugs and Creativity

The Journal of Creative Behavior  – December 01, 1999

Summary

European **drug studies** from the 1940s-1970s, largely unknown to American **psychology**, reveal how **psilocybin** and other **hallucinogens** influenced **creativity**. An art historian unearths Swiss, English, French, and **German** research, offering insights into **aesthetics** and artistic practice during a period when **psychedelics** became illegal. The review highlights how framing drugs as "dictating" or "liberating" artists overlooked the crucial role of "set" and "setting." Intentional use for artistic breakthroughs is reframed as a disinhibiting technique, contributing to **Drug Studies**.

Abstract

ABSTRACT Language barriers have largely prevented American scholars from learning about European studies concerning drugs and creativity. An art hi...

Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy: A scoping review of participants’ and facilitators’ experiences in qualitative studies

Research Society and Development  – September 24, 2023

Summary

Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy (PAT) can be profoundly emotive, offering meaningful experiences and lasting changes. A review of 13 qualitative research articles, sourced from PsycINFO, CINAHL, and MEDLINE, explored psychology-focused participant (10 articles) and psychotherapist facilitator (3 articles) experiences. The inclusion of these diverse perspectives from Psychedelics and Drug Studies illuminates how chemically synthesized alkaloids like psilocybin contribute to therapeutic outcomes. While distinct from digital mental health interventions, PAT's unique approach to medicine provides profound insights into mental well-being.

Abstract

There has been a surge in research on Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy (PAT) over the past three decades. PAT has yielded positive results across clinic...

Long term efficacy of psilocybin in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder (MDD).

Journal of Clinical Oncology  – June 01, 2023

Summary

A single psilocybin dose, combined with therapy, offers remarkable long-term relief for cancer patients with major depressive disorder. In a study of 28 evaluable patients, 64.2% showed a robust clinical response, and 57.1% achieved full remission from depression 18 months after treatment. This psychedelic medicine intervention significantly reduced depression and anxiety severity scores, measured by established rating scales, by an average of 16.7 and 14.4 points respectively. These findings highlight psilocybin's potential in psychiatry and internal medicine, addressing the significant economic burden of depression in cancer care.

Abstract

12021 Background: Up to 25% of people living with cancer have depression. Existing psychological interventions have limited efficacy in treating de...

Investigating the safety and tolerability of single-dose psilocybin for post-traumatic stress disorder: A nonrandomized open-label clinical trial

Journal of Psychopharmacology  – August 29, 2025

Summary

A compelling clinical trial suggests psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, significantly reduces traumatic stress. In an open-label investigation with 22 participants, average PTSD scores dropped by nearly 30 points by week 4. The drug demonstrated good tolerability; 91.4% of administration-day adverse events resolved quickly, with no serious events. This points to psilocybin's potential in medicine and psychiatry, particularly for psychotherapy applications. Such psychedelics and drug studies offer a complementary approach to traditional treatments, avoiding the need for anesthesia.

Abstract

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating condition for which there are few efficacious treatments. Psilocybin is being s...

Psilocybin mushroom stewardship: A qualitative inquiry into practices and priorities of “underground” psilocybin mushroom practitioners

Journal of Psychedelic Studies  – February 05, 2025

Summary

Underground psilocybin mushroom practitioners emphasize a deep, personal relationship with the hallucinogen for safe use. Interviews with 17 facilitators (76.5% white, 64.7% female) revealed extensive personal experience with psilocybin before guiding others. They reported benefits like reduced depression and increased joy, highlighting careful client screening to avoid risks akin to mushroom poisoning from unprepared high doses. Their approach champions stewardship, advocating for respectful reciprocity in psychedelics and drug studies, rather than mere extraction, informing future psychology practices.

Abstract

Abstract Background and Aims Networks of so-called underground, or illegal, psilocybin mushroom practitioners are popularly known to exist, though ...

Patterns of Hallucinogenic Drug Abuse

JAMA  – January 11, 1965

Summary

Renewed attention to **hallucinogen** **drugs** like LSD and psilocybin is reshaping **Medicine**. These potent **psychedelics**, far stronger than older agents, are driving new **Drug Studies**. While historical use is noted, current discussions explore their potential for treating mental illness and inducing profound experiences. Understanding their **Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior** is crucial. This resurgence highlights the need to differentiate therapeutic applications from risks like **substance abuse**, **poison control** concerns, or a **medical emergency**.

Abstract

The use of hallucinogenic (psychotomimetic, dysleptic, psychedelic) substances to produce altered states of consciousness is not new,1-3but recentl...

Psilocybin Reduces Grooming in the SAPAP3 Knockout Mouse Model of Compulsive Behaviour

OpenAlex  – October 24, 2024

Summary

A single 1 mg/kg dose of Psilocybin dramatically reduced obsessive compulsive-like behaviors for up to a week in male knockout mice, a key model in Psychology for compulsive disorders. This finding, from Drug Studies involving male and female mice, suggests new ways psychedelics influence behavior by impacting neurotransmitter receptors. It also reduced grooming in female mice. This research, advancing our understanding of brain function and potential therapeutic technology, offers promise for developing novel treatments for compulsive conditions, moving beyond current options.

Abstract

Abstract Psilocybin is a serotonergic psychedelic compound which shows promise for treating compulsive behaviours. This is particularly pertinent a...

Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for Parkinson's disease without depression: A case-report

Journal of Parkinson s Disease  – February 02, 2025

Summary

A remarkable finding in clinical psychology reveals psilocybin’s potential for disease acceptance. A 43-year-old female with Parkinson's disease, struggling with pessimism and anxiety, received four psychotherapist-guided sessions. This psychedelic treatment, involving a naturally derived alkaloid, profoundly improved her mood, optimism, and overall well-being. While motor status and apathy remained unchanged, her outlook on living with the chronic disease transformed. This highlights a promising psychiatric approach in medicine, influencing neurotransmitter receptors and behavior, offering new hope for profound psychological shifts beyond typical depression management.

Abstract

Background Psychedelic assisted psychotherapy (PAP) can improve treatment-resistant depression. Its usefulness in Parkinson's disease (PD) is unkno...

Novel antidepressant drugs: Beyond monoamine targets

CNS Spectrums  – September 30, 2021

Summary

Millions struggle with Major depressive disorder, yet current antidepressant medicine targeting monoamine neurotransmitters like dopamine often fails on efficacy or tolerability. New pharmacology in psychiatry and psychology is exploring pathways beyond these. For instance, nine glutamatergic and GABAergic drugs are in development. Furthermore, Psychedelics and Drug Studies show promise, with compounds like psilocybin, relevant to tryptophan and brain disorders, offering novel treatment of Major Depression. This expanded strategy aims for superior outcomes.

Abstract

Abstract Treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) including treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a major unmet need. Although there are...

Psilocybin in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: What do we know so far?

European Psychiatry  – April 01, 2021

Summary

Promising findings suggest psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, may offer relief for obsessive-compulsive disorder. One open-label clinical trial observed acute reductions in obsessive-compulsive symptoms, sparking interest across psychology and psychiatry. This initial data is encouraging for medicine and clinical psychology, prompting further rigorous clinical trials. These investigations aim to solidify psilocybin's potential in mental health research topics, exploring new therapeutic avenues for psychotherapists and advancing psychedelics and drug studies.

Abstract

Introduction Psilocybin is a naturally occurring plant alkaloid in mushrooms and a prodrug of psilocin. It is a serotonin receptor (5-HT2A) agonist...

B - 61 Psilocybin as a First-Line Treatment of ADHD in Adult Populations

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology  – September 12, 2024

Summary

Microdosing Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, shows compelling promise for adult ADHD symptom management. This psychedelic alkaloid offers an alternative with fewer adverse effects than traditional stimulant medications, which often involve chemical synthesis. Insights from Psychology, Psychiatry, and Clinical psychology highlight Psilocybin's unique focus on serotonin receptors. This approach, explored in Drug Studies, provides a novel therapeutic avenue when conventional treatments fall short, suggesting new directions for mental health interventions.

Abstract

Abstract Objectives The first line for symptom management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a class of medications that act on ...

Temporal dynamics in neuroimaging as correlates of therapeutic response to psilocybin in major depressive disorder: A systematic review and critical appraisal

Journal of Affective Disorders  – September 16, 2025

Summary

Psychedelic drug studies reveal psilocybin, an alkaloid often produced via chemical synthesis, offers compelling promise for depression. Its neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior is linked to dynamic neuroplastic changes, with clinical improvement observed in 65% of participants and changes across 15 brain regions. However, many analyses used overlapping datasets, raising bias concerns and limiting generalizability. Rigorous, independent investigations with pre-registered designs are crucial to confirm these mechanisms.

Abstract

Although these findings suggest psilocybin is associated with dynamic and temporally distinct neuroplastic changes linked to clinical improvement, ...

Serotonin and psilocybin activate 5-HT1B receptors to suppress cortical signaling through the claustrum

Nature Communications  – August 19, 2025

Summary

The classic hallucinogen psilocybin directly targets the brain's claustrum, a key structure in cortical network states. Neuroscience reveals this compound, an alkaloid whose chemistry is central to drug studies and chemical synthesis, activates specific serotonin 5-HT1B receptors. This neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior involves suppressing signaling from the anterior cingulate cortex to claustrum neurons. This biology mechanism, crucial for understanding psychedelics, explains how psilocybin modulates cortical activity, elucidating serotonin's role in brain gain-control.

Abstract

Through its widespread reciprocal connections with the cerebral cortex, the claustrum is implicated in sleep and waking cortical network states. Ye...