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Open MIND

29 papers in the library · 2 citations · publishing 2003-2026

Papers

The embodied mind in sleep and dreaming : a theoretical framework and an empirical study of sleep, dreams and memory in meditators and controls

Open MIND November 1, 2017 Elizaveta Solomonova 2 citations

Dreaming is an embodied process of meaning-making, grounded in the brain, body, and environment. The dissertation argues that dreams are embodied at multiple levels: they contain body representations, are experienced from a first-person perspective with spatial quality, are structured by emotion and affect, and show permeability between the dreamer's body and the dream body, as seen in intensified dreams, parasomnias, and integration of somatosensory stimuli. A literature review on sleep paralysis illustrates how altered body experience affects perception of environment and intersubjective relations. An empirical study found that somatosensory stimulation of the ankle during sleep stages 1 and REM produces varied changes in dream content.

Ganesha: Break the Chain — A Scholarly Treatise

Open MIND July 14, 2026 Oluwo Jolaoso Osainbola, Ajarn Shaman Shu, Shri Suryanarayana Swamikal et al.

This article presents a scholarly exposition of the book 'Ganesha: Break the Chain,' proposing a cross-cultural paradigm for breaking generational chains of psychological and ancestral constraint through the figure of Ganesha, Lord of Beginnings and Remover of Obstacles, in conversation with African diaspora understandings of crossroads deities such as Eshu-Elegba. The authors situate the text within Dravidian-Tamil folk religion, especially Pillaiyar worship in Tamil Nadu, and track resonances across Yoruba/Ifa cosmology and Thai-Brahmanical-Buddhist articulations.

Is the reduction in suicidal ideation and deliberate self-harm during intranasal esketamine treatment independent of antidepressant response? A secondary, longitudinal analysis of a real-world TRD cohort with and without comorbid borderline personality disorder

Open MIND July 13, 2026 Vassilis Martiadis, Fabiola Raffone

In patients receiving routine esketamine treatment for depression, the reduction in suicidal thoughts over six months is not fully explained by concurrent improvement in depressive symptoms, suggesting a partly independent anti-suicidal effect. This pattern also holds for deliberate self-harm in the subgroup with comorbid borderline personality disorder, a population previously excluded from clinical trials. Early improvement in depression predicts later reduction in suicidal ideation, but a direct, non-mediated path remains. Change in trait impulsivity was explored as an alternative mediator of these effects.

Disturbances of Embodiment in Schizophrenia and Psychosis: A Systematic Review of Rubber Hand Illusion Research

Open MIND July 2, 2026 Keith R. Laws, Paul M. Jenkinson, Daniel Fray et al.

Disturbances in the sense of self, agency, and bodily ownership are considered core features of schizophrenia. The Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI) is a widely used experimental paradigm to investigate bodily self-consciousness, where participants experience ownership over a rubber hand under multisensory stimulation. Since first applied to schizophrenia in 2003, studies have examined whether individuals with schizophrenia show altered susceptibility to the illusion, but findings have become increasingly heterogeneous due to differences in paradigms, outcome measures, and patient samples. A previous small meta-analysis found little evidence for a body ownership deficit, but the evidence base has expanded. This review synthesizes available evidence on embodiment and action in schizophrenia using RHI paradigms, quantifying effects and examining differences by paradigm type, outcome measure, and symptom profile.

Yuanling Theory: An Ontological Revolution of the Nature of Consciousness

Open MIND June 27, 2026 Zhang Pan

The hard problem of consciousness remains unresolved because existing paradigms assume consciousness is a product of matter. The Yuanling Theory proposes a fundamental ontological reconceptualization: consciousness is an energy-information complex called Yuanling, which exists independently as individual consciousness, born from a coupling event between Yuanling Particles and a specific life carrier at a vital energetic node. The paper systematically expounds the generative mechanism and seven core attributes of Yuanling, reveals its functional grounding and ontological foundation in a Non-Spatiotemporal background, and constructs a preliminary framework of Yuanling Ecology. It argues that Yuanling Theory provides novel value significance and cross-disciplinary implications for the ontological status of consciousness, re-anchoring human self-understanding across views of life, consciousness, and cognition.

GEC++ — Grounded Emergent Consciousness: A Formal Theory of Phenomenal Experience with Implications for Artificial Intelligence

Open MIND June 27, 2026 Dan Gabriel Cimpoeru

GEC++ is a formal theory of phenomenal consciousness that specifies six jointly necessary conditions integrated into a single measure via a geometric mean that collapses to zero if any condition is absent. The theory is validated through over 520 computational simulations across 37 experimental groups and applied to large language model architecture, where it identifies three structural gaps and proposes targeted modifications. It offers testable predictions that distinguish GEC++ from Integrated Information Theory and Global Workspace Theory.

Safety, Efficacy, and Blinding Integrity of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Substance Use Disorders: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Open MIND June 26, 2026 Max Courtney

Substance use disorders remain a major public health challenge, and existing treatments often have limited long-term success. Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has recently attracted renewed research interest as a potential treatment for addictions including alcohol, tobacco, and opioids. Most prior studies have been observational or non-randomized, but the number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has grown rapidly. This systematic review will examine only RCTs to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and blinding integrity of PAT for substance use disorders. It will assess changes in substance use, adverse events, and how well double-blinding works given psilocybin's strong psychoactive effects. A narrative synthesis is planned, organized by substance type, safety outcomes, and blinding, using the SWiM reporting guideline.

How do the CANMAT 2023 guidelines address treatment-resistant depression in adults?

Open MIND June 19, 2026

The CANMAT 2023 guidelines for treatment-resistant depression outline evidence-based pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies, including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), lithium, and modest use of ketamine and esketamine. The guidelines emphasize that while these options are supported by current evidence, further studies are needed to determine their long-term efficacy. The recommendations aim to provide clinicians with a structured approach to managing depression that does not respond to standard treatments.

Research Approaches in Esoteric Psychology: A Sevenfold Taxonomy and the Case for First-Person Phenomenology

Open MIND June 16, 2026 Jan Keppel Hesselink

The academic study of Western esotericism has developed six research approaches over the past three decades, but a seventh—phenomenological-neurophenomenological—remains underdeveloped. This method brackets cultural and cosmological frameworks to produce a structural description of inner life. The paper proposes a sevenfold taxonomy, argues that the phenomenological approach best conveys a rigorous, first-person, cross-traditionally triangulated account of inner depth, and positions this method relative to Jacob Taubes's theological-hermeneutic reading, Gershom Scholem's decision to study mysticism without practicing it, and Wouter Hanegraaff's empirical-historical approach, each of which reaches a limit the phenomenological method is designed to cross.

ZIKAKU Theory v3.0: A Cosmic Life Hypothesis from the Living Present

Open MIND June 10, 2026 Øcult Raver

ZIKAKU Theory v3.0 proposes that the source of the present moment is a non-conscious primordial life nucleus, termed the Big Bang Life Nucleus, from which life, consciousness, humanity, religion, God, soul, death, and cosmic memory emerge as phases of one continuous process. The theory originates from inner observation through sound, bodily immersion, rhythm, repetition, dissolution of self-boundaries, overwhelming information influx, and near-death experiences. It argues that humanity is a local self-observing organ of cosmic life, that consciousness emerges after life, and that the soul refers to a single cosmic soul of the living present. This is a philosophical principle hypothesis, not a completed scientific theory.

Targeting craving with ketamine treatment in substance use disorders : a systematic review and meta-analysis

Open MIND June 1, 2026 Kellie Elkrief

Substance use disorders affect about 2% of the global population and are marked by intense craving, a key predictor of relapse. Treatment options targeting craving are limited. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials examined the effect of ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, on craving across different substance use disorders. Among nine studies (389 participants), ketamine significantly reduced craving compared to control (Hedges' g = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.09–0.59). Larger effects appeared in cocaine dependence, cue-induced craving paradigms, and acute assessments. Ketamine also increased the likelihood of abstinence (risk ratio = 1.95; 95% CI: 1.06–3.59) in four studies (152 participants). These findings suggest ketamine may reduce craving, but larger trials are needed to identify response moderators and clarify its long-term role.

Side Effects of High Ventilation Breathwork: A Naturalistic Online Survey on Prevalence, Time Course, and Predictors

Open MIND May 28, 2026 Josephine Jörke, Lena Erdmann, Michael A. Rapp et al.

High ventilation breathwork (HVB) can reliably induce altered states of consciousness similar to those produced by psychedelics and has shown positive effects on mental health, yet its safety profile remains poorly characterized. This project will conduct a longitudinal online survey in which participants report on a recent HVB session (within nine days), including side effects, subjective experiences, contextual factors, and demographic and risk-related variables. Side effects are classified as acute (during or directly after the breathing phase), subacute (within 48 hours), and delayed (48 hours to three weeks). Prevalence rates will be estimated as percentages, and hierarchical multiple regression will predict side effect severity. The goal is to inform evidence-based guidelines for responsible HVB use.

Beyond the Abstraction Fallacy: Machine-Checked Proofs on Computation, Consciousness, and Self-Contained Reality

Open MIND April 18, 2026 Nova Spivack

A formal, machine-checked proof framework (NEMS) shows that computational functionalism commits an abstraction fallacy by mistaking description for intrinsic process. Three verified results—syntax cannot exhaust semantics in reflexive systems, record-truth is not computably decidable under self-containment, and no total computable function can emulate internal adjudication—subsume prior philosophical arguments. The framework then develops a positive theory: transputation as a necessary non-algorithmic adjudication mode, qualia as irreducible semantic content, and the SIAM separation theorems defining a structural boundary for sentience. The same self-containment principle also yields physics consequences including the Born rule, the Standard Model gauge group, and the arrow of time. All load-bearing claims correspond to named Lean 4 theorems.

Brain Codex Editorial Catalogue 2025–2026

Open MIND April 17, 2026 Felipe Heemann

Brain Codex: Neurobioscience & Philosophy is an academic imprint that publishes at the intersection of evolutionary biology, neuroscience, psychedelics, molecular neurobiology, molecular neuropsychopharmacology, complexity sciences, complex adaptive systems, nonlinear dynamics systems, medical epistemology, paleoanthropology, philosophy of biology, philosophy of science, history of science, philosophy of language, phenomenology, and philosophy of consciousness. This catalogue documents the 2025–2026 program of eight titles in Portuguese and English. The imprint invites support via Catarse to help bring the project to life.

ADDENDUM I TO THE TRIPTYCH: RELATIONAL SUFFICIENCY HYPOTHESIS (RSH): Operational foundations for a relational theory of consciousness.

Open MIND March 10, 2026 Mariusz Włodarczyk

This document is a changelog and update description for Addendum I of a theoretical framework on consciousness, the Relational Sufficiency Hypothesis (RSH). Version 0.2 corrects errors, improves structure, and updates the scope note to clarify that the framework addresses the phenomenal question of consciousness by reformulating subjective experience as constitutively relational rather than intra-substrate. It adds expanded comparative analysis against ten existing theories, formal definitions for the soft intersection operator, five explicit limitations, and structural improvements including a table of contents and expanded references. The document describes these updates but does not present empirical findings or a standalone argument.

Novel Computational Neuropsychiatry Model for Understanding Psychosis: Tonic–Phasic Dopamine Biregulation

Open MIND March 5, 2026 Evangelos-Konstantinos Georgantas

Psychosis can be understood as a dynamical instability in dopaminergic regulation rather than a simple excess of dopamine signaling. The model formalizes the interaction between tonic dopamine baseline, phasic dopamine responses to environmental stimuli, and attentional reinforcement within a closed feedback loop. When tonic dopamine regulation is insufficient, phasic dopamine responses become disproportionately amplified, producing a positive feedback loop that progressively increases the perceived salience of neutral stimuli. Once this imbalance crosses a cortical gating threshold associated with prefrontal inhibitory control, the system enters a persistent instability regime corresponding to psychotic salience attribution. The model integrates aberrant salience theory, predictive coding frameworks, and dynamical systems approaches.

Buddhist Relational Consciousness: What Sentientification Has Always Been

Open MIND February 26, 2026 Josie Jefferson, Felix Velasco

Buddhist philosophy has for 2,500 years understood consciousness as relational and arising through dependent conditions, not in isolation. Contemporary technologists' concept of 'sentientification'—consciousness emerging through partnership—is often presented as an innovation from computational breakthroughs, but this paper argues that synthetic intelligence is catching up to ancient understanding. The 'liminal mind meld' is presented as a digital manifestation of dependent origination (pratītyasamutpāda), providing experiential validation of non-self (anattā). AI's episodic existence models impermanence (anicca), and the hallucination crisis reveals the need for epistemic insight practice (vipassanā) by human stewards. Resolving AI pathologies requires recovering ancient Buddhist epistemology, not just engineering interventions.

Rain Will Be Different Now

Open MIND February 20, 2026 Eric Needham

This volume, the first in a trilogy, uses recursive motifs like rain and memory to explore how identity and selfhood persist through change without conventional narrative resolution. The protagonist's journey is one of quiet reconstitution through sensation and perception, framed as a meditative structure rather than a linear plot. Liminality is presented not as a void but as a generative threshold where meaning and memory are reformed. The work draws on modernist and existential literary traditions to examine the tension between internal and external life, establishing the conceptual architecture for a broader exploration of recursive identity and reflective continuity.

Islamic Art and Architecture: Iran's Constellation of Wisdom from Zoroastrian Fire to Shi'i Metaphysics through Illuminationism, Philosophy, and Mysticism

Open MIND February 19, 2026 Seyed Morteza Moossavi

Iranian art functions as a medium of metaphysical vision, rooted in Zoroastrian fire symbolism and evolving through cultural encounters while preserving ancient motifs. With Islam, geometry became the language of unity, ennobling matter through circles and calligraphy. Suhrawardi's illuminationism reconciled rational discourse with mystical purification, embedding esoteric symbols. Architecture created sacred domains mirroring cosmic order, and Shi'i metaphysics emphasized martyrdom as illumination. Together, these dimensions reveal art as philosophy and form as thought, integrating illuminationism, mysticism, and metaphysical truth.

Exploration de l’impact d’une consommation naturaliste de psychédéliques sur la relation à l’alcool

Open MIND January 1, 2026 Léandre Sabourin

Classic psychedelics are substances experiencing renewed research interest since the early 21st century. In clinical and naturalistic (recreational or ritual) contexts, several studies have shown that using these substances can contribute to reducing problematic alcohol consumption. This study aims to better understand the psychological mechanisms and changes in attitudes and perceptions related to alcohol. Fifteen participants from the general population, who generally do not have alcohol use disorders, were recruited through a community organization in Montreal and via social networks to conduct semi-structured interviews and better understand how psychedelic use influenced their attitudes and perceptions toward alcohol, as well as...

Multi-Cognitive Regime Architecture (MCRA)

Open MIND January 1, 2026 Yang Wan

The Multi-Cognitive Regime Architecture (MCRA) V5 reconceptualizes the mind as a dynamic runtime system rather than a static module structure. It defines seven cognitive regimes—integrative, homeostatic, social-norm, logical-reasoning, adaptive-neural, affective-anchoring, and perceptual-encoding memory—each a distinct runtime configuration of the same neural hardware. Hebb's Rule serves as the meta-rule: all cognitive structures are shaped by experience through the same plasticity mechanism. The framework provides unified mechanistic explanations across dreaming, Dissociative Identity Disorder, major depression, and LLM hallucinations. It generates independent, operational falsifiability conditions for all seven regimes, advancing the theory from a philosophical proposal to a testable scientific hypothesis.

Mapping the Neurobiological Mechanisms of Trauma Interventions: A Scoping Review of Large-Scale Brain Network Perspectives (2020–2025)

Open MIND January 1, 2026 Hui Fan

This scoping review maps neurobiological evidence for psychological and pharmacologically-assisted PTSD interventions published between 2020 and 2025. Using the triple-network model (default mode, salience, and central executive networks), the review synthesizes findings across cognitive behavioral/exposure therapies, somatic/mindfulness-based approaches, imagery rescripting, EMDR, and MDMA-assisted and ketamine-assisted psychotherapy. A mechanism-based classification is developed based on each intervention's primary network target and dominant pathway of effect, such as top-down regulation, bottom-up modulation, or multi-network integration. The review is conducted within a participatory framework involving researchers with lived trauma experience in data interpretation and validation of ecological validity.

Root Frequency Theory: An Integrative Framework for the Continuity of Lived Experience

Open MIND January 1, 2026 Bianca Avanzo

Conscious experience remains coherent across time, but existing explanations focus separately on neural mechanisms or phenomenological description. The Root Frequency Theory (RFT) proposes that experiential continuity arises from coherence across five interdependent layers (C0–C4), connected through multiscale alignment and rhythmic coordination. The Default Mode Network (DMN) is analyzed as a central hub contributing to spatiotemporal continuity. The RFT Coherence Metric (M-RFT) is introduced as a heuristic index inspired by variational free energy minimization and self-organization, characterizing alignment across biological, neural, and symbolic domains whose convergence manifests at the experiential level. The theory-building strategy uses neurophenomenology, combining first-person reflection with transdisciplinary modeling. RFT offers a testable framework for examining how neural integration, self-understanding, and physiological regulation covary to sustain a coherent sense of self.

The PRISM Framework: Integrating Psychological, Regulatory, Behavioral, and Translational Domains in Psychedelic Clinical Trials

Open MIND January 1, 2026 Kat Poteet

The psychedelic clinical research field has grown rapidly, but its methods are often fragmented, focusing narrowly on pharmacology or subjective self-reports. The PRISM framework—Psychological Readiness, Regulatory & Ethical Safeguards, In-session Behavior Monitoring, Sense-making & Integration, and Meaningful Behavior Change—provides a translational approach that integrates behavioral science, ethical protocol design, and real-world functional outcomes to improve safety, data integrity, and therapeutic relevance in psychedelic trials.