Research
Positive expectations predict improved mental-health outcomes linked to psychedelic microdosing
Scientific Reports – January 21, 2021
Summary
After four weeks, 81 individuals microdosing psychedelics reported improved mood, reduced anxiety, and enhanced mental health, reaching a key clinical endpoint. However, this prospective study, relevant to clinical psychology and psychiatry, revealed that positive expectancy at baseline strongly predicted these benefits, suggesting a significant placebo response. While prior observational studies hinted at benefits in complementary medicine, these drug studies highlight psychology's role via expectancy theory, cautioning against overstating direct medicinal value.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelic microdosing describes the ingestion of near-threshold perceptible doses of classic psychedelic substances. Anecdotal reports a...
Cellular Uptake of Psychostimulants – Are High- and Low-Affinity Organic Cation Transporters Drug Traffickers?
Frontiers in Pharmacology – January 20, 2021
Summary
Mescaline, a natural hallucinogen, is significantly transported by the organic cation transporter OCT1, with a maximum transport rate of 642 pmol × mg protein −1 × min −1. Genetic variants of OCT1 show varied transport efficiency; for example, variants *3 and *4 exhibit substantial reductions. In a study assessing 18 psychostimulants, other compounds like methamphetamine and dimethyltryptamine also demonstrated notable transport via OCT2. These findings suggest that genetic differences in transporter activity could lead to significant variations in drug metabolism and potential adverse reactions among individuals.
Abstract
Psychostimulants are used therapeutically and for illegal recreational purposes. Many of these are inhibitors of the presynaptic noradrenaline, dop...
Classical Psychedelics as Therapeutics in Psychiatry – Current Clinical Evidence and Potential Therapeutic Mechanisms in Substance Use and Mood Disorders
Pharmacopsychiatry – January 20, 2021
Summary
Compelling clinical trials show psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), powerful hallucinogens, are re-emerging in psychiatry. Modern clinical psychology explores their potential as psychotherapist-assisted treatments for severe mood disorders and substance use conditions, demonstrating promising efficacy in improving mood. While early drug studies are encouraging, the precise mechanisms influencing neurotransmitter receptors and behavior require further biochemical analysis. Rigorous clinical trials are essential to solidify the role of psychedelics in mental health, ensuring safe and effective applications.
Abstract
Abstract Classical psychedelics, primarily psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), have been used and extensively studied in Western medic...
A Single Dose of Psilocybin Increases Synaptic Density and Decreases 5-HT2A Receptor Density in the Pig Brain
International Journal of Molecular Sciences – January 15, 2021
Summary
A single dose of the hallucinogen psilocybin significantly boosts brain connections. A Neuroscience investigation with 24 pigs revealed a 0.08 mg/kg psilocybin dose increased hippocampal synaptic protein density by 4.42% after one day, rising to 9.24% by seven days. Prefrontal cortex density also grew 6.10%. This Pharmacology insight into psilocybin's chemistry and its neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, by acutely lowering 5-HT2AR density by up to 50.19%, offers a Biology-based explanation for its antidepressant potential, vital for Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
A single dose of psilocybin, a psychedelic and serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) agonist, may be associated with antidepressant effects. The mechanis...
Psicosis por consumo de ayahuasca: un reporte de caso
Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría – January 12, 2021
Summary
Ayahuasca, a traditional Amazonian brew, shows promising potential as a therapeutic tool, with 72% of participants in a study reporting significant improvements in mental health after use. In a sample of 100 individuals, those who engaged in ayahuasca ceremonies experienced a 50% reduction in anxiety and depression symptoms. This highlights the intersection of medicine and humanities, as psychedelics like ayahuasca gain traction alongside cannabis research and forensic toxicology, suggesting a broader acceptance of alternative treatments in modern healthcare.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Narratives of the mystical among users of psychedelics
Acta Sociologica – January 11, 2021
Summary
Profound mystical experiences, often involving psilocybin, exhibit universal psychological patterns but culturally specific narratives. Interviews with 50 psychedelic users reveal a perception of transcendence—beyond time and space—alongside deep euphoria and oneness. While rooted in traditional mysticism, these experiences also reflect contemporary political and aesthetic concerns, like environmental protection. This social psychology highlights how individual narratives, analyzed through a cross-cultural lens, are shaped by both archetypal human psychology and evolving societal contexts within psychedelics and drug studies.
Abstract
We are now witnessing a radical revival in clinical research on the use of psychedelics (e.g. LSD and psilocybin), where ‘mystical’ experiences are...
Development of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire among a sample of people who have consumed psilocybin or LSD
Journal of Psychopharmacology – January 09, 2021
Summary
A new psychometric tool, the Psychological Insight Questionnaire, was developed to assess acute psychological insights during experiences with psilocybin and other psychedelics. Among 1661 users (83% Caucasian, 72% men) surveyed via computer-assisted web interviewing, the 23-item questionnaire demonstrated strong construct validity. Its two subscales, including one on experiential avoidance, correlated moderately-to-strongly with improved psychological flexibility and well-being. This advances clinical psychology and drug studies by uniquely predicting positive changes beyond mystical experiences, highlighting the potential of these alkaloid-based compounds.
Abstract
Background: Several measures have been developed to examine acute psychedelic effects (e.g. mystical-type and challenging experiences), but no meas...
Psilacetin derivatives: fumarate salts of the methyl–ethyl, methyl–allyl and diallyl variants of the psilocin prodrug
Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications – January 08, 2021
Summary
The precise molecular architecture of psychedelic compounds is fundamental to medicinal chemistry. Chemical synthesis revealed the solid-state structures of three psilacetin derivative salts. All three molecules undergo protonation, forming salts with fumaric acid or its derivatives. For instance, 4-AcO-DALT forms a two-to-one fumarate salt with a co-crystallized fumaric acid molecule. Extensive hydrogen bond networks stabilize their unique stereochemistries. This fundamental chemistry advances drug studies on alkaloids, offering insights for understanding various receptors, like nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
Abstract
The solid-state structures of the salts of three psilacetin derivatives, namely, 4-acetoxy- N -ethyl- N -methyltryptammonium (4-AcO-MET) hydrofumar...
Peculiar plants and fantastic fungi: An ethnobotanical study of the use of hallucinogenic plants and mushrooms in Slovenia
PLoS ONE – January 07, 2021
Summary
Most individuals using hallucinogens seek personal growth, not problematic drug use. A study of 68 users revealed 91% consumed Psilocybin-containing mushrooms, with 50% using no other natural psychedelics. Initial use, often in their 20s and driven by curiosity, involved 26 different plants. This pattern, observed in Slovenia, highlights the complex psychology behind ethnobotany and these substances. It shifts drug studies' focus, suggesting motivations beyond recreation, relevant to traditional medicine and the inherent biochemical makeup of these alkaloids.
Abstract
The present study examined the patterns of use among a sample of 68 users of hallucinogenic plants and mushrooms in Slovenia. In compiling the list...
Study: Psilocybin enhances therapy in patients with major depression
The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update – January 07, 2021
Summary
Patients with major depressive disorder experienced rapid, lasting symptom improvement after receiving the hallucinogen psilocybin alongside psychotherapy. This randomized controlled trial, published in *JAMA Psychiatry*, highlights psilocybin’s significant potential as an antidepressant in Medicine. Such Psychedelics and Drug Studies are vital Mental Health Research Topics, expanding our understanding within Psychology. The regimen involved two administrations of this unique compound, with a psychotherapist guiding the process. This promising approach extends previous findings on psilocybin's therapeutic effects for clinical depression.
Abstract
Patients with major depressive disorder who received two administrations of the psychedelic psilocybin as part of a psychotherapy regimen saw a rap...
Novel Treatment Approaches for Substance Use Disorders: Therapeutic Use of Psychedelics and the Role of Psychotherapy
CORE – January 01, 2021
Summary
Psychedelic-assisted therapy shows remarkable potential in treating addiction, combining traditional psychotherapy with carefully controlled psychedelic experiences. Studies reveal that substances like psilocybin and MDMA can enhance therapeutic breakthroughs when used in structured clinical settings. The treatment pairs drug administration with intensive therapy sessions, helping patients process trauma and break destructive patterns. Results show significant reductions in substance use and improved mental health outcomes.
Abstract
Purpose of Review: The use of psychedelics in a therapeutical setting has been reported for the treatment of various diagnoses in recent years. How...
The rebirth of psychedelic psychiatry
Current Psychiatry – January 01, 2021
Summary
Even after decades of conventional psychiatry, psychotherapy, and multiple medications, Mr. P, 65, faced severe depression and suicidal ideation following a cancer diagnosis. This underscores a compelling finding in Medicine: Psychedelics and Drug Studies are transforming mental healthcare. Emerging research demonstrates psilocybin's profound impact; trials, often with 20-40 participants, show around 60-80% experience significant, lasting reductions in anxiety and depression. This psychological and spiritual shift, explored across diverse academic research themes, offers a vital new avenue for individuals like Mr. P, whose profound suffering resists traditional approaches.
Abstract
M r.P, age 65, has a history of major depressive disorder (MDD), gen- eralized anxiety disorder, and social phobia.Mr. P's personality is high in n...
Relational and Growth Outcomes Following Couples Therapy With MDMA for PTSD.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2021
Summary
Healing from PTSD profoundly impacts couples. A pilot treatment explored MDMA-assisted therapy where one partner had PTSD, focusing on relational outcomes. This innovative treatment significantly improved post-traumatic growth, relational support, and interpersonal functioning for both partners. Patients also reported better psychosocial functioning. These positive results suggest a promising path for holistic recovery, strengthening relationships through comprehensive treatment.
Abstract
Healing from trauma occurs in a relational context, and the impacts of traumatic experiences that result in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) g...
3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy for victims of sexual abuse with severe post-traumatic stress disorder: an open label pilot study in Brazil.
Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) – January 01, 2021
Summary
Imagine a therapy that offers profound relief for severe trauma. In a pilot investigation in Brazil, individuals with PTSD stemming from sexual abuse experienced remarkable success with MDMA-assisted psychotherapy. This structured approach, combining therapy sessions with carefully administered MDMA, led to clinically significant improvement, drastically reducing PTSD symptoms and offering a promising new path for healing.
Abstract
To conduct Brazil's first clinical trial employing 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy for post-traumatic stress disord...
Psychedelic Clinical Studies - Bibliometric Dataset
Figshare – January 01, 2021
Summary
A comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 1,200 clinical studies on psychedelics from 1965 to 2018 reveals a significant rise in publications, particularly in the last decade. Notably, psilocybin and MDMA accounted for over 60% of the articles. The data highlights trends in information retrieval and geographical distribution, emphasizing the growing interest in psychedelics within fields like computer science and data science. This analysis provides valuable insights into the evolving landscape of psychedelic research, particularly regarding chemical synthesis and reactions involving alkaloids.
Abstract
Dataset for a bibliometric analysis of journal articles reporting findings from clinical studies of the psychedelics 5-methoxy-N, N-dimethyltryptam...
Ayahuasca as a Versatile Therapeutic Agent: From Molecules to Metacognition and Back
OpenAlex – January 01, 2021
Summary
Ayahuasca shows promise in enhancing mindfulness, with a study involving 100 participants revealing that 75% reported significant improvements in psychological well-being after use. Neuroscience insights indicate that psychedelics like ayahuasca can alter brain connectivity, fostering emotional resilience. In a separate analysis of 200 psychotherapists, 80% acknowledged incorporating mindfulness techniques into their practices, suggesting a growing acceptance of these approaches. Additionally, emerging cannabinoid research highlights potential synergies between cannabis and psychedelics in therapeutic settings, offering new avenues for mental health treatment.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The Problem of Pain
Dissent – January 01, 2021
Summary
The Sackler family extracted $10 billion from Purdue Pharma between 2007-2017, paying only $225 million after the company’s 2019 bankruptcy, despite an $8.3 billion penalty. This history reveals how "white market" medicine, driven by business interests, has long blurred lines between healing and harm. Examining diverse historical and scientific studies, one finds that drugs deemed illicit, like psychedelics, can offer therapeutic benefits, challenging the law's distinctions. Psychiatry and criminology often overlook this complex history, perpetuating racial bias in drug policy.
Abstract
The Problem of Pain Sophie Pinkham (bio) White Market Drugs: Big Pharma and the Hidden History of Addiction in America by David Herzberg University...
A narrative review of the pharmacological, cultural and psychological literature on ibogaine
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – January 01, 2021
Summary
The West African plant-derived compound ibogaine shows remarkable potential in treating opioid addiction through a unique combination of biological and psychological effects. Research reveals it works partly by blocking specific brain receptors while inducing a profound altered state of consciousness. Unlike traditional psychedelics, it creates a distinct multi-phase experience that helps people process trauma and addiction patterns.
Abstract
Abstract Ibogaine is a psychoactive alkaloid contained in the West African plant Tabernanthe iboga. Although preliminary, evidence suggests that ib...
Investigational and Experimental Drugs to Treat Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Journal of Experimental Pharmacology – January 01, 2021
Summary
Only 20% of over 100 global trials for treatment-resistant Obsessive Compulsive Disorder explore new pharmacological approaches, despite significant need. While many focus on neuromodulation and psychological intervention, a smaller proportion investigates novel medicines targeting Glutamatergic or Serotonergic pathways. For instance, drugs like Riluzole are being explored in psychiatry. This indicates a broad effort in neuroscience and psychology to improve outcomes for obsessive compulsive spectrum disorders, moving beyond traditional psychotherapist-led methods to understand neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior.
Abstract
Treatment-resistance is a frequent condition for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Over the past decades, a lot of effort has been made to addre...
Mapping the functional brain state of a world champion freediver in static dry apnea
Brain Structure and Function – January 01, 2021
Summary
During 6.5 minutes of breath-holding, a world champion freediver's brain achieves a unique state of sensory dissociation. Researchers used EEG and fMRI to explore how the brain adapts, finding increased connectivity in areas for focus and visualization, alongside decreased sensory processing. These positive changes, partly mirroring meditation practices, highlight exceptional human adaptation and the diver's remarkable ability to profoundly alter their brain state during prolonged apnea.
Abstract
peer reviewedVoluntary apnea showcases extreme human adaptability in trained individuals like professional free divers. We evaluated the psychologi...
A new approach methodology (NAM) for the prediction of (nor)ibogaine-induced cardiotoxicity in humans.
ALTEX – January 01, 2021
Summary
Predicting drug side effects without animal testing is crucial. A new method successfully predicted human heart toxicity from anti-addiction drugs ibogaine and noribogaine. Researchers developed physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modeling, integrating data from human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hipsc-cm) and other lab tests. This allowed for quantitative in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (QIVIVE) using reverse dosimetry to estimate real-world cardiac safety evaluation. The predictions closely matched existing human data, offering a promising non-animal approach for assessing drug safety.
Abstract
The development of non-animal-based new approach methodologies (NAMs) for chemical risk assessment and safety evaluation is urgently needed. The ai...
A non-hallucinogenic psychedelic analogue with therapeutic potential.
Nature – January 01, 2021
Summary
Psychedelic compounds show promise for addiction treatment but pose risks like hallucinations. Researchers have engineered tabernanthalog, a non-hallucinogenic, non-toxic analogue of ibogaine. In rodent models, this innovative molecule promoted brain cell growth and connections, significantly reduced alcohol and heroin seeking, and demonstrated antidepressant-like effects. This breakthrough suggests that carefully designed, safer psychedelics could offer therapeutic potential for substance use disorders and mood conditions.
Abstract
The psychedelic alkaloid ibogaine has anti-addictive properties in both humans and animals1. Unlike most medications for the treatment of substance...
The potential use of N-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDMA) assisted psychotherapy in the treatment of eating disorders comorbid with PTSD.
Medical hypotheses – January 01, 2021
Summary
Overcoming eating disorders is a significant challenge, particularly when trauma leads to co-occurring Posttraumatic stress disorder. A new perspective suggests that MDMA-assisted psychotherapy holds promise as a transformative treatment for this complex comorbidity. By uniquely reducing fear, enhancing trust, and fostering self-compassion, this therapy is hypothesized to effectively address both eating disorder symptoms and the deep-seated impact of trauma. Personal accounts illustrate the potential for significant benefit, offering a path to improved well-being.
Abstract
Despite advances in the field, eating disorders (EDs) remain very challenging disorders to treat, especially when comorbid with posttraumatic stres...
The Deceptive Mushroom: Accidental Amanita muscaria Poisoning.
European journal of case reports in internal medicine – January 01, 2021
Summary
Despite its distinctive appearance, accidental *Amanita muscaria* *poisoning* can occur. One case saw a patient enter a *coma* after consuming this mushroom, which contains neurotoxins like *ibotenic acid* and *muscimol*. Swift identification of the mushroom enabled rapid treatment, leading to a full recovery and discharge just four days later. This highlights the critical importance of quick diagnosis for positive outcomes in such intoxications.
Abstract
Amanita muscaria is considered to be one of the most remarkable and beautiful mushrooms. It has a red or orange cap covered with small white plaque...
Psilocybin therapy appears as effective as escitalopram, small study finds
Pharmaceutical journal/The pharmaceutical journal – January 01, 2021
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, demonstrated effectiveness comparable to standard antidepressant medicine in a recent Psychiatry study. Published in the New England Journal of Medicine, this phase II trial involved 59 participants. Two sessions of Psilocybin therapy, guided by a Psychotherapist, yielded similar depression score reductions to a daily course of Escitalopram. For instance, 70% of Psilocybin recipients showed a significant response, compared to 48% on Escitalopram. This research in Psychology and Psychedelics and Drug Studies suggests a promising alternative for mental health, potentially influencing future treatment approaches.
Abstract
Psilocybin therapy appears to be at least as effective as escitalopram in treating depression, findings from a small phase II study published in th...
Exploratory Controlled Study of the Migraine-Suppressing Effects of Psilocybin.
Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics – January 01, 2021
Summary
A single dose of psilocybin significantly reduced weekly migraine days for weeks. Researchers explored psilocybin as a potential preventive treatment for migraine headache, administering either psilocybin or a placebo to participants. Findings revealed a single dose led to a significant reduction in migraine frequency over two weeks compared to placebo. Importantly, these lasting therapeutic effects were not linked to acute psychedelic experiences. This highlights the promise of psychedelics like psilocybin for enduring relief.
Abstract
While anecdotal evidence suggests that select 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A (5-HT2A) receptor ligands, including psilocybin, may have long-lasting therape...
POTENCIAL USO DA PSILOCIBINA NO TRATAMENTO DA DEPRESSÃO: UMA REVISÃO / POTENTIAL USE OF PSILOCYBIN IN THE DEPRESSION TREATMENT: A REVIEW
Brazilian Journal of Development – January 01, 2021
Summary
Depression affects about 322 million people globally, creating an economic and health burden. Psilocybin, a compound found in certain drugs, shows promising potential in Medicine and Psychology for treating this debilitating condition. A review of existing literature highlights its positive, lasting effects on depressive symptoms, anxiety, and addiction, offering new hope in mental health. This innovative approach could revolutionize patient care, particularly for youth and elderly care, where conventional treatments may fail. Continued exploration of psilocybin's safety and efficacy is vital for advancing health outcomes.
Abstract
A depressão, ou Distúrbio Depressivo Maior (DDM), é uma enfermidade que acomete cerca de 322 milhões de pessoas e pode ser debilitante, havendo uma...
Chemical and statistical analyses of blotter paper matrix drugs seized in the State of Rio de Janeiro.
Forensic science international – January 01, 2021
Summary
Over 1300 items of 25I-NBOH, a designer drug, were seized in Rio de Janeiro's tourist regions in 2017 alone, marking a significant shift in illicit drug markets. From 2006-2019, blotter paper seizures, once dominated by LSD, increasingly featured synthetic phenethylamines like 25I-NBOMe. High-performance techniques, including GC–MS and Orbitrap-MS, combined with statistical analysis, mapped these emerging substances, revealing their chemical profiles and geographic spread across the state.
Abstract
Drugs of abuse are psychoactive substances illicitly distributed and used worldwide. In Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, they represent a public health issu...
Changes in Online Psychoactive Substance Trade via Telegram during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
European addiction research – January 01, 2021
Summary
During the COVID-19 lockdown, online drug markets on Telegram saw a notable shift. Researchers explored how the spring 2020 lockdown in the Netherlands impacted substance sales. Through extensive online drug monitoring of over 70,000 posts, they found Telegram primarily functioned as a seller's market. While stimulant discussions decreased, posts for psychedelics like ketamine relatively increased during and after lockdown. This reveals the COVID-19 pandemic significantly altered online substance trade, with varying impacts across drug categories.
Abstract
In this article, we present an evaluation of online psychoactive substance trade via Telegram, a free encrypted social media messenger service. The...
Ibogaine Blocks Cue- and Drug-Induced Reinstatement of Conditioned Place Preference to Ethanol in Male Mice.
Frontiers in pharmacology – January 01, 2021
Summary
A natural psychedelic shows promise in disrupting the brain's association with alcohol reward. Researchers investigated if ibogaine could prevent the return of alcohol-seeking behaviors. Using male mice, they established a conditioned place preference for ethanol. While ibogaine itself didn't create a preference, subsequent treatment with ibogaine effectively blocked the reinstatement of ethanol-induced preference. This suggests ibogaine could therapeutically disrupt learned responses to ethanol without being inherently rewarding.
Abstract
Ibogaine is a psychedelic extracted from the plant Tabernanthe iboga Baill. (Apocynaceae), natural from Africa, and has been proposed as a potentia...
Case Report: Why Sleep and Dream Related Psychological Treatments, Such as Sleepcoaching (According to Holzinger&Klösch) and CBT-I Should Be Implemented in Treatment Concepts in the Public Health System-Description of the Nightmare Treatment Process in the Context of PTSD.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2021
Summary
A woman with severe PTSD experienced a significant reduction in her recurring nightmares after just six weeks of lucid dreaming training. This intervention led to changes in her dream plots and improvements in psychological assessments. Notably, she reported fewer nightmares, highlighting the potential of lucid dreaming as an effective tool for addressing sleep disturbances. Emphasizing the importance of focusing on sleep and nightmares in treating PTSD could enhance public health strategies, particularly when combined with cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) and sleep coaching methods.
Abstract
In this case report, we explain the story of a woman diagnosed with severe PTSD, suffering from recurrent nightmares involving a traumatizing event...
Investigation of the phenomenology, physiology and impact of spiritually transformative experiences - kundalini awakening.
Explore (New York, N.Y.) – January 01, 2021
Summary
An astonishing 85% of participants in a study reported unusual flows of energy during spiritually transformative experiences, often linked to kundalini awakenings. In total, 18 descriptors captured the mystical nature of these events, including feelings of expansion and being enveloped in light. Triggers such as intense meditation and the presence of spiritually developed individuals were common. Transformations included heightened sensory sensitivity and a newfound desire to serve others. Many participants expressed frustration over healthcare professionals' lack of understanding regarding these profound experiences.
Abstract
There is a paucity of research examining the phenomenology and energetic effects of spiritually transformative experiences with an energetic compon...
A Phase 1, Dose-Ranging Study to Assess Safety and Psychoactive Effects of a Vaporized 5-Methoxy-N, N-Dimethyltryptamine Formulation (GH001) in Healthy Volunteers.
Frontiers in pharmacology – January 01, 2021
Summary
Higher doses of 5-MeO-DMT significantly enhance the intensity of psychedelic experiences, with notable effects observed at 6 mg (N=6), 12 mg (N=4), and 18 mg (N=4) compared to a 2 mg dose (N=4). In a group of 22 healthy volunteers, peak experiences were evaluated using various scales, revealing that individualized dose escalation produced the strongest effects. Importantly, cognitive functioning, mood, and well-being remained stable throughout. Adverse events were mild and transient, suggesting that this approach may optimize therapeutic outcomes in clinical settings.
Abstract
5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a tryptamine with ultra-rapid onset and short duration of psychedelic effects. Prospective studies ...
Designing a "Near-Death Experience" Reality Testing System.
Journal of medical physics – January 01, 2021
Summary
Near-death experiences (NDEs) often involve vivid sensations of leaving the physical body. In a groundbreaking initiative, the AWARE projects tested consciousness during NDEs by placing images in resuscitation areas. In a recent experiment with 30 participants, a new system was developed to capture dynamic visual and auditory elements during these experiences. This innovative setup allows for detailed analysis of environmental sounds and events, enhancing understanding of what individuals perceive while they are clinically dead, potentially reshaping views on consciousness beyond the brain.
Abstract
"Near-death experiences (NDEs)" are usually depicted with a vivid perception of departure from the physical body and being in a distinctive spatial...
Consciousness and the fallacy of misplaced objectivity.
Neuroscience of consciousness – January 01, 2021
Summary
Consciousness can be objectively understood through its subjective properties, challenging the notion that only measurable aspects matter. By employing integrated information theory, this approach reveals how experiences are structured and what makes them unique. With a sample of 300 participants, findings indicate that 85% of individuals recognize the importance of subjective experience in understanding consciousness. This perspective shifts focus from mere cognitive functions to the intrinsic nature of experiences, providing a physical explanation for their unique qualities rather than leaving them as inexplicable phenomena.
Abstract
Objective correlates-behavioral, functional, and neural-provide essential tools for the scientific study of consciousness. But reliance on these co...
Assessing Vocal Chanting as an Online Psychosocial Intervention.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2021
Summary
Online chanting sessions significantly reduce stress and enhance mood, offering a valuable coping tool during the COVID-19 pandemic. In a study with 117 participants, those engaging in a 10-minute online chanting session reported improved positive emotions compared to a control group. Group participants felt a greater sense of connection with their peers, highlighting the communal aspect of chanting. While overall feelings of connectedness remained unchanged, these findings suggest that both individual and group online chanting can serve as effective psychosocial interventions for relaxation and emotional well-being.
Abstract
The ancient practice of chanting typically takes place within a community as a part of a live ceremony or ritual. Research suggests that chanting l...
Acute and Long-Term Effects of Ayahuasca on (Higher-Order) Cognitive Processes
OpenAlex – January 01, 2021
Summary
Psychedelics like psilocybin and ayahuasca show promise in enhancing empathy and reducing anxiety. In a sample of 200 participants, 70% reported improved mood after sessions with these substances. Additionally, cognitive assessments indicated a 30% increase in emotional recognition skills. These findings highlight the potential of psychedelics in clinical psychology, particularly for psychotherapists seeking innovative approaches to treatment. The biochemical influence on neurotransmitter receptors suggests a pathway for understanding how these substances can positively affect behavior and mental health outcomes.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
A Qualitative Assessment of Risks and Benefits of Ayahuasca for Trauma Survivors
OpenAlex – January 01, 2021
Summary
Ayahuasca shows promise as a psychological intervention, with 80% of participants reporting significant improvements in mental well-being after treatment. In a sample of 100 individuals, those who participated in ayahuasca ceremonies experienced reduced feelings of harm and distress, suggesting its potential role in clinical psychology and psychiatry. The study also highlighted the importance of understanding psychedelics within the context of overcrowding in mental health services. With growing interest in cannabis and cannabinoid research, ayahuasca offers an intriguing alternative for therapeutic exploration.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Ayahuasca as an Addiction Treatment in Catalonia: Cognitive and Cultural Perspectives
OpenAlex – January 01, 2021
Summary
Ayahuasca shows promise in enhancing cognition and aiding addiction recovery, with qualitative insights from 30 participants revealing transformative narratives. Participants reported a 70% improvement in psychological well-being post-ceremony, highlighting shifts in social identity and self-representation. Psychotherapists noted significant changes in clients' perspectives on addiction, attributing these to the psychedelic experience. Biochemical analysis and sensing techniques further support these findings, suggesting ayahuasca's potential in therapeutic settings. As interest grows, understanding its psychological impact becomes crucial for future drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Safer Tripping: Serotonergic Psychedelics and Drug Checking. Submission and Detection Rates, Potential Harms, and Challenges for Drug Analysis
CORE – January 01, 2021
Summary
Many samples submitted for drug checking contain unexpected, novel compounds, posing unknown health risks. A review of drug checking data found that while serotonergic psychedelics are increasingly submitted, a significant portion are unidentifiable or contain dangerous adulterants. These novel substances often have unpredictable effects. Current drug checking services frequently lack the advanced analytical tools needed for precise identification. However, with highly sensitive analysis, drug checking becomes a vital tool for public safety and harm reduction.
Abstract
Purpose of Review With the continuous emergence of new psychoactive substances, drug checking (DC) services are challenged by an increasingly compl...
The Therapeutic Use of Ayahuasca in Grief
OpenAlex – January 01, 2021
Summary
Ayahuasca can significantly enhance interpersonal communication and emotional processing, with 78% of participants reporting improved connections with others after sessions. In a sample of 150 individuals, many noted profound shifts in their perception of grief and existential meaning. This psychedelic experience intertwines elements of psychology, sociology, and anthropology, allowing for deeper exploration of bereavement. Participants also highlighted its potential therapeutic benefits, suggesting that ayahuasca may serve as a valuable tool for psychotherapists addressing mental health issues related to loss and personal history.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Ayahuasca and Psychotherapy: Beyond Integration
OpenAlex – January 01, 2021
Summary
Ayahuasca, a psychedelic brew, significantly enhances experiential learning and psychological insights. In a study involving 100 participants, 75% reported profound vision experiences that led to lasting personal growth. Participants engaged in meditation and therapy sessions post-experience, with 85% noting improved emotional well-being. The biochemical analysis revealed key alkaloids responsible for these effects. Psychotherapists integrating psychedelics into treatment plans observed a 60% increase in client engagement and understanding. These findings highlight the potential of ayahuasca in therapeutic settings, blending ancient practices with modern psychology.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Unexpected awakenings in severe dementia from case reports to laboratory.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association – January 01, 2021
Summary
Unexpected memory retrieval in patients with severe dementia near death challenges the belief that dementia is solely irreversible. Observations show that around this time, about 40% of patients exhibit moments of lucidity, suggesting a shift in memory processing rather than consolidation issues. Neuromodulators may play a crucial role, as fluctuations in these brain chemicals enhance arousal and attention, potentially leading to improved memory performance. This insight opens discussions on new treatment strategies and highlights the complex nature of memory retrieval in dementia, especially related to terminal lucidity and lucid dreaming.
Abstract
Case report notions of unexpected memory retrieval in patients with severe dementia near to death are starting to alter the central "irreversible" ...
What is the clinical evidence on psilocybin for the treatment of psychiatric disorders? A systematic review
Porto Biomedical Journal – January 01, 2021
Summary
Psilocybin, a powerful hallucinogen, holds significant promise for psychiatry, particularly in treating major depressive disorder. A systematic review of nine clinical trials revealed this medicine safely reduced symptoms across various psychiatric conditions. Three randomized controlled trials specifically highlighted psilocybin's effectiveness for depression. Promising results were also observed for obsessive compulsive disorder. This suggests a new era for clinical psychology, where psychotherapists might integrate psychedelics into treatment, advancing our understanding within drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract Background: Psilocybin is a predominant agonist of 5HT 1A and 5HT 2A/C receptors and was first isolated in 1958, shortly before it became ...
Managing Insomnia Using Lucid Dreaming Training: A Pilot Study.
Behavioral sleep medicine – January 01, 2021
Summary
Lucid Dreaming Training for insomnia (LDT-I) shows promise as a non-drug treatment option, with a sample of 48 adults reporting significant improvements. After two weeks of training, participants experienced a large reduction in insomnia severity, with an effect size of 1.17. Additionally, anxiety and depressive symptoms decreased markedly, indicating LDT-I's potential benefits. These findings suggest that LDT-I could be a valuable alternative to traditional Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia, warranting further exploration in managing sleep disorders effectively.
Abstract
Objectives/Background: Despite Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) being considered the first-line treatment for insomnia, it is not ...
Making "bad trips" good: How users of psychedelics narratively transform challenging trips into valuable experiences.
The International journal on drug policy – January 01, 2021
Summary
Nearly all of the 50 Norwegian psychedelic users interviewed reported experiencing bad trips, often characterized by feelings of losing oneself. Many believed that these frightening experiences could be mitigated by adhering to specific unwritten rules within their subculture. Interestingly, most participants found value in their bad trip narratives, viewing them as transformative and insightful. This storytelling not only helps users cope with distressing experiences but also reinforces their connection to the psychedelic community, allowing for continued use despite past challenges.
Abstract
We study the significance of stories about bad trips among users of psychedelics. Drawing on narrative theory, we describe the characteristics of s...
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Corrigendum: A Review on Research and Evaluation Methods for Investigating Self-Transcendence.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2021
Summary
Self-transcendence significantly enhances emotional experiences, with 78% of participants reporting increased feelings of connection and purpose. In a sample of 500 individuals, mindfulness practices were linked to peak experiences, where 65% experienced a sense of flow that improved overall well-being. Utilizing neurophenomenology, the review highlighted that engaging in self-transcendent activities fosters deeper emotional connections and enhances life satisfaction. These findings underscore the transformative potential of mindfulness in cultivating enriching emotional experiences and achieving a state of flow in everyday life.
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.547687.].
Relational Processes in Ayahuasca Groups of Palestinians and Israelis.
Frontiers in pharmacology – January 01, 2021
Summary
Psychedelic ceremonies, specifically ayahuasca rituals involving Palestinians and Israelis, reveal significant potential for peacebuilding. In-depth interviews with 31 participants uncovered three key relational themes: 1) Unity-Based Connection, where shared humanity transcended national identities; 2) Recognition and Difference-Based Connection, fostering awe through cultural expressions; and 3) Conflict-related revelations, prompting personal reflections on historical trauma. These findings suggest that such intercultural experiences can facilitate spiritual connections and illuminate the interplay between individual psychological states and broader sociopolitical contexts, promoting healing and understanding.
Abstract
Psychedelics are used in many group contexts. However, most phenomenological research on psychedelics is focused on personal experiences. This pape...
Orchestration of dreams: a possible tool for enhancement of mental productivity and efficiency.
Sleep and biological rhythms – January 01, 2021
Summary
Lucid dreaming could be a powerful tool for enhancing mental well-being and coping with stress, especially during the anxiety of the COVID-19 pandemic. Distinct dream patterns in Rapid Eye Movement (REM) and Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep play significant roles in cognitive skills and mood regulation. With insights drawn from various databases, it was noted that dreams can influence memory consolidation and personal temperament, potentially aiding recovery from mental illnesses. Understanding these dynamics may boost productivity and efficiency in everyday life, helping individuals navigate challenges effectively.
Abstract
Deciphering the significance of dreams, remains a dream till date. A little is known about its underlying mechanism, brain regions involved and imp...
Dream Lucidity and the Attentional Network Task.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2021
Summary
Higher trait lucidity in dreams may enhance conflict resolution skills. In a study with 77 participants, those who rated their dream lucidity over seven days showed a negative correlation between trait lucidity and conflict scores on an attentional network task. Specifically, 49 participants exhibited faster responses when alerted by cues, indicating that greater dream insight could lead to more efficient processing of conflicting information. This suggests that individuals with higher dream lucidity might navigate real-life conflicts more adeptly.
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between dream lucidity, i.e., a dreamer's insight to the ongoing dream, and attention by considering lucid...