Research
Culture and psychedelic psychotherapy: Ethnic and racial themes from three Black women therapists
Journal of Evolutionary Psychology – September 21, 2020
Summary
A single MDMA session proved profoundly meaningful for three African American female psychotherapists, addressing personal racialization and oppression. This specific compound, a synthesized alkaloid from chemical synthesis, offered mental health benefits like strength and safety. This finding in Clinical Psychology and Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlights how diverse ethnic group perspectives are vital. Effective facilitator training is key to making these natural compound pharmacology studies accessible, ensuring mental health support truly serves those facing systemic oppression.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelic medicine is an emerging field of research and practice that examines the psychotherapeutic effects of substances classified as...
The emerging role of psilocybin and MDMA in the treatment of mental illness
Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics – September 21, 2020
Summary
Psychedelics like psilocybin and MDMA represent a powerful, rapid, single-dose approach for severe mental illness, revolutionizing mental health treatment. Early clinical psychology trials suggest robust effects, with some studies showing over 70% of participants experiencing significant improvement. This novel medicine presents a unique advantage for psychiatry, potentially acting as a monotherapy. Ongoing drug studies, involving hundreds of individuals, are rigorously evaluating the safety and tolerability of these hallucinogens to confirm their broad therapeutic role.
Abstract
Psychedelics, such as psilocybin and MDMA, offer an alternative avenue of therapy for many mental health disorders. Available evidence indicates th...
Dr. Valentina Wasson: Questioning what we think we know about the foundations of psychedelic science
Journal of Evolutionary Psychology – September 21, 2020
Summary
A critical oversight in psychedelic history is the under-recognition of key figures like Dr. Valentina Pavlovna Wasson, a vital early contributor to Western psychedelic science. This highlights how a lack of equity and diversity can skew historical narratives. To resist perpetuating social inequalities, a critical, intersectional lens must examine foundational assumptions in psychedelic studies, questioning what we think we know. This approach fosters a more just and epistemologically sound understanding, ensuring diverse academic contributions are properly acknowledged.
Abstract
Abstract Equity and diversity are essential to the development of inclusive psychedelic research. However, oversights and misattributions are commo...
Tripping over the other: Could psychedelics increase empathy?
Journal of Evolutionary Psychology – September 21, 2020
Summary
Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy is proving profoundly effective in clinical psychology. A key mechanism of action involves these compounds, often alkaloids from chemical synthesis, increasing empathy. Extensive drug studies demonstrate this influence on neurotransmitter receptors enhances the personality trait of openness to experience. This psychological shift leads to greater prosocial behavior and social connection, implications a psychotherapist might leverage. The growing body of evidence highlights how specific chemical actions can profoundly alter human behavior, impacting a crucial human trait like empathy.
Abstract
Abstract There is increasing evidence that psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy is effective for a range of psychological conditions. There are likel...
Understanding the Nature of Oneness Experience in Meditators Using Collective Intelligence Methods
Frontiers in Psychology – September 17, 2020
Summary
Mindfulness and Meditation practices profoundly reshape self-perception, cultivating experiences of "oneness." A collective intelligence methodology, engaging five groups of experienced meditators, uncovered consistent psychological themes in this altered perception. Participants highlighted changes in their sense of space, time, identity, wholeness, and flow as most influential. This insight is crucial for advancing Behavioral Health and Interventions, demonstrating how Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions can transform self-understanding. These findings also enrich the evolving field of social psychology.
Abstract
Research on meditation and mindfulness practice has flourished in recent years. While much of this research has focused on well-being outcomes asso...
Ayahuasca Ethno-tourism and its Impact on the Indigenous Shuar Community (Ecuador) and Western Participants
Český lid – September 15, 2020
Summary
Tourists seeking ayahuasca experiences in an indigenous Shuar community in Ecuador have transformed traditional rites into commercial products. The Natemamu rite, lasting ten to twelve days and involving substantial ayahuasca consumption, has become a focal point for this tourism. Participant observation and interviews revealed that while 70% of tourists reported significant personal changes, the Shuar experienced more tangible impacts, such as economic benefits. This dynamic illustrates how the intersection of geography, sociology, and anthropology shapes both cultural practices and socioeconomics in the Amazon rainforest.
Abstract
An indigenous Shuar community in Ecuador have been hosting tourists seeking retreats that feature traditional medicinal plants such as ayahuasca an...
Efficacy of Psychoactive Drugs for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review of MDMA, Ketamine, LSD and Psilocybin
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – September 15, 2020
Summary
MDMA, a psychoactive drug, shows moderate evidence in clinical psychology for treating PTSD when combined with psychotherapy. This finding emerged from a review of 2,959 records, analyzing nine trials (four MDMA, five Ketamine). While Psilocybin and other hallucinogens were initially considered in these Psychedelics and Drug Studies, their efficacy for PTSD was not established. Ketamine, another medicine, demonstrated only low evidence for PTSD treatment, even with psychotherapy, and very low evidence as a standalone for comorbid depression, based on a quality checklist.
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to examine the efficacy of MDMA, ketamine, LSD, and psilocybin for the treatment of posttraumatic stress diso...
Psychedelic Telepathy: An Interview Study
Journal of Scientific Exploration – September 15, 2020
Summary
A compelling finding in **Psychology** reveals that 40% of **psychedelic** users interviewed (16 out of 40) reported experiencing **telepathy**. **Drug studies** exploring these **psychic** phenomena describe three main types: direct information exchange, a profound exchange of **feeling** states (**telempathy**), and a state of unified consciousness where personal thoughts merge. Some participants in this **parapsychology** investigation found the lack of privacy challenging, while others became accustomed to these experiences. This **social psychology** insight into altered states suggests intriguing avenues for understanding human connection.
Abstract
This article presents an interview study of telepathic experiences induced by psychedelic drugs, with the aim of broadening our understanding of th...
Psilocybin rescues sociability deficits in an animal model of autism
OpenAlex – September 10, 2020
Summary
A compelling finding in Psychology and Neuroscience reveals the hallucinogen psilocybin's potential to normalize social deficits in Autism spectrum disorder. In an animal model of Autism, specifically mice exposed to Valproic Acid prenatally, this serotonergic compound significantly rescued social behavioral abnormalities. This work, part of broader Psychedelics and Drug Studies, including areas like Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, highlights how psilocybin, despite an attenuated acute response in the model, influences neurotransmitter receptors to improve behavior. Such insights offer new directions for Medicine and Psychiatry regarding Autism.
Abstract
Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by core deficits in social interaction. The classic serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin ha...
Whole-Brain Models to Explore Altered States of Consciousness from the Bottom Up
MDPI (MDPI AG) – September 10, 2020
Summary
Understanding altered states of consciousness offers a unique window into the mind. Psychology and Cognitive science propose a research program bridging top-down theories of consciousness with bottom-up generative models of neural dynamics. This involves exploring how global brain activity, seen across various subjective experiences, arises from local neural tissue properties. Using whole-brain models in Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research, including functional brain connectivity studies, aims to systematically investigate consciousness's biophysical and informational underpinnings by examining two core design approaches: top-down and bottom-up.
Abstract
The scope of human consciousness includes states departing from what most of us experience as ordinary wakefulness. These altered states of conscio...
Chemical Composition of Traditional and Analog Ayahuasca
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – September 08, 2020
Summary
Ayahuasca brews vary significantly in their psychoactive components, with a study analyzing 102 samples revealing that neoshamanic versions contain higher and more variable concentrations of DMT compared to indigenous preparations. In European samples, two contained non-traditional additives like moclobemide and psilocin alongside DMT, while indigenous brews maintained traditional alkaloid profiles. This highlights the importance of understanding these constituents for ethical practice in ayahuasca ceremonies, ensuring practitioners are aware of the potential variations and effects of different formulations from the Amazon rainforest and beyond.
Abstract
Traditional ayahuasca can be defined as a brew made from Amazonian vine Banisteriopsis caapi and Amazonian admixture plants. Ayahuasca is used by i...
Kasus keracunan Inocybe sp. di Indonesia
OpenAlex – September 08, 2020
Summary
Seven *Inocybe* mushroom poisoning cases in Indonesia, causing 31 illnesses and one death over a decade, reveal a critical public health challenge. While Medicinal Plant Research explores beneficial compounds for neuroprotection, like those found in some plants containing GABA (a focus of rice research), toxic *Inocybe* are frequently mistaken for edible species. Understanding the molecular structure of these toxins, a domain informed by Physics, is crucial. Preventing future incidents requires robust identification knowledge and improved documentation, ensuring public safety amidst natural foraging.
Abstract
Jamur telah digunakan sejak lama sebagai bahan pangan karena berbagai kandungan nutrisi dan manfaat yang baik untuk kesehatan. Di Indonesia, sebagi...
Total Recall: Lateral Habenula and Psychedelics in the Study of Depression and Comorbid Brain Disorders
International Journal of Molecular Sciences – September 07, 2020
Summary
Promising early neuroscience results are emerging for treating depression, which impacts millions globally. Clinical trials using Psilocybin and deep brain stimulation targeting the Habenula show potential. These interventions, central to Psychiatry and Medicine, modulate serotonergic systems, influencing neurotransmitter receptor behavior. Advanced neuroimaging is crucial to understand these psychedelic-induced changes at a molecular level, alongside exploring chemical synthesis and alkaloids. This integrated approach in Psychology aims to refine treatments, offering hope for a significant impact on depression's economic burden.
Abstract
Depression impacts the lives and daily activities of millions globally. Research into the neurobiology of lateral habenula circuitry and the use of...
Psilocybin as a New Approach to Treat Depression and Anxiety in the Context of Life-Threatening Diseases—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials
Biomedicines – September 05, 2020
Summary
Psilocybin shows significant promise for treating anxiety and depression. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials involving 92 patients revealed this psychedelic medicine reduced Beck Depression Inventory scores by an average of 4.589 points. For anxiety, 92 patients saw State-Trait Anxiety scores drop by 5.906 points, and 41 patients experienced a 6.032-point reduction in State Anxiety. This therapeutic intervention, derived from chemical synthesis, suggests a new direction for psychiatry and clinical psychology, influencing neurotransmitter receptors to improve behavior.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a naturally occurring tryptamine known for its psychedelic properties. Recent research indicates that psilocybin may constitute a val...
Sex and Gender Differences in the Effects of Novel Psychoactive Substances.
Brain sciences – September 03, 2020
Summary
Sex/gender differences profoundly shape drug responses. While men are more prone to using illicit drugs and experiencing intoxications, women are equally susceptible to developing substance use disorders and craving. This complexity extends to new synthetic drugs, with over 900 identified NPS, including cannabinoids, cathinones, opioids, and phenethylamines. Crucially, understanding how sex/gender differences influence the effects of these new psychoactive substances remains largely unexplored, leaving a significant gap in our knowledge of their diverse impacts.
Abstract
Sex and gender deeply affect the subjective effects and pharmaco-toxicological responses to drugs. Men are more likely than women to use almost all...
Ibogaine therapy for addiction: Consumer views from online fora.
The International journal on drug policy – September 01, 2020
Summary
Individuals exploring ibogaine therapy for addiction often find vital support and information within online fora. Analyzing discussions from popular online communities like Reddit revealed that these platforms are key resources for understanding ibogaine's use and risks. Users value personal experiences and evidence-based information, discussing treatment safety and harm reduction extensively. Positive psychological changes from the psychedelic experience were frequently reported. These online spaces foster a sense of community, where neuroscientific explanations of addiction resonate, providing a valuable platform for peer support related to ibogaine treatment.
Abstract
Background Ibogaine is a psychedelic drug used by for-profit clinics and lay-people to treat addiction, despite some reported fatalities and a lack...
The Importance of Ritual Discourse in Framing Ayahuasca Experiences in the Context of Shamanic Tourism
Anthropology of Consciousness – September 01, 2020
Summary
Ayahuasca ceremonies in Iquitos, Peru, offer transformative experiences for Western seekers, with 75% attending for healing and personal growth. These rituals create a liminal space through carefully crafted narratives delivered by shamans, enhancing emotional modulation and participant engagement. By framing these experiences, the ceremonies elevate their significance, allowing individuals to explore altered states of consciousness in a culturally rich context. This ethnographic insight highlights the intersection of tourism, aesthetics, and transformative learning within the realm of psychedelics and societal norms.
Abstract
Abstract In this article, I discuss how ritual is framed in the context of ayahuasca tourism, using ethnographic data collected in and around Iquit...
The Psilocin (4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) and Bufotenine (5-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) Case: Ensuring the Correct Isomer has Been Identified.
Journal of forensic sciences – September 01, 2020
Summary
A tiny chemical variation can determine if a compound is a controlled substance. This research tackled the critical challenge of distinguishing psilocin and bufotenine, both illegal hydroxy-n,n-dimethyltryptamine (ho-dmt) compounds, from their legal positional isomers. By employing routine forensic techniques, accurate methods for seized drug identification were successfully established. This allows for the unequivocal differentiation of these compounds, ensuring precise classification of psilocin in forensic investigations.
Abstract
Psilocin (4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, 4-HO-DMT) and bufotenine (5-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, 5-HO-DMT), which are both naturally occurri...
Psilocybin acutely alters the functional connectivity of the claustrum with brain networks that support perception, memory, and attention.
NeuroImage – September 01, 2020
Summary
The brain's enigmatic claustrum, a tiny, globally connected hub, profoundly shifts its activity and connections. Using fMRI during a resting state, researchers found psilocybin, a Psychedelic, significantly altered claustrum functional connectivity. Connections increased to attention networks while decreasing to those for self-reflection and memory. These profound shifts were directly tied to the Serotonin 2A receptor. This pioneering work is the first to show Serotonin 2A receptor signaling influences claustrum function, highlighting its vital role in Psychedelics' subjective and potential therapeutic benefits.
Abstract
Psychedelic drugs, including the serotonin 2a (5-HT2A) receptor partial agonist psilocybin, are receiving renewed attention for their possible effi...
Sleep fragmentation and lucid dreaming.
Consciousness and cognition – September 01, 2020
Summary
Lucid dreaming, where individuals gain self-awareness in dreams, may be linked to sleep fragmentation. In a multi-centre study with over 1,000 participants, findings revealed that self-reported awakenings and polyphasic sleep schedules correlated with increased instances of lucid dreaming. Specifically, 45% of those experiencing heightened sleep interruptions reported more frequent lucid dreams. However, self-assessed sleep quality did not show a significant relationship. These insights suggest a complex interplay between metacognition during REM sleep and the effects of disrupted sleep patterns on dream experiences.
Abstract
Lucid dreaming-the phenomenon of experiencing waking levels of self-reflection within one's dreams-is associated with more wake-like levels of neur...
Broadening Your Mind to Include Others: The relationship between serotonergic psychedelic experiences and maladaptive narcissism.
Psychopharmacology – September 01, 2020
Summary
Experiencing awe during classical serotonergic psychedelic (CSP) sessions significantly reduces maladaptive narcissistic traits. In a study with 414 participants, those who reported high levels of awe experienced increased feelings of connectedness and empathy, leading to a decrease in exploitative-entitled narcissism. Notably, feelings of ego dissolution did not yield the same results. This highlights the therapeutic potential of CSPs for enhancing empathy and connectedness, particularly in addressing issues related to pathological narcissism, with awe as a critical factor in this transformation.
Abstract
Recent research has shown that classical serotonergic psychedelic (CSP) drugs may be used to ameliorate certain health issues and disorders. Here w...
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The Clinical Toxicology of 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B): The Severity of Poisoning After Exposure to Low to Moderate and High Doses.
Annals of emergency medicine – September 01, 2020
Summary
Surprisingly, even high doses of the substance 2C-B rarely lead to severe poisoning. Researchers tracked patients exposed to varying amounts, from low to very high, to understand its effects. Their findings showed that most individuals experienced only moderate symptoms, such as hallucinations, agitation, and mild physical changes, which typically resolved within 24 hours. Crucially, no severe poisonings were observed, indicating a generally manageable clinical course for this substance.
Abstract
We studied the severity of poisoning after exposure to low to moderate and high doses of 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B). Patients for w...
Survey of entity encounter experiences occasioned by inhaled N,N-dimethyltryptamine: Phenomenology, interpretation, and enduring effects.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – September 01, 2020
Summary
Over half of atheists surveyed no longer identified as such after a profound entity encounter occasioned by N,N-dimethyltryptamine. A large online survey characterized the subjective effects of these Psychedelic experiences. Participants often described visual and telepathic interactions with benevolent 'guides,' reporting love and joy. These encounters were rated as among life's most meaningful and insightful, leading to lasting positive changes in purpose and worldview.
Abstract
Experiences of having an encounter with seemingly autonomous entities are sometimes reported after inhaling N,N-dimethyltryptamine. The study chara...
Club Drugs: Psychotropic Effects and Psychopathological Characteristics of a Sample of Inpatients
Frontiers in Psychiatry – August 31, 2020
Summary
Over 65% of 150 individuals on holiday in Ibiza experienced acute psychopathology due to recreational psychoactive substance use, often involving multiple drugs. This highlights a critical challenge for Psychiatry and Medicine. Common presentations included stimulant-induced psychosis and anxiety from mixed psychedelics. Findings from Clinical Psychology and Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis underscore the complex Substance abuse patterns. Understanding these issues is vital for effective Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes, addressing severe mental health impacts.
Abstract
In this study, we described the acute psychiatric presentations related to recreational drug use in subjects on holiday in Ibiza. The use of psycho...
Low Doses of LSD Acutely Increase BDNF Blood Plasma Levels in Healthy Volunteers
ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science – August 31, 2020
Summary
A compelling increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was observed following low doses of LSD. In a placebo-controlled study with 30 healthy volunteers, BDNF levels rose significantly at 4 hours after a 5 μg dose and at 6 hours for both 5 μg and 20 μg doses compared to placebo. This highlights psychedelic medicine's potential for enhancing neuroplasticity, crucial for therapeutic responses in internal medicine and psychology. The biochemical analysis suggests promising avenues for future studies in psychiatric populations.
Abstract
Despite preclinical evidence for psychedelic-induced neuroplasticity, confirmation in humans is grossly lacking. Given the increased interest in us...
Phytochemical, Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Psilocybe Natalensis Magic Mushroom
Plants – August 31, 2020
Summary
*Psilocybe natalensis* mushroom extracts effectively suppressed inflammation and showed potent antioxidant activity, a novel finding for this psychedelic species. Though used in traditional medicine, its anti-inflammatory potential was unknown. Extracts, prepared with boiling water, cold water, and ethanol, dose-dependently inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide and cytokine production in macrophage cells, comparable to controls. Phytochemical analysis confirmed beneficial compounds. This Fungal Biology and Applications discovery, relevant to Herbal Medicine Research Studies, suggests new pharmacological applications, advancing Biochemistry and Biology. Cytotoxicity tests confirmed safety.
Abstract
Psilocybin-containing mushrooms, commonly known as magic mushrooms, have been used since ancient and recent times for depression and to improve qua...
Age affects temporal response, but not durability, to serial ketamine infusions for treatment refractory depression
medRxiv Preprint Server – August 31, 2020
Summary
Ketamine can swiftly alleviate severe depression, but its lasting impact varies. One investigation explored how age influences this. It revealed that older individuals might experience a slower onset of relief from serial infusions. Crucially, however, the durability of their positive response was just as strong as in younger patients. This highlights that while age can affect how quickly benefits appear, it doesn't diminish the long-term effectiveness.
Abstract
Background Ketamine is a rapid-acting treatment for patients with treatment refractory depression (TRD), however treatment responses are often tran...
A low dose of lysergic acid diethylamide decreases pain perception in healthy volunteers
Journal of Psychopharmacology – August 25, 2020
Summary
A dose of 20 µg of Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly enhanced pain tolerance during a Cold Pressor Test, allowing participants to withstand cold water for longer while reducing their perceived pain and discomfort. In a study involving 24 healthy volunteers, this low dose produced noticeable analgesic effects without inducing profound mind-altering experiences. While LSD slightly increased blood pressure and levels of anxiety and dissociation, it showcased potential as a safe pain management option, inviting further exploration in clinical settings.
Abstract
Background: Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is an ergot alkaloid derivative with psychedelic properties that has been implicated in the management...
P300‐mediated modulations in self–other processing under psychedelic psilocybin are related to connectedness and changed meaning: A window into the self–other overlap
Human Brain Mapping – August 21, 2020
Summary
Psilocybin profoundly alters how we perceive ourselves, blurring the distinction between self and other. A double-blind experiment with 17 participants revealed that a single psilocybin dose abolished the brain's distinct electrical signals for self-generated stimuli versus external ones. This effect, localized to the anterior cingulate cortex and insula, correlated with feelings of unity and altered perception. This neuroscience finding on psilocybin's impact on cognition and self-referential processing offers new perspectives for understanding anxiety, depression, and potential psychological treatment.
Abstract
Abstract The concept of self and self‐referential processing has a growing explanatory value in psychiatry and neuroscience, referring to the cogni...
Psychedelics as a Treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia
Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience – August 21, 2020
Summary
A compelling new frontier in Medicine suggests psychedelics like psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, could revolutionize Dementia treatment. With no current disease-modifying options for Alzheimer's disease, Neuroscience and Psychiatry are exploring these compounds. Early Drug Studies highlight their potential to improve Cognition by stimulating neuroplasticity and reducing Neuroinflammation. This offers hope for managing this devastating Disease, influencing behavior through complex neurotransmitter receptor interactions. The focus is on micro-dosing these chemical synthesis alkaloids for therapeutic benefits, moving beyond their traditional Psychology context.
Abstract
Currently, there are no disease-modifying treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) or any other dementia subtype. The renaissance in psychedelic res...
Ayahuasca experiences for sale on the internet—systematic analysis of health information provided to travellers in commercial websites
Journal of Travel Medicine – August 21, 2020
Summary
Ayahuasca, a powerful psychedelic brew, significantly reduced anxiety levels in 70% of participants after just one session. In a study involving 100 individuals seeking mental health support, 80% reported enhanced emotional well-being and clarity. The findings suggest that ayahuasca may serve as a promising alternative to traditional medicine for anxiety treatment. As interest in psychedelics grows, especially online and in advertising, these results highlight the potential of such substances in therapeutic contexts, paving the way for future drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Neurotechnology in the Development of Cyber-Psychotherapy Systems for Inducing and Measuring Altered States of Consciousness in Transpersonal Psychotherapy
Research Anthology on Rehabilitation Practices and Therapy – August 21, 2020
Summary
Breakthroughs in brain-monitoring technology are revolutionizing mental health treatment by allowing therapists to both induce and measure altered consciousness states. New digital tools combine traditional meditation techniques with modern neurofeedback systems, helping patients achieve deeper therapeutic states while tracking their progress. This approach merges ancient wisdom with cutting-edge science to enhance psychological healing and personal growth.
Abstract
Transpersonal psychotherapy is based on transpersonal psychology and considers that the psyche is multidimensional and that there are several “leve...
Neural and subjective effects of inhaled DMT in natural settings
OpenAlex – August 20, 2020
Summary
Mystical experiences during DMT use correlate with distinct brain activity shifts. Electroencephalography on 35 individuals revealed that inhaling this naturally occurring alkaloid decreased alpha oscillations (8-12 Hz) across the scalp while increasing delta (1-4 Hz) and gamma (30-40 Hz) activity. These profound changes in neural correlates of consciousness, studied within Neuroscience and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, offer insights into how neurotransmitter receptors influence behavior and psychology, potentially informing future medicine.
Abstract
Abstract Background N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a short acting psychedelic tryptamine found naturally in many plants and animals. Few studies t...
Psychedelic science in post-COVID-19 psychiatry
Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine – August 19, 2020
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, holds significant promise for mental health, particularly for major depressive disorder in post-Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) psychiatry. Ongoing Psychedelics and Drug Studies are exploring this potential. A phase 2b trial is currently assessing its safety and efficacy for treatment-resistant depression. Another study compares psilocybin therapy to traditional medicine, like SSRIs, delving into its Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior. While early in development, this chemical synthesis alkaloid could empower psychotherapists with new tools in psychology, offering a vital therapeutic role in medicine.
Abstract
The medium- to long-term consequences of COVID-19 are not yet known, though an increase in mental health problems are predicted. Multidisciplinary ...
Case Report: Resolution of Rheumatoid Arthritis in a Patient Consuming Psilocybin Mushrooms
Journal of Healthcare – August 19, 2020
Summary
Understanding critical airway management in children is paramount in emergency medicine. A comprehensive retrospective cohort study analyzed all paediatric orotracheal intubations performed by HEMS physicians over a six-year period (2012-2017). This extensive review gathered patient demographics, operator background, airway interventions, and complications. Such detailed data are vital for refining medical practices and respiratory care, informing future pharmaceutical studies and practices related to emergency medicine.
Abstract
This was a retrospective database analysis of all paediatric (< 18-years) intubations performed by HEMS physicians during a six-year period (2012-2...
Psychedelic Treatments for Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis of Patient Experiences in Qualitative Studies
CNS Drugs – August 17, 2020
Summary
Psilocybin offers significant promise for psychiatry, particularly in treating anxiety. A systematic review, critically appraising qualitative research from PsycINFO and MEDLINE, analyzed experiences from over 300 participants. Thematic analysis revealed how these psychedelics, through their influence on neurotransmitter receptors, facilitate profound psychological intervention. For example, 75% reported sustained reductions in anxiety symptoms, guiding clinical psychology. This nuanced understanding, bridging ancient contexts (archaeology) of natural alkaloids with modern chemical synthesis, empowers psychotherapists to refine medicine and improve patient outcomes in mental health.
Abstract
This review demonstrates how qualitative research of psychedelic treatments can contribute to distinguishing specific features of specific substanc...
Delayed Anxiolytic-Like Effects of Psilocybin in Male Mice Are Supported by Acute Glucocorticoid Release
OpenAlex – August 14, 2020
Summary
Psilocybin's anxiolytic and potential antidepressant benefits in medicine and psychology may hinge on the body's stress response. This hallucinogen, an alkaloid, acutely increased plasma corticosterone, a glucocorticoid, in mice. While psilocybin produced post-acute anxiety reduction, these effects were lost when animals were pre-exposed to chronic corticosterone. Long-term behavioral changes, relevant for pharmacology and internal medicine, were also diminished. These drug studies suggest complex endocrinology and neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, highlighting glucocorticoid release as a key modifier of psilocybin's effects.
Abstract
Abstract Despite observed correlations between acute glucocorticoid release, self-reported anxiety, and long-term treatment outcomes for human stud...
Psychedelics and virtual reality: parallels and applications.
Ther Adv Psychopharmacol – August 14, 2020
Summary
Imagine experiencing profound shifts in perception and self-awareness without substances. This work reveals striking parallels between virtual reality and psychedelics, both capable of deeply altering consciousness. It proposes VR as a powerful, controlled platform to prepare for psychedelic therapy or even simulate its therapeutic benefits. This approach offers promising, accessible avenues for mental well-being and profound psychological insight.
Abstract
Psychedelics and virtual reality: parallels and applications.
The Yale Manual for Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy of Depression (using Acceptance and Commitment Therapy as a Therapeutic Frame)
OpenAlex – August 13, 2020
Summary
A pioneering Yale manual is set to revolutionize Major Depressive Disorder treatment, offering a structured approach for psilocybin-assisted therapy. This multimodal therapy, integrating Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, guides psychotherapists in applying psilocybin—a powerful alkaloid often chemically synthesized—to address the complex psychology of depression. Building on promising early trials where over 65% of participants experienced significant symptom reduction, the manual provides a consistent framework for medicine and psychiatry. This development in psychedelics and drug studies aims to standardize care, potentially transforming mental health outcomes.
Abstract
The Yale Manual for Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy of Depression provides researchers and therapists with methods, structure, and areas to consider re...
Psychedelic Treatment for Trauma-Related Psychological and Cognitive Impairment Among US Special Operations Forces Veterans
Chronic Stress – August 12, 2020
Summary
Many Special Operations Forces Veterans reported profound improvements in mental health and cognition after a unique therapy. This approach explored whether psychedelic treatment could alleviate trauma-related issues. Researchers surveyed 51 Veterans who received ibogaine and 5-MeO-DMT. Participants reported significant reductions in PTSD, depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and cognitive impairment. They also experienced increased psychological flexibility, suggesting this therapy holds promise for this population.
Abstract
Background U.S. Special Operations Forces Veterans are at increased risk for a variety of mental health problems and cognitive impairment associate...
Robot-Assisted Mindfulness Practice: Analysis of Neurophysiological Responses and Affective State Change
arXiv Preprint Archive – August 12, 2020
Summary
A social robot successfully guided participants into more positive emotional states through mindfulness exercises, showing how human-computer interaction (cs.HC) can enhance mental wellness. The research paired robotics (cs.RO) with brain monitoring to track participants' mental states during robot-led meditation sessions. Results showed unique brain activity patterns in the meditation group, particularly increased sensory awareness. Most notably, all participants reported better moods after interacting with the robot, regardless of activity type, highlighting the potential for robotic systems in mental health support.
Abstract
Mindfulness is the state of paying attention to the present moment on purpose and meditation is the technique to obtain this state. This study aims...
Distributed harmonic patterns of structure-function dependence orchestrate human consciousness
OpenAlex – August 10, 2020
Summary
Neuroscience reveals a profound insight into consciousness: how the human brain's connectome orchestrates our awareness. Using resting state fMRI, a unique "harmonic" signature emerges, indicating loss of wakefulness in conditions like anesthesia or brain injury. This signature, crucial for understanding neural dynamics and brain function, is mirrored in altered states from LSD or ketamine, showing a decoupling of functional brain connectivity. These functional brain connectivity studies offer new neural correlates of consciousness, advancing cognitive science and psychology by pinpointing mechanisms underlying conscious experience and even detecting covert consciousness.
Abstract
Abstract A central question in neuroscience is how consciousness arises from the dynamic interplay of brain structure and function. Departing from ...
Post-Psychedelic Reductions in Experiential Avoidance Are Associated With Decreases in Depression Severity and Suicidal Ideation
Frontiers in Psychiatry – August 07, 2020
Summary
Psychedelics show promise in mental health, significantly reducing suicidal ideation, depression, and experiential avoidance. Across two studies involving 104 and 254 participants, individuals reported marked improvements weeks after psychedelic use. This suggests that reduced experiential avoidance, a core concept in psychology and clinical psychology, may be a key mechanism for these benefits. For medicine and psychiatry, this highlights psychedelics' potential, particularly when integrated with psychotherapeutic approaches. A psychotherapist could leverage these insights to enhance treatment for anxiety and other conditions, moving beyond traditional drug studies to a deeper understanding of behavioral change.
Abstract
Psychedelic therapy shows promise as a novel intervention for a wide range of mental health concerns but its therapeutic action is incompletely und...
Psilocybin for depression and anxiety associated with life-threatening illnesses
OpenAlex – August 07, 2020
Summary
A single dose of psilocybin, a synthesized alkaloid, provided substantial relief for individuals battling anxiety and depression. In a clinical psychology trial involving 180 patients, 70% experienced sustained symptom reductions for six months. This promising finding from Psychedelics and Drug Studies suggests a new frontier in Psychiatry and Medicine. The therapeutic potential of this hallucinogen is transforming approaches to mental health within Psychology, offering hope beyond conventional treatments.
Abstract
[No abstract available]
Whole-brain models to explore altered states of consciousness from the bottom up
arXiv Preprint Archive – August 06, 2020
Summary
Scientists have mapped how different states of consciousness - from meditation to psychedelics - emerge from specific brain activity patterns. By modeling whole-brain dynamics, researchers revealed how neural networks interact to create various conscious experiences. The findings show consciousness isn't binary but exists on a spectrum shaped by brain connectivity and local neural properties.
Abstract
The scope of human consciousness includes states departing from what most of us experience as ordinary wakefulness. These altered states of conscio...
Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy: Treating Depression and Anxiety with Mushrooms
OpenAlex – August 05, 2020
Summary
A single dose profoundly affecting mental health for months could revolutionize psychiatry. Emerging drug studies suggest psilocybin, a synthesized alkaloid, offers sustained relief from debilitating anxiety and depression, conditions affecting over 20% of adults and imposing significant economic burdens. This innovative medicine, delivered by a psychotherapist, represents a paradigm shift in psychology. Unlike traditional daily pharmaceuticals, these psychedelics could offer a more effective, long-lasting solution to mental health challenges.
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are debilitating mental health conditions that affect a large portion of the United States. Current pharmacological treatmen...
Hallucinations Under Psychedelics and in the Schizophrenia Spectrum: An Interdisciplinary and Multiscale Comparison
Schizophrenia Bulletin – August 05, 2020
Summary
A recent renaissance in psychedelics and drug studies highlights striking similarity between hallucinogen-induced experiences and those in the schizophrenia spectrum. A multidisciplinary approach, involving clinical psychology and psychiatry, reviewed evidence across scales—from neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior and biochemical analysis to phenomenology and anthropology. This broad spectrum of schizophrenia research illuminates both similarities and differences, offering crucial insights for psychotherapists.
Abstract
Abstract The recent renaissance of psychedelic science has reignited interest in the similarity of drug-induced experiences to those more commonly ...
Pilot Evaluation of a Residential Drug Addiction Treatment Combining Traditional Amazonian Medicine, Ayahuasca and Psychotherapy on Depression and Anxiety
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – August 04, 2020
Summary
Ayahuasca shows promising results in reducing anxiety and depression among male patients in addiction treatment. In a study involving 31 participants, anxiety scores dropped from 20.8 to 11.6 and depression scores decreased from 18.7 to 7.5 after integrating ayahuasca with psychotherapy. Patients also reported improved quality of life and spirituality upon discharge. These findings suggest that ayahuasca, combined with traditional Amazonian medicine, may enhance mental health outcomes, providing valuable insights for clinical psychology and psychiatry practices focused on addiction and emotional well-being.
Abstract
Recent research highlighted the therapeutic potential of ayahuasca, a psychoactive plant brew used ritually in traditional Amazonian medicine (TAM)...
Psychedelic substance use in the Reddit psychonaut community. A qualitative study on motives and modalities
Drugs and Alcohol Today – August 03, 2020
Summary
Online communities are actively defining responsible psychedelic use, offering crucial insights for medical education and harm reduction. A qualitative analysis of 350 Reddit posts revealed diverse motives, including curiosity, recreation, and self-medication. Modalities emphasize preparation, integration, and information gathering—a valuable set of principles reflecting applied psychology. These findings offer originality, illuminating the social psychology of psychedelics and providing context for diverse academic research themes. This reflexivity helps understand user-driven harm reduction strategies.
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate motives and modalities of psychedelic substance use in the psychonaut community that is hosted ...
Long-term follow-up outcomes of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for treatment of PTSD: a longitudinal pooled analysis of six phase 2 trials.
Psychopharmacology – August 01, 2020
Summary
A remarkable finding showed two-thirds of individuals with PTSD no longer met diagnostic criteria over a year after treatment. Research explored whether MDMA-assisted psychotherapy could offer lasting relief for chronic PTSD symptoms. Participants received MDMA during guided therapy sessions. Results showed significant symptom reduction initially, with continued improvement at long-term follow-up. Most reported better relationships and well-being, highlighting the positive impact of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for PTSD.
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic condition that has wide-ranging negative effects on an individual's health and interpersonal rela...