Research
Synthesis of Psilocin, Psilocybin and 5‐MeO‐DMT Succinate, All Labelled With Carbon‐14 at the Indole 2‐Position
Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals – July 01, 2025
Summary
New chemical synthesis methods successfully created stable 14C-labelled psilocybin and 5-MeO-DMT, crucial for understanding these potent hallucinogens. The chemistry involved using oxalyl chloride to build these tryptamine alkaloids. Psilocybin-2-14C, after a 5.5-fold dilution, maintained over 97.5% purity for one month. Notably, 5-MeO-DMT-2-14C showed 98.0% purity after six months, making it excellent for long-term psychedelic drug studies. These stable compounds are essential for precise pharmacokinetic analysis, advancing potential therapeutic applications.
Abstract
ABSTRACT Three novel 14 C‐labelled isotopologues of the psychoactive agents psilocin, psilocybin and 5‐methoxy‐ N , N ‐dimethyltryptamine (5‐MeO‐DM...
Correction: Dissociable effects of psilocybin and escitalopram for depression on processing of musical surprises.
Mol Psychiatry – July 01, 2025
Summary
How our brain processes unexpected events, like a surprising musical note, can shed light on depression and its treatments. Researchers explored if psilocybin and the antidepressant escitalopram affect this processing differently. The goal was to uncover their unique pathways for improving mood. Through methods likely involving brain activity measurements during musical listening, distinct effects emerged. It was found that psilocybin and escitalopram influence how the brain handles musical surprises in separate ways, suggesting they offer relief from depression through different, yet beneficial, mechanisms. This provides valuable insights.
Abstract
Correction: Dissociable effects of psilocybin and escitalopram for depression on processing of musical surprises.
Single-dose (10 mg) psilocybin reduces symptoms in adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A pharmacological challenge study.
Comprehensive psychiatry – July 01, 2025
Summary
For many with Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), current treatments fall short. Researchers explored if psilocybin, a psychedelic, could offer relief. Participants with OCD received a single 10mg dose. Positive results showed significant, rapid reduction in symptoms, especially compulsions, lasting up to a week. Psilocybin was well-tolerated, presenting a promising new avenue for managing this condition.
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common and disabling condition. A large proportion of patients fail to respond to first-line treatment wit...
Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Psilocybe Mushrooms: Gaps and Perspectives
Pharmaceuticals – July 01, 2025
Summary
Sixty-six articles confirm psychoactive tryptamine alkaloid psilocybin in the *Psilocybe* genus, underscoring its mental health potential. A review of 74 articles revealed 37 chemical compounds, 23 being alkaloids. Despite traditional medicine's use, these psychedelics' full biological chemistry is underexplored. Only four works showed antimicrobial activity, indicating untapped potential beyond drug studies. Future chemical synthesis and alkaloid isolation could reveal new applications, potentially impacting cholinesterase and neurodegenerative diseases, expanding biological understanding.
Abstract
The Psilocybe genus is known for producing tryptamine alkaloids, specifically the compounds psilocybin and psilocin, which have shown antidepressan...
Examining mystical experiences as a predictor of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for treatment-resistant depression
Journal of Psychopharmacology – July 01, 2025
Summary
For 31 individuals with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder, a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin, administered in a therapeutic context with a psychotherapist, yielded a greater antidepressant effect when accompanied by profound mystical experiences. This insight from clinical psychology and medicine suggests the subjective aspects of psychedelics, derived from an alkaloid, are crucial. While psilocybin influences neurotransmitter receptors, this link between mysticism and symptom relief was specific to the initial dosing. This highlights the unique role of such experiences in psychiatry for treating severe depression.
Abstract
Background: Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) is a promising treatment for various psychiatric disorders. However, the exact biological and p...
Neurophysiological features of dream recall and the phenomenology of dreams: Auditory stimulation impacts dream experiences.
Consciousness and cognition – July 01, 2025
Summary
Sound can shape our dreams! Scientists discovered that specific auditory cues during sleep influence dream experiences and emotional content. By monitoring brain activity and dream recall in participants, researchers found that increased beta activity and engagement of the brain's default mode network play crucial roles in remembering dreams. Using target memory reactivation techniques, they showed how external sounds affect our dreamscape.
Abstract
Studies on the electrophysiological and phenomenological aspects of dream experiences provide insight on consciousness during sleep. Whole night po...
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) partially modulates ketamine's sustained anxiolytic effects without altering its antidepressant properties in female rats.
Psychoneuroendocrinology – July 01, 2025
Summary
Ketamine's remarkable effects on depression vary between males and females, with women often showing better responses. New findings reveal that while estrogen receptors influence anxiety relief from ketamine treatment, they don't affect its powerful antidepressant benefits in females. The research used specialized techniques to block estrogen signaling in female rats, showing that ketamine continued to lift depression symptoms regardless of estrogen activity. However, its anxiety-reducing effects were partially dependent on these hormone pathways.
Abstract
Ketamine is a rapid-acting antidepressant with sexually dimorphic effects. Female animals exhibit a higher sensitivity to its antidepressant proper...
Effects of Intranasal dexmedetomidine and esketamine for premedication on postoperative pain after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in children: a randomized clinical trial.
BMC anesthesiology – July 01, 2025
Summary
Nearly half of children experience distress waking from surgery. A trial investigated if combining intranasal Dexmedetomidine and Esketamine could reduce postoperative pain and distress in paediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy. Children received either saline, Dexmedetomidine, or the combination. Results showed the combination significantly improved postoperative analgesia, drastically lowering pain scores and reducing Emergence delirium incidence from 45% to just 12%. This approach offers a safer, more comfortable recovery.
Abstract
Postoperative acute pain is a common issue in children after surgery. Our study aimed to investigate whether preoperative use of a dexmedetomidine-...
High Baseline Plasma Anthranilic Acid Predicts Remission Upon Acute-Series Ketamine Infusion for Treatment-Resistant Depression.
Biological psychiatry global open science – July 01, 2025
Summary
A blood compound called anthranilic acid may predict who will benefit most from ketamine therapy for severe depression. Higher levels of this naturally occurring substance were linked to better treatment outcomes in patients receiving ketamine infusions. This discovery could help doctors identify which patients with treatment-resistant depression are most likely to achieve remission through ketamine treatment.
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a challenge, but intravenous racemic ketamine offers rapid antidepressant effects. Reliable biomarkers...
Intranasal esketamine significantly alleviates depression severity and suicidal ideations in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) non-responders.
European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience – July 01, 2025
Summary
A significant finding offers hope for severe depression: Intranasal Esketamine, a novel antidepressant, effectively alleviated symptoms in patients with Major Depressive Disorder, including those with Treatment Resistant Depression who previously didn't respond to Electroconvulsive Therapy. A real-world study demonstrated this therapy's effectiveness regardless of prior ECT outcomes, providing crucial relief where options are often limited.
Abstract
Intranasal esketamine (ESK) is a novel therapy option in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Patients with a history of electroconv...
Comparative Evaluation of analgesic efficacy of ketamine and magnesium sulfate as adjuvants to bupivacaine for scalp block in supratentorial Craniotomy: A Randomized, Double-Blind clinical study.
Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia – July 01, 2025
Summary
Adding ketamine to local anesthetics during scalp blocks can triple the duration of pain relief after brain surgery. This breakthrough finding shows that combining ketamine with standard nerve blocks provides superior pain control compared to using magnesium sulfate or no additives. Patients receiving ketamine needed significantly less pain medication and reported better comfort levels for up to 13 hours post-surgery.
Abstract
Effective pain management during craniotomy is crucial for optimizing hemodynamics, recovery, and patient satisfaction. This study evaluated the ef...
Effect of intraoperative low-dose esketamine infusion on postoperative sleep disturbance after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized clinical trial.
BMC anesthesiology – July 01, 2025
Summary
Intraoperative Esketamine significantly reduces postoperative sleep disturbance, a common recovery challenge. A trial investigated if this drug, given during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, could improve sleep. Patients received Esketamine or placebo. Remarkably, those given Esketamine had significantly less postoperative sleep disturbance for several days, along with reduced pain and opioid use, with no increase in side effects. This highlights a promising benefit.
Abstract
Postoperative sleep disturbance (PSD) is a common surgical complication. In this study, we investigated the effect of intraoperative esketamine inf...
Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on psychosocial well-being and occupational-related outcomes among nurses in the intensive care unit: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Australian critical care : official journal of the Confederation of Australian Critical Care Nurses – July 01, 2025
Summary
Nurses in intensive care units often face immense stress. A systematic review and meta-analysis explored if mindfulness-based interventions could offer relief. Combining data from 29 studies, the meta-analysis found mindfulness significantly reduced anxiety, depression, stress, and burnout among ICU nurses. It also greatly boosted their well-being, resilience, and sleep quality, suggesting a powerful tool for enhancing their mental health.
Abstract
Mindfulness-based interventions may contribute to the mental health status and well-being of nurses. Current results are inconsistent, and there ar...
Post-market safety profile and suicide/self-injury risk signals of dextromethorphan/bupropion: a real-world pharmacovigilance study.
European journal of clinical pharmacology – July 01, 2025
Summary
A groundbreaking depression medication shows promising safety results. Analysis of FDA adverse event reports reveals that dextromethorphan/bupropion has lower suicide risk signals compared to similar drugs. Through data mining of pharmacovigilance records, researchers found most side effects were mild and short-term, typically appearing within 2 days. While psychiatric effects need monitoring, this real-world evidence supports the medication's overall safety profile.
Abstract
Dextromethorphan/bupropion (D/B) is an innovative pharmacological treatment for major depressive disorder. Nevertheless, the current evidence regar...
Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on burnout, resilience and sleep quality among nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
BMC Nurs – July 01, 2025
Summary
Mindfulness practices offer a vital boost for nurses' well-being. A systematic review of randomized trials investigated if mindfulness-based interventions could reduce burnout and enhance resilience and sleep quality among nurses. The findings consistently showed that these interventions significantly decreased burnout, improved resilience, and positively impacted sleep quality. This robust evidence confirms mindfulness is an effective strategy to support our healthcare professionals.
Abstract
Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on burnout, resilience and sleep quality among nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis of ra...
Conscious and unconscious perception of pitch shifts in auditory feedback during vocalization: Behavioral functions and event-related potential correlates.
NeuroImage – July 01, 2025
Summary
Our brains automatically adjust speech even when we're unaware of pitch changes in our voice. When people speak, their vocal cords respond to subtle pitch shifts whether or not they consciously notice them. Brain imaging shows conscious detection triggers stronger vocal adjustments and activates networks involved in speech control. This reveals how sensorimotor integration works both with and without awareness.
Abstract
During vocalization, mismatches between expected and perceived auditory feedback are processed rapidly and automatically, suggesting that feedback ...
Assessment of complement cascade components in patients with major depressive disorder.
Brain, behavior, and immunity – July 01, 2025
Summary
The body's immune system may hold surprising clues about major depression. Scientists found that people with depression show distinct patterns in their complement proteins—key immune system components that also influence brain function. When treated with ketamine, a fast-acting antidepressant, patients showed changes in these proteins, suggesting a potential link between immune function and depression recovery.
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that the rapid-acting antidepressant ketamine has immune regulatory functions. The complement system is an important compo...
A plank across the explanatory gap: The case of pain.
Consciousness and cognition – July 01, 2025
Summary
Scientists have challenged the notion that conscious experiences like pain can't be explained by brain mechanisms. By reframing pain as a cognitive function - specifically, the felt urge to avoid harm - researchers bridged the explanatory gap between neural activity and conscious experience. Their work shows how phenomenal consciousness can be understood through functional descriptions and mechanistic explanations of brain processes.
Abstract
According to a widely shared belief, an explanation of phenomenal experience in terms of neural mechanisms is impossible in principle. The reason f...
Efficient Acyloxymethylation of Psilocin and Other Tryptamines Yielding ACOM Prodrugs for Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy.
Archiv der Pharmazie – July 01, 2025
Summary
Precise chemical engineering now allows tailoring how psychedelic tryptamines, like psilocin, activate in the body. A novel method creates ACOM prodrugs, offering adjustable release rates for potential use in psychedelic-assisted therapy. Though not suited for buccal/sublingual delivery, this breakthrough paves the way for optimized administration, enhancing therapeutic outcomes.
Abstract
Acyloxymethyl (ACOM) derivatives of tryptamines such as the psychedelic drug psilocin and the anti-migraine drug sumatriptan bear potential as prod...
Exploring the Therapeutic Effects of Psychedelics Administered to Military Veterans in Naturalistic Retreat Settings
Brain and Behavior – July 01, 2025
Summary
Veterans attending psychedelic retreats experienced significant mental health improvements. Among 58 participants, Ayahuasca or Psilocybin therapy led to a 29.1% reduction in depression (Patient Health Questionnaire) and 26.1% in PTSD. Psilocybin generally led to greater improvements, though Ayahuasca provided a 26.4% improvement for PTSD, surpassing psilocybin's 24.8%. Women with PTSD saw a 32.1% improvement, compared to 24.1% for men. Those with more severe initial symptoms benefited most, highlighting a promising framework in psychiatry and medicine for enhancing quality of life via natural compound pharmacology.
Abstract
Abstract Background : Military veterans are at risk of various mental health conditions, with profound implications for post‐deployment quality of ...
Can ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators be considered entactogens?
Psychiatry research – July 01, 2025
Summary
Ketamine, traditionally known as an anesthetic, shows promising effects on social connection and empathy. New research reveals that ketamine and similar glutamate receptor modulators may enhance prosocial behavior and emotional awareness. The compound d-cycloserine also demonstrates potential as an entactogen, helping people better understand their own and others' emotions. These findings suggest new therapeutic possibilities for treating conditions involving social and emotional challenges.
Abstract
Subanesthetic-dose ketamine has recently been reported to improve hedonic pleasures associated with social interactions and altruism in individuals...
Evaluating the Potential of Microdosing 1cp-LSD for the Treatment of Canine Anxiety: A One-Month Case Study.
Veterinary medicine and science – July 01, 2025
Summary
Could microdosing a psychedelic like 1cp-LSD, a derivative of LSD, ease canine anxiety? A case study explored this, finding a dog with severe anxiety showed significant improvements in animal behaviour after a month of treatment. Owners reported less destructive actions and reduced vocalization. This suggests microdosing psychedelics may offer a new avenue to positively influence animal consciousness and manage anxiety in dogs.
Abstract
This pilot study explored the potential of microdosing 1-cyclopropionyl-d-lysergic acid diethylamide (1cp-LSD) to treat canine anxiety. A single-ca...
Meditation in the third-person perspective modulates minimal self and heartbeat-evoked potentials.
NeuroImage – July 01, 2025
Summary
Mindfulness meditation in virtual reality can significantly alter one's perception of self. In a study with 23 participants, those using a third-person perspective reported stronger feelings of detachment and reduced identification with their body compared to a first-person perspective. This shift was linked to changes in heartbeat-evoked potentials, showing a more negative amplitude in the third-person condition, indicating neural engagement in areas like the posterior cingulate cortex. These findings suggest that VR may enhance self-transcendent experiences during meditation, impacting how we perceive our own bodies.
Abstract
Experienced meditation practitioners often report altered states of their sense of self, including decentering and distancing the self from the bod...
Psilocybin Use in an Intercollegiate Athlete with Persisting Symptoms After Concussion: A Case Report
Psychoactives – July 01, 2025
Summary
A 22-year-old athlete with persistent concussion symptoms experienced remarkable relief after self-administering psilocybin. Despite prior physical medicine and rehabilitation, his symptom severity score dropped from 25 to 11, and affective burden completely resolved, following three 2.5mg doses of the psychedelic medicine. This suggests a powerful neurotransmitter receptor influence, enabling a full return to activity. Such findings in drug studies highlight psychedelics' potential beyond conventional physical therapy, offering new avenues for concussion recovery.
Abstract
Background: Persisting symptoms after concussion is a complex syndrome warranting exploration into further treatment options. Emerging research hig...
Partial rescue of schizophrenia-related phenotypes in young adult Sp4 hypomorphic mice.
Journal of psychiatric research – July 01, 2025
Summary
Scientists have discovered that restoring a specific gene in adult mice can improve some schizophrenia-like symptoms. Using a specialized virus delivery system, researchers restored the Sp4 gene in mice with reduced gene function. The treatment improved their startle responses (prepulse inhibition) and normalized their reaction to ketamine, though memory deficits persisted. This breakthrough suggests potential new therapeutic approaches for psychiatric disorders, particularly schizophrenia.
Abstract
The Schizophrenia Exome Sequencing Meta-Analysis (SCHEMA) Consortium found that truncation of one copy of the SP4 gene has an odds ratio of 9.37 (3...
Caffeine, nicotine, cannabis, and psilocybin: Pharmacology, toxicology, and potential therapeutic uses of four naturally occurring psychoactive substances
Swiss Medical Weekly – July 01, 2025
Summary
Despite varying legal statuses, naturally occurring psychoactive drugs like Caffeine, Nicotine, Cannabis, and Psilocybin share a rich history and complex pharmacology. A comprehensive review in Drug Studies explores the toxicology and therapeutic potential of these four psychoactive substances. It details their use as medicine, from common stimulants like Caffeine to the hallucinogen Psilocybin. This work, relevant to Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research and Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, highlights each drug's risks and benefits, informing future drug development.
Abstract
Psychoactive substances are compounds that can influence perception, consciousness, cognition, and emotions. The psychoactive substances caffeine, ...
From Breath to Strength: Does Mindfulness Improve Handgrip Strength Among Older Adults in India? A Propensity Score Matching Analysis.
Psychogeriatrics : the official journal of the Japanese Psychogeriatric Society – July 01, 2025
Summary
Mindfulness activities could surprisingly boost physical strength in older adults. A large study in India explored if engaging in mindfulness activities improves handgrip strength among those aging. It found that participants, especially men, showed modest but meaningful improvements in handgrip strength. This suggests integrating mindfulness into healthy aging strategies.
Abstract
The integration of mindfulness activities into the daily lives of older adults has demonstrated profound benefits for their overall well-being and ...
Comparison of vatinoxan-medetomidine-ketamine-butorphanol and medetomidine-ketamine-butorphanol combinations for intramuscular anesthesia in New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).
Research in veterinary science – July 01, 2025
Summary
A breakthrough in rabbit anesthesia shows how combining the drug vatinoxan with traditional sedatives can significantly impact cardiovascular function. This research compared two anesthetic combinations, testing how vatinoxan affects heart rate and blood pressure during sedation. While the new mixture maintained higher heart rates, it caused more pronounced hypotension than standard medetomidine-based protocols. Recovery times remained similar between methods.
Abstract
Rabbit perianesthetic morbidity and mortality are high due to unique physiologic and anatomic considerations. α2-adrenergic agonists are frequently...
Pre-exposure to eutylone attenuates its own aversive effects but has no impact on cocaine or MDMA: A possible role of eutylone's hybrid pharmacology.
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior – July 01, 2025
Summary
Prior exposure to drugs can change how the body responds to them. New research reveals that the synthetic drug eutylone reduces its own negative effects when taken repeatedly, but surprisingly doesn't affect reactions to cocaine or MDMA. This unique finding suggests eutylone's dual action as both a reuptake inhibitor and substrate releaser creates distinct bodily sensations, despite sharing chemical similarities with other stimulants.
Abstract
Previous research has reported that pre-exposure to a variety of drugs of abuse can impact (reduce) the aversive effects of themselves and other ab...
Psychoneuroimmunology of Mindfulness: What works, how it works, and for whom?
Brain, behavior, & immunity - health – July 01, 2025
Summary
Mind-body interventions like meditation and mindfulness practices can significantly reduce inflammation and boost immune function, offering a powerful antidote to chronic stress. Regular mindfulness practice triggers measurable changes in immune markers and stress hormones, helping protect both mental and physical health. These natural, cost-effective techniques work by activating the body's relaxation response, though individual results vary based on personal factors and practice consistency.
Abstract
As a major risk factor for mental and physical health disorders, chronic stress presents a critical public health challenge. Over the past decades,...
A systematic review on the role of EEG and fMRI-Neurofeedback training in the treatment of substance use disorders and behavioral addiction.
Psychiatry research – July 01, 2025
Summary
Brain training through neurofeedback shows promising results in treating substance use disorders and addiction. By monitoring brain activity through EEG and fMRI technology, patients learn to control their neural patterns, leading to reduced drug cravings and improved mental health. Studies reveal that specific brain wave protocols help patients regain control over addictive behaviors, offering a drug-free treatment option.
Abstract
Neurofeedback (NF), a form of biofeedback, is used to enhance the self-regulation of brain functions by assessing brain activity and delivering fee...
What fMRI studies say about the nature of the psychedelic effect: a scoping review
Frontiers in Neuroscience – July 01, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics like psilocybin profoundly reshape brain function, showing promise for mental health. A comprehensive review of dozens of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in neuroscience reveals consistent patterns. These serotonergic compounds induce a "de-differentiation" of brain networks, notably impacting the default mode network, thalamus, and amygdala. This insight from cognitive psychology, leveraging diverse fMRI approaches, highlights ego dissolution's importance, advancing our understanding of how these serotonergic substances influence behavior in drug studies through biochemical analysis.
Abstract
Research on psychedelic drugs, such as psilocybin, LSD or DMT, is a burgeoning field, with an increasing number of studies showing their promise in...
Prescription and Nonprescription Drug Use Among People With Eating Disorders.
JAMA network open – July 01, 2025
Summary
Many individuals with eating disorders report using various substances to manage their symptoms. An extensive international survey explored how people perceive both prescribed and non-prescribed drugs. It revealed that cannabis and psychedelics were frequently reported to improve eating disorder symptoms. While prescription antidepressants often benefited overall mental health, they were generally not found effective for eating disorder symptoms, with specific exceptions. This highlights promising new approaches for symptom relief.
Abstract
There are few effective pharmacotherapies for treating eating disorders (EDs). High rates of substance use among individuals with EDs suggest poten...
Triiodothyronine ameliorates S-ketamine-induced hypomyelination via the PPARα pathway in neonatal rat.
Experimental neurology – July 01, 2025
Summary
Thyroid hormone supplements could protect infant brain development during anesthesia. When babies receive S-ketamine anesthesia, it can disrupt myelination - the crucial process of insulating nerve cells. Research shows triiodothyronine (a thyroid hormone) activates PPARα pathways, helping oligodendrocytes maintain healthy nerve insulation and motor skills in young rats exposed to anesthesia.
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that prolonged or repeated exposure to general anesthesia is associated with white matter alteration in children, which m...
Can ketamine therapy overcome treatment-resistant depression in Alzheimer's disease and older adults? Preclinical and clinical evidence.
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie – July 01, 2025
Summary
Ketamine therapy shows promising results in elderly patients who haven't responded to traditional depression treatments. This rapid-acting medication helps both older adults and those with Alzheimer's disease experience significant mood improvements. Studies reveal that ketamine and its derivative esketamine work differently than standard antidepressants, targeting brain receptors that may be key to treating late-life depression.
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) presents substantial clinical challenges, particularly in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and older adu...
Exploring serotonergic psychedelics as a treatment for personality disorders.
Neuropharmacology – July 01, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics like psilocybin may help reshape core personality traits, offering hope for treating personality disorders that are often resistant to conventional treatments. Clinical trials show that psilocybin-assisted therapy can improve self-awareness, emotional regulation, and interpersonal functioning. The combination of psychopharmacology and psychotherapy appears particularly effective at promoting lasting positive changes in personality structure.
Abstract
Both psychotherapeutic interventions and pharmacological agents have demonstrated limited efficacy in the treatment of personality disorders (PDs)....
Combination of dexmedetomidine and esketamine for postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery: study protocol for a prospective, randomized, controlled trial.
Trials – July 01, 2025
Summary
Up to 80% of high-risk patients suffer postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after surgery. A new randomized trial explores whether combining Dexmedetomidine and Esketamine during general anesthesia for laparoscopic surgery can significantly reduce PONV. Two patient groups will compare this novel, opioid-sparing approach against standard care. This strategy aims to enhance recovery and patient satisfaction by effectively preventing PONV, offering a promising new option.
Abstract
Laparoscopic surgery has gained widespread acceptance due to its advantages over traditional open procedures, including less postoperative pain and...
Adverse clinical effects associated with the use of synthetic cannabinoids: A systematic review.
Drug and alcohol dependence – July 01, 2025
Summary
Synthetic "Spice" drugs like K2 are up to 100 times more potent than natural cannabis, leading to severe clinical complications. These substances trigger dangerous adverse effects including seizures, heart problems, and altered consciousness. Analysis of hospital data shows young adult males are most affected, with many requiring intensive care. Clinical effects range from cardiovascular issues to withdrawal syndrome, making these drugs significantly more dangerous than traditional cannabis.
Abstract
Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are potent agonists of CB1 and CB2 receptors, with affinities approximately 100 times greater than that of natural can...
A systematic study of changes in monoamine neurotransmitters in the rat brain following acute administration of alpha-methyltryptamine (AMT), 5-methoxy-alpha-methyltryptamine (5-MeO-AMT) and 5-methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (5-MeO-DiPT).
Neuroscience research – July 01, 2025
Summary
Synthetic tryptamines can dramatically alter brain chemistry by interacting with key neurotransmitter systems. Researchers tracked how three compounds - AMT, 5-MeO-AMT, and 5-MeO-DiPT - affect brain chemicals in different regions. Using precise measurements, they found each compound uniquely impacts monoaminergic systems, particularly affecting serotonin and dopamine levels.
Abstract
Alpha-methyltryptamine (AMT), 5-methoxy-alpha-methyltryptamine (5-MeO-AMT), and 5-methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (5-MeO-DiPT) are three syntheti...
Acute ketamine enhances social behavior and dendritic plasticity in the amygdala by increasing BDNF, GAP43, and TRKB presence following excitotoxic neonatal ibotenic acid lesion.
Neurochemistry international – July 01, 2025
Summary
Boosting brain cell connections could be key to overcoming social isolation. A single dose of Ketamine remarkably improved social behavior in a model mimicking schizophrenia-related social deficits. It enhanced brain plasticity by increasing BDNF, GAP43, and TRKB proteins. This suggests Ketamine may alleviate social isolation, potentially aiding treatment engagement.
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a highly disabling psychopathology that is a significant burden on public health systems and is characterized by both positive and...
Exploring psychedelic experiences among people who regularly use methamphetamine: Findings from an international survey.
Drug and alcohol dependence – July 01, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics may offer hope for those struggling with methamphetamine addiction. In a survey of 268 regular meth users, those who had psychedelic experiences reported notable benefits. 59% saw improved mood, while 34% reduced their meth use. Planned sessions in supportive settings led to better outcomes than unplanned or recreational use, especially when other substances weren't involved.
Abstract
Methamphetamine use disorder, associated with significant morbidity and mortality, has limited effective treatments. Psychedelic-assisted psychothe...
Butorphanol or a Combination of Ketamine and Xylazine Do Not Interfere With Arrhythmogenic Parameters in Agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) Obtained Through High-Resolution Electrocardiogram.
Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology – July 01, 2025
Summary
Wild animals like agoutis are helping advance cardiac medicine! New findings show these medium-sized rodents maintain stable heart rhythms under common veterinary sedatives. Researchers monitored detailed cardiac physiology in eight agoutis using high-resolution heart monitoring, comparing their responses when awake versus sedated. The results confirm these sedatives are safe, causing only minimal changes to heart patterns and blood pressure.
Abstract
Agoutis is a medium-sized wild rodent with potential for use as an experimental model. This study aimed to evaluate physiological parameters of arr...
Managing 'bad trips': Nursing considerations and safety of psychedelic 'trip killers'.
Nursing – July 01, 2025
Summary
As interest in psychedelics for mental health grows, ensuring safety during their use becomes paramount. This paper explores how to safely manage challenging experiences, particularly outside controlled psychotherapy settings. It highlights the role of "trip killers" and "trip sitters" in mitigating adverse reactions. Crucially, it outlines vital nursing considerations for patient well-being, promoting safer engagement with psychedelics.
Abstract
Psychedelic use in clinical settings is emerging as a way to treat a variety of psychiatric illnesses. However, psychedelic use primarily occurs in...
Efficacy and safety of esketamine hydrochloride injection at different dosages for patients undergoing radical thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer: a randomized trial.
BMC anesthesiology – July 01, 2025
Summary
Managing post-surgery discomfort is key to healing. Researchers investigated how different Esketamine doses impact recovery after thyroid surgery. They found that specific Esketamine doses significantly improved overall Recovery quality, reduced Postoperative pain and coughing, and supported better Emotion. A moderate dose (0.25 mg/kg) offered optimal benefits, including faster recovery and stable vital signs, without increased adverse reactions. This suggests a promising path for enhanced patient comfort and well-being.
Abstract
This study aims to the combination of remimazolam toluene sulfonate and esketamine hydrochloride in reducing postoperative complications and improv...
Online Availability of Diamond Shruumz Before and After FDA Recall Initiation: Qualitative Assessment and Simulated Test Purchasing.
Journal of medical Internet research – June 30, 2025
Summary
Despite a product recall, a psychoactive product linked to hospitalizations surprisingly persisted on the e-commerce market. Online monitoring and qualitative assessment via social media and website surveillance effectively identified continued availability. Many domains kept marketing and selling the product, with some test purchases succeeding. This highlights the ongoing challenge of enforcing recalls for new psychedelics in the diverse online market.
Abstract
Reports of hospitalization associated with Diamond Shruumz-branded mushroom-containing products in October 2024 led to a manufacturer's recall that...
Ketamine-From an Anesthetic to a Psychiatric Drug: Mechanisms of Action, Clinical Applications and Potential Risks.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) – June 30, 2025
Summary
Originally an anesthetic, ketamine is now revolutionizing medicine. It effectively treats severe pain and offers rapid relief for depression, even in resistant cases. Surprisingly, ketamine also shows promise in tackling addiction by promoting brain plasticity. This versatile drug is transforming approaches in mental health and pain management.
Abstract
Ketamine, originally developed as an anesthetic, is gaining increasing attention due to its multifaceted pharmacological properties. In addition to...
Urological symptoms following ketamine treatment for psychiatric disorders: A systematic review.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – June 30, 2025
Summary
Concerns about bladder issues from therapeutic Ketamine for psychiatric conditions like depression appear largely unfounded. A review of clinical studies examined urology-related adverse event reports. Findings suggest only a small percentage of patients experienced mild bladder symptoms, and overall urinary function showed no significant changes. This indicates that therapeutic Ketamine does not seem to elevate urological risks.
Abstract
Ketamine has emerged as a putative rapid-acting treatment option for psychiatric disorders, particularly treatment-resistant depression. Chronic re...
Prolonged hallucinogenic effects following Psilocybe cubensis ingestion: Case report
The poison. – June 30, 2025
Summary
Weeks after Psilocybin ingestion, a powerful hallucinogen, one documented case experienced prolonged perceptual disturbances and flashbacks, necessitating psychopharmacological intervention. This highlights potential neuropsychiatric symptoms. Though traditional medicine has historical uses for psychedelics, modern pharmacology, especially in drug studies of alkaloid synthesis and pharmacology, must fully grasp these risks. Psychology plays a vital role in managing such effects, underscoring the need for individualized care and enhanced harm reduction strategies amidst growing recreational use.
Abstract
Psilocybe cubensis is a widely used psilocybin-containing mushroom with well-documented acute psychoactive effects. We report a case of prolonged p...
The cognitive neuroscience of ketamine in major depression.
Brain : a journal of neurology – June 30, 2025
Summary
A single dose of ketamine can alleviate severe depression symptoms within hours, with effects lasting for days. This fast-acting antidepressant's neurocognitive impact is key to understanding its efficacy. Studies reveal ketamine positively influences brain reward circuits, reverses negative emotional biases, and promotes long-term stress resilience. These beneficial neurocognitive changes are observed in both healthy individuals and those with depression, offering significant promise for treatment.
Abstract
Ketamine's potential as a rapid-acting antidepressant was first identified in 2000, despite its long-standing use as an anesthetic agent. Clinicall...
Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy: Potential Benefits and Challenges in Mental Health Treatment
Medical Science Monitor – June 30, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics offer compelling potential for mental health, addressing severe conditions like depression and PTSD. These substances, including those from chemical synthesis and alkaloids, are explored in Psychiatry and Psychology. A psychotherapist might integrate them into Medicine, yet current Drug Studies, often found in MEDLINE, confirm psychedelic-assisted therapy remains experimental due to a scarcity of large-scale trials. While unique mechanisms, such as those related to Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors, are under study, robust evidence is crucial for patients needing intensive care medicine-level attention for complex mental health challenges.
Abstract
Psychedelics, derived from the Greek words "psyche" (soul) and "deloun" (revealing), are substances historically and currently considered "soul-rev...