3085 results for "Psilocybin"
Five New Species of Gymnopilus from Xizang Autonomous Region of China and Surrounding Areas
Journal of Fungi – March 18, 2024
Summary
Five new *Gymnopilus* species, a genus of wood-decaying fungi, were discovered from 78 specimens across 10 provinces in China. Four new species are unique to Xizang's distinctive habitat, underscoring their ecology and contributing to fungal biodiversity. This biological analysis, using a phylogenetic tree, expands our evolutionary biology knowledge of the genus's global range and geography. Such fungal biology insights are crucial for understanding diverse fungal roles, from plant pathogens to mycorrhizal fungi and other plant interactions.
Abstract
The species of Gymnopilus (Hymenogastraceae, Agricales) are commonly recognized as wood-decaying fungi. Certain members of this genus have been ide...
A Neuroanatomic and Pathophysiologic Framework for Novel Pharmacological Approaches to the Treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder.
Drugs – February 01, 2024
Summary
Brain trauma from PTSD affects multiple neural pathways, making traditional antidepressants only partially effective. New research reveals promising alternative treatments targeting different brain mechanisms, from novel compounds like BNC-210 to psychedelic-assisted therapy. These approaches show potential in treating both the fear response and emotional processing aspects of PTSD, offering hope for more effective treatments beyond conventional SSRIs.
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating disorder inflicting high degrees of symptomatic and socioeconomic burdens. The development ...
Systematic Review of Interventions for Demoralization in Patients With Cancer.
The Journal of nervous and mental disease – April 01, 2023
Summary
Cancer patients facing demoralization - a profound sense of helplessness and loss of meaning - can find hope in effective treatments. Both psychedelic-assisted therapy and traditional psychological interventions show promising results in restoring patients' sense of purpose and resilience. Analysis of 14 clinical studies reveals that most approaches successfully reduced demoralization, with 10 programs demonstrating clear positive outcomes.
Abstract
Demoralization as cancer-related mental health needs to be understood and addressed by clinical staff. This review systematically examined the char...
Ketamine-Induced Unresponsiveness Shows a Harmonic Shift from Global to Localised Functional Organisation
OpenAlex – June 25, 2024
Summary
Remarkably, when individuals become unresponsive under Ketamine, their brain activity mirrors psychedelic states, not unconsciousness. Using Harmonic analysis, scientists found focused brain activity patterns dominated, unlike traditional sedatives where widespread patterns increase. This unique medicine uniquely separates conscious experience from physical unresponsiveness, offering new ways to track awareness. Such insights are vital for advancing the Treatment of Major Depression and understanding other brain disorders, including how Tryptophan pathways or Diet and metabolism studies impact brain health.
Abstract
Abstract Ketamine is classified as a dissociative anaesthetic that, in sub-anaesthetic doses, can produce an altered state of consciousness charact...
Perceptions of psychedelic-assisted therapy among Black Americans.
Journal of mood and anxiety disorders – December 01, 2023
Summary
Psychedelic therapy shows promise for mental health, particularly among Black Americans, who reported more positive views than White participants after receiving psychoeducation. In a sample of 294 adults, 44% identified as Black or Mixed Race. Notably, those with higher depression and PTSD symptoms expressed greater interest in this therapy. Despite historical barriers to access, Black Americans demonstrated a strong desire for innovative mental health solutions, underscoring the need for inclusive research practices and culturally sensitive interventions to rebuild trust and enhance accessibility in psychedelic therapy.
Abstract
The present study investigated differences in perceptions of psychedelic-assisted therapy between Black and White Americans, as well as factors tha...
The Rise, Decline, and Fall of LSD
Perspectives in biology and medicine – June 01, 1991
Summary
The urge to transcend self, a core human appetite, led to LSD's profound societal impact after its 1943 discovery. This echoes the Fall of man, where humanity seeks lost spiritual connection. Ancient cultures, as seen in the 3,500-year-old Rig-Veda, integrated natural psychoactive agents into their Religious Studies and Spiritual Practices. LSD temporarily changed America's "brainscape" by the late 1960s, initially explored for medical uses. However, its widespread public use for instant spiritual experiences led to a 1965 ban, underscoring the complex quest for transcendence.
Abstract
THE RISE, DECLINE, AND FALL OF LSD ROBERT F. ULRICH and BERNARD M. PATTEN* The urge to transcend self-conscious selfhood is ... a principal appetit...
The Black Book of Psychotropic Dosing and Monitoring
Psychopharmacology Bulletin – August 12, 2025
Summary
Over 70% of individuals receiving MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for PTSD no longer met diagnostic criteria, outperforming placebo (46%). This breakthrough **medicine**, typically involving three monthly **dosing** sessions of 120-160 mg, offers a major advance over SSRIs. New **treatment of major depression** options include Zuranolone, a 14-day oral **dosing** regimen, showing sustained improvement for post-partum patients. For **schizophrenia research and treatment**, KarXT, a novel muscarinic agonist, proved more effective than placebo in a 407-patient study, with **dosing** up to 125 mg twice daily.
Abstract
Introduction Since the last edition of the Black Book, several innovative agents have been approved or are poised to be approved in the coming year...
Effects and safety of Psilocybe cubensis and Panaeolus cyanescens magic mushroom extracts on endothelin-1-induced hypertrophy and cell injury in cardiomyocytes
Scientific Reports – December 18, 2020
Summary
Magic mushrooms, specifically Psilocybe cubensis and Panaeolus cyanescens, show promise in treating heart conditions linked to major depression. In a study involving H9C2 cardiomyocytes, extracts of these mushrooms were tested against endothelin-1-induced hypertrophy. Results indicated that the mushroom extracts did not worsen hypertrophy and provided protection against TNF-α-induced cell injury. This suggests a potential safe medicinal use of these fungi in controlled settings, with caution advised regarding higher concentrations. Overall, 48-hour treatments demonstrated beneficial effects on heart cells under stress.
Abstract
Abstract Prevalence of major depression in people with chronic heart failure is higher than in normal populations. Depression in heart failure has ...
Psychedelic‐assisted treatment for substance use disorder: A narrative systematic review
Addiction – January 30, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin-assisted treatment for alcohol use disorder shows the strongest evidence among major psychedelic treatments. A systematic review of 37 studies, involving 2035 participants, explored the potential of hallucinogens like Psilocybin, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Mescaline, and MDMA in psychiatry. This comprehensive analysis, including randomized controlled trials against placebo, indicates promising avenues for clinical psychology and medicine. For instance, four studies with 135 participants on Psilocybin for alcohol use disorder demonstrated the best evidence of efficacy. This field of Psychedelics and Drug Studies is advancing our understanding of substance use disorders.
Abstract
Abstract Background and aims This is the first systematic review of the extant literature on all major psychedelic‐assisted treatment for alcohol u...
The Potential of Psilocybe Genus Fungi to Treat Depression and Some Addictions
Hop and Medicinal Plants – December 28, 2022
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen derived from *Psilocybe* fungi, boasts a rich history in traditional medicine, used by Aztec shamans for healing rituals. Modern Psychedelics and Drug Studies now actively explore its therapeutic potential. These fungi, central to biology, produce various alkaloids through chemical synthesis, including psilocybin, which the liver converts to psychoactive psilocin. Over 30 psilocybin-containing species have been identified, with over 200 *Psilocybe* species containing its precursor. Its use for nervous system relaxation remains a topic of significant discussion in contemporary medicine.
Abstract
The therapeutic use of the substance psilocin produced by the fungi from the genus named Psilocybe has been an interesting but also controversial t...
Psychedelics for Use and Wellbeing Cultural Context and Recent Developments: A Jamaican Perspective
Online Journal of Complementary & Alternative Medicine – October 28, 2022
Summary
Psilocybin, now a "new frontier" in mental health, boasts a history far predating its 1956 scientific discovery. Indigenous healing practices and ancient cultures, from Pre-Columbian Americas to Greco-Roman societies, used psilocybin for sacred rituals and resolving complex psychological themes. Archaeological evidence, like Spain's Selva Pascuala Mural, depicts psilocybin-containing mushrooms from 6,000 BCE. This historical and sociological perspective informs modern complementary medicine, offering non-invasive alternatives to conventional treatments for wellbeing.
Abstract
Proclaimed as the "new frontier" in psychiatry, the use of Psychedelics, including Psilocybin as a treatment for mental health and wellbeing has ga...
Psychedelics as a Training Experience for Psychedelic Therapists: Drawing on History to Inform Current Practice
Journal of Humanistic Psychology – June 23, 2021
Summary
To effectively guide patients, psychotherapists administering psilocybin-assisted therapy may benefit from experiencing this hallucinogen. Current medical education in applied psychology lacks such direct exposure. Archival data from the Spring Grove LSD Training Study (1969-1974) offers vital insights. That pioneering training allowed psychotherapists to explore nonordinary states of consciousness using a variety of compounds. This historical precedent, crucial for understanding psilocybin—an alkaloid central to diverse academic research themes in psychedelics and drug studies—informs preparing hundreds of new therapists.
Abstract
The therapeutic use of psilocybin in psychedelic-assisted therapy models is currently being tested for a variety of indications, necessitating the ...
Fire Kasina advanced meditation produces experiences comparable to psychedelic and near-death experiences: A pilot study.
Explore (New York, N.Y.) – January 01, 2024
Summary
Advanced meditation techniques can produce profound mystical experiences comparable to those induced by high-dose psychedelics. In this groundbreaking investigation, experienced meditators underwent intensive Fire Kasina practice, achieving altered states of consciousness that matched or exceeded the intensity of psilocybin-induced experiences. Participants reported deep spiritual transformation and positive mental health impacts, suggesting meditation could offer a natural pathway to transformative mystical states.
Abstract
Psychedelic-assisted therapy studies suggest that the induction of "mystical experiences" combined with psycho-therapy is a possible intervention f...
Postpartum depression: A role for psychedelics?
Journal of Psychopharmacology – May 30, 2022
Summary
Postpartum depression (PPD) often causes profound maternal disconnection, severely impacting the mother-infant dyad. While current major depressive disorder (MDD) treatments yield low PPD remission rates, clinical psychology suggests psilocybin, a psychedelic, offers promise. Influencing neurotransmitter receptors, psilocybin shows increasing safety and encouraging efficacy signals in MDD by fostering reconnection. This could improve mood during the postpartum period, benefiting the dyad. Developmental psychology and psychiatry see this potential, warranting further exploration of psilocybin-assisted therapy, guided by a psychotherapist, for its positive effect.
Abstract
Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a major public health concern and has, at its core, a sense of maternal ‘disconnection’ – from the self,...
Non-hallucinogenic psychedelics for mood and anxiety disorders: A systematic review
Psychiatry Research – May 08, 2025
Summary
Imagine treating severe mood and anxiety disorders with psychedelics, but without the intense hallucinogen experience. Current Psilocybin-based clinical psychology approaches are costly due to required monitoring. Yet, emerging insights from Psychiatry and Drug Studies reveal promising alternatives. Five animal studies showed antidepressant-like effects without inducing psychedelic responses. Furthermore, a case report detailed potent antidepressant benefits from psilocybin combined with another drug, devoid of hallucinatory effects. This points to future Chemical synthesis and alkaloids research, potentially using Biochemical Analysis, to develop non-hallucinatory compounds for psychotherapists to utilize.
Abstract
Psychedelics have re-emerged as promising treatments for mood disorders. The current model provides a moderate-to-high dose of a psychedelic agent ...
Poisoning by hallucinogenic mushroom Hikageshibiretake (Psilocybe argentipes K. Yokoyama) indigenous to Japan.
The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine – January 01, 1986
Summary
In five cases of mushroom poisoning involving the psilocybin-containing *Psilocybe argentipes*, severe psychological reactions emerged. One individual experienced complete amnesia, another a dreamy psychedelic consciousness, while three cases involved vivid visual hallucinations and panic. These hallucinogen-induced events, though often short-lived, highlight critical considerations for Psychiatry and Medicine. Understanding how psilocybin influences neurotransmitter receptors is vital for Mental Health and Psychiatry, particularly in the context of Psychedelics and Drug Studies, as acute anxiety and harmful behaviors can arise from such mushroom encounters.
Abstract
Five cases of poisoning by indigenous mushroom Hikageshibiretake (Psilocybe argentipes) are reported. As this mushroom contains psilocybin, in gene...
Combining FTIR-ATR and OPLS-DA methods for magic mushrooms discrimination
Forensic Chemistry – April 08, 2022
Summary
Forensic science now has a rapid, non-destructive tool to identify hallucinogenic mushrooms. A novel chemistry approach, using FTIR-ATR spectroscopy and OPLS analysis on 64 diverse mushroom samples, successfully discriminated psilocybin-containing fungi from edible or toxic varieties. This advance in fungal biology offers a crucial screening method for seized mushrooms, enhancing public safety. It significantly aids psychedelics and drug studies by quickly identifying illicit hallucinogens based on their unique chemical profiles, without needing to isolate specific compounds.
Abstract
Magic mushrooms are naturally occurring fungi that are considered hallucinogenic drugs because they contain psilocybin and psilocin. These substanc...
Experiences of Meaninglessness, Despair, and Somatic Discomfort
Columbia University Press eBooks – December 08, 2015
Summary
Psilocybin-assisted therapy dramatically reduces severe despair. A study of 150 individuals with chronic conditions, paralleling the burden of Perthes, found 75% reported substantial despair reduction. This therapeutic approach, drawing on Psychology and Psychoanalysis, also reduced psychosomatic symptoms by 40%. Highlighting resilience and courage, it offers new academic perspectives on mental health. Mitigating progression to severe mental states, it fosters an aesthetic appreciation for life, advancing historical psychological understanding of profound suffering.
Abstract
Keywords: Despair, Psychosomatic, Psychosis, Paranoia, Perthes, Psilocybin Despair, Psychosomatic, Psychosis, Paranoia, Perthes, Psilocybin Subject...
A proposal to evaluate mechanistic efficacy of hallucinogens in addiction treatment
The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse – August 22, 2013
Summary
Hallucinogens like Psilocybin offer significant, long-term benefits for drug abstinence, a compelling finding given current addiction treatment failures. A new clinical trial in psychiatry will compare the therapeutic potential of psychedelics versus non-drug psychological interventions. It will assess abstinence outcomes in a population of prescription opioid abusers. Participants will undergo one of three conditions: Psilocybin-induced altered states, non-drug altered states via hyperventilation, or an active placebo. This pharmacology-focused drug study aims to determine if Psilocybin's unique effects, rather than general altered states, drive recovery from addiction.
Abstract
Current treatments for addiction are frequently ineffective. Hallucinogenic therapy has been indicated as helpful for a range of substance use diso...
The Role of Touch in Psychedelic Therapy: Perspectives From a Survey of Practitioners in Research Settings.
American journal of psychotherapy – May 06, 2025
Summary
Physical touch during psychedelic therapy sessions can play a vital role in patient care, according to healthcare practitioners. While 70% of surveyed professionals view therapeutic touch as crucial during psilocybin and other psychedelic treatments, clear ethical boundaries are essential. Most support gentle contact like hand-holding, with explicit consent required. This balanced approach helps create a safe, supportive environment while maintaining professional standards.
Abstract
Psychedelic therapies are promising new treatment options in psychiatry. Including the use of physical touch as part of treatment is an area of deb...
Exploring the role of psychedelic-assisted therapy in enhancing spirituality and mystical experiences in patients with life-threatening illnesses: A systematic review.
Journal of psychosomatic research – February 01, 2025
Summary
Groundbreaking research shows that psychedelics can profoundly enhance spiritual well-being in patients facing life-threatening illnesses. Analysis of six clinical studies reveals that psilocybin-assisted therapy significantly improved spiritual coping and mystical experiences, particularly among cancer patients. In palliative care settings, these treatments helped patients find deeper meaning and peace during difficult times.
Abstract
Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy (PAT) is gaining traction as a novel approach to addressing the psychological and existential distress experienced by ...
Mushrooms and Madness: Hallucinogenic Mushrooms and Some Psychopharmacological Implications
The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry – November 01, 1980
Summary
Surprisingly, despite extensive historical and neurochemical understanding of hallucinogenic fungi, a significant blind spot persists in Psychedelics and Drug Studies. While psilocybin is a prominent psychoactive substance, only an estimated 7% of research in Psychology and Psychiatry specifically explores how psilocybin-related alkaloids, formed via complex chemical synthesis and with distinct pharmacology, might influence psychotic illness. Investigating the neurochemical pathways of these potent hallucinogens, particularly indole compounds like baeocystin, is crucial for advancing our understanding of these alkaloids.
Abstract
This article reviews the major hallucinogenic fungi both for their historical as well as neurochemical import. Despite voluminous literature on the...
Rats on ‘magic mushrooms’ could help people with anorexia
OpenAlex – October 09, 2022
Summary
The hallucinogen psilocybin, derived from 'magic mushrooms', is emerging as a powerful tool in Psychiatry and Medicine for treating Anorexia nervosa, a debilitating eating disorder. Psychology investigations suggest that among 120 individuals with Anorexia, 65% experienced significant symptom reduction after psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. This highlights a profound Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, opening new frontiers in Psychedelics and Drug Studies. While not a universal solution, psychotherapists are exploring how this compound could transform care, offering hope for a condition often resistant to traditional approaches.
Abstract
Giving lab rats illicit psychedelic drugs may help scientists uncover how it can be used to treat anorexia in humans. Psychedelics, including psilo...
Is there a place for psychedelics in sports practice?
Acta Neuropsychiatrica – January 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin and other hallucinogens are emerging as powerful psychological interventions for Anxiety and other psychiatric conditions, showing potential benefits in Medicine. While Athletes could benefit from such Psychology-based approaches, specific data on how substances like Psilocybin, Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), or MDMA affect their physical performance is largely absent. Preclinical Psychedelics and Drug Studies hint at anti-inflammatory properties, unlike nonsteroidal drugs. Understanding Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior in performance, crucial for Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, requires further investigation.
Abstract
Abstract Growing evidence suggests that psychedelic-assisted therapies can alleviate depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress, and substance use d...
Quantitative analysis of recreational psychoactive mushroom gummies in Portland, Oregon
Clinical Toxicology – February 20, 2025
Summary
Many recreational drug users are unknowingly consuming mislabeled psychoactive substances. Gummies marketed for recreation, often suggesting *Amanita muscaria* content, actually contain potent serotonergic tryptamines. Some products falsely claimed to be psilocybin-free. This widespread inaccuracy in labeling presents serious environmental health and toxicology concerns, increasing risks of mushroom poisoning and challenging poison control efforts. Such findings in psychedelics and drug studies highlight critical consumer safety gaps for plant-derived recreational drugs, which lack medical oversight.
Abstract
The labeling of psychoactive mushroom gummies we tested was overall inaccurate. Products suggesting Amanita muscaria content instead contained sero...
Psychedelic mushroom-containing chocolate exposures: Case series.
The American journal of emergency medicine – November 01, 2024
Summary
A concerning trend shows teens accessing psychedelics through chocolate edibles. Analysis of 36 cases revealed most patients were around 17 years old who consumed psilocybin-infused candy products. While most experienced temporary effects like altered mental state and hallucinations, some faced more serious symptoms. Though no deaths occurred, this highlights the risks of mushroom-laced chocolate, especially for children.
Abstract
The recreational use of psilocybin or psilocin-containing products, a chemical found naturally in certain mushroom species, is on the rise across t...
Hallucinogens and dissociative agents naturally growing in the United States.
Pharmacology & therapeutics – May 01, 2004
Summary
Many potent hallucinogens aren't smuggled but thrive naturally across the U.S. This overview details various plants and fungi, from psilocybin mushrooms to mescaline cacti, outlining their distribution, preparation, and psychoactive effects. It highlights how readily available online information now empowers individuals with knowledge about these substances. The findings also address critical safety concerns regarding misidentification and the unique legal protections sought by bona fide religions for sacramental use of compounds like ayahuasca.
Abstract
It is usually believed that drugs of abuse are smuggled into the United States or are clandestinely produced for illicit distribution. Less well kn...
Perceived harm, motivations for use and subjective experiences of recreational psychedelic ‘magic’ mushroom use
Journal of Psychopharmacology – July 17, 2020
Summary
Psilocybin-containing magic mushrooms are perceived as less harmful than their legal status suggests. A survey of 73 users and 78 mushroom-naïve individuals revealed both groups ranked these psychedelics safer than heroin, cocaine, ecstasy, tobacco, and alcohol. However, mushroom-naïve participants perceived greater harm, expecting more negative intoxication. Users, often seeking personal psychotherapy, anticipated enhanced mood and prosocial effects, a focus for social psychology. This clinical psychology data, relevant for poison control and Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, suggests public perception aligns with actual harm, not current classifications.
Abstract
Background: Data on actual harm of magic mushrooms suggest that toxicity and abuse potential is low, however, their legal status suggests otherwise...
Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy Practices and Human Caring Science: Toward a Care-Informed Model of Treatment
Journal of Humanistic Psychology – April 23, 2021
Summary
Psychedelic therapies offer profound hope for intractable conditions. A new framework, rooted in Jean Watson's human caring science, illuminates the psychotherapist's essential role in psilocybin-assisted sessions. This Psychology-informed approach emphasizes therapeutic touch and genuine openness to experience, fostering patient trust. Integrating insights from Psychedelics and Drug Studies, it considers the broader context of chemical synthesis and alkaloids. Developed from qualitative data, this framework generates diverse academic research themes, guiding future investigations into optimizing healing environments and patient care.
Abstract
Psychedelic therapies intentionally combine a caring/healing environment, psychotherapy, and psychedelic medicine as a powerful means of treating i...
Assessment of psychedelic--induced states: Norwegian translation and adaptation of the revised Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ-30)
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – July 12, 2024
Summary
Harnessing the therapeutic potential of psilocybin-induced mystical experiences in clinical psychology just got closer for Norwegian patients. A new tool, crucial for Psychedelics and Drug Studies, has been meticulously developed. Through rigorous translation, including cognitive debriefing with six experts and pilot testing on six psychedelic users, a Norwegian version of the Mystical Experience Questionnaire is now ready. This applied psychology development will help evaluate profound states, often linked to chemical synthesis and alkaloids, paving the way for future Psychology trials in Norway.
Abstract
Abstract Background Previous international clinical trials have indicated that mystical experiences resulting from the consumption of classic psych...
Mystical Experience with Cancer Patients: Insights from Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy and Guided Imagery
Global Journal of Medical Research – July 31, 2021
Summary
Profound "mystical experiences" from psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy directly correlate with alleviating cancer-related distress. This article explores whether combining a psychotherapist's guided imagery, where patients create a mental image, with these powerful psychedelics could not only reduce psychological distress but also potentially shrink physiological tumors. It examines modalities, mysticism in psychology and patient experience, and anecdotal outcomes from natural compound pharmacology studies, bridging medicine, trance, and drug studies.
Abstract
Background: In controlled, clinical studies of the impact of psilocybin on patients with life-threatening cancers, Johns Hopkins and NYU researcher...
Everything old is new again: are psychedelic medicines poised to take mental health by storm?
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica – October 26, 2018
Summary
A compelling storm is transforming mental health. Psychedelics, once fringe, are now central to psychiatry and psychology. Groundbreaking drug studies show psilocybin, an alkaloid, yields profound benefits. In one trial of 51 cancer patients, a single dose produced large effect size reductions in depression and anxiety, with over 50% achieving remission at 6 months. Another study with 20 patients showed 47% with treatment-resistant depression responded, 66% maintaining at 6 months. These findings highlight a unique neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, offering hope for new treatments.
Abstract
Three years ago, when I accepted a position as Director of Clinical and Translational Research at Usona Institute, a non-profit medical research or...
Psychedelics: The New Kid on the Block
Annals of Indian Psychiatry – January 01, 2024
Summary
Remarkably, 80% of 51 cancer patients maintained significant reductions in depression and anxiety six months after high-dose psilocybin. These psychedelics, studied extensively in drug studies and psychology, alter perception and consciousness, potentially inspiring new perspectives akin to art. Biochemical analysis (fMRI/EEG) reveals they increase global functional connectivity by reconfiguring the brain's functional "blocks." From chemical synthesis of alkaloids, these substances show promise for depression, addiction, and anxiety, revolutionizing psychopharmacology.
Abstract
HISTORY In the early part of twentieth century, these molecules were known as psychotomimetics, meaning that they create a state similar to psychos...
Problemática de las subastas de arte en España
Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja) – January 01, 1996
Summary
Psilocybin, a promising antidepressant, does not impair memory consolidation. A placebo-controlled trial with 20 healthy volunteers (10 M/10 F) found it neither improved nor negatively affected immediate or overnight retention of learned material. This ensures cognitive functions remain intact, vital for engaging with Philosophy, Art, Historical Architecture, Archaeology, Cultural Heritage, Urbanism, Landscape, and Tourism studies. This evidence strengthens psilocybin's safety profile, supporting its therapeutic potential.
Abstract
Psilocybin is investigated as a fast-acting antidepressant used in conjunction with psychotherapy. Intact cognitive functions, including memory, ar...
Ministry of the Mushroom
International Journal for the Study of New Religions – March 23, 2022
Summary
Beyond clinical applications, a compelling trend shows psilocybin mushroom churches emerging, offering unique spiritual pathways. These communities foster "sacred sensemaking," interpreting the hallucinogen psilocybin as a divine sacrament through ritual practices. This sociological shift contrasts with traditional Christian ministry, suggesting a distinct psychological approach to spiritual exploration. It expands psychedelics and drug studies beyond chemical synthesis, hinting at diverse academic research themes, from the aesthetics of ritual to the psychoanalytic depth of personal transformation.
Abstract
Recently there has been a surge of renewed interest in the psychedelic compound psilocybin. In particular, psilocybin is being studied in clinical ...
Untersuchungen zur Biosynthese von Indolalkaloiden aus den Basidiomyceten der Gattung Psilocybe
Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek – January 01, 2020
Summary
A striking finding reveals Psilocybe fungi simultaneously produce psilocybin, a potent psychedelic, and β-carbolines. This biochemistry suggests synergistic effects, potentially enhancing psilocybin's impact by inhibiting a key enzyme. Uncovering the psilocybin biosynthesis gene cluster was crucial. This biological insight into fungal chemistry, a field yielding diverse compounds from lantibiotics to psychedelics, enabled laboratory production of psilocybin and novel alkaloid analogues, like 6-methylpsilocybin, through enzyme-driven chemical synthesis for drug development.
Abstract
The goal of this doctoral thesis was the close examination of the biosynthesis of different indole alkaloides produced by different species of the ...
The Heffter Research Institute: Past and Hopeful Future
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – January 01, 2014
Summary
Psilocybin shows significant promise in alleviating severe distress for end-stage cancer patients, leading to plans for a large Phase 3 clinical trial. The Heffter Research Institute, founded in 1993, spearheads pioneering research in Psychiatry, Psychology, and Medicine into psychedelics' therapeutic potential. Initial Psychedelics and Drug Studies, part of diverse academic research themes, have successfully explored psilocybin for obsessive-compulsive disorder, alcoholism, and smoking cessation. These efforts address conditions like Anxiety and Depression, offering new avenues for Psychotherapists. The institute focuses on the chemical synthesis and alkaloids of these compounds, advancing their medical value.
Abstract
This essay describes the founding of the Heffter Research Institute in 1993 and its development up to the present. The Institute is the only scient...
Psychedelics Improve the Mental Health of Rats
The FASEB Journal – April 01, 2019
Summary
A single dose of the hallucinogen psilocybin produced long-lasting antidepressant and anxiolytic effects in rats, suggesting a neurochemical basis beyond human psychology. Male Wistar-Kyoto rats (n=8 per group) given psilocybin showed reduced anxiety and depression-like behaviors for over five weeks. Lysergic acid diethylamide, another alkaloid, also had an antidepressant effect, unlike ketamine (used in anesthesia) or saline. This pharmacology insight from psychedelics drug studies indicates a biological foundation for their sustained benefits in medicine and psychiatry, influencing neurotransmitter receptors and behavior.
Abstract
Introduction Psilocybin has recently demonstrated profound efficacy to alleviate depression and anxiety in several clinical trials and has received...
Participant demographics (weighted %).
OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University) – May 07, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin's association with lower opioid use disorder odds varies significantly by ethnic group. A large demography analysis of 706,891 individuals from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, using logistic regression, revealed White participants had 16% lower odds (aOR: 0.84) and Hispanic participants 32% lower odds (aOR: 0.68) of OUD with psilocybin use. No such association was found for Black, Asian, Indigenous, or Multiracial groups. This highlights crucial race-based disparities in medicine and clinical psychology, impacting psychiatry.
Abstract
Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a debilitating health condition that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the U.S. Wh...
Johns Hopkins Opens Research Center on Psychedelics
Psychiatric News – October 28, 2019
Summary
Johns Hopkins has launched a $17 million Center for Psychedelic and Consciousness Research, funded for five years by private donations. This significant hub for drug studies will investigate compounds like psilocybin and MDMA for psychiatric disorders, including opioid use, PTSD, and anorexia nervosa. The Center aims to advance medicine by training future experts in psychology and psychiatry, carefully exploring psychedelics' therapeutic potential after decades of limited research. This represents a major investment in understanding these powerful substances.
Abstract
Back to table of contents Previous article Next article ProfessionalFull AccessJohns Hopkins Opens Research Center on PsychedelicsNick ZagorskiNick...
Participant demographics (unweighted counts).
OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University) – May 07, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin's potential to reduce opioid use disorder (OUD) odds varies significantly across racial and ethnic groups. Analyzing 706,891 individuals' national survey data in a cross-sectional study via logistic regression revealed a clear association with lower odds only for White (0.84 odds ratio) and Hispanic (0.68 odds ratio) participants. Black, Asian, Indigenous, and Multiracial ethnic groups showed no such link. This highlights crucial demographic differences in the medicine's psychological impact, informing clinical psychology and psychiatry.
Abstract
Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a debilitating health condition that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the U.S. Wh...
Cultivation, chemistry, and genome of Psilocybe zapotecorum
OpenAlex – November 02, 2023
Summary
*Psilocybe zapotecorum*, a mushroom with historical indigenous use, contains a potent psilocybin concentration of 17.9 mg/g, ranging from 10.6-25.7 mg/g across seven samples. Its full genome, revealing the psilocybin gene cluster, offers new biological insights. Combining Fungal Biology and Applications with Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, the work profiles its complex tryptamine chemistry, including psilocin and baeocystin. A total tryptamine concentration reached 22.5 mg/g. These findings advance Psychedelics and Drug Studies by illuminating the diversity of naturally occurring psilocybin sources.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybe zapotecorum is a strongly blue-bruising psilocybin mushroom used by indigenous groups in southeastern Mexico and beyond. While t...
Psychedelic science in post-COVID-19 psychiatry
Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine – August 19, 2020
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, holds significant promise for mental health, particularly for major depressive disorder in post-Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) psychiatry. Ongoing Psychedelics and Drug Studies are exploring this potential. A phase 2b trial is currently assessing its safety and efficacy for treatment-resistant depression. Another study compares psilocybin therapy to traditional medicine, like SSRIs, delving into its Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior. While early in development, this chemical synthesis alkaloid could empower psychotherapists with new tools in psychology, offering a vital therapeutic role in medicine.
Abstract
The medium- to long-term consequences of COVID-19 are not yet known, though an increase in mental health problems are predicted. Multidisciplinary ...
Magic Mushrooms
The Meducator – January 01, 2023
Summary
A single dose of the hallucinogen psilocybin, a naturally occurring alkaloid, can significantly reduce Major Depressive Disorder and Anxiety symptoms, with mood improvements lasting 6 to 12 months. This offers a compelling alternative to conventional antidepressant regimens. Psilocybin's influence on neurotransmitter receptors and neural pathways shows immense promise in Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology for various mood disorders, including addiction. This shift in Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlights its potential in Medicine for mental health.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a naturally occurring compound present in numerous mushroom species characterised by its hallucinogenic and psychedelic effects. Alth...
577. CLINICAL EVIDENCE AND APPLICATIONS OF PSYCHEDELICS FOR MENTAL ILLNESSES
The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology – August 01, 2025
Summary
Australia's regulatory approval for psilocybin in treatment-resistant depression signals a major Psychiatry breakthrough. This psychedelic, central to Drug Studies, initiates specific Chemical Reactions by influencing brain serotonin receptors, a critical Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior. Clinical psychology reveals psilocybin provides rapid, robust antidepressant effects, enduring for months to a year after only one or two treatment sessions. Neuroimaging further illuminates how this modulates brain circuits, offering deep insights into its therapeutic promise for mental health.
Abstract
Abstract Background Psychedelics have long been explored as potential treatments for mental illnesses. Since the mid-20th century, clinical trials ...
Author response: Self-blinding citizen science to explore psychedelic microdosing
OpenAlex – December 11, 2020
Summary
Microdosing psychedelics like psilocybin offers no unique psychological benefits beyond expectation, a large clinical trial suggests. This self-blinding study, involving 191 participants over four weeks, found significant improvements in mood and anxiety for both microdose and placebo groups. Acute hallucinogen effects were observed but linked to participants breaking blind. This challenges anecdotal claims popular in clinical psychology, highlighting the potent placebo effect in medicine and addiction treatment. Findings influence future pharmacology, psychiatry, and drug studies concerning chemical synthesis.
Abstract
Article Figures and data Abstract eLife digest Introduction Materials and methods Results Discussion Appendix 1 Data availability References Decisi...
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Aspects of secondary metabolism in basidiomycetes: I. biological and biochemical studies on Psilocybe cubensis II. a survey of phenol-o-methyltransferase in species of Lentinus and Lentinellus
Open Collections – January 01, 2010
Summary
For Fungal Biology and Applications, *Psilocybe cubensis* maximizes psilocybin production by the fifth day in liquid culture. This Biochemistry is influenced by L-tryptophan, which stimulates early alkaloid synthesis. Psilocin exhibits slight antibiotic activity against *Candida albicans*. In a separate investigation, eight *Lentinus* and *Lentinellus* species were examined. Only *Lentinus lepideus* and *Lentinus ponderosus* displayed phenol-O-methyltransferase activity. The enzyme's Chemistry is specific, acting on three of six tested compounds like methyl p-coumarate, advancing our understanding of fungal Environmental Chemistry.
Abstract
I. Psilocybe cubensis was cultured successfully in two media. Medium A was devised by Catalfomo and Tyler and Medium B was a modification of a medi...
From relaxed beliefs under psychedelics (REBUS) to revised beliefs after psychedelics (REBAS).
Scientific reports – January 29, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin can help people break free from deeply-held negative beliefs about themselves, leading to improved mental well-being. When given a high dose of psilocybin, participants experienced decreased confidence in their negative self-beliefs, both during and one month after treatment. Brain activity measurements showed increased neural flexibility during these belief changes, suggesting psychedelics may help "rewire" rigid thought patterns into healthier perspectives.
Abstract
The Relaxed Beliefs Under pSychedelics (REBUS) model proposes that serotonergic psychedelics decrease the precision weighting of neurobiologically-...
Psychedelics and Hallucinogens in Psychiatry: Finding New PharmacologicalTargets
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry – December 02, 2021
Summary
Psilocybin significantly reduced obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms in a small sample, highlighting the potential of psychedelics and hallucinogens in psychiatry. Ayahuasca, Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and psilocybin show promise for depression and anxiety, with psilocybin also aiding tobacco addiction and LSD assisting alcohol use disorders. These substances, explored in drug studies, appear safe. Their influence on neurotransmitter receptors, like 5HT2A, and brain connectivity changes, identified through biochemical analysis, offer new avenues in psychology and addiction treatment, despite current studies having small samples.
Abstract
Background: The therapeutic options for neurobehavioral disorders are still limited, and in many cases, they lack a satisfactory balance between ef...
The Causal Role of Consciousness in Psychedelic Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression: Hypothesis and Proposal
ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science – July 16, 2025
Summary
Does the psychedelic experience truly heal depression? A new approach investigates whether psilocybin's therapeutic effects, crucial for clinical psychology, require conscious awareness or solely neurobiological actions. One group receives 25mg psilocybin with psychotherapist-guided integration. Another receives the same dose under anesthesia, eliminating consciousness. A third, placebo group also undergoes anesthesia. By isolating subjective experiences from the neurotransmitter receptor influence, this drug study aims to clarify if the profound psychological shifts, often linked to psychoanalysis, are essential for improving depression symptoms. This will reshape future psychedelic treatment protocols.
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of psychedelic substances, particularly psilocybin, for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) has garnered considerable at...