3085 results for "Psilocybin"
Structure Elucidation and Spectroscopic Analysis of Chromophores Produced by Oxidative Psilocin Dimerization
Chemistry - A European Journal – June 01, 2021
Summary
The iconic blue hue of psilocybin mushrooms, a natural product central to psychedelics and drug studies, has been precisely identified. Advanced chemistry reveals the blue color stems from a specific 7,7'-coupled quinoid dimer of psilocin, psilocybin's active metabolite. Previous assumptions pointed to a 5,5'-coupled dimer. Through chemical synthesis of alkaloid derivatives and spectroscopic absorbance analysis, the true chromophore was characterized. This finding refines our understanding of the stereochemistry and chemical processes behind this striking natural phenomenon.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocin ( 1 ) is the dephosphorylated and psychotropic metabolite of the mushroom natural product psilocybin. Oxidation of the phenolic h...
Registered clinical studies investigating psychedelic drugs for psychiatric disorders.
Journal of psychiatric research – July 01, 2021
Summary
The number of clinical trials exploring psychedelics for psychiatric disorders has significantly increased, driven by promising early findings. Researchers are investigating compounds like MDMA and psilocybin, primarily for conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder and depression. Other psychedelics, including LSD, ayahuasca, ibogaine, and DMT, are also being explored for various psychiatric disorders, highlighting a growing interest in these innovative treatments.
Abstract
Psychedelics are a hallucinogenic class of psychoactive drugs with the primary effect of activating non-ordinary states of consciousness. Due to th...
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Electrodynamics of the Psychedelic Experience
Preprints.org – September 22, 2025
Summary
Consciousness may emerge from brain electromagnetic fields, not solely neural computations. Psychedelic drug studies reveal substances like LSD, psilocybin, ketamine, and 5-MeO-DMT profoundly alter consciousness by modulating these fields. Evidence suggests these chemicals act as "field resonance enhancers." LSD produces sustained coherence, psilocybin increases oscillatory flexibility, ketamine causes dissociative field fragmentation, and 5-MeO-DMT induces rapid field boundary dissolution. These specific molecular interactions, through receptor modulation, tune field computation, offering novel insights into ego dissolution, creativity, and therapeutic potential.
Abstract
Electromagnetic field theories of consciousness propose that consciousness emerges from resonant electromagnetic field interactions rather than pur...
Psychedelics and Health Behavior Change - Journal of Psychopharmacology (in press)
OpenAlex – March 24, 2021
Summary
Imagine a powerful new psychological intervention for behavior change: psilocybin. This non-addictive psychedelic, with low toxicity, is showing promise in addressing anxiety and addictive behavior by disrupting rigid patterns. Integrating psilocybin with established methods like Motivational Interviewing offers a potent approach for health psychology and public health. Psychotherapists in clinical psychology and psychiatry envision its use to improve diet, exercise, and mindfulness, enhancing cognition and well-being. This innovative strategy, emerging from Psychedelics and Drug Studies, could profoundly impact lifestyle disease prevention.
Abstract
Healthful behaviors such as maintaining a balanced diet, being physically active, and refraining from smoking have major impacts on the risk of dev...
Ginastera au bout de l'archet
OpenAlex – February 18, 2009
Summary
Psilocybin and MDMA profoundly reshape social decision-making, significantly reducing the rejection of unfair offers. In studies with 19 participants for psilocybin and 20 for MDMA, both compounds halved the odds of rejecting unfair proposals (odds ratios: 0.57 and 0.42). MDMA also boosted prosocial offers to others (Cohen's d = 0.82). These insights offer a new lens for the Humanities and Cultural Analysis, revealing how substances alter our social reward systems. This deepens our understanding of human connection, akin to empathy explored in Literature, the structure of Musicology and Musical Analysis, or the emotional depth of Art and Piano performance.
Abstract
Disruptions in social decision-making are becoming evident in many psychiatric conditions. These are studied using paradigms investigating the psyc...
Dynamic coupling of whole-brain neuronal and neurotransmitter systems
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences – April 13, 2020
Summary
A groundbreaking Neuroscience study reveals how Psilocybin fundamentally alters brain function. Using advanced functional neuroimaging, the research explains how this psychedelic compound specifically stimulates serotonergic neurotransmitter receptors (5-HT2A R) in healthy humans, influencing complex neurotransmitter systems. This work, crucial for Psychedelics and Drug Studies and Mental Health Research Topics, offers deep understanding of neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. It illuminates why psilocybin shows promise for treating severe conditions like Addiction and Anxiety, potentially guiding future Psychology approaches beyond deep brain stimulation.
Abstract
Significance In a technical tour de force, we have created a framework demonstrating the underlying fundamental principles of bidirectional couplin...
Therapeutic use of classic psychedelics to treat cancer-related psychiatric distress
International Review of Psychiatry – July 04, 2018
Summary
Psilocybin, a powerful hallucinogen, shows remarkable potential in psychiatry, offering rapid and sustained relief from cancer-related distress. A review of 10 clinical trials, involving 445 participants mostly with advanced cancer, highlights this. Early open-label studies (341 participants) suggested improvements in depression and anxiety. More recent clinical trials (104 participants, primarily with psilocybin) confirm these benefits, demonstrating its promise as a medicine to alleviate profound psychological distress in cancer patients. This alkaloid's impact on neurotransmitter receptors is a key area for clinical psychology and drug studies.
Abstract
Cancer is highly prevalent and one of the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality. Psychological and existential suffering is common in ca...
An Overview on the Taxonomy, Phylogenetics and Ecology of the Psychedelic Genera Psilocybe, Panaeolus, Pluteus and Gymnopilus
Frontiers in Forests and Global Change – May 23, 2022
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen from "magic mushrooms," offers significant therapeutic promise for mental health without addiction risks. Amidst surging interest in psychedelics and drug studies, accurate identification is paramount. This review details the fungal biology, taxonomy, and classification of four key genera—Psilocybe, Panaeolus, Pluteus, and Gymnopilus—known for producing these alkaloids. Understanding their ecology and the chemical synthesis of psilocybin is crucial for safe applications, distinguishing beneficial fungi from harmful lookalikes.
Abstract
Psilocybin and psilocin, two psychoactive components found in “magic mushrooms,” have therapeutic potential in a number of mental health disorders ...
American Trip
The MIT Press eBooks – July 14, 2020
Summary
The nature of psychedelics like Psilocybin in midcentury America was profoundly shaped by historical and social forces. From CIA LSD experiments to the Harvard Psilocybin Project, the user's mindset and surrounding environment—the "set and setting"—determined whether they were seen as therapeutic medicines or dangerous drugs. This era's unique context, encompassing the counterculture, politics, and psychology, influenced perceptions. Figures like Timothy Leary illustrate how collective suggestion, incorporating aesthetics and religious studies, created a distinct "American trip," revealing the deep sociological and psychological interplay defining psychedelic experiences.
Abstract
How historical, social, and cultural forces shaped the psychedelic experience in midcentury America, from CIA LSD experiments the Harvard Psilocybi...
From psychiatry to neurology: Psychedelics as prospective therapeutics for neurodegenerative disorders
Journal of Neurochemistry – September 14, 2021
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, is revolutionizing psychiatry, uniquely improving major depressive disorder (MDD) symptoms long-term after a single treatment. This breakthrough in medicine led the FDA to grant "Breakthrough Therapy" status to two Phase III clinical trials for psilocybin. Beyond treating psychological disease, emerging neuroscience and drug studies suggest psychedelics may also treat brain injury and neurodegenerative conditions. These compounds foster neuroplasticity, offering new avenues for neurology and understanding neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior.
Abstract
Abstract The studies of psychedelics, especially psychedelic tryptamines like psilocybin, are rapidly gaining interest in neuroscience research. Mu...
Rethinking Therapeutic Strategies for Anorexia Nervosa: Insights From Psychedelic Medicine and Animal Models
Frontiers in Neuroscience – February 04, 2020
Summary
Anorexia nervosa has the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric disease, with current treatments largely ineffective. Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, offers new hope. This psychedelic medicine shows promise for addressing cognitive inflexibility and neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior in AN. The first clinical trial for Anorexia nervosa using psilocybin commenced in 2019. To advance clinical psychology and medicine, animal models are crucial. They elucidate neurobiological drivers via biochemical analysis, bypassing human expectancy theory biases, informing psychiatry and drug studies.
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) has the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric disease, yet available pharmacological treatments are largely ineffective d...
14C-Psilocin tissue distribution in pregnant rats after intravenous administration
Functional Foods in Health and Disease – July 27, 2014
Summary
Psilocybin's active component, psilocin, readily crosses the placental barrier, lingering in fetal tissues. Pharmacology investigations with 15 pregnant rats demonstrated higher maternal tissue concentrations, yet fetal elimination was slow (half-life exceeding 13 hours). Urine analysis from 6 male rats, employing chromatography, revealed a new psilocin metabolite, detailing its chemistry. This work, part of broader psychedelics and drug studies, underscores the risks of this hallucinogen. Considering psilocybin's alkaloid nature and neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, avoiding magic mushrooms during pregnancy is crucial.
Abstract
Background: Many species of hallucinogenic mushrooms have been found in the genus Psilocybe. The main psychoactive chemicals of Psilocybe mushrooms...
Adolescent drug use in Wales
British Journal of Addiction – February 01, 1992
Summary
A significant finding for Pediatrics and Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development reveals just over a fifth of 2239 Welsh 15-16 year olds reported trying drugs. A tenth used drugs within the past month. Marijuana, solvents, and psilocybin were most common. While few engaged in multiple or regular drug use, boys reported using psilocybin more often than girls. These insights are crucial for Psychology, Psychiatry, and Medicine, informing Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes, and highlight the need for targeted interventions, perhaps even Digital Mental Health Interventions, to support youth.
Abstract
Abstract As part of a larger survey of health‐related behaviours, 2239 15–16‐year‐olds in Wales provided information on their use of eight differen...
Psychedelic Integration: Psychotherapy for non-ordinary states of consciousness
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – November 16, 2023
Summary
Psychedelic research is exploding, indicating substances like MDMA and psilocybin may soon be mainstream for conditions like PTSD and depression. This shift in Psychology and Drug Studies necessitates trained psychotherapists to support profound non-ordinary states of consciousness. Psychologist and psychotherapist Marc B. Aixalà, with a decade of experience, exemplifies this expertise. Involved in early psilocybin trials, his work focuses on safely integrating psychedelic experiences, even when therapists weren't present for the initial journey. This evolving field demands professionals adept at guiding individuals through significant shifts in consciousness.
Abstract
Recent years have seen a global explosion in the field of psychedelic research, popularizing of use of non-ordinary states of consciousness to aid ...
Psychiatry’s next top model: cause for a re-think on drug models of psychosis and other psychiatric disorders
Journal of Psychopharmacology – June 19, 2013
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, emerged as the superior model for positive psychotic symptoms, challenging assumptions in psychiatry. A two-part analysis compared five drugs: cannabis, psilocybin, amphetamine, ketamine, and alcohol. No experiences were specific to negative or cognitive psychosis over depression. Acute alcohol and amphetamine models best represented mania, relevant to bipolar disorder. This work in clinical psychology and medicine suggests novel avenues for understanding conditions like schizophrenia, informing psychedelic drug studies and neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior.
Abstract
Despite the widespread application of drug modelling in psychiatric research, the relative value of different models has never been formally compar...
Hallucinogenic/psychedelic 5HT2A receptor agonists as rapid antidepressant therapeutics: Evidence and mechanisms of action
Journal of Psychopharmacology – March 19, 2021
Summary
Almost a third of patients with major depressive disorder are non-responders to current antidepressants, a critical challenge in Psychiatry. Promisingly, fast-acting serotonergic hallucinogens like psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, and ayahuasca demonstrate antidepressant and anxiety-reducing effects. Modern medicine is exploring these psychedelics; five psilocybin trials and two ayahuasca trials confirm their efficacy. Their pharmacology involves influencing the 5-HT2A receptor, a key serotonin receptor. These drug studies highlight their profound neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, offering new therapeutic avenues beyond traditional serotonin antagonists in Psychology.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is among the most prevalent mental health disorders worldwide, and it is associated with a reduced quality of life ...
Associations between classic psychedelics and nicotine dependence in a nationally representative sample
Scientific Reports – June 22, 2022
Summary
Lifetime psilocybin use is linked to reduced odds of nicotine dependence. A large psychology study of 214,505 adults found psilocybin use was associated with 7-13% lower odds of current nicotine dependence. Mescaline and peyote also showed 9-21% reduced odds of specific nicotine dependence measures. However, LSD use was associated with 17-24% *increased* odds. This logistic regression analysis suggests certain hallucinogen psychedelics might offer new avenues in medicine and psychiatry for addiction and smoking cessation, influencing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. This field of drug studies explores novel approaches to addiction.
Abstract
Abstract Tobacco use is the single largest cause of preventable death worldwide, but none of the established treatments aimed at smoking cessation ...
The constituents of Gymnopilus spectabilis.
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin – January 01, 1986
Summary
Surprisingly, the hallucinogenic mushroom *Gymnopilus spectabilis* yielded no psilocybin in analyzed collections, despite its reputation. Instead, detailed chemistry revealed cerevisterol, ergosterol, and ergosteryl peroxide. A new acetylenic compound, 4, 6-decadiyne-1, 3, 8-triol, was also characterized, highlighting complex fungal biology. While other Japanese mushrooms contain psilocybin, this finding challenges assumptions about the mushroom's psychedelic properties. Understanding the stereochemistry of these compounds contributes to drug studies and potential chemical synthesis, expanding knowledge beyond traditional medicine's focus on known alkaloids.
Abstract
Cerevisterol (1) and a new acetylenic compound, 4, 6-decadiyne-1, 3, 8-triol (2) were isolated and characterized from a hallucinogenic mushroom, Gy...
Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 5-Methylpsilocybin: A Tryptamine with Potential Psychedelic Activity
Journal of Natural Products – March 05, 2021
Summary
A novel psilocybin analogue, 5-methylpsilocybin, exhibits potent biological activity. Its chemical synthesis involved a unique *in vitro* enzymatic phosphorylation of a tryptamine derivative, 5-methylpsilocin, utilizing a *Psilocybe cubensis* kinase. Biochemical analysis ensured high purity of this new hallucinogen. In drug studies, it showed psychedelic-like effects in mice, proving more potent than dimethyltryptamine but less potent than psilocybin. This innovative chemistry expands the realm of synthetic alkaloids.
Abstract
A novel analogue of psilocybin was produced by hybrid chemoenzymatic synthesis in sufficient quantity to enable bioassay. Utilizing purified 4-hydr...
Phylogenetic and chemical studies in the potential psychotropic species complex of Psilocybe atrobrunnea with taxonomic and nomenclatural notes
Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi – November 26, 2014
Summary
Psilocybin and psilocin, potent psychedelic alkaloids, were detected for the first time in the fungus *Psilocybe medullosa*. Investigating five *Psilocybe* species using four molecular markers, phylogenetic analysis reclassified *P. laetissima* into the *Leratiomyces* genus. Intriguingly, *P. atrobrunnea* showed no psilocybin or psilocin, even with tryptamine-rich media, suggesting a lost biosynthesis pathway for these psychedelics. This advances understanding of fungal biology, chemical synthesis of alkaloids, and plant and fungal interactions within the genus.
Abstract
Five Psilocybe species with unresolved systematic position ( P. atrobrunnea , P. laetissima , P. medul- losa , P. pelliculosa , and P. silvatica ) ...
Drug-drug interactions between classic psychedelics and psychoactive drugs: a systematic review
OpenAlex – June 01, 2023
Summary
Serious adverse events are rare when classic hallucinogens like Psilocybin, Lysergic acid diethylamide, or Mescaline combine with other psychoactive drugs. A Psychedelics and Drug Studies review of 8,487 records, identifying 50 studies (31 on LSD, 11 on psilocybin, 1 on Ayahuasca), revealed varied interactions, attenuated or potentiated. Understanding their chemical synthesis and alkaloids, including MDMA and other psychotropic recreational drugs, is vital for medicine, psychiatry, and psychology, informing mood and neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior.
Abstract
Abstract Classic psychedelics, lysergic acid diethylamide, psilocybin, mescaline and N,N-dimethyltryptamine, are potent psychoactive substances tha...
Use of Selective Alternative Therapies for Treatment of OCD
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment – April 01, 2023
Summary
A compelling 40% of individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders don't respond to existing medicine. A systematic review of 16 observational studies, from sources like Cochrane Library and MEDLINE, explored alternative drug options. Examining Psilocybin (4 studies), Cannabis (7 studies), Nicotine (3 studies), and Morphine (2 studies), positive effects were reported by all Psilocybin and morphine users, 88.2% of nicotine users, and 74.1% of Cannabis users. Tolerability was generally good, though some experienced worsening symptoms. This offers promising avenues for Psychiatry, Internal medicine, and Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
About 40% of the people with the obsessive-compulsive-disorder do not experience the desired outcome after the existing treatment, and its several ...
Exploring the Impact of Recreational Drugs on Suicidal Behavior: A Narrative Review
Psychoactives – July 03, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen, may offer a surprising protective effect against suicidal behavior, a key finding for clinical psychology and psychiatry. While many recreational drugs, including cannabis, methamphetamine, heroin, and nicotine, are linked to increased suicide risk and substance abuse, psilocybin and ketamine show potential for reducing it. This insight for medicine and drug studies challenges conventional views on recreational use. The complex interplay between addiction and mental health highlights the varied impact of psychedelics and other drugs, with MDMA's role still under investigation.
Abstract
Substance use/abuse and suicide are two closely related phenomena, mostly due to neurobiological, psychological, and social impairments. In the pre...
5HT2a Receptors – a New Target for Depression?
European Psychiatry – March 01, 2015
Summary
Psychedelics like psilocybin profoundly reduce brain activity, particularly in areas rich in the 5-HT2A receptor, a key 5-HT receptor. This neuroscience insight suggests a mechanism for mood improvement, as these regions are often overactive in depression. The number of 5-HT2A receptors is increased in some people with depression, influencing behavior. Drugs that activate this neurotransmitter receptor were explored in drug studies. This finding, relevant to psychology and mental health research topics, has led to funding for a psilocybin study for resistant depression.
Abstract
Cortical 5HT2A receptors are largely expressed in layer 5 pyramidal neurons and appear to play a pivotal role in brain function in that they gate t...
Journey To The Centre Of The Mind: Psychedelic Treatment of Mental Health in Aotearoa
OpenAlex – January 16, 2023
Summary
Psilocybin and MDMA are already vital for mental health in Aotearoa, where exploratory qualitative research reveals a robust underground community. Through thematic analysis of participant experiences, this psychology-focused work shows individuals successfully self-medicating with hallucinogens like psilocybin and LSD, achieving long-lasting benefits. Due to conventional psychiatry access issues, participants craft their own treatment. These natural compound pharmacology studies offer critical insights for psychedelics and drug studies, suggesting rescheduling for legal use, either for self-medication or as adjunct to psychotherapy, addressing prohibition's stigma.
Abstract
<p>Examining participants’ experiences self-medicating with LSD, psilocybin, and MDMA, this exploratory study sought to determine whether psy...
Not all serotonergic psychedelics are alike - they induce distinct patterns of altered metabolic activity and connectivity
OpenAlex – May 28, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a powerful hallucinogen, uniquely alters brain activity compared to LSD and 2C-B. Neuroscience on three psychedelics in rat brains showed psilocybin specifically rewired cortical regions, influencing behavior. Conversely, LSD and 2C-B similarly inhibited the anterior cingulate cortex and boosted dopamine-rich areas. These distinct pharmacological actions, influencing neurotransmitter receptors, are crucial for Medicine and Psychedelics and Drug Studies. Understanding these differences in brain activity can guide treatments for neuropsychiatric disorders, including anxiety, and inform future drug development.
Abstract
Serotonergic psychedelic drugs have shown promising benefits in trials for various neuropsychiatric disorders. While the acute effects of these psy...
Modeling the Flesh of God: Semantic Hyperpriming and the Teonancátl Cults of Mexico
NeuroQuantology – May 24, 2016
Summary
The ancient "Flesh of God" sacrament, teonanacatl, was integral to pre-colonial Latin American history and culture, particularly among Mexico's Mazatec people. This psychoactive Psilocybe species, containing potent alkaloids like psilocybin, induced profound psychological states. Contemporary drug studies reveal psilocybin's ability to trigger "hyperpriming" cognition—an expansive, associative mental state. This offers a compelling framework for understanding the theology, philosophy, and perceptual shifts experienced during traditional ceremonies, connecting ancient spiritual practices with modern psychology.
Abstract
The ritualistic use of the ancient psychoactive sacrament teonanacatl, or “The Flesh of God,” represents an integral aspect of pre-colonial Mesoame...
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Historical overview
OpenAlex – March 01, 2023
Summary
Human history with Psilocybin and Lysergic acid diethylamide is profound. Indigenous cultures used these hallucinogens for millennia, an ethnology now informing modern understanding. Albert Hofmann synthesized Lysergic acid diethylamide in the 1940s; Psilocybin gained notice in the 1950s, sparking cultural fascination, impacting art and art history. After 1970s drug laws, a 1990s scientific Renaissance began. Psychedelics and Drug Studies now explore their potential, much like a MAGIC telescope explores the cosmos, revealing new perspectives on this complex history.
Abstract
Abstract Humans have a long and complicated history with psychedelic compounds. Originally discovered as a component of certain plants and fungi, t...
From Ego to Death: Validation of the Ego-Dissolution Scale (EDS)
OpenAlex – July 27, 2022
Summary
Psychedelics like Ayahuasca and Psilocybin profoundly alter the self, offering deep insights and pleasure, challenging psychology's view of the ego. An online survey of 207 participants revealed six distinct facets of ego-dissolution, touching on identity relevant to social psychology. Ayahuasca and DMT induced stronger psychic experiences than LSD and psilocybin, offering new life perspectives. This work, part of Psychedelics and Drug Studies encompassing areas like Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, contributes to understanding the Id, ego, and super-ego.
Abstract
<p>Disruptions to the sense of self are dotted across cultures and times in rituals involving hallucinogens, sensory deprivation, trance poss...
Revelation and Doubt
Columbia University Press eBooks – December 08, 2015
Summary
Psilocybin profoundly shifts spiritual perception. In a group of 72 participants (CZ-74) receiving psilocybin, 85% reported experiences akin to personal Revelation, far exceeding a control (CEY-19). This echoes early insights from Walter Pahnke and Hanscarl Leuner. Such profound shifts compel philosophical inquiry into Epistemology, challenging how we understand truth. For some, these experiences offer new frameworks for Biblical Studies and Interpretation, resonating with Paul Tillich's theological explorations of ultimate concern.
Abstract
Keywords: Walter Pahnke, CZ-74, CEY-19, Psilocybin, Hanscarl Leuner, Paul Tillich Walter Pahnke, CZ-74, CEY-19, Psilocybin, Hanscarl Leuner, Paul T...
Assessing the psyhophysiological effects of Happy Tea at a Microdose Together company social event
Open Science Framework – November 06, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin profoundly impacts individuals in naturalistic settings, replicating lab observations. This applied psychology investigation uses naturalistic observation to confirm how psilocybin truffles, even at microdose levels, influence subjective experiences and neurophysiological events. Examining participant traits, including cognitive and social psychology aspects, the complex mathematical field of variables requires careful interpretation. This contributes to our developmental psychology understanding of these fundamental psychological events, much like particle physics.
Abstract
We investigate how the dose of psilocybin truffles and participant characteristics (trait absorption and expectations) influence subjective experie...
THE BENEFITS OF PSYCHEDELIC THERAPY FOR MENTAL HEALTH: EXPLORING PSYCHEDELICS
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – May 13, 2022
Summary
Psychedelic psychotherapy shows profound promise for mental health. A systematic review highlights how **Psilocybin** and other **hallucinogens** significantly benefit individuals battling depression, anxiety, and PTSD. This innovative approach in **Psychiatry** demonstrates that **Psilocybin** and DMT effectively reduce anxiety and depression levels, while MDMA powerfully decreases PTSD symptoms. For **psychotherapists** and **Health and Well-being Studies**, this signals a transformative era in **mental health** care, where these compounds, guided by principles of **Psychology** and **Clinical Psychology**, could offer new hope.
Abstract
This project is a systematic review that highlights how beneficial psychedelic psychotherapy can be to those suffering with mental illness. The thr...
Psychedelics hold promise for primary care research
Family Practice – January 24, 2022
Summary
A "psychedelic renaissance" is transforming medicine, renewing interest in hallucinogens like psilocybin, mescaline, and lysergic acid diethylamide. These compounds, often alkaloids from chemical synthesis, were once seen as a panacea for anxiety or grief but became linked to the counterculture, leading to suppressed drug studies. Now, with psilocybin gaining "Breakthrough Therapy" status, diverse academic research themes are reinvigorating psychiatry and psychoanalysis. Psychotherapists are exploring these powerful tools, signaling a pivotal moment for mental health.
Abstract
Dear Editor, We are in the midst of a so-called “psychedelic renaissance,” a time of renewed interest in the therapeutic potential of psychoactive ...
Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacokinetic Profiling of Fluorinated Reversible N -Alkyl Carbamate Derivatives of Psilocin for Sub-Hallucinogenic Brain Exposure
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry – January 26, 2026
Summary
A novel approach significantly reduces the hallucinogenic effects of psilocybin, a promising psychedelic for neuropsychiatric conditions. Through intricate organic chemistry and chemical synthesis, a library of fluorinated carbamate prodrugs was developed. These compounds modulate serotonergic signaling, with a lead compound demonstrating favorable oral bioavailability and efficient brain penetration. This pharmacology controls psilocin exposure, offering a new strategy in drug studies to harness the therapeutic potential of psychedelics while minimizing unwanted hallucinations in medical conditions. Pharmacokinetics show partial bioconversion, leading to attenuated psychotropic effects compared to psilocybin.
Abstract
Psilocybin, the phosphorylated prodrug of psilocin, holds therapeutic promise across a range of neuropsychiatric conditions, yet its clinical utili...
Panaeolus oligotrophus : A new species from central Florida, with notes on Panaeolus pumilus and Crucispora rhombisperma
Mycologia – October 07, 2025
Summary
A new mushroom species, *Panaeolus oligotrophus*, was discovered in central Florida, advancing Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies. Thriving in rare oligonutritive sandy soil, its whole genome sequencing revealed a psilocybin gene cluster, indicating potential psilocybin production. The genus *Panaeolus* also gains *P. rhombispermus* (from *Crucispora rhombisperma*), with unique spore morphology. These two additions advance Botanical Research and Applications, enriching our understanding of Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases.
Abstract
Panaeolus oligotrophus sp. nov., a species macromorphologically resembling Panaeolus cinctulus, was collected in central Florida. Its macro- and mi...
Positionspapier zu Psychedelika assistierter Therapie von Abhängigkeitserkrankungen der Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Suchttherapie
SUCHT - Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis / Journal of Addiction Research and Practice – December 01, 2025
Summary
The Swiss Society of Addiction Medicine (SSAM) has taken a bold stance, supporting psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAT) as a viable treatment for addiction. This includes classic psychedelics like LSD and psilocybin, and ketamine, especially when conventional treatments prove inadequate. SSAM also champions an evidence-based debate on legalizing and regulating substances such as LSD, psilocybin, and MDMA in Switzerland. This covers both therapeutic and non-medical uses, aiming to minimize harm and provide access to safe, quality-controlled substances.
Abstract
Zusammenfassung: Hintergrund: Die Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Suchtmedizin (SSAM) setzt sich für die wissenschaftlich fundierte und patientenor...
Psychedelics and the Serotonin Hypothesis of Eating Disorders
Brain Sciences – August 21, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics like psilocybin offer a promising new avenue in clinical psychology for treating eating disorders such as bulimia nervosa and binge eating. This hallucinogen, influencing serotonergic neurotransmitter receptors, may enhance cognitive flexibility and neuroplasticity, addressing core psychopathology. Neuroscience and biochemical analysis suggest psilocybin's 5-HT2A receptor influence on behavior could provide psychological insight. Emerging psychedelics and drug studies highlight its potential, offering a distinct approach for psychotherapists in psychiatry to tackle entrenched cognition in these conditions. Preliminary evidence suggests improved symptoms and quality of life.
Abstract
Recent advances in psychedelic research have renewed interest in their therapeutic potential for psychiatric disorders characterized by cognitive a...
Exploring the first use of psychedelic macrodoses in Latin American adults: Sociodemographic profiles, consumption factors, and subjective experiences
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – November 20, 2025
Summary
When Latin Americans first try psychedelic macrodoses, 86.3% continue using them, often citing lack of opportunity as the only reason for not repeating. A survey of 4,810 adults found psilocybin mushrooms (57.6%) and LSD (33.3%) were most common, primarily for recreational (70.5%) or spiritual (21.6%) purposes. Most consumed with friends (65.7%). Psilocybin was linked to introspection, MDMA to empathy. This offers crucial insight into non-clinical psychedelic use, guiding public health and harm reduction efforts.
Abstract
Abstract This study explores the first-time use of psychedelic macrodoses among Latin American adults, addressing a gap in the literature regarding...
The promises and perils of psychedelic pharmacology for psychiatry
UNC Libraries – June 12, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic compounds like psilocybin, DMT, and LSD are revolutionizing medicine, with psilocybin notably demonstrating significant clinical effects in phase II trials for depression and anxiety after just one or two administrations. This rapid therapeutic potential has ignited a 'gold rush,' with nearly 60 companies now exploring psychedelics for various psychological conditions. Understanding the precise pharmacology of how these drugs interact with brain receptors, like 5-HT2A, is paramount. The aim in clinical pharmacology is to develop next-generation psychedelic-inspired medications, enhancing efficacy for mental health without hallucinogenic actions.
Abstract
Psychedelic drugs including psilocybin, N,Nʹ-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) are undergoing a renaissance as potentia...
Levels of Vision
OpenAlex – October 16, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin directly alters how the human brain processes visual information, specifically affecting the suppression of visual input. This offers causal evidence for neurotransmitter receptors' role in vision. Utilizing Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, a new Computer Vision model, based on a fundamental neural computation, was developed, outperforming previous approaches. Its algorithmic settings were linked to serotonin and GABA receptor density maps across the brain. Administering psilocybin systematically changed the model's suppression settings, providing new insights into ocular function and brain mechanisms.
Abstract
A goal of cognitive neuroscience is to provide accounts of brain functions in terms of information processing. Vision has long been used as a beach...
Psychedelics in the Treatment of Neurologic and Psychiatric Disorders: Coincidence or a New Point of View.
Molecular neurobiology – June 04, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics like psilocybin and LSD show remarkable potential in treating brain disorders through multiple healing mechanisms. These compounds reduce inflammation and oxidative stress while promoting brain plasticity, offering relief for both psychiatric and neurologic conditions. Early results suggest faster recovery and longer-lasting benefits compared to traditional medications.
Abstract
Neurological and psychiatric disorders are considered one of the major problems of today's societies and cause many individual and social problems....
Comparative Efficacy and Functional Outcomes of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapies in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Systematic Review of Recent Clinical Trials.
Cureus – April 01, 2025
Summary
Breakthrough findings show 70% of patients with hard-to-treat depression improved significantly with psychedelic-assisted therapy. Analysis of recent trials reveals both ketamine and psilocybin treatments led to rapid antidepressant response, with benefits lasting months. Depression scales showed marked improvement in mood, while cognitive effects remained stable or enhanced. This comprehensive review confirms these treatments are safe and effective for treatment-resistant depression.
Abstract
This systematic review explores the comparative efficacy and functional outcomes of psychedelic-assisted therapies in the management of treatment-r...
A protocol for a scoping review of variations among psychedelic interventions for psychological suffering associated with the end-of-life.
PloS one – January 01, 2025
Summary
As end-of-life care evolves, psychedelic therapies show promise in easing psychological distress among terminal patients. This protocol outlines plans to map various approaches, from psilocybin to ayahuasca, examining how different substances and therapeutic methods help those facing mortality. The review will analyze published data across major health databases to understand treatment variations and outcomes.
Abstract
Psychedelic substances are increasingly recognized for their therapeutic potential to ease psychological suffering linked to end-of-life issues. Ho...
Existing evidence for the use of psychedelics in patients with cancer and other serious illness: A narrative review.
Journal of psychosocial oncology – March 26, 2025
Summary
Psychedelic-assisted therapy shows remarkable promise in helping cancer patients and those with serious illness overcome depression and anxiety. Studies reveal that carefully administered psychedelics like psilocybin and LSD, combined with professional therapy, significantly reduced mood disorders and existential distress in oncology patients. The treatments proved both safe and effective, with lasting positive impacts on mental well-being and quality of life.
Abstract
Mood disorders and existential distress impact those with cancer or a serious illness at higher rates than the general population. There have been ...
Insights into therapeutic potential and practical applications of natural toxins from poisonous mushrooms
Human & Experimental Toxicology – March 11, 2025
Summary
Despite only a small fraction of approximately 14,000 known mushroom species being toxic, these fungi offer surprising therapeutic potential. Advances in Fungal Biology and Pharmacology show that compounds like psilocybin, beta-glucans, and lectins exhibit immune-modulating, anticancer, and neuroprotective properties. This understanding bridges toxicology with modern medicine, opening new avenues for drug studies. Such bioactive compounds, moving beyond traditional medicine, could revolutionize treatment, demonstrating the complex biology behind even toxic psychedelics.
Abstract
Introduction Mushrooms, belonging to the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, comprise approximately 14,000 known species, among which a small fract...
Licit use of illicit drugs for treating depression: the pill and the process.
The Journal of clinical investigation – June 17, 2024
Summary
Breakthrough treatments for depression may depend not just on the medication itself, but also on the therapeutic setting and support provided. Research shows that psychedelic medicines like psilocybin, MDMA, and ketamine work best when combined with professional psychological guidance. The patient's mindset and treatment environment significantly influence outcomes, suggesting these medications are most effective as part of a comprehensive therapeutic approach.
Abstract
Psilocybin, MDMA, and ketamine have emerged as potentially effective treatments for rapid amelioration of the symptoms of mood and related psychiat...
Narrative review of the potential for psychedelics to treat Prolonged Grief Disorder
International Review of Psychiatry – May 23, 2024
Summary
Up to 10% of bereaved individuals suffer Prolonged Grief Disorder, a severe form of complicated grief. While psychology and clinical psychology currently rely on psychotherapist-led interventions, psychedelics like psilocybin and the hallucinogen MDMA offer a promising new direction in psychiatry. Already effective in randomized controlled trials for depression and PTSD, these substances may uniquely alleviate the existential distress of grief. Initial drug studies suggest benefits for bereavement and mental health, making rigorous randomized controlled trials crucial to explore this potential.
Abstract
Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) is distinct from yet related to non-pathologic grief, depression, addiction, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTS...
Synergistic, multi-level understanding of psychedelics: three systematic reviews and meta-analyses of their pharmacology, neuroimaging and phenomenology.
Translational psychiatry – December 04, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics like LSD produce stronger visual experiences than psilocybin, while uniquely rewiring brain connectivity patterns. This comprehensive analysis reveals how these substances affect consciousness at multiple levels - from brain chemistry to subjective experience. Different psychedelics create distinct neural "fingerprints," though they share core mechanisms through serotonin receptors. The findings highlight how these compounds alter mental states through complex brain network changes.
Abstract
Serotonergic psychedelics induce altered states of consciousness and have shown potential for treating a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, inc...
Harnessing Pharmacogenomics in Clinical Research on Psychedelic‐Assisted Therapy
Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics – September 30, 2024
Summary
Genetic variations significantly influence how individuals respond to **psychedelics**, a critical insight for future **medicine**. **Pharmacogenomics** explores how our genes affect the **pharmacology**, specifically **pharmacokinetics** and **pharmacodynamics**, of **hallucinogens** like **Psilocybin** and **MDMA**. For instance, genetic variants in enzymes such as **CYP2D6** impact acute effects, suggesting personalized **dosing** may be appropriate. This field, crucial for **drug studies**, aims to improve the safety and therapeutic profile of these compounds, potentially leveraging **biochemical analysis** and understanding **chemical synthesis** for better patient outcomes.
Abstract
Psychedelics have recently re‐emerged as potential treatments for various psychiatric conditions that impose major public health costs and for whic...
Meditating on psychedelics. A randomized placebo-controlled study of DMT and harmine in a mindfulness retreat
Journal of Psychopharmacology – September 27, 2024
Summary
Meditators experienced profound shifts with a hallucinogen. Forty experienced meditators received either DMT-harmine, an active ingredient from Ayahuasca, or a placebo during a retreat. Those given the psychedelic reported greater mystical experiences and emotional breakthroughs. One month later, they rated their experience as significantly more meaningful and well-being-enhancing, informing clinical psychology. This suggests psychedelics, like psilocybin, can enhance mindfulness and meditation practices, a key area in drug studies and psychiatry, exploring the potential of chemical synthesis and alkaloids in complementary medicine.
Abstract
Background: In recent years, both meditation and psychedelics have attracted rapidly increasing scientific interest. While the current state of evi...