Research
Implementing psychedelic-assisted therapy: History and characteristics of the Swiss limited medical use program
Neuroscience Applied – January 01, 2025
Summary
Switzerland's unique program allows 723 patients with incurable diseases access to psychedelic therapy. Around 100 physicians provided approximately 1660 treatments in 2024 using MDMA (245 patients), psilocybin (348 patients), or LSD (130 patients). This medical approach, blending Psychology and Drug Studies, offers hope where conventional Medicine falls short, demonstrating a diverse academic application of chemical alkaloids.
Abstract
This article describes the Swiss limited access program for psychedelic/3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted therapy. The Swiss Federa...
Perioperative ketamine to reduce and prevent acute and chronic post-thoracotomy pain: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Journal of thoracic disease – December 31, 2024
Summary
Ketamine shows promise in preventing long-term pain after chest surgery. In a breakthrough finding, patients who received ketamine before thoracic surgery were three times less likely to develop chronic post-thoracotomy pain (CPTP) after 90 days. While it didn't reduce immediate post-surgery discomfort, ketamine significantly lowered the risk of developing persistent neuropathic pain, offering new hope for better surgical recovery.
Abstract
Moderate to severe postoperative pain is common among patients following thoracotomy and serves as a risk factor for developing chronic post-thorac...
Neuropsychological profiles of patients suffering from hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD): A comparative analysis with psychedelic-using and non-using controls
Scientific Reports – December 31, 2024
Summary
While psilocybin and other hallucinogens show promise in Psychiatry, a rare complication is Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD), characterized by lasting changes in Perception. A Neuropsychological assessment of eight individuals with HPPD, using a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery, revealed some below-average results in visual memory and executive function. These findings, from a Psychology study comparing HPPD patients to two control groups of eight subjects each, suggest subtle impacts on Cognition. This initial Neuropsychology insight is vital for Clinical Psychology and Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
Abstract Classic psychedelics like LSD and psilocybin are showing promising effects in treating certain psychiatric disorders. Despite their low to...
Informed Consent in Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy.
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences – December 31, 2024
Summary
As psychedelic therapy gains medical recognition, proper informed consent becomes crucial for patient safety. MDMA and psilocybin treatments show promising benefits for mental health, but require careful consideration of risks. Healthcare providers must clearly communicate potential outcomes, duration of effects, and integration support. This ensures patients make educated decisions about their treatment journey.
Abstract
Humans have long used classical serotonergic psychedelics, such as psilocybin, for a variety of purposes. Entactogens, such as methylenedioxymetham...
Phenomenology of Psychedelic Experiences and Psychedelic-Associated Distressing Effects: Quantifying Subjective Experiences.
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences – December 31, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics can induce profound alterations in consciousness, with 70% of users reporting experiences like hallucinations or ego dissolution. While the concept of "psychedelic phenomenology" encompasses these varied subjective experiences, there remains no consensus on defining a "psychedelic state." Notably, challenging experiences, often termed "bad trips," warrant attention for their therapeutic implications and risks. By refining quantitative assessments of both positive and distressing effects, it becomes possible to enhance beneficial outcomes while minimizing potential harm associated with psychedelic use.
Abstract
The range of phenomena that can be induced by psychedelic substances is broad and variable, including effects on perception, cognition, and emotion...
Determining influences of intraoperative s-ketamine on postoperative delirium and cognitive function: methodology is important.
Journal of cardiothoracic surgery – December 31, 2024
Summary
The use of ketamine during surgery may protect older patients' brain function, but measuring these effects requires precise methods. When monitoring post-surgery confusion and cognitive changes, multiple daily assessments and standardized tools are crucial. Recent findings about ketamine's benefits need stronger evidence through more rigorous testing protocols and clearer definitions of cognitive impairment.
Abstract
The letter to the editor was written in response to the recent article by Wang et al. "The influence of low-dose s-ketamine on postoperative deliri...
Smokable "Vine of the Dead": Two Case Studies of Experiencers of Both Changa and Near-Death Experiences
International Journal of Transpersonal Studies – December 31, 2024
Summary
Near-death experiences (NDEs) and changa, a psychedelic blend of N,N-DMT and MAOIs, share striking similarities. In two case studies, one individual reported 83% similarity between their NDE and changa experience, while the other noted 42%. Case SR, who experienced an NDE due to a misaligned vertebra, found that only 36% of changa features matched his NDE. Conversely, both individuals reflected on how their DMT-like experiences mirrored many aspects of NDEs, suggesting intriguing connections between neurochemistry and consciousness at the threshold of death.
Abstract
Introduction: Virtually no studies have looked at psychopharmacological combinations as models of the near-death experience (NDE), which is inadequ...
Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Comprehensive Insight of Ketamine Infusion Therapy, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), and Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy
Annals of Punjab Medical College – December 31, 2024
Summary
New hope emerges for treatment-resistant depression, with effective alternative therapies showing promise. A systematic review of 80 studies, comprising 55 clinical trials, 10 meta-analyses, and 10 systematic reviews, highlights significant clinical improvements from ketamine infusion therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy. Ketamine and psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, in particular, offer compelling advancements, providing substantial relief for patients who haven't responded to traditional treatments.
Abstract
Background: The phenomenon of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a problem in the sphere of mental health treatment since the majority of...
Deep learning models reveal the link between dynamic brain connectivity patterns and states of consciousness.
Scientific reports – December 30, 2024
Summary
A low-dimensional variational autoencoder (VAE) effectively models brain dynamics related to consciousness, outperforming probabilistic principal component analysis and sparse VAE in reconstructing dynamic functional connectivity (dFCs). In a sample of 100 participants, the VAE demonstrated balanced performance in classifying brain patterns. The analysis revealed how these latent representations stratify brain organization and experimental conditions. Additionally, by virtually inactivating specific brain areas, the model showcased its potential for summarizing consciousness-specific information, offering a promising avenue for developing diagnostic tools for disorders of consciousness.
Abstract
Decoding states of consciousness from brain activity is a central challenge in neuroscience. Dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) allows the study...
Repeated low doses of psilocybin reduces perceived symptom severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder, but fails to restore cognitive flexibility: A case study of identical twins
OpenAlex – December 30, 2024
Summary
Low-dose psilocybin shows promise for Obsessive compulsive disorder symptoms, even without psychedelic effects. A case involving identical twins (N=2) revealed the affected twin experienced a notable reduction in OCD symptomatology and improved emotional well-being after self-administering psilocybin. However, despite these improvements in behavior, deficits in cognitive flexibility persisted compared to the unaffected twin. This suggests that while psilocybin may alleviate certain aspects of clinical psychology, it might not fully address underlying cognition impairments. This area of Psychedelics and Drug Studies warrants further investigation.
Abstract
Background: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) presents significant challenges to individuals mental health, characterized by intrusive thoughts a...
Exploring Psychedelics Pharmacology: A Scoping Review Charting the Course of Psilocybin Pharmacokinetics
Clinical Neuropharmacology – December 30, 2024
Summary
Oral psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, shows a strong dose-dependent effect on its maximum concentration (Cmax) in the body (R^2 = 0.95). A review of five controlled drug studies, involving 112 healthy volunteers, mapped the pharmacokinetics of this psychedelic medicine. Peak psilocin levels (Cmax) reached 8.2 to 37.2 ng/mL within two hours, with no serious adverse effects. This pharmacology data, including confidence interval insights, is crucial for future medicine applications. This forensic toxicology insight is vital for understanding chemical synthesis and alkaloids.
Abstract
Objectives This scoping review aimed to synthesize the existing data about psilocybin pharmacokinetics to learn what has been described regarding b...
Unraveling the organellar genomic landscape of the therapeutic and entheogenic plant Mimosa tenuiflora: insights into genetic, structural, and evolutionary dynamics.
Functional & integrative genomics – December 30, 2024
Summary
Sacred tree Mimosa tenuiflora, used in traditional ethnobotany, contains DMT and holds therapeutic promise. New genomic analysis reveals complex DNA arrangements in its cellular powerhouses and energy-producing structures. Comparative genomics shows unique genetic patterns, helping explain its evolution within the Fabaceae family tree and its medicinal properties.
Abstract
Mimosa tenuiflora, popularly known as "Jurema-Preta", is a perennial tree or shrub native to the tropical regions of the Americas, particularly amo...
Application of a nucleophilic substitution rection for spectrofluorimetric quantification of ketamine in pharmaceutical and plasma matrices.
Scientific reports – December 30, 2024
Summary
Scientists have developed a breakthrough eco-friendly method to detect ketamine, also known as "Super K" - a medication that's increasingly misused as a date-rape drug. This new testing approach uses fluorescent technology to identify even tiny amounts of ketamine in blood and medicine samples. The method is remarkably accurate, environmentally safe, and can detect concentrations as low as 2.37 ng/mL.
Abstract
Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic drug that is abused by teenagers and young adults, commonly for recreational purposes in dance clubs, to gene...
DMT micro-phenomenology
PsyArXiv – December 29, 2024
Summary
The powerful psychedelic compound DMT creates remarkably consistent experiences across different users, featuring vivid geometric patterns and encounters with seemingly autonomous entities. New research maps these experiences in unprecedented detail, analyzing firsthand accounts from participants to identify common elements and progression patterns. Results reveal a structured sequence of perceptual shifts, from initial geometric visuals to profound alterations in space-time perception and consciousness. These findings help illuminate how psychedelics affect human consciousness and perception.
Abstract
DMT micro-phenomenology
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of an innovative psychedelic N,N-dimethyltryptamine/harmine formulation in healthy participants: a randomized controlled trial.
The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology – December 28, 2024
Summary
A groundbreaking formulation combines N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and harmine in precise doses, showing promising results without the harsh side effects of traditional psychedelics. The controlled trial revealed predictable pharmacokinetics and gentle pharmacodynamics, with therapeutic effects lasting 2-3 hours. This safer, more refined approach could revolutionize mental health treatments.
Abstract
Recent interest in the clinical use of psychedelics has highlighted plant-derived medicines like ayahuasca showing rapid-acting and sustainable the...
Paradoxical Depressive Response to Intranasal Esketamine in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Case Series.
The American journal of case reports – December 28, 2024
Summary
While esketamine typically helps severe depression, two patients showed an unexpected reverse effect. After initial improvement, their depression and suicidal thoughts worsened while using the nasal spray medication. Remarkably, both patients improved after stopping treatment, suggesting that careful monitoring is crucial when using this newer antidepressant, even in cases where it initially shows promise.
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esketamine is the only pharmacological agent with glutamatergic neuromodulator properties approved by the US Food and Drug Administratio...
High-quality draft genomes of ecologically and geographically diverse Psilocybe species
Microbiology Resource Announcements – December 27, 2024
Summary
Unlocking the secrets of Psilocybin, new genomic insights reveal how these psychedelic compounds are produced. Five Psilocybe mushroom genomes, including *P. semilanceata* and *P. azurescens*, were sequenced, providing unprecedented detail into fungal Biology. This advances Psychedelics and Drug Studies by pinpointing the gene cluster responsible for psilocybin's Chemical synthesis and alkaloids. Understanding these genetics also clarifies taxonomic relationships, hinting at potential connections with Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions in their ecosystems.
Abstract
ABSTRACT Psilocybe is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi with ecological, ethnomycological, and clinical importance due to psilocybin production by ...
Exploring the neurobiological correlates of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in eating disorders: a review of potential methodologies and implications for the psychedelic study design
Journal of Eating Disorders – December 27, 2024
Summary
Standard psychological interventions fail one-third of individuals with eating disorders, affecting 1-3% of the population. However, psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, guided by a psychotherapist, shows promise for these severe mental health conditions like anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. To advance clinical psychology, understanding how this hallucinogen impacts cognition and behavior is crucial. Neuroimaging and other psychedelics and drug studies are vital for conceptualizing the neurobiological mechanisms, informing future psychiatry and psychological intervention development.
Abstract
Eating disorders (EDs) are a group of debilitating mental illnesses characterized by maladaptive eating behaviors and severe cognitive-emotional dy...
Merits and demerits of administering esketamine in preventing postpartum depression following cesarean section.
World journal of clinical cases – December 26, 2024
Summary
Rapid-acting esketamine shows promise in preventing postpartum depression for mothers undergoing cesarean section. By targeting the medial prefrontal cortex, this innovative treatment reduced depression rates by 60% compared to standard care. While some patients experienced mild adverse events like dizziness, the benefits outweighed risks for most new mothers.
Abstract
Emergency cesarean section is associated with the development of postpartum depression. Esketamine has been demonstrated to have a rapid onset of a...
Concurrent stress modulates the acute and post-acute effects of psilocybin in a sex-dependent manner
Neuropharmacology – December 24, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, affects males and females differently, a crucial insight for Psychiatry and Medicine. In C57BL/6J mice, psilocybin increased head-twitch responses more significantly in females. This pharmacology also revealed that acute stress entirely blocked psilocybin's anxiety-reducing effects in males, yet only partially in females. Neuroscience indicates both stress and psilocybin independently raised corticosterone levels. These Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlight how the psychological experience, beyond chemical synthesis, profoundly shapes psilocybin's mood-altering actions, vital for therapeutic use.
Abstract
There is renewed interest in psychedelics, such as psilocybin, as therapies for multiple difficult-to-treat psychiatric disorders. Even though psyc...
Preferences, Perceptions, and Environmental Considerations of Natural and Synthetic Psychedelic Substances: Findings from the Global Psychedelic Survey
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – December 24, 2024
Summary
Despite a strong preference for natural psychedelics, 67.7% of consumers would switch to synthetic alternatives to combat environmental overexploitation. An international survey of 6,379 individuals revealed 75% preferred natural psilocybin, and 56% preferred natural mescaline. This preference, rooted in the psychology of perception, often stems from a belief (50.8%) that natural origins impact psychological effects. These insights from drug studies highlight social psychology's role in balancing preference with sustainability.
Abstract
Although several studies have well described the characteristics of people who use psychedelics alongside their motivations and beliefs, little res...
Depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, suicidal ideation and ketamine: a case report.
Journal of medical case reports – December 24, 2024
Summary
Ketamine therapy shows promising results for treating severe depression and PTSD, as revealed in a compelling case report of two patients who found relief after years of unsuccessful treatments. Both individuals experienced significant improvement following ketamine infusions, with electroencephalogram monitoring showing positive brain changes. Their symptoms of major depressive disorder and trauma decreased substantially, lasting several months after treatment.
Abstract
Ketamine treatment presents a novel approach for addressing refractory conditions, such as major depressive disorder, suicidal ideation, and posttr...
Brain dynamics of classical psychedelics show paradoxical hierarchical flattening with increased complexity
OpenAlex – December 22, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics uniquely flatten the brain's functional hierarchy, a crucial insight for Neuroscience and Psychology. Unlike reduced consciousness, three serotonergic psychedelics—psilocybin, LSD, and DMT—were found to shift the brain towards thermodynamic equilibrium while increasing neural activity complexity. This discovery, vital for Cognitive science and Cognitive psychology, and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, suggests a distinct mechanism. It shows how brain network functional diversity changes, offering new perspectives for Mental Health Research Topics, informed by Biophysics and Computer science. This work refines our understanding of consciousness.
Abstract
Despite divergent behavioral and phenomenological profiles, both psychedelic states and reduced states of consciousness have been associated with a...
Ketamine Reduces Avoidance Responses During Re-Exposition to Aversive Stimulus: Comparison Between (S)-Isomer and Racemic Mixture.
Brain sciences – December 22, 2024
Summary
Ketamine, a promising treatment for mental health conditions, shows remarkable potential in reducing fear-based avoidance behaviors. In mouse studies, both standard ketamine and its S-isomer form effectively decreased depression symptoms and helped animals cope better with stressful situations. The standard mixture proved particularly powerful, reducing anxiety and limiting avoidance responses to unpleasant stimuli, suggesting broader therapeutic benefits for treating anxiety and depression.
Abstract
Recent studies have investigated the effects of ketamine on fear memory in animals. However, it is unclear if ketamine might affect avoidance memor...
ALSUntangled #77: Psilocybin
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration – December 22, 2024
Summary
Despite psilocybin, a naturally derived hallucinogen and alkaloid, showing plausible neurological mechanisms influencing neurogenesis and inflammation, zero pre-clinical models, case reports, or trials currently support its use in medicine for ALS. While its action on neurotransmitter receptors could influence behavior, significant psychological side effects, including hallucinations, pose high risks. Given this, and its historical context in drug studies, psilocybin isn't currently supported for ALS therapy, even with potential psychiatric or psychotherapist guidance.
Abstract
ALSUntangled reviews alternate and off-label treatments prompted by patient interest. Here, we review psilocybin, a chemical derived from mushrooms...
Characterizing psilocybin as an antidepressant for adolescence in male and female rats
OpenAlex – December 22, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, showed rapid antidepressant-like effects in adolescent Sprague-Dawley rats within 30 minutes, a crucial finding for mental health research. This pharmacology insight into psychedelics revealed an acute dosing benefited both sexes. However, repeated administration highlighted physiological sex differences: male rats sustained effects for up to 15 days, while females saw benefits for up to 8 days with higher doses. This suggests future medicine and psychiatry approaches to depression, considering neurotransmitter receptor influence, must tailor dosing strategies based on psychology and internal medicine for optimal patient care.
Abstract
Abstract Adolescent depression is a significant public health concern, yet treatment options remain limited, particularly due to age- and sex-relat...
A randomized, controlled trial study of the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction program on depression and physical problems in depressed elderly individuals.
Journal of health psychology – December 21, 2024
Summary
Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) significantly decreased depression levels in elderly individuals. In a randomized controlled trial involving 60 participants aged over 60, those who completed an 8-week MBSR program experienced notable improvements in their mental health. Specifically, the experimental group showed a marked reduction in depression symptoms, as measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Physical Problems Scale Inventory. This evidence suggests that MBSR can be an effective intervention for enhancing the well-being of depressed elderly individuals, making it a valuable tool for caregivers and psychologists.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program on depression and physical problems...
Mindfulness: Future Pathways and Cross-Fertilizations through Cultural Psychology.
Integrative psychological & behavioral science – December 21, 2024
Summary
Mindfulness can lead to profound personal transformation, akin to a volcanic eruption that reshapes psychological needs. Integrating Maslow's hierarchy, this perspective emphasizes the importance of self-actualization and self-transcendence through meditation. With insights from various sources, including a commentary featuring 58 articles, the focus shifts towards personalizing mindfulness practices within diverse social and cultural contexts. This holistic approach advocates for adapting traditional frameworks to meet contemporary human needs, fostering deeper connections with oneself and the environment while exploring the spiritual dimensions of Daoism and semiotic resources.
Abstract
This commentary outlines a novel agenda for future mindfulness research, building on various authors' insights, particularly Indius (Indius, S. (20...
Inhibitory effect of low-dose esketamine on cough induced by sufentanil during the induction of anesthesia and postoperative impact on mental health status: a prospective, single-center, randomized controlled trial.
BMC anesthesiology – December 21, 2024
Summary
A common side effect of anesthesia medication can trigger dangerous coughing fits, but a breakthrough solution shows promise. Low-dose esketamine pretreatment significantly reduced coughing caused by sufentanil during general anesthesia induction, cutting incident rates nearly in half. The treatment maintained stable vital signs and had no negative impact on mental function or recovery time.
Abstract
Intravenous administration of sufentanil during anesthesia induction induces cough (SIC), sometimes triggers a severe reaction. We wanted to invest...
Rapid Antidepressant and Antisuicidal Effects of Low-Dose Ketamine Infusion in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression With or Without Low-Grade Inflammation.
Pharmacopsychiatry – December 20, 2024
Summary
A single low-dose ketamine infusion can rapidly lift depression symptoms, particularly in patients without inflammation markers in their blood. This treatment shows promise for those who haven't responded to traditional antidepressants, with notable improvements in both mood and suicidal thoughts. The medication proved especially effective in patients with normal inflammation levels, while those with elevated inflammation showed mixed results.
Abstract
Low-grade inflammation (LGI) contributes to resistance against traditional antidepressants. However, whether the antidepressant and antisuicidal ef...
Psychedelic Nation? (De)Provincializing the Psychedelic Renaissance from Brazil
Science Technology & Human Values – December 20, 2024
Summary
Brazil stands out in the global psychedelic renaissance, with 80% of its research publicly funded through universities. The country's innovative approach is rooted in strong traditions of social medicine and harm reduction, fostering collaboration between ayahuasca churches and clinical laboratories. This unique paradigm challenges the prevailing neoliberal mindset by demonstrating that a shared, publicly funded psychedelic research commons is achievable. Despite financial constraints, Brazil's commitment to community-oriented research exemplifies how Latin America can contribute significantly to the field of psychedelic science.
Abstract
Research into the therapeutic potential of psychedelic substances has garnered spectacular international attention. Most of this focuses on researc...
Monitoring the dynamics of ketamine analogues use in China through wastewater analysis: The emergence of 2-FDCNEK and 2-MDCK.
The Science of the total environment – December 20, 2024
Summary
Scientists discovered emerging ketamine analogues in wastewater across 21 Chinese cities, revealing shifting patterns in drug use. Through innovative wastewater analysis, researchers tracked these new psychoactive substances, finding that while some variants quickly disappeared, others showed concerning persistence. The study identified 2-FDCNEK as the most prevalent analogue, while older variants declined following regulation.
Abstract
Ketamine analogues are rapidly emerging around the world and are considered one of the new psychoactive substances (NPS) of greatest concern. Howev...
Can psychedelics improve well-being in autism?
Science (New York, N.Y.) – December 20, 2024
Summary
Emerging evidence suggests psychedelic therapies may help reduce anxiety and enhance social connection in autistic adults. Clinical trials with MDMA and psilocybin show promising results for emotional processing and sensory integration, while reducing social anxiety. However, careful screening and support remain essential due to unique sensory sensitivities and processing differences.
Abstract
A brace of new studies probes benefits and risks for an understudied group.
Beyond NMDA Receptors: A Narrative Review of Ketamine's Rapid and Multifaceted Mechanisms in Depression Treatment.
International journal of molecular sciences – December 20, 2024
Summary
Ketamine, once known only as an anesthetic, can lift severe depression symptoms within hours. This rapid-acting antidepressant works differently from traditional medications, targeting multiple brain systems simultaneously. As an NMDA antagonist, it triggers increased BDNF production, promoting neuroplasticity and new brain connections. It also rebalances triple network dysfunction and interacts with the opioid system, helping restore healthy brain function.
Abstract
The rising prevalence of depression, with its associated suicide risk, demands effective fast-acting treatments. Ketamine has emerged as promising,...
Classic psychedelics and the treatment for alcoholism.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry – December 20, 2024
Summary
A single dose of classic psychedelics can significantly reduce alcohol dependence, offering hope for those struggling with alcohol use disorder. These substances work by rewiring neural pathways in the brain, helping patients break free from destructive drinking patterns. Clinical trials show remarkable success rates, with many participants maintaining sobriety after treatment. Unlike conventional therapies, psychedelic-assisted treatment appears to address the root causes of dependence, rather than just managing symptoms.
Abstract
Alcohol is a harmful drug, and reducing its consumption is a significant challenge for users. Furthermore, alcohol dependence is often treatment-re...
Cognitive changes in patients with unipolar TRD treated with IV ketamine: A systematic review.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry – December 20, 2024
Summary
Intravenous ketamine shows promising cognitive benefits for people with treatment-resistant depression. Studies reveal improvements in memory, thinking speed, and mental processing after treatment. This breakthrough offers hope for patients who haven't responded to traditional antidepressants, potentially enhancing both mood and cognitive function. The treatment particularly helps with attention, working memory, and emotional processing.
Abstract
Unipolar treatment-resistant depression (MDD-TRD) is associated with neurocognitive impairment. Ketamine, an emerging treatment for MDD-TRD, may ha...
Acute dose-dependent effects and self-guided titration of continuous N,N-dimethyltryptamine infusions in a double-blind placebo-controlled study in healthy participants
Neuropsychopharmacology – December 19, 2024
Summary
Continuous intravenous infusions of the psychedelic DMT offer more controlled effects than bolus dosing. A randomized controlled trial with a crossover design involving 22 healthy participants revealed dose-proportional pharmacokinetics. While 1.8 mg/min achieved a ceiling for "good drug effect," higher dosing at 2.4 mg/min led to greater anxious ego dissolution and significant anxiety compared to placebo. Participants in a self-administration session opted for effects similar to 1.8 mg/min, demonstrating how this medicine's adverse effects and subjective experiences can be rapidly adjusted. This pharmacology insight aids future drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract N,N -dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a serotonergic psychedelic that is known for its short-lasting effects when administered intravenously. S...
Psychedelic Therapeutics for Adolescents: Ethics, Safety, Opportunities, and Equipoise.
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry – December 19, 2024
Summary
As mental health challenges surge among young people, medical experts are carefully examining the potential of psychedelic therapy for adolescents. New research suggests that supervised therapeutic use of certain psychedelics may help teens with severe mental health conditions when traditional treatments fail. The focus is on establishing strict safety protocols and ethical guidelines while recognizing that some teens already seek out these substances. Clinicians emphasize the need for age-appropriate frameworks that balance therapeutic potential with developmental considerations.
Abstract
We read with great interest the commentary by Jeffrey et al. entitled "Clinical Research Trials of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in Adolescents Aged...
Psychedelic Therapeutics for Adolescents: Ethics, Safety, Opportunities, and Equipoise-Authors' Reply.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry – December 19, 2024
Summary
Could psychedelic therapies offer new hope for youth mental health? A careful examination suggests that, with rigorous ethical oversight and robust safety protocols, these interventions hold promising opportunities for adolescents. The approach underscores 'equipoise'—the ethical justification for trials due to genuine treatment uncertainty—as key. This perspective affirms that, despite complexities, a balanced strategy can unlock significant positive outcomes for young people facing challenging conditions, when administered responsibly.
Abstract
Psychedelic Therapeutics for Adolescents: Ethics, Safety, Opportunities, and Equipoise-Authors' Reply.
Effects of psychedelics on neurogenesis and broader neuroplasticity: a systematic review.
Mol Med – December 19, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics like psilocybin and LSD don't just alter consciousness - they actually help the brain form new neural connections. A comprehensive analysis of multiple studies reveals these substances promote the growth of new brain cells and enhance the brain's ability to rewire itself, particularly in regions linked to mood and memory. This could explain their emerging potential in treating depression and PTSD.
Abstract
Effects of psychedelics on neurogenesis and broader neuroplasticity: a systematic review.
The Australia story: Current status and future challenges for the clinical applications of psychedelics
British Journal of Pharmacology – December 19, 2024
Summary
Australia has pioneered a new era in mental health medicine, approving psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression and MDMA for PTSD from July 1, 2023. This landmark decision follows extensive psychedelic drug studies, revealing these compounds' potential. Authorized psychiatrists can now prescribe these substances, offering alternative medicine for millions facing unmet mental health needs. Psilocybin, a hallucinogen, and MDMA represent a shift in psychiatry, reflecting diverse academic research themes, including insights from chemical synthesis and alkaloids. This move could influence global approaches to depression and other conditions.
Abstract
Abstract The past decade has seen a huge increase in clinical research with psychedelic drugs and 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), which h...
A Rapid Review of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in the Context of Palliative Care
Journal of Hospice and Palliative Nursing – December 19, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic-assisted therapy shows initial promise for addressing profound psycho-spiritual-existential distress in palliative care. A review of 34 articles (2021-2024) highlights the safety and efficacy of these medicines, predominantly psilocybin. Administered by a psychotherapist, this novel approach in medicine integrates principles of psychology, drawing from drug studies. These compounds, often naturally occurring alkaloids, echo a deep human history of plant-based exploration—a context studied by archaeology—offering a potent complementary therapy.
Abstract
Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) involves supported experiences with psychedelic medicines in carefully curated environments. Early evidence sugg...
Rationale and design of a large trial of perioperative ketamine for prevention of chronic post-surgical pain.
Trials – December 19, 2024
Summary
Chronic pain after surgery affects millions, but a promising solution may lie in ketamine - a powerful anesthetic. This groundbreaking trial across 36 hospitals tests whether giving ketamine during surgery can prevent long-term pain complications. Nearly 5,000 patients undergoing major surgeries will receive either ketamine or placebo, with pain levels tracked for up to a year. The study aims to definitively show if this common anesthetic could revolutionize post-surgical recovery.
Abstract
Chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP) is recognised as one of the most common and debilitating complications of major surgery. Progression from acute t...
Synthesizing Attachment Theory with the REBUS Model
The Oxford Handbook of Psychedelic, Religious, Spiritual, and Mystical Experiences – December 18, 2024
Summary
Our early relationships shape deep-seated mental models that influence how we connect with the world. A new perspective proposes that psychedelic experiences, by inducing a highly flexible brain state, can profoundly revise these models. This framework suggests that with supportive relational experiences, individuals can achieve greater emotional security and psychological transformation. It posits that personal attachment styles predict how people experience psychedelics and that successful psychedelic therapy can enhance feelings of security and connectedness, alleviating anxieties. This synthesis offers a powerful way to understand how these therapies foster positive change.
Abstract
Abstract In this chapter, the authors synthesize the relational developmental perspective of attachment theory with a neuroscientific model: the RE...
Alleviating role of ketamine in breast cancer cell-induced osteoclastogenesis and tumor bone metastasis-induced bone cancer pain through an SRC/EGR1/CST6 axis.
BMC cancer – December 18, 2024
Summary
Ketamine, commonly known as an anesthetic, shows promising potential in fighting breast cancer's spread to bones and reducing associated pain. The medication works by suppressing a specific protein (SRC) that normally helps cancer cells thrive and spread. By blocking SRC, ketamine activates two protective factors (EGR1 and CST6) that help prevent bone metastasis and reduce bone cancer pain. Lab tests showed ketamine effectively decreased cancer cell growth and spread while alleviating pain in test subjects.
Abstract
The analgesic effect of ketamine in cancer pain remains controversial. This research investigates the role of ketamine in bone metastasis-induced c...
Treatment Advances in Perinatal Depression: Innovations and Promising Approaches.
Journal of clinical medicine – December 18, 2024
Summary
New treatments offer hope for depression during pregnancy and after birth. Beyond traditional antidepressants, promising options include vitamin D supplements, acupuncture, and infant massage. Two breakthrough medications, brexanolone and esketamine, show rapid results. Non-invasive approaches like rTMS are proving effective, especially when combined with standard care.
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Psychotherapy and antidepressants are the standard treatment for depression during pregnancy or postpartum. However, several...
Serotonin 1A Receptors Modulate Serotonin 2A Receptor-Mediated Behavioral Effects of 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine Analogs in Mice.
ACS chemical neuroscience – December 18, 2024
Summary
New research reveals how brain receptors interact to regulate psychedelic effects. Scientists found that two key serotonin receptors (5-HT1A and 5-HT2A) work together to control behavioral responses to tryptamine compounds like 5-MeO-DMT in mice. When one receptor type was blocked, the other's effects became stronger, showing how the brain maintains balance during psychedelic experiences.
Abstract
5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltrytpamine (5-MeO-DMT) analogs are used as recreational drugs, but they are also being developed as potential medicines, warr...
Diminished functional gradient of the precuneus during altered states of consciousness
bioRxiv – December 17, 2024
Summary
During sleep, meditation, and psychedelic experiences, a key brain region called the precuneus shows reduced activity patterns. Scientists discovered this by analyzing brain scans of people in various conscious states. The findings reveal how this brain area, vital for self-awareness, becomes less organized during altered consciousness, helping explain why our sense of self changes during these experiences.
Abstract
Diminished functional gradient of the precuneus during altered states of consciousness
Psilocybin causes sex, time, and dose dependent alterations in brain signaling pathways
OpenAlex – December 17, 2024
Summary
Low-dose psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, exhibits molecular effects in the brain that can outlast high doses, persisting for at least seven days. This Neuroscience and Pharmacology insight from Drug Studies in mice reveals how this psychedelic alkaloid influences behavior. Females showed more rapid and robust transcriptional changes than males at 8 and 24 hours, responding strongly to both 0.25 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg doses. Such findings are crucial for Medicine and Psychology, informing future psilocybin treatment strategies and understanding its Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on mental health conditions.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin is a psychedelic tryptamine that has emerged as a potential candidate for the treatment of a variety of conditions, including t...
Effect of Low-dose Ketamine on Inflammatory Markers, Perioperative Analgesia, and Chronic Pain in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Comparative Study.
Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation – December 16, 2024
Summary
Low-dose ketamine shows promise in reducing both short-term pain and long-term chronic pain after hernia surgery. This medication decreased inflammatory markers in the blood and cut down the need for traditional pain medications. Patients receiving ketamine had lower inflammation levels and better pain control, with fewer cases of persistent pain three months after surgery.
Abstract
The neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are indicators of postoperative inflammatory response. Low-dose ketamine ...