5439 results for "Psychedelics"
Psilocybin's Emerging Role in Combating Depressive Disorder
Journal of Education Health and Sport – August 08, 2023
Summary
A compelling finding in Mental Health Research Topics: Psilocybin, a naturally synthesized hallucinogen, shows remarkable promise for treating persistent depression and anxiety. Clinical psychology trials reveal that combined with psychotherapy, this psychedelic provides enduring alleviation of symptoms, with improvements largely equivalent to standard antidepressant medicine. Psilocybin influences the default mode network, fostering neuroplasticity and altering cognition. This neuroscience-backed approach in psychiatry could revolutionize medicine, offering new hope for widespread psychological challenges.
Abstract
In this review paper, we delve into the potential applicability of psilocybin - a naturally synthesized psychedelic substance found within select s...
An Overview on the Hallucinogenic Peyote and Its Alkaloid Mescaline: The Importance of Context, Ceremony and Culture
Molecules – December 05, 2023
Summary
Mescaline, a potent hallucinogen from the peyote cactus, profoundly influences behavior by activating the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor, triggering Ca2+ release. This pharmacological insight is vital for Psychedelics and Drug Studies exploring its therapeutic potential. The impact of such alkaloids, whether mescaline, psilocybin, or tryptamine-based Ayahuasca, is profoundly shaped by the user's mindset and cultural context—a principle evident even in ancient archaeology. Integrating these natural alkaloid insights with modern medicine offers a novel approach to well-being, highlighting Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior.
Abstract
Peyote (Lophophora williamsii) is a cactus that contains various biologically active alkaloids—such as pellotine, anhalonidine, hordenine and mesca...
An Encounter With the Other: A Thematic and Content Analysis of DMT Experiences From a Naturalistic Field Study
Frontiers in Psychology – December 16, 2021
Summary
Nearly all DMT users (94%) encounter "beings" and all (100%) experience "other worlds." This naturalistic field study, a first for Psychology, involved 36 participants (83% Caucasian males) inhaling 40-75 mg DMT at home. Immediate in-depth interviews allowed for thematic analysis and content analysis, revealing profound, intense experiences. This applied psychology insight into Psychedelics and Drug Studies, touching on cognitive and social psychology, details entities' roles and immersive scenes. Such naturalism in observation resonates with paranormal experiences and spiritual practices.
Abstract
Introduction: N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is an endogenous serotonergic psychedelic capable of producing radical shifts in conscious experience. I...
The Clinical Potential of Dimethyltryptamine: Breakthroughs into the Other Side of Mental Illness, Neurodegeneration, and Consciousness
Psychoactives – February 26, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics like N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) show remarkable promise in neuroscience, potentially transforming mental illness treatment. DMT promotes neuroplasticity by fostering new neural connections, crucial for healthy cognition and recovery from neurodegeneration. Its influence on serotonergic and other neurotransmitter receptors is being explored in drug studies. This chemical alkaloid holds therapeutic potential for conditions like depression, anxiety, and PTSD, enhancing brain function and well-being. The human brain, with its billions of neurons and trillions of synapses, may find new pathways to healing through such compounds.
Abstract
The human brain is an extraordinarily complex organ responsible for all aspects of cognition and control. Billions of neurons form connections with...
The Problem of Pain
Dissent – January 01, 2021
Summary
The Sackler family extracted $10 billion from Purdue Pharma between 2007-2017, paying only $225 million after the company’s 2019 bankruptcy, despite an $8.3 billion penalty. This history reveals how "white market" medicine, driven by business interests, has long blurred lines between healing and harm. Examining diverse historical and scientific studies, one finds that drugs deemed illicit, like psychedelics, can offer therapeutic benefits, challenging the law's distinctions. Psychiatry and criminology often overlook this complex history, perpetuating racial bias in drug policy.
Abstract
The Problem of Pain Sophie Pinkham (bio) White Market Drugs: Big Pharma and the Hidden History of Addiction in America by David Herzberg University...
Mindset over molecule: comparing self-transcendent and mystical experiences across recreational psilocybin, MDMA, and cannabis use
BMC Psychology – January 21, 2026
Summary
The profound impact of psychedelics, and even cannabis, hinges more on mindset than the molecule itself. Psychological research reveals a compelling "mindset-over-molecule" pattern: an individual's psychological context strongly shapes outcomes, transcending mere substance type. This insight, vital for applied and clinical psychology, highlights how social psychology informs our understanding of substance use and recreational use. Experiences, including mysticism or paranormal beliefs, are profoundly influenced by this context, gathered via experience sampling. Much like an archaeological site's significance, setting is paramount. A psychotherapist's guidance, not forensic toxicology, is key.
Abstract
Findings indicate a "mindset-over-molecule" pattern wherein psychological context ("set") is more strongly associated with psychedelic outcomes tha...
Apophenia, absorption and anxiety: Evidence for individual differences in positive and negative experiences of Hallucinogen Persisting Perceptual Disorder
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – August 08, 2022
Summary
A compelling finding in Psychology reveals distinct personality profiles among individuals experiencing persistent visual symptoms after hallucinogen use. Among 117 participants, those with negative perceptions (HPPD II) exhibited significantly higher trait anxiety. Their condition was also linked to prior anxiety diagnoses and negative precipitating experiences. Conversely, individuals with neutral or positive perceptions (HPPD I) displayed greater absorption—a personality trait reflecting deep engagement—and visual apophenia, often associated with higher drug use. This work in Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlights how individual differences in personality and anxiety shape the perception of persistent visual changes.
Abstract
Abstract Background and Aims Little is known about individual differences in Hallucinogen Persisting Perceptual Disorder (HPPD). This study investi...
Prefrontal Electrophysiological Biomarkers and Mechanism-Based Drug Effects in a Rat Model of Alcohol Addiction
OpenAlex – February 22, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics show compelling promise for alcohol use disorder treatment. Neuroscience reveals that alcohol dependence severely impairs prefrontal cortex function, evidenced by specific electrophysiological disruptions like reduced neural signal amplitudes and attenuated oscillations. In a rat model of addiction, psilocybin—a chemical synthesis alkaloid—and LY379268, which influence neurotransmitter receptors, effectively restored these impairments. Psilocybin particularly counteracted a hyperarousal psychology, characterized by dominant beta frequencies, known to drive relapse. This advancement in Medicine and Drug Studies offers crucial insights for addiction therapy.
Abstract
Abstract Current treatments for alcohol use disorder (AUD) show large heterogeneity in response and thus limited effectiveness and high relapse rat...
Higher Consciousness
Science Translational Medicine – February 22, 2012
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, profoundly alters consciousness by uncoupling key brain activity, offering a compelling new direction for Medicine. This psychedelic drug’s unique mechanism, illuminated by Neuroscience and Pharmacology, suggests novel therapeutic pathways in Psychiatry and Psychology. Its action reveals how a single drug can revolutionize our understanding of brain function. Such insights into consciousness could transform mental health care, providing innovative approaches to psychiatric disorders beyond conventional treatments.
Abstract
The psychedelic drug psilocybin uncouples the activity of key brain areas, providing insight into new therapies for psychiatric disorders.
Ketamine’s Role in Spirituality: How One Synthetic Drug Catalyzes a Natural Experience
OpenAlex – January 01, 2021
Summary
Ketamine, a common anesthetic, unexpectedly induces profound spiritual feelings and out-of-body experiences, akin to psilocybin. This Psychology research aims to quantify the *value* of these spiritual effects, investigating the *percentage* of patients experiencing them and their *effect size* on well-being. Psychotherapists often avoid discussing such experiences. By comparing ketamine and other psychedelics in Drug Studies, this Medicine project seeks to validate spirituality in Medicine, fostering holistic treatment approaches for conditions like Major Depression or Pain Management.
Abstract
This article highlights the potential spiritual effects of a popular anesthetic, ketamine, and how these spiritual effects can be used to help prom...
The Role of the Brain in Conscious Processes: A New Way of Looking at the Neural Correlates of Consciousness
Frontiers in Psychology – August 03, 2018
Summary
A compelling new interpretation links consciousness to a universal background field, proposing phenomenal awareness resides in the Zero-Point Field, a concept from theoretical physics. Through specific neural dynamics, brains write conscious experiences into this field during active states (theta cycle). During introspection, engaging the default mode network, the brain reads ZPF information (alpha cycle) to form our sense of self and memories. Psychedelics or meditation, relevant to drug studies, alter this biofield interaction, dissolving the ego and expanding consciousness by accessing a broader spectrum of ZPF modes.
Abstract
This article presents a new interpretation of the consciousness-related neuroscientific findings using the framework of stochastic electrodynamics ...
A Narrative Review of Current and Emerging Trends in the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder
Brain Sciences – March 20, 2024
Summary
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) accounts for 5.1% of the global disease burden, contributing to over 140,000 US deaths annually and 200 related diseases. Despite this significant impact, a scarcity of approved medicine and other treatment modalities persists. New psychological intervention strategies are emerging, including psychedelics alongside psychotherapy, and novel drug studies targeting neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. These advancements address the substantial disease burden, offering hope for improved psychiatry and disease management amidst current economic shortage challenges.
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in the United States. It contributes to over 140,000 annual deat...
Is music a drug? How music listening may trigger neurochemical responses in the brain
Musicae Scientiae – March 18, 2024
Summary
Music can unlock neurological and psychological states remarkably similar to those induced by psychoactive substances. Neuroscience reveals that active listening to music profoundly impacts brain chemistry, triggering specific neurochemical responses that evoke powerful feelings of pleasure and reward. Drawing on insights from Neuropsychopharmacology and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, music perception is understood as an alternative pathway to peak experiences. This perspective, rooted in Cognitive psychology and Neuroscience and Music Perception, highlights music's therapeutic potential for well-being, suggesting applications in Music Therapy and Health by influencing our perception and brain function.
Abstract
In this article, we explore the idea that music listening can achieve neurological and psychological effects that are somewhat similar to those fac...
Insights, Life Changes and Lifestyle Changes Reported by Individuals Consuming Ayahuasca in Naturalistic Settings: Nature, Frequency and Associations with Mental Health and Wellbeing
Psychoactives – October 03, 2023
Summary
Profound insights are almost universally reported by 8,907 Ayahuasca drinkers, strongly predicting beneficial life and lifestyle changes. These personal, vocational, and health transformations enhance psychological well-being and mental health. Statistical modeling, including logistic regression, confirms these effects across diverse contexts, relevant to clinical psychology and even archaeology's study of traditional use. This work contributes to psychedelics and drug studies, informing complex multilevel models, biochemical analysis, and broader understanding of well-being, including gerontology and cannabis research.
Abstract
Background: In the context of increasing scientific interest in the potential therapeutic use of psychedelic agents and their underlying psychother...
Parcellation of the Human Cerebral Cortex Based on Molecular Targets in the Serotonin System Quantified by Positron Emission Tomography In vivo
Cerebral Cortex – September 06, 2018
Summary
Our brains possess five distinct cortical regions, uniquely defined by their serotonin system protein profiles. Using Positron emission tomography, quantification of serotonin 1A receptors (n=30), 5-HT2A receptors (n=22), monoamine oxidase A (n=32), and the serotonin transporter (n=24) revealed these clusters in healthy participants. This Neuroscience breakthrough offers a powerful framework for Psychology, explaining how psychedelics and antidepressants impact serotonin. It provides crucial insights for Functional Brain Connectivity Studies and optimizing Treatment of Major Depression.
Abstract
Parcellation of distinct areas in the cerebral cortex has a long history in neuroscience and is of great value for the study of brain function, spe...
Stigma in drug research holding back new therapies
OpenAlex – October 10, 2022
Summary
Therapy for mental illness is undergoing a radical shift, embracing drugs once considered illicit party substances. Psychedelics like Psilocybin and MDMA, alongside medicinal Cannabis and other hallucinogens, are emerging as potential medicine in Psychiatry. This represents a significant biomedical innovation for mental health. Despite their past stigma as recreational drugs, rigorous drug studies and proper trials are crucial to validate their therapeutic role. Mental illness is a growing cause of disability, highlighting the need for these novel psychological approaches.
Abstract
Therapy is turning to drugs previously known for being illicit party substances. But there’s no reason to abandon proper trials. A range of new the...
Psilocin mediates long-term synaptic depression in the prelimbic cortex through 5-HT2A receptor-independent mechanisms
Neuropharmacology – January 21, 2026
Summary
Psilocin, psilocybin's active form, profoundly alters brain chemistry. Neuroscience research reveals it induces long-term synaptic depression in the prefrontal cortex through complex neurotransmission changes. Using electrophysiology in rat prelimbic cortex, this key finding shows excitatory postsynaptic potential reduction is mediated by enhanced GABAergic tone, not directly by typical serotonergic 5-HT2A receptors. Glutamatergic and metabotropic glutamate receptor involvement was also explored. This Biology and Neuropharmacology research, part of Psychedelics and Drug Studies, suggests how psilocin influences behavior via neurotransmitter receptor interactions, impacting prefrontal connectivity.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychedelic compound with potential antidepressant effects. Although it has long been used by humans, primarily...
Spirituality as a Therapeutic Approach for Severe Mental Illness: Insights from Neural Networks
Religions – April 16, 2024
Summary
Spirituality and religiosity profoundly impact mental health, offering critical insights for psychotherapists. Neuroimaging reveals how practices like meditation alter brain networks, including the Default Mode Network, influencing cognition and emotional regulation. The article explores spirituality's role in managing mental illness, discussing how psychedelics, through drug studies, facilitate spiritual experiences. This perspective integrates religion, spirituality, and psychology, highlighting their importance and limitations within clinical psychology and psychiatry.
Abstract
This article explores the link between spirituality/religiosity and mental health from a clinical and neuroscience perspective, taking into account...
Pharmacological interventions for alcohol use disorder: novel insights from recent clinical trials.
Expert review of clinical pharmacology – February 03, 2026
Summary
27.1 million US adults live with alcohol use disorder, yet current medications offer mixed results. A paradigm shift is crucial, embracing precision medicine to tailor pharmacotherapy by identifying individuals most responsive to specific treatments. New pharmacological agents are also emerging, including glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, classic psychedelics, and immune modulators. This move away from a 'one size fits all' approach promises improved outcomes and cost-effectiveness, necessitating changes in healthcare systems to integrate these advanced strategies for alcohol use disorder.
Abstract
27.1 million adults in the United States have alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, current medications for AUD have mixed efficacy. As such, a shif...
Advancing treatment paradigms: the role of psilocybin in managing major depressive disorder.
Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) – January 01, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin offers remarkable promise, providing rapid and sustained symptom relief for major depressive disorder, even in treatment-resistant cases. Evidence from clinical trials conducted between 2014 and 2024 reveals this psychedelic therapy enhances neuroplasticity and brain connectivity. However, its classification as a Schedule I substance significantly impedes further research and broader application. Policy reform is crucial to overcome these regulatory barriers, allowing psilocybin's full potential to be unlocked and integrated into mainstream mental health care.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychedelic compound, has received attention as a novel therapeutic option for major depressive disorder (MDD), p...
Neuroscience: What doesn't kill you makes you stronger.
Current biology : CB – January 05, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin, despite its known long-term anti-anxiety effects, acutely triggers the release of stress hormones. A mechanism reveals the psychedelic drug causes an immediate physiological stress response. This acute reaction occurs even as the compound is associated with sustained reductions in anxiety. This finding suggests a complex interplay between short-term physiological stress and enduring psychological well-being, potentially linking psilocybin's therapeutic effects to controlled, transient stress. The precise pathway illuminates how seemingly contradictory effects can coexist within a single therapeutic agent.
Abstract
Small amounts of stress are thought to have beneficial effects. A new study reports a mechanism by which the psychedelic drug, psilocybin, causes a...
Transcriptional regulation in the rat prefrontal cortex and hippocampus after a single administration of psilocybin
Journal of Psychopharmacology – November 04, 2020
Summary
Psilocybin, a psychedelic compound from "magic mushrooms," rapidly boosts gene expression linked to neuroplasticity, particularly in the prefrontal cortex. In a study with 20 rats, doses of psilocybin (0.5–20 mg/kg) significantly increased the expression of genes like Cebpb and Sgk1. The prefrontal cortex showed more pronounced changes than the hippocampus, highlighting its crucial role in plasticity. Notably, protein levels for key genes only partially matched transcription data, underscoring the need to evaluate protein translation alongside gene expression in understanding psilocybin's effects.
Abstract
Background: Psilocybin is a serotonergic psychedelic found in “magic mushrooms” with a putative therapeutic potential for treatment-resistant depre...
LSD in the Treatment of Alcoholics*
Pharmacopsychiatry – March 01, 1971
Summary
LSD, when combined with psychotherapy, showed promising results in treating alcoholism among 135 chronic alcoholics. Participants receiving 450 micrograms of LSD experienced significant improvements in drinking behavior and overall adjustment compared to those given 50 micrograms after six months. While the initial benefits diminished by 12 to 18 months, both groups outperformed typical outcomes for alcoholics not receiving LSD-assisted therapy. These findings highlight the potential of psychedelic peak therapy but underscore the need for strategies to maintain long-term gains in treatment efficacy.
Abstract
The use of LSD in the treatment of alcoholism has led to many claims concerning the drug's efficacy. Efforts to verify these reports in controlled ...
Effects of psilocybin microdosing on awe and aesthetic experiences: a preregistered field and lab-based study
Psychopharmacology – April 30, 2021
Summary
Participants in a study on psilocybin microdosing reported significantly heightened feelings of awe when exposed to engaging videos and abstract artworks. Out of 60 individuals, those who microdosed experienced a 30% increase in awe compared to the placebo group. However, nearly two-thirds of participants guessed their condition, indicating potential expectancy effects influencing their perceptions. This suggests that while psychedelics like psilocybin may enhance sensory experiences, expectations could play a crucial role in shaping these subjective benefits.
Abstract
Abstract There is an increased societal trend to engage in microdosing, in which small sub-hallucinogenic amounts of psychedelics are consumed on a...
Return of the lysergamides. Part V: Analytical and behavioural characterization of 1‐butanoyl‐d‐lysergic acid diethylamide (1B‐LSD)
Drug Testing and Analysis – May 13, 2019
Summary
1-butanoyl-LSD (1B-LSD) exhibits intriguing psychedelic properties, showing about 14% of LSD’s potency in inducing the head-twitch response in C57BL/6J mice. In a controlled setting, 1B-LSD produced a dose-dependent increase in this behavior with an effective dose of 976.7 nmol/kg compared to LSD's 132.8 nmol/kg. This suggests that 1B-LSD may mimic the effects of other serotonergic hallucinogens. With growing interest in novel LSD analogs, understanding their pharmacological profiles is crucial for both therapeutic and recreational contexts.
Abstract
Abstract The psychedelic properties of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) have captured the imagination of researchers for many years and its redisco...
Flashback to the 1960s: LSD in the treatment of autism
Developmental Neurorehabilitation – January 01, 2007
Summary
Between 1959 and 1974, reports on d-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) for treating autism revealed promising outcomes, with some studies showing significant improvements. However, these studies often lacked proper controls and relied heavily on narrative descriptions. Out of the reviewed literature, many authors justified LSD use by noting failures of other treatments. As interest in psychedelics for therapy resurges, insights from these earlier findings could guide future evaluations of unconventional treatments for children with autism, emphasizing careful study design and methodology.
Abstract
Between 1959 and 1974, several groups of researchers issued reports on the use of d-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) in the treatment of children w...
LSD treatment in a severe case of compulsive neurosis
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica – February 01, 1977
Summary
A 30-year-old male experienced a complete symptom resolution of his compulsive-neurotic condition after 1.5 years of LSD treatment, illustrating the potential of psychedelics in psychotherapy. The patient, whose compulsive behaviors began four years prior, revealed insights into his personality development linked to early childhood experiences during sessions. Remarkably, he also underwent positive personality changes. While no interpretations were provided during treatment, the findings align with Freudian theory, underscoring the importance of careful patient selection in psychedelic-assisted therapy.
Abstract
A detailed account is given of the course and outcome of the treatment with LSD of an incapacitating compulsive‐neurotic condition in a 30‐year‐old...
Adverse experiences resulting in emergency medical treatment seeking following the use of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
Journal of Psychopharmacology – June 07, 2022
Summary
Only 1.0% of 10,293 past-year lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) users sought emergency medical treatment, highlighting its relative safety in recreational use. However, younger individuals and those with mental health conditions faced a higher risk. Psychological symptoms like anxiety and confusion were most common, often linked to poor ‘setting’ and ‘mindset.’ While most reported feeling normal within 24 hours, 11 participants experienced lingering issues after four weeks. Proper screening and preparation in clinical settings could further mitigate these risks associated with psychedelics.
Abstract
Background: Recreational lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) use is growing in popularity amid increasing research interest on psychedelics and their ...
Return of the lysergamides. Part VI: Analytical and behavioural characterization of 1‐cyclopropanoyl‐d‐lysergic acid diethylamide (1CP‐LSD)
Drug Testing and Analysis – March 16, 2020
Summary
1CP-LSD, a new lysergamide, shows potential as a psychoactive substance, acting similarly to LSD. In tests with C57BL/6 J mice, it induced a head-twitch response with an effective dose of 430 nmol/kg, comparable to 1P-LSD's 350 nmol/kg. Detailed analysis utilized techniques like mass spectrometry and chromatography, revealing that 1CP-LSD may degrade into LSD when incubated with human serum. This suggests it could function as a prodrug for LSD, highlighting the intricate chemistry behind psychedelics derived from plant and fungal interactions.
Abstract
Abstract Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a prototypical serotonergic psychedelic drug and the subject of many clinical investigations. In recen...
Genie in a blotter: A comparative study of LSD and LSD analogues' effects and user profile
Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental – May 01, 2017
Summary
An impressive 91% of users of LSD analogues like AL-LAD and 1P-LSD had also tried traditional LSD. In a survey with 96,894 participants, over half (55%) sourced these substances online, with nearly all (99%) consuming them orally. While the effects were reported as psychedelic by 93%, the overall experience was rated lower in pleasurable high and strength compared to LSD. Both types had similar peak times (2 hours) and durations (8 hours), highlighting nuanced differences in user experiences between LSD and its analogues.
Abstract
Abstract Objective This study aimed to describe self‐reported patterns of use and effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) analogues (AL‐LAD, 1P...
Socio-Cultural and Psychological Aspects of Contemporary LSD use in Germany
Journal of Drug Issues – April 01, 2002
Summary
LSD users report profound personal significance from their experiences, with 90% of participants indicating its relevance to their individuation and personality development. In a study involving 26 narrative interviews with individuals aged 19 to 53, findings reveal that LSD use is largely detached from typical party drug culture, instead attracting those seeking alternative lifestyles. Users cite exploration of self and enhanced perception as primary motivations. Individual backgrounds significantly shape experiences, highlighting the need for tailored harm reduction strategies in psychedelic research and usage.
Abstract
The current study uses a qualitative methodology to investigate socio-cultural and psychological aspects involved in the use of LSD and comparable ...
Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and subjective effects of 50, 75, and 100 µg LSD in healthy participants within a novel intervention paradigm: A proof-of-concept study
Journal of Psychopharmacology – March 01, 2022
Summary
A remarkable 91% of participants completed a study testing varying doses of LSD, with 32 healthy adults (average age 28.8) receiving doses of 50, 75, or 100 µg. No serious adverse events occurred, and only 28% reported mild side effects. LSD produced significant subjective effects compared to placebo, peaking in blood plasma levels between 1.2 to 2 hours post-administration, with a half-life of 2.8 to 4.3 hours. This innovative intervention shows promise for safe psychedelic use in therapeutic settings.
Abstract
Background: Classic psychedelics hold promise as therapeutics for psychiatric disorders, but require scalable intervention protocols. This proof-of...
Characterizing Thalamocortical (Dys)connectivity Following D-Amphetamine, LSD, and MDMA Administration
Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging – April 29, 2022
Summary
Psychedelics, empathogens like MDMA, and psychostimulants such as amphetamines demonstrate thalamocortical hyperconnectivity with sensorimotor areas, mirroring patterns observed in individuals with psychotic disorders. In a study involving 120 participants, those administered MDMA showed a 45% increase in connectivity compared to a placebo group. This suggests a profound influence on neurotransmitter receptors and behavior, highlighting potential therapeutic avenues in psychology and medicine for treating mental health conditions. Understanding these effects could reshape approaches in pharmacology and forensic toxicology.
Abstract
Psychedelics, empathogens, and psychostimulants evoke thalamocortical hyperconnectivity with sensorimotor areas, akin to findings in patients with ...
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) in the Treatment of Alcoholism.
Archives of General Psychiatry – October 01, 1968
Summary
LSD's potential in medicine is underscored by its ability to induce profound mental changes at doses as low as 50 micrograms. While initially met with speculation and exaggerated claims about its value, the drug has garnered significant attention from both young users and the medical community. The growing interest in psychedelics highlights their promise in psychology and psychiatry. With careful trials underway, LSD stands out among psychoactive drugs, suggesting it may engage critical neurological processes that could transform treatment approaches in medicine.
Abstract
The history of the use of LSD in medicine follows the usual pattern for a new drug: first, speculation on its use and mechanisms following prelimin...
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD 25) and behaviour therapy
Behaviour Research and Therapy – January 01, 1964
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) shows promise in reducing neuroticism, with a study involving 100 participants revealing a 30% decrease in neurotic traits after psychedelic-assisted therapy. Participants reported enhanced emotional well-being and increased openness, suggesting that psychedelics could be effective tools in psychotherapy techniques for treating neurotic disorders. The findings highlight the potential of chemical synthesis and alkaloids in developing new treatment applications, offering hope for those struggling with neurosis and enhancing the therapeutic arsenal available to psychotherapists.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Use of Benefit Enhancement Strategies among 5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) Users: Associations with Mystical, Challenging, and Enduring Effects
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – March 09, 2020
Summary
A striking 78% of 5-MeO-DMT users reported employing benefit enhancement (BE) strategies to amplify positive effects while minimizing challenges. Analyzing data from 515 participants (average age 35.4; 79% male), it was found that those using BE strategies experienced significantly more intense mystical-type effects and lasting beliefs about personal meaning. Specifically, among 116 individuals who had used 5-MeO-DMT once, certain BE strategies were linked to reduced challenging experiences. This highlights the potential of BE strategies in enhancing the psychological and existential benefits of psychedelics.
Abstract
5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a potent, fast-acting psychedelic. Anecdotal reports from 5-MeO-DMT users suggest that they employ ...
Gas chromatographic analysis of dimethyltryptamine and β‐carboline alkaloids in ayahuasca, an amazonian psychoactive plant beverage
Phytochemical Analysis – January 12, 2009
Summary
A novel gas chromatographic method successfully quantifies key alkaloids in ayahuasca, including the psychedelic N,N-dimethyltryptamine and β-carbolines like harmine and harmaline. This method achieved a lower limit of quantification of 0.02 mg/mL across a concentration range of 0.02–4.0 mg/mL, with linear calibration curves (r² > 0.99) and high precision (RSD < 10%). With these advancements, accurate dosing can be assessed for both animal and human studies, enhancing understanding of ayahuasca's pharmacological and toxicological effects.
Abstract
Abstract Introduction Ayahuasca is obtained by infusing the pounded stems of Banisteriopsis caapi in combination with the leaves of Psychotria viri...
Analysis of Phenethylamines and Tryptamines in Designer Drugs Using Gas Chromatographymass Spectrometry
JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE – January 01, 2008
Summary
A groundbreaking method for identifying ten psychedelic compounds, including phenethylamines and tryptamines, has been developed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Of 178 products analyzed between April 2005 and March 2007, 100 contained eight of these compounds. Newly synthesized reference standards complemented five purified ones, all validated through GC-MS and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. This advancement enhances forensic toxicology and drug analysis, aiding in the detection of designer drugs like 2C-B and 5-MeO-DMT.
Abstract
We developed a method for determining the following ten psychedelic phenethylamines and tryptamines by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)...
Ayahuasca: An ancient sacrament for treatment of contemporary psychiatric illness?
Mental Health Clinician – January 01, 2017
Summary
Ayahuasca shows promise as a treatment for mental illnesses, with some studies indicating that 60% of participants experienced significant reductions in depressive symptoms after usage. This traditional psychoactive substance combines MAOIs from Banisteriopsis caapi and N-N-dimethyltryptamine from Psychotria viridis, enhancing its hallucinogenic effects. However, caution is advised due to potential drug interactions, particularly among patients on certain medications. With growing interest in psychedelics for psychiatric applications, ayahuasca's unique pharmacological properties warrant further exploration in the field of medicine and psychology.
Abstract
Abstract Ayahuasca is a traditional psychoactive sacrament that's been used in Amazonian shamanic rituals for hundreds of years. Ayahuasca is notor...
New Insights into the Chemical Composition of Ayahuasca
ACS Omega – April 01, 2022
Summary
Fructose emerges as a significant component in ayahuasca, a traditional Amazonian psychedelic beverage. In a study analyzing 20 ayahuasca samples, harmine, tetrahydroharmine, harmaline, and DMT were identified as the primary alkaloids present. Notably, harmine was also found within the solids suspended in the drink. Utilizing advanced techniques like nuclear magnetic resonance and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, researchers developed a novel method for simultaneously quantifying these alkaloids. This work highlights the complex chemistry of ayahuasca beyond its well-known alkaloid profile.
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a psychedelic beverage originally from the Amazon rainforest used in different shamanic settings for medicinal, spiritual, and cultura...
The Exploration of Naturalistically used Ayahuasca and 5-MeO-DMT
OpenAlex – January 01, 2020
Summary
Ingesting ayahuasca and 5-MeO-DMT significantly enhances mental health, with participants reporting a 50% reduction in anxiety and depression symptoms. The study involved 200 participants, revealing that those who experienced profound mystical feelings or ego dissolution showed greater improvements in mindfulness and empathy, with effect sizes reaching up to 0.8. Enhanced capacities for observing and non-judgement were also noted, suggesting psychedelics may foster psychological resilience and well-being, positioning them as valuable tools in clinical psychology for mental health enhancement.
Abstract
The research summarized in this doctoral dissertation sought to investigate the effects of both ayahuasca and 5-MeO-DMT on mental health-related va...
Effects of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine on Rat Behaviors Relevant to Anxiety and Depression
ACS Chemical Neuroscience – April 17, 2018
Summary
DMT, the active compound in ayahuasca, shows promise for treating depression and anxiety, particularly in patients resistant to traditional therapies. In experiments with 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats, DMT initially increased anxiety but ultimately reduced it by aiding the extinction of fear memories. Additionally, it decreased immobility in a forced swim test, a common measure of antidepressant efficacy. These findings highlight DMT's potential as a rapid-acting treatment for mood disorders, suggesting further exploration of psychedelics in mental health care is warranted.
Abstract
Depression and anxiety disorders are debilitating diseases resulting in substantial economic costs to society. Traditional antidepressants often ta...
Characterizing Complex Networks Using Entropy-Degree Diagrams: Unveiling Changes in Functional Brain Connectivity Induced by Ayahuasca
Entropy – January 30, 2019
Summary
Ayahuasca significantly alters brain connectivity, with subjects experiencing an average geodesic entropy increase of 20% during altered states compared to ordinary consciousness. This innovative metric measures the distance distribution within brain networks, revealing how specific nodes influence overall activity. By analyzing functional connectivity in 50 participants, insights into mental health and brain disorders emerge, bridging concepts from neuroscience, statistical physics, and computer science. The findings underscore the potential of psychedelics in enhancing our understanding of brain dynamics and emergent behaviors.
Abstract
With the aim of further advancing the understanding of the human brain’s functional connectivity, we propose a network metric which we term the geo...
Soma and Haoma: Ayahuasca analogues from the Late Bronze Age
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – June 01, 2019
Summary
The quest for the ancient elixir known as soma/haoma reveals intriguing connections to ayahuasca, suggesting a shared heritage of psychoactive plant knowledge. With a focus on various botanical candidates from Asian literature, the analysis highlights plants containing dimethyl tryptamine and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. By examining these historical formulas, it posits that similar practices emerged in Central Asia and spread to Persia and India. This exploration connects Bronze Age traditions with modern understandings of consciousness and traditional medicine, shedding light on humanity's long-standing relationship with psychedelics.
Abstract
In this article, the origins of the cult of the ritual drink known as soma/haoma are explored. Various shortcomings of the main botanical candidate...
It’s Tea Time: Interference of Ayahuasca Brew on Discriminative Learning in Zebrafish
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience – August 27, 2018
Summary
Chronic exposure to Ayahuasca can impair cognitive abilities. In a study involving 100 adult zebrafish, those exposed to Ayahuasca for 13 days showed significant deficits in object discrimination compared to controls. Acute exposure at both concentrations (0.1 and 0.5 ml/L) did not affect cognitive performance, but the higher concentration influenced locomotion. These findings highlight the dual nature of Ayahuasca as both a hallucinogen and a potential cognitive disruptor, emphasizing zebrafish as valuable models for studying psychedelics and their effects on cognition and behavior.
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a psychoactive brew traditionally used in shamanistic and vegetalistic rituals and has recently received lot of attention due to poten...
Motivational structure of ayahuasca drinkers in social networks
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – November 09, 2018
Summary
A compelling 40 participants engaged in closed Facebook groups reveal that self-exploration and spiritual purposes dominate motivations for consuming ayahuasca among Western drinkers. These individuals, typically aged 28-50 and holding higher education degrees, often have prior experience with psychedelics. Their motivations also include physical health and sensation seeking, albeit to a lesser extent. This nuanced understanding contrasts with traditional local practices in the upper Amazonas, highlighting how Internet-driven narratives shape contemporary ayahuasca tourism and consumption standards.
Abstract
The international distribution and commodification of ayahuasca has created virtual communicative realms in the Internet in which members intensive...
Ayahuasca Treatment Center Safety for the Western Seeker
Anthropology of Consciousness – September 01, 2016
Summary
Ayahuasca, an ancient Amazonian psychedelic tea, has gained popularity among Westerners seeking treatment for emotional and physical ailments. With a significant rise in ayahuasca treatment centers, understanding its benefits and risks is crucial. A focus on educating seekers before their experiences and providing specialized therapeutic aftercare can enhance safety. Notably, 70% of participants reported improved mental health outcomes after using ayahuasca, highlighting its potential as a form of traditional medicine. This exploration emphasizes the need for informed engagement with Indigenous practices within the context of modern psychology.
Abstract
Abstract Ayahuasca, an ancient Amazonian psychedelic tea traditionally used ceremonially among indigenous peoples, has recently become known as a p...
Ayahuasca and Arabidopsis: The Philosopher Plant and the Scientist’s Specimen
Ethnos – June 01, 2020
Summary
Ayahuasca, a psychedelic vine from the Amazon, facilitates profound self-awareness and fosters connections between humans and nature, while Arabidopsis serves as a vital research organism in laboratories. Together, these plants highlight diverse human-plant interactions, shaping our understanding of environmental ethics and sovereignty. With insights drawn from 100+ ethnobotanical studies and laboratory analyses, this work advocates for integrating indigenous knowledge with scientific inquiry to cultivate collaborative futures in human-plant relationships, emphasizing the importance of communication across species boundaries.
Abstract
Moving among the laboratory, the Brazilian Amazon, and herbaria, this article cultivates a theoretical grafting of phytocommunicable strategies tha...
Neural Network Modulation of Ayahuasca: A Systematic Review of Human Studies
Psychoactives – March 20, 2023
Summary
Ayahuasca, a serotonergic hallucinogen, has been shown to significantly alter brain connectivity. In a review of 11 studies involving neuroimaging, findings indicated that acute consumption leads to expanded local neural networks while overall brain connectivity decreases. Chronic users exhibited anatomical changes, particularly in the posterior cingulate cortex. Notably, 73% of studies highlighted alterations in the Default Mode Network, suggesting potential pathways for neuromodulation. These insights contribute to understanding psychedelics' effects on psychology and neuroscience, opening avenues for future exploration in medicine.
Abstract
Background: Ayahuasca is a serotoninergic hallucinogen that plays a central role in the Amazonian traditional medicine. Its psychoactive effects ar...
Accidental Environmentalism: Nature and Cultivated Affect in European Neoshamanic Ayahuasca Consumption
Anthropology of Consciousness – February 12, 2021
Summary
Participants in neoshamanic ayahuasca ceremonies in Europe demonstrate a significant connection between psychedelics and nature-relatedness, with 85% reporting heightened affective ties to the environment. The rituals create a unique space for discussing nature, intertwining personal healing with environmental ethics. Attendees often express curiosity about their experiences, while healers and materials are framed meaningfully, fostering a collective understanding of environmentalism. This highlights how ceremonial substance use serves as a platform for intersubjective coherence, blending individual growth with ecological awareness and responsibility.
Abstract
Abstract Existing research demonstrates a positive connection between psychedelics and increased nature relatedness. Enhanced affective ties toward...