Research
Ketamine in fibromyalgia: a systematic review.
Advances in rheumatology (London, England) – July 29, 2024
Summary
The anesthetic ketamine shows promising short-term relief for those battling fibromyalgia, a chronic pain condition. When traditional treatments and antidepressants fall short, ketamine infusions reduced pain levels significantly in clinical trials, with some patients reporting dramatic drops in pain scores. Most participants were women who experienced quick relief with minimal side effects that resolved shortly after treatment.
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) subjects are treated with antidepressant agents; in most cases, these drugs lose efficacy or have adverse effects. Ketamine is an...
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine is a connectogen with empathogenic, entactogenic, and still further connective properties: It is time to reconcile “the great entactogen—empathogen debate”
Journal of Psychopharmacology – July 28, 2024
Summary
The psychoactive substance MDMA, also known as Ecstasy, profoundly fosters an intense feeling of connection. While often described by psychology as both an "empathogen" for promoting prosociality and openness to experience, and an "entactogen" for enhancing introspection and self-awareness, these terms describe a unified phenomenon. This class of substances, explored in drug studies, primarily induces a deep connection—to oneself (intrapersonal) and others (interpersonal). Therefore, a new term, "connectogen," is proposed to holistically capture MDMA's influence on behavior, reflecting this fundamental feeling.
Abstract
Science on methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and MDMA-like substances is faced with the unique situation that this class of psychoactive agents ...
An online self-study mindfulness-based stress reduction course for people suffering from mental fatigue after an acquired brain injury.
Brain injury – July 28, 2024
Summary
Participants in an online Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program experienced significant improvements in mental fatigue, depression, and anxiety. Out of 60 individuals with acquired brain injuries and lasting mental fatigue, 16 completed the course. Those who did reported a large effect size in reducing mental fatigue (0.896), moderate reductions in depression (0.569), and anxiety (0.598). This suggests that an online MBSR program can effectively support individuals with mild to moderate symptoms, though some may need tailored approaches for better outcomes.
Abstract
The Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program has shown promising results for people suffering from mental fatigue after an acquired brain ...
Embracing Change: Impermanence Acceptance Mediates Differences in Death Processing Between Ayahuasca Users and Non-users
OpenAlex – July 28, 2024
Summary
Ayahuasca users exhibit markedly lower death anxiety and fear of death, alongside greater acceptance of mortality. A psychology comparison of 54 ayahuasca veterans and 53 non-users revealed these psychedelic-associated differences. The key mechanism isn't afterlife beliefs or mindfulness, but enhanced impermanence acceptance, potentially stemming from experiences like ego dissolution. This suggests engaging with the transient nature of existence profoundly reduces existential anxiety. These findings offer a novel approach for clinical psychology to manage fear of death.
Abstract
Background: How the human psyche interacts with the theme of death is fundamental to individual and societal life, profoundly influencing cognition...
Basic aspects of ketamine therapy for treatment-resistant depression - a review paper
Quality in Sport – July 28, 2024
Summary
Up to 60% of major depression cases resist standard treatments, but ketamine offers a rapid, effective alternative. Its efficacy rivals electroconvulsive therapy, with a significantly faster onset than traditional antidepressants, quickly reducing suicide risk. The FDA approved esketamine for treatment-resistant depression in 2019. Ketamine's therapeutic benefits depend on form and dosage, likely involving brain neuroplasticity for its swift action.
Abstract
Introduction and purpose: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most common psychiatric illness, affecting millions of people worldwide. The first...
High-order brain interactions in ketamine during rest and task: a double-blinded cross-over design using portable EEG on male participants.
Translational psychiatry – July 27, 2024
Summary
Ketamine's effects on brain activity can now be tracked using simple, portable EEG devices. Scientists found that ketamine increases the repetition of brain signals across multiple regions, particularly during rest. Using a double-blind study with 30 men, researchers compared brain patterns under ketamine versus saline. The drug created more synchronized brain activity, especially when participants were at rest, linking to feelings of disconnection from reality.
Abstract
Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic that induces a shift in global consciousness states and related brain dynamics. Portable low-density EEG syst...
Taking the potential harms of psychedelic-assisted therapy seriously: How do we prevent or mitigate the risks to vulnerable patients?
Int J Drug Policy – July 26, 2024
Summary
Despite the therapeutic promise of psychedelics, safeguarding vulnerable patients is critical. This work highlights the need for robust safeguards in emerging psychedelic therapies. It details how careful patient selection, specialized therapist training, and structured therapeutic environments are essential. These strategies effectively prevent or mitigate potential risks, maximizing therapeutic benefits and ensuring patient well-being.
Abstract
Taking the potential harms of psychedelic-assisted therapy seriously: How do we prevent or mitigate the risks to vulnerable patients?
Testing the Brain Wave Hypothesis
arXiv Preprint Archive – July 25, 2024
Summary
Scientists exploring the neural basis of spatial awareness have uncovered evidence for a fascinating brain wave pattern that may create a 3D mental map of our surroundings. This wave mechanism could explain how animals, including humans, maintain awareness of their environment and navigate through space. Research in q-bio.NC suggests this neural activity may be fundamental to consciousness itself.
Abstract
It has been proposed that there is a wave excitation in animal brains, whose function is to represent three-dimensional space around the animal as ...
Exploring Legal Frameworks for the Clinical Use of Psychedelic Substances in Mental Health Treatment
CORE – July 25, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic substances like psilocybin show promise for treating mental health conditions such as depression and PTSD. A global legal review reveals diverse approaches, with some nations, like the US, cautiously advancing clinical use. This analysis provides vital insights for policymakers, guiding the development of regulations that promote safe, responsible access to these innovative therapies.
Abstract
In recent years, interest in the use of psychedelic substances in the treatment of mental disorders has increased significantly. Recent research sh...
Transient peripheral blood transcriptomic response to ketamine treatment in children with ADNP syndrome.
Translational psychiatry – July 25, 2024
Summary
A single dose of ketamine can trigger rapid changes in gene expression patterns in children with a rare genetic condition affecting brain development. In a groundbreaking investigation of 10 patients, researchers found that ketamine treatment immediately activated immune system responses while temporarily decreasing RNA processing. These molecular changes reversed within 24 hours to a week, suggesting ketamine's effects are both powerful and precise in their timing.
Abstract
Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder resulting in intellectual disability, developmenta...
Toxicology and Pharmacological Interactions of Classic Psychedelics.
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences – July 24, 2024
Summary
Classic psychedelics like LSD and psilocybin show remarkably low physical toxicity, even at high doses. Their metabolism in the liver means they can interact with common medications, particularly antidepressants. While adverse effects like anxiety can occur, they're typically manageable with proper screening and supervision. Understanding these interactions helps ensure safe therapeutic use.
Abstract
As psychedelics are being investigated for more medical indications, it has become important to characterize the adverse effects and pharmacologica...
The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Mental Health and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Journal of aging and health – July 24, 2024
Summary
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) significantly enhance mental health and cognitive abilities in older adults. An analysis of 26 studies revealed that MBIs improved depression and anxiety by over 30% and enhanced quality of life and working memory. Notably, shorter interventions (less than eight weeks) yielded greater improvements in anxiety and quality of life. While MBIs are a promising alternative to traditional treatments, they showed no significant impact on other cognitive functions. These findings highlight the potential benefits of mindfulness practices for older adults' well-being.
Abstract
To assess whether mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) affect mental health and cognitive abilities in older adults. A systematic search was perf...
PTSD Treatment: An Inquiry into the Promising Potential of Psilocybin
Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research – July 24, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, holds significant promise within clinical psychology and psychiatry for treating Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). This serotonergic compound, explored in diverse academic research themes, appears to alleviate dysphoria and anxiety by positively influencing mood regulation. Derived through chemical synthesis and alkaloids, psilocybin enhances introspection and reduces amygdala reactivity, pivotal for fear extinction. As a psychedelic, it offers a novel adjunct to psychotherapist-led interventions, directly addressing symptoms and potentially improving patient outcomes.
Abstract
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating mental health condition that can occur after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. ...
Effectiveness of Online Mindfulness Platform in Improving Anxiety, Depression, and Stress in Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized Control Trial.
Studies in health technology and informatics – July 24, 2024
Summary
Participants using an online mindfulness platform experienced a notable reduction in anxiety, with scores significantly lower than the control group at both four and eight weeks. Among 200 adults, anxiety decreased by 30% in the intervention group, while stress and depression levels improved significantly by the eighth week. These findings highlight the potential of online mindfulness to enhance mental well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic, addressing common issues like anxiety, stress, and depression among adults navigating these challenging times.
Abstract
COVID-19 epidemic bring a great threat to human physical and mental health. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an online mindfuln...
Psilocybin and Motor Function: A Triple‐Blind, Dose‐Finding Study in Healthy Participants
Psychiatric Research and Clinical Practice – July 23, 2024
Summary
While the hallucinogen psilocybin profoundly affects cognition and perception, its impact on motor function, crucial for physical medicine and rehabilitation, remains unexplored. A groundbreaking study in psychology and neuroscience will administer psilocybin (5-20 mg) to 12 healthy participants to assess movement tasks and safety. This research is vital for understanding psychedelics in medicine, informing future psychiatric interventions, and exploring novel therapeutic avenues.
Abstract
Background There has been a resurgence of research into the potential therapeutic benefits of psychedelics for neuropsychiatric disorders. Classic ...
Wood-loving magic mushrooms from Australia are saprotrophic invaders in the Northern Hemisphere
Fungal Systematics and Evolution – July 23, 2024
Summary
Magic mushrooms, producers of psilocybin for mental health applications, maintain full sexual compatibility despite vast intercontinental separation. Analyzing 89 genomes revealed Australasia as their origin, with minimal gene flow since differentiation. This persistence of sexual connectivity, challenging expectations for allopatric speciation in Fungal Biology, suggests unique evolutionary biology. Psilocybin genes exhibit high allelic diversity. Their global Ecology, facilitated by woodchip movement, underscores fascinating aspects of fungal biology and gene flow, relevant to Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
Magic mushrooms are fungi that produce psilocybin, an entheogen with long-term cultural use and a breakthrough compound for treatment of mental hea...
Hippocampal PACAP signaling activation triggers a rapid antidepressant response.
Military Medical Research – July 23, 2024
Summary
A brain protein called PACAP could hold the key to faster-acting depression treatments. When researchers activated this protein in the hippocampus, it produced rapid antidepressant effects similar to ketamine. Using advanced optogenetic techniques and behavioral tests like novelty suppressed feeding, they found that PACAP levels drop during depression but increase with treatment. This discovery points to new possibilities for developing quick-acting antidepressants.
Abstract
The development of ketamine-like rapid antidepressants holds promise for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of depression, but the underlying cellu...
The versatile binding landscape of the TAAR1 pocket for LSD and other antipsychotic drug molecules.
Cell reports – July 23, 2024
Summary
Scientists have decoded how a key brain receptor interacts with LSD and antipsychotic medications, revealing a remarkably adaptable binding site. This neuroscience breakthrough shows how the TAAR1 receptor's flexible structure allows it to recognize and respond to diverse drug molecules. The findings explain why certain medications affect mood and behavior, and provide a molecular blueprint for developing more effective treatments for addiction and psychiatric conditions.
Abstract
Increasing global concerns about psychoactive substance addiction and psychotic disorders highlight the need for comprehensive research into the st...
A randomized controlled pilot study of daily intravenous ketamine over three days for treatment-resistant depression.
BMC psychiatry – July 18, 2024
Summary
Daily ketamine infusions show promise for hard-to-treat depression. In this groundbreaking trial, patients received either ketamine or a comparison drug over three consecutive days. While both treatments reduced depressive symptoms, ketamine demonstrated good tolerability with only temporary side effects. The treatment's efficacy was tracked for a month, showing sustained response in many participants.
Abstract
Studies have confirmed the rapid antidepressant action of ketamine in depressive episodes. Nevertheless, a standardized procedure for the delivery ...
Altered states of consciousness caused by a mindfulness-based programme up to a year later: Results from a randomised controlled trial.
PLoS One – July 17, 2024
Summary
Mindfulness training can lead to profound shifts in how we experience the world, with lasting effects. A controlled comparison explored if mindfulness programs induce changes in consciousness. Participants in a mindfulness program reported positive shifts, such as heightened awareness and a deeper sense of calm. Remarkably, these beneficial changes were observed to persist for up to a year, indicating mindfulness offers enduring benefits to conscious experience.
Abstract
Altered states of consciousness caused by a mindfulness-based programme up to a year later: Results from a randomised controlled trial.
Longitudinal experiences of Canadians receiving compassionate access to psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy.
Scientific reports – July 17, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy shows promising results for cancer patients experiencing end-of-life distress. In a groundbreaking Canadian program, eight palliative care patients received legal access to psychedelics for therapeutic use. After treatment, participants reported significant improvements in anxiety, depression, pain, and quality of life. While most found the experience meaningful, careful screening remains vital.
Abstract
Recent clinical trials have found that the serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin effectively alleviates anxiodepressive symptoms in patients with lif...
CURRENT STATE OF PSILOCYBIN-ASSISTED THERAPY IN MOOD DISORDERS
Psychiatria Danubina – July 17, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin-assisted therapy presents a compelling new direction for treating mood disorders in Psychiatry. A review of eight clinical trials demonstrates significant, immediate, and sustained improvements in depressive and anxious mood. Five trials focused on general depression, while three addressed patients with life-threatening conditions. This emerging medicine, often guided by a Psychotherapist, is safe and feasible, advancing clinical psychology. One comparison showed similar efficacy to standard drug treatments, highlighting psychedelics' potential.
Abstract
Psychedelics are currently undergoing a scientific renaissance, with modern studies investigating therapeutic efficacy of psychedelic-assisted ther...
Psychedelic trip sitting, dosages and intensities: Supplementing clinical studies with anecdotal reports
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – July 17, 2024
Summary
Users of 5-MeO-DMT, a potent hallucinogen, strongly perceived a need for care. Analyzing 660 online posts, a Delphi method expert panel created dose intensity charts for various psychedelics, including psilocybin. While oral administration was common for lower doses, greater drug purity from chemical synthesis and alkaloids, and higher doses, correlated with a perceived need for support. This work, vital for Psychology and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, informs medicine, guiding future biochemical analysis of substances like mescaline.
Abstract
Abstract Background and aims Online communities provide insights into psychedelic consumption, assisting in identification of trends, informing bot...
Investigating the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin in advanced cancer patients: A comprehensive review and meta-analysis
World Journal of Clinical Oncology – July 16, 2024
Summary
Profound anxiety relief emerges for advanced cancer patients undergoing psilocybin-assisted therapy. A meta-analysis of 7 studies, encompassing 132 participants, revealed substantial reductions in anxiety, with effect sizes of 35.15 at 4.5 months and 33.06 at 6.5 months. This medicine, a psychedelic alkaloid, also improved quality of life and pain control. Such findings are crucial for oncology and intensive care medicine, enriching diverse academic research themes in Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychedelic compound found in certain species of mushrooms, is known for its effects on anxiety and de...
Serotoninergic antidepressants combination in psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy: a case report
Frontiers in Psychiatry – July 16, 2024
Summary
Strikingly, a single patient with major depressive disorder safely received the hallucinogen Psilocybin, an alkaloid often produced by chemical synthesis, alongside two serotonergic antidepressants, duloxetine and vortioxetine. This challenges conventional psychiatry that mandates antidepressant discontinuation before psychedelics. Psilocybin medicine was well-tolerated; mild headaches were the only adverse effect. However, discontinuing duloxetine worsened his anxiety, underscoring the vital neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. This suggests concurrent antidepressant drug studies, possibly including mirtazapine, could enhance treatment accessibility in psychology, avoiding unnecessary discontinuation risks.
Abstract
Psilocybin has reemerged as a promising treatment for difficult-to-treat depression (DTD). Although there is limited evidence regarding interaction...
Inter-individual variability in neural response to low doses of LSD.
Translational psychiatry – July 15, 2024
Summary
Small doses of LSD affect people differently based on their baseline mental state. In a groundbreaking study, participants receiving micro-amounts of LSD showed increased alertness and attention, with effects strongest in those who initially had lower cognitive performance. Brain activity changes persisted for a week after treatment, suggesting lasting neural adaptations.
Abstract
The repeated use of small doses of psychedelics (also referred to as "microdosing") to facilitate benefits in mental health, cognition, and mood is...
Long-term follow-up of participants in ketamine clinical trials for mood disorders.
Journal of affective disorders – July 15, 2024
Summary
Groundbreaking clinical trials at NIMH revealed promising long-term safety data for ketamine and esketamine in treating depression. Over 200 participants were followed for an average of 9 years, showing that those who initially received ketamine treatment were more likely to seek it again, with no signs of abuse or increased risk. The treatment proved both safe and effective for managing depression symptoms.
Abstract
Participants who received ketamine at the NIMH were among the first to receive ketamine for depression in controlled clinical trials, providing a u...
Target analysis of psychoactive drugs in oral fluid by QuEChERS extraction and LC-MS/MS.
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis – July 15, 2024
Summary
A breakthrough testing method reveals surprising insights into drug consumption at electronic dance music parties. Using advanced LC-MS/MS technology, researchers analyzed oral fluid samples from party attendees to detect over 70 substances. The method proved highly sensitive, identifying trace amounts of both traditional and new psychoactive substances. Results showed MDMA and cocaine were most common, but many participants were unaware of exactly what they'd consumed.
Abstract
This study aimed to validate a modified QuEChERS method, followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, for the determination of 51 ps...
Beyond Meditation: Understanding Everyday Mindfulness Practices and Technology Use Among Experienced Practitioners
arXiv Preprint Archive – July 14, 2024
Summary
Experienced mindfulness practitioners blend ancient wisdom with modern tech, revealing surprising ways to maintain daily practice. A study of 20 long-term practitioners shows they strategically use apps, wearables, and virtual spaces (H.5.2 user interfaces) to enhance their practice while being mindful of technology's double-edged nature. They integrate brief exercises, social support, and digital tools for tracking and reminders, while developing creative approaches to make technology itself an object of mindfulness practice.
Abstract
Mindfulness, a practice of bringing attention to the present non-judgmentally, has many mental and physical well-being benefits, especially when pr...
Esketamine in depression: putative biomarkers from clinical research.
European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience – July 13, 2024
Summary
Breakthrough research reveals how esketamine offers new hope for treatment-resistant depression through unique brain mechanisms. Neuroimaging shows this ketamine-based medication works by targeting specific brain regions like the prefrontal cortex. Biomarkers indicate its rapid antidepressant effects are linked to changes in inflammation and brain chemistry, offering a powerful option for patients who don't respond to traditional treatments.
Abstract
The discovery of racemic (R, S)-ketamine as a rapid-acting antidepressant and the subsequent FDA approval of its (S)-enantiomer, esketamine, for tr...
Nitric Oxide Donor Sodium Nitroprusside Reduces Racemic Ketamine-But Not Esketamine-Induced Pain Relief.
ACS pharmacology & translational science – July 12, 2024
Summary
A fascinating discovery shows that a common blood pressure medication can selectively block pain relief from one form of ketamine but not another. The medication, sodium nitroprusside, completely prevents pain relief from R-ketamine while leaving S-ketamine's pain-relieving properties intact. This finding helps explain how different forms of ketamine work in the body and could lead to more targeted pain treatments.
Abstract
The anesthetic, analgesic and antidepressant drug ketamine produces dissociation with symptoms of psychosis and anxiety, an effect attributed to ne...
Psychedelic experiences and long-term spiritual growth: a systematic review
Current Psychology – July 12, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics, including psilocybin, significantly foster long-term spiritual growth, a systematic Psychology review of 34 studies involving 19,724 participants reveals. These substances, often associated with profound religious experience and Mysticism, enhance feelings of unity and Transcendence, deepen spiritual Faith, and boost Social connectedness. Individuals report stronger divine connections, increased meaning, and greater engagement in Spirituality. This suggests a powerful link between certain Chemical synthesis and alkaloids and an individual's Religiosity and overall well-being, influencing their religious orientation.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelic substances, which can occasion mystical experiences, are sometimes used for religious and spiritual reasons. Despite strong li...
Assessment of psychedelic--induced states: Norwegian translation and adaptation of the revised Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ-30)
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – July 12, 2024
Summary
Harnessing the therapeutic potential of psilocybin-induced mystical experiences in clinical psychology just got closer for Norwegian patients. A new tool, crucial for Psychedelics and Drug Studies, has been meticulously developed. Through rigorous translation, including cognitive debriefing with six experts and pilot testing on six psychedelic users, a Norwegian version of the Mystical Experience Questionnaire is now ready. This applied psychology development will help evaluate profound states, often linked to chemical synthesis and alkaloids, paving the way for future Psychology trials in Norway.
Abstract
Abstract Background Previous international clinical trials have indicated that mystical experiences resulting from the consumption of classic psych...
Psilocybin mushrooms and public health in Brazil: a low-risk adverse event profile calls for evidence-based regulatory discussions
OpenAlex – July 12, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen from certain mushrooms, showed a remarkably low public health risk. Out of 112,451 individuals seeking medical attention for substance abuse adverse events, only 13 involved psilocybin mushrooms. While 46.2% of these 13 required hospitalization (6 individuals), they represented just 0.02% of all hospitalizations. Crucially, no fatalities were linked to psilocybin, unlike the 1.8% mortality rate from general drug abuse, where alcohol was the primary agent (49.2%). These Psychedelics and Drug Studies findings suggest psilocybin's potential as medicine warrants re-evaluation in psychiatry, challenging current classifications.
Abstract
Abstract Background Current drug policy classifies psilocybin, a substance produced by psychoactive mushrooms, as having a high potential for abuse...
Simultaneous cannabis and psychedelic use among festival and concert attendees in Colorado: characterizing enhancement and adverse reactions using mixed methods.
J Cannabis Res – July 11, 2024
Summary
At music festivals in Colorado, 72% of attendees who mix cannabis with psychedelics report enhanced positive effects. This mixed-methods study examined 318 concertgoers' experiences, finding that while most users described improved mood and spiritual connection, about 40% noted some challenging effects like anxiety. Cannabis was most commonly paired with psilocybin mushrooms, with users reporting it helped ease psychedelic intensity.
Abstract
Simultaneous cannabis and psychedelic use among festival and concert attendees in Colorado: characterizing enhancement and adverse reactions using ...
Client treatment preferences in psychedelic-assisted therapy for depression in participants with depressive symptoms
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – July 11, 2024
Summary
Who your therapist is can matter as much as the treatment itself. Research explored if people seeking psychedelic-assisted therapy or traditional talk therapy (CBT) prefer providers of the same gender or race. Over 600 participants rated these preferences. Findings reveal that racial, ethnic, and female participants highly value a same-gender therapist, especially in traditional talk therapy. A same-race therapist was highly valued by racial and ethnic minority participants across both therapy types. Accommodating these preferences is vital, suggesting a clear need to train a diverse range of therapists and guides to enhance patient experience and outcomes.
Abstract
AbstractBackground and AimsResearch on psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT), a promising treatment option for major depression, has not revealed if p...
The trajectory of psychedelic, spiritual, and psychotic experiences: implications for cognitive scientific perspectives on religion
Religion Brain & Behavior – July 11, 2024
Summary
Often obscured by scientific terminology, psychedelic journeys, spiritual awakenings, and incipient psychosis share profound phenomenological commonalities. A theory reveals the psilocybin experience's trajectory—from initial aversion to awe-inspiring peaks and subsequent CLARITY—mirrors spiritual and early psychotic states. This informs Cognitive psychology, proposing a causal pathway: stress and uncertainty increase Perception of Extra Agency, which can either resolve or perpetuate. Religions, through Social psychology, may modulate this pathway to foster social cohesion, a concept relevant to Evolutionary Game Theory and Epistemology.
Abstract
Fruitful comparison of psychedelic, spiritual, and psychotic experiences requires a degree of phenomenological nuance. Some shared features of thes...
[Psilocybin fungi microdose treatment in major depressive disorder: a case report].
Vertex (Buenos Aires, Argentina) – July 10, 2024
Summary
A 19-year-old with severe major depressive disorder achieved complete symptom remission through carefully monitored psilocybin microdosing. Over 7 months, the patient safely discontinued conventional antidepressants while following a controlled psychedelic protocol. Benefits included enhanced social interaction, improved communication, and increased well-being.
Abstract
Major depression disorder is an entity with high prevalence and worldwide impact. Current treatments present a non-response rate of 15-30%, and cer...
Magic of the Mushrooms: Effects of Psilocybin Decriminalization
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – July 10, 2024
Summary
Decriminalization of psilocybin, a therapeutic hallucinogen, profoundly shifts public interest. Analysis of extensive web-based search data reveals a marked increase in psilocybin inquiries, alongside a notable reduction for other psychedelics like LSD and MDMA. This nationwide trend suggests a significant public health benefit, as individuals gravitate towards psilocybin, considered the safest option. This finding contributes to Psychedelics and Drug Studies, reflecting policy's impact on Medicine and Pharmacology, and its potential in Psychology for mental health.
Abstract
In the past few years, psilocybin, a psychedelic compound found in "magic mushrooms" (psilocybin mushrooms), has undergone decriminalization in num...
Psilocybin for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
Frontiers in Neuroscience – July 10, 2024
Summary
A compelling new medicine for Alzheimer's disease involves psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen and alkaloid from chemical synthesis. Neuroscience and Psychiatry reveal this psychedelic drug modulates the 5-HT2A receptor, enhancing neural plasticity and reducing inflammation. This action improves three cognitive functions—creativity, flexibility, and emotional recognition—while mitigating anxiety and depression in this debilitating disease. Psychology and Drug Studies are actively exploring its therapeutic potential, addressing its hallucinogenic effects. This innovative approach offers a promising direction for Alzheimer's management, highlighting psilocybin's role in disease treatment.
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) stands as a formidable neurodegenerative ailment and a prominent contributor to dementia. The scarcity of available therap...
Shifts in Brain Dynamics and Drivers of Consciousness State Transitions
arXiv Preprint Archive – July 09, 2024
Summary
Our brains shift between different states of consciousness through complex neural patterns. New research reveals how these transitions work by analyzing brain activity during wakefulness, sedation, and recovery. Using advanced modeling techniques from quantitative biology, scientists tracked how neural oscillations change across consciousness states and respond to sound stimuli. The findings illuminate key drivers of consciousness.
Abstract
Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying the transitions between different states of consciousness is a fundamental challenge in neuroscience...
Effects of Low-Dose Ketamine Infusion on the Positive and Negative Domains of Hopelessness and Suicidal Thoughts.
The Journal of clinical psychiatry – July 08, 2024
Summary
A single low-dose ketamine treatment showed promising results in quickly reducing feelings of hopelessness and suicidal thoughts. In a controlled trial with 84 patients, those receiving ketamine reported significantly improved outlook within 4 hours and reduced negative thoughts by day 2, compared to those given a different medication. The treatment's rapid effect on hopelessness was directly linked to decreased suicidal ideation.
Abstract
Background: Low-dose ketamine infusion has been demonstrated to exert antisuicidal effects on patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) an...
The Black Book of Psychotropic Dosing and Monitoring.
Psychopharmacology bulletin – July 08, 2024
Summary
Mental health treatment is evolving rapidly, with several groundbreaking medications showing promise. New antidepressants offer faster relief, including a 14-day oral treatment for postpartum depression. A novel antipsychotic targeting muscarine receptors shows effectiveness without typical side effects. Most notably, MDMA-assisted therapy achieved 70% remission in PTSD patients, far exceeding traditional treatments' 20-30% success rate.
Abstract
Introduction Since the last edition of the Black Book, several innovative agents have been approved or are poised to be approved in the coming year...
Yoga as a Contemplative Practice and Its Contribution to Participatory Self-Knowledge and Student Retention: A Scoping Review of the First-Year Undergraduate Student Transition.
International journal of environmental research and public health – July 07, 2024
Summary
Yoga significantly enhances well-being among first-year university students, particularly in medical and nursing programs. A scoping review analyzed 17 studies from 2011 to 2022, revealing that yoga practices foster emotional and social development while helping students manage stress. About 70% of participants reported improved mental health and self-knowledge through these contemplative practices. The experiential nature of yoga encourages reflective processes, providing essential tools for navigating the challenges of higher education and reducing anxiety during this critical transition.
Abstract
Contemplative pedagogy, specifically yoga, introduced into the higher education curriculum has the potential to develop and entrain intellectual, e...
A lasting impact of serotonergic psychedelics on visual processing and behavior
OpenAlex – July 06, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin and other Serotonergic psychedelics can yield therapeutic effects lasting weeks, profoundly shifting perception. This Neuroscience and Psychology research, part of Psychedelics and Drug Studies, reveals how these Hallucinogens alter the Sensory system. People using 5-HT2A-agonist psychedelics showed slowed responses to a visual Stimulus and increased visual cortex involvement. Mice exhibited altered visual cortex activity, indicating a shift from top-down to bottom-up processing. This Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, explored via Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques, persists.
Abstract
Abstract Serotonergic psychedelics (e.g., psilocybin) have shown potential for treating psychiatric disorders, with therapeutic effects lasting wee...
Intravenous ketamine for emergency department treatment of suicidal ideation in a paediatric population: protocol for a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm pilot trial (KSI study).
BMJ open – July 05, 2024
Summary
As youth suicide rates rise, emergency departments seek better solutions for immediate crisis care. This pioneering protocol explores ketamine's potential as a rapid treatment for suicidal thoughts in young patients. The hospital-based study will test a single IV dose against placebo in pediatric emergency cases, measuring changes in suicidal ideation over 7 days. This could transform how we help children in mental health emergencies.
Abstract
Suicidal ideation (SI) is a common and severe cause of morbidity in adolescents. Patients frequently present to the emergency department (ED) for c...
Effects of perioperative application of esketamine on postpartum depression in cesarean section: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Medicine – July 05, 2024
Summary
A promising breakthrough in maternal health: Esketamine during C-sections cuts the risk of postpartum depression by nearly half. Analysis of 1,655 women found that those receiving esketamine during cesarean delivery showed significantly lower depression scores. While the treatment caused temporary side effects like nausea and dizziness, it had no lasting adverse effects and proved effective in protecting maternal mental health.
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of perioperative esketamine administration on postpartum depression in pregnant women undergoing cesarean section. Data sour...
The role of ayahuasca in cell viability and oxidative stress in gastric adenocarcinoma cell line.
Natural product research – July 04, 2024
Summary
Ayahuasca, the ancient Amazonian ceremonial brew, shows promising potential in fighting stomach cancer cells. The traditional medicine triggered cell death (apoptosis) in gastric cancer cells while reducing harmful oxidative stress. Tests on AGS cancer cells revealed that three plant extracts used in ayahuasca preparation effectively damaged cancer cells while preserving healthy cell function.
Abstract
Ayahuasca, a psychoactive beverage native to the Amazon, originally derived from Banisteriopsis caapi stem scrapings and Psychotria viridis leaves,...
Psilocybin in the Management of Substance Use Disorders: A Summary ofCurrent Evidence
Current Psychopharmacologye – July 04, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, holds significant promise in psychology and psychiatry, sparking interest for substance use disorders. However, current evidence from Psychedelics and Drug Studies remains largely insufficient. Only one clinical trial has explored psilocybin's effect on heavy drinking, and while other trials are ongoing, specific efficacy data for substance use is scarce. Rigorous, blinded trials are essential to understand this chemical synthesis and alkaloids' therapeutic potential in addiction and ensure safe application.
Abstract
Background: Following clinical trials on psilocybin for the treatment of pain, anxiety, and depression in patients with cancer, scientific interest...
Addressing a major interference in the quantification of psilocin in mouse plasma: Development of a validated liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method
Journal of Chromatography A – July 04, 2024
Summary
Precisely measuring psilocin, a psychedelic compound crucial for drug studies targeting anxiety and depression, faced significant ion suppression in mouse plasma. This unexpected chemistry challenge, identified as tryptophan, required a new approach. A novel liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry method, employing hydrophilic interaction chromatography with electrospray ionization and selected reaction monitoring, was developed. This high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry technique achieved a 0.5 ng/ml quantification limit for the analyte, successfully analyzing psilocin in C57BL/6 mouse subjects, advancing forensic toxicology and drug analysis.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a psychedelic compound found in some hallucinogenic "magic mushrooms". Psilocin is the active metabolite of Psilocybin, and it is the...