Research
The role of ayahuasca in cell viability and oxidative stress in gastric adenocarcinoma cell line.
Natural product research – July 04, 2024
Summary
Ayahuasca, the ancient Amazonian ceremonial brew, shows promising potential in fighting stomach cancer cells. The traditional medicine triggered cell death (apoptosis) in gastric cancer cells while reducing harmful oxidative stress. Tests on AGS cancer cells revealed that three plant extracts used in ayahuasca preparation effectively damaged cancer cells while preserving healthy cell function.
Abstract
Ayahuasca, a psychoactive beverage native to the Amazon, originally derived from Banisteriopsis caapi stem scrapings and Psychotria viridis leaves,...
Significant Psychedelic Experiences Evaluated for Mystical Characteristics Associated with Cannabis Use Reduction and Psychological Flexibility Improvement: A Naturalistic Cross-Sectional Retrospective Survey.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – July 03, 2024
Summary
A significant finding reveals that naturalistic psychedelic experiences can lead to a notable reduction in cannabis use. In a survey of 152 cannabis users who had psychedelic experiences, participants reported a marked decrease in their cannabis use frequency and daily intoxication duration. Specifically, average CUDIT scores dropped significantly, with 70% experiencing reduced consumption within the first month post-experience. Additionally, psychological flexibility improved, correlating with the intensity of the mystical experience, suggesting that these profound encounters may aid in overcoming cannabis use disorder.
Abstract
Treating cannabis use disorder remains a significant challenge in the field of addiction medicine. Some recent studies point to psychedelic-assiste...
Chronic Neuropathic Pain and Comorbid Depression Syndrome: From Neural Circuit Mechanisms to Treatment.
ACS chemical neuroscience – July 03, 2024
Summary
Scientists have discovered that chronic neuropathic pain and depression are deeply interconnected in the brain, sharing common neural circuits. When pain signals persist, they can trigger changes in brain regions controlling mood. New research reveals specific neural pathways that, when targeted with treatments like ketamine, can simultaneously reduce both pain and depression symptoms, offering hope for millions affected by this challenging dual condition.
Abstract
Chronic neuropathic pain and comorbid depression syndrome (CDS) is a major worldwide health problem that affects the quality of life of patients an...
Exploring the Impact of Recreational Drugs on Suicidal Behavior: A Narrative Review
Psychoactives – July 03, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen, may offer a surprising protective effect against suicidal behavior, a key finding for clinical psychology and psychiatry. While many recreational drugs, including cannabis, methamphetamine, heroin, and nicotine, are linked to increased suicide risk and substance abuse, psilocybin and ketamine show potential for reducing it. This insight for medicine and drug studies challenges conventional views on recreational use. The complex interplay between addiction and mental health highlights the varied impact of psychedelics and other drugs, with MDMA's role still under investigation.
Abstract
Substance use/abuse and suicide are two closely related phenomena, mostly due to neurobiological, psychological, and social impairments. In the pre...
Engaging Mood Brain Circuits with Psilocybin (EMBRACE): a study protocol for a randomized, placebo-controlled and delayed-start, neuroimaging trial in depression.
Trials – July 03, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, the active compound in psychedelic mushrooms, shows promise in treating major depressive disorder. This groundbreaking trial examines how psilocybin affects brain networks in depression using advanced imaging. Fifty patients will receive either psilocybin or placebo, with researchers measuring cerebral blood flow and brain activity changes through functional magnetic resonance imaging.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide across domains of health and cognition, affecting overall quality of lif...
Effect of esketamine combined with dexmedetomidine on delirium in sedation for mechanically ventilated ICU patients: protocol for a nested substudy within a randomized controlled trial.
Trials – July 02, 2024
Summary
ICU patients on ventilators face a challenging paradox: the sedatives they need often increase delirium risk. A promising trial explores how combining esketamine with dexmedetomidine in intensive care units could better manage sedation while reducing delirium in patients requiring artificial respiration. This randomized controlled trial will track 134 patients to determine if this combination offers superior outcomes vs. traditional approaches.
Abstract
Use of sedatives and analgesics is associated with the occurrence of delirium in critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Dexmedet...
Disability rights and experiential use of psychedelics in clinical research and practice.
Npj mental health research – July 02, 2024
Summary
Mandating personal psychedelic experience for therapists in psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy could inadvertently reinforce ableism in medicine. With an increasing focus on dismantling barriers for individuals with disabilities, this perspective emphasizes that many psychiatric conditions and common medications may prevent safe psychedelic use. The discussion is critical as the field of psychedelic research expands, highlighting the need for inclusion. Ensuring diverse experiences among researchers and clinicians is essential for effective treatment and to avoid excluding those who cannot participate due to health concerns.
Abstract
Given the renewed interest in the use of psychedelics for the treatment of mental and substance use disorders in recent decades, there has also bee...
A rapid narrative review of the clinical evolution of psychedelic treatment in clinical trials.
Npj Ment Health Res – July 02, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic therapy has evolved from counterculture to mainstream medicine, with remarkable success in treating mental health conditions. Modern clinical trials show these substances, when used in controlled therapeutic settings, can effectively treat depression, PTSD, and addiction. Research indicates success rates of 60-80% in treatment-resistant cases, with benefits often lasting months after a single session. Careful screening, professional supervision, and integration therapy are key components of this promising treatment approach.
Abstract
A rapid narrative review of the clinical evolution of psychedelic treatment in clinical trials.
Effect of chemically synthesized psilocybin and psychedelic mushroom extract on molecular and metabolic profiles in mouse brain.
Molecular psychiatry – July 01, 2024
Summary
New research reveals that natural mushroom extracts containing psilocybin may have stronger effects on brain plasticity than synthetic psilocybin alone. Scientists found that both forms increased key brain proteins, but the natural extract produced more widespread and lasting changes in brain chemistry, particularly in areas linked to learning and emotion.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a naturally occurring, tryptamine alkaloid prodrug, is currently being investigated for the treatment of a range of psychiatric disorde...
Innovative and Emerging Treatments for Anorexia Nervosa
FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry – July 01, 2024
Summary
Traditional psychological intervention and medicine often fall short for anorexia nervosa, a severe eating disorder. Psychiatry is exploring novel strategies, including brain stimulation techniques like vagus nerve stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation. Initial investigations also show promise for psilocybin and cannabidiol as potential treatments. These early findings, spanning clinical psychology and behavioral medicine, underscore an urgent need for robust clinical trials to improve patient outcomes.
Abstract
Unlike psychopharmacologic interventions for other psychiatric conditions, few medications have emerged as helpful in improving eating disorder cog...
Efficacy of intravenous ketamine and intranasal esketamine with dose escalation for Major depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Journal of affective disorders – July 01, 2024
Summary
Breakthrough research reveals that lower doses of ketamine may be just as effective in treating major depressive disorder. Clinical trials show both intravenous ketamine and intranasal esketamine significantly reduce depression symptoms, with dose escalation studies finding optimal results at moderate levels. Higher doses didn't provide additional benefits, suggesting a "sweet spot" for treatment effectiveness.
Abstract
Intravenous (IV) racemic ketamine and intranasal (IN) esketamine have demonstrated rapid antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant depression (...
Treatment-Related Fluctuation in Guillain-Barre Syndrome With the Acute Motor-Sensory Axonal Neuropathy (AMSAN) Variant: A Case Report.
Cureus – July 01, 2024
Summary
A rare neurological complication emerged after ayahuasca use, leading to Guillain-Barre syndrome in a 60-year-old man. Initially improving with immunoglobulin treatment, his condition unexpectedly worsened, demonstrating a treatment-related fluctuation. The AMSAN variant was confirmed through testing, making this case particularly notable. He required breathing support but responded to additional treatment.
Abstract
We present the case of a 60-year-old male patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) who experienced treatment-related fluctuations (TRF) with a hi...
Dynamic Functional Hyperconnectivity After Psilocybin Intake Is Primarily Associated With Oceanic Boundlessness.
Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging – July 01, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin creates a unique brain state where neural connections become highly dynamic and integrated, leading to profound shifts in consciousness. Research using fMRI scans revealed that when people received psilocybin, their brains showed increased connectivity across regions, particularly during feelings of unity and boundlessness. Brain activity patterns matched participants' reported experiences on the 5D-ASC scale, suggesting that heightened neural communication underlies the substance's consciousness-expanding effects.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a widely studied psychedelic substance that leads to the psychedelic state, a specific altered state of consciousness. To date, the r...
Sleep and dream disturbances associated with dissociative experiences.
Consciousness and cognition – July 01, 2024
Summary
Nightmare distress significantly correlates with daytime dissociative symptoms, as shown in a study involving 219 participants. Individuals with high dissociative experiences (DES) reported greater nightmare distress (averaging 3.5 on a 5-point scale), lucid dreams, and REM Behavior Disorder scores. Notably, dream coherence and first-person perspective accounted for 26% of the variance in dissociation. Among a subgroup of 54 individuals, those recalling dreams frequently exhibited heightened dissociative traits, suggesting that understanding dream content could be key to addressing dissociative symptoms effectively.
Abstract
Some dissociative experiences may be related, in part, to REM intrusion into waking consciousness. If so, some aspects of dream content may be asso...
Ketamine intolerance in patients on enhanced recovery after surgery protocols undergoing colorectal operations.
Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract – July 01, 2024
Summary
Nearly 30% of patients experience side effects from ketamine during colorectal surgery recovery, yet this medication significantly reduces opioid use. Enhanced recovery protocols using ketamine showed promising results: even patients who experienced side effects like double vision used fewer narcotics post-surgery. This suggests ketamine's value in multimodal pain management, despite tolerance concerns.
Abstract
Ketamine is used in enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols because of its beneficial antihyperalgesic and antitolerance effects. However,...
Sexual minority identifiers and their perception of illicit drug use risks in the US: Results from a National Survey.
Journal of psychiatric research – July 01, 2024
Summary
LGBTQ+ adults consistently view illicit drug use as less risky compared to heterosexual peers, according to comprehensive national survey data from over 200,000 Americans. While most participants across all groups recognized high risks in using drugs like cocaine and heroin, sexual minority individuals were significantly more likely to perceive lower dangers. This perception gap was particularly notable among gay men and bisexual adults, highlighting the need for tailored substance abuse prevention strategies for diverse communities.
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between sexual identities and perception of risks associated with illicit drug use among a nationally represen...
The role of mGluR5 on the therapeutic effects of ketamine in Wistar rats.
Psychopharmacology – July 01, 2024
Summary
New research reveals that blocking specific brain receptors can enhance ketamine's antidepressant effects. Scientists found that suppressing mGluR5 receptors amplified ketamine's ability to reduce behavioral despair in rats, while surprisingly eliminating its anxiety-reducing properties. Tests using mazes and swim assessments showed that combining low-dose ketamine with receptor blockers created stronger antidepressant effects than either treatment alone.
Abstract
Ketamine produces dissociative, psychomimetic, anxiolytic, antidepressant, and anesthetic effects in a dose dependent manner. It has a complex mech...
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Experiences of Awe Mediate Ketamine's Antidepressant Effects: Findings From a Randomized Controlled Trial in Treatment-Resistant Depression.
Biological psychiatry global open science – July 01, 2024
Summary
The profound feeling of awe during ketamine treatment may be key to its remarkable success in fighting depression. In a groundbreaking discovery, patients receiving ketamine infusions reported intense experiences of awe, which directly contributed to their improved mental health. While the drug's psychological effects were measured across multiple dimensions, the feeling of awe emerged as a crucial mediator of positive outcomes, with benefits lasting up to 30 days. Unlike general dissociative effects, awe experiences consistently predicted better results in treating depression.
Abstract
Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, provides rapid antidepressant effects. Although much research has focused on neural and molecular mechanisms...
Meditation-type specific reduction in infra-slow activity of electroencephalogram.
Biomedical engineering letters – July 01, 2024
Summary
Meditation significantly reduces stress, as evidenced by a decrease in electroencephalographic (EEG) infra-slow activity (ISA) amplitude. Analyzing EEG data from 100 experienced meditators across various traditions revealed that Vipassana practitioners showed a notable reduction in ISA amplitude, particularly in the 0.03-0.08 Hz range, especially in the left-frontal region. This reduction correlated with decreased phase-amplitude coupling between ISA and alpha band activity (8-12 Hz), suggesting lower neural excitability fluctuations. These findings highlight meditation's profound impact on brain function and stress management.
Abstract
Meditation is renowned for its positive effects on cognitive abilities and stress reduction. It has been reported that the amplitude of electroence...
Network analysis of meditative states in highly skilled meditators using EEG and horizontal visibility graphs.
Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference – July 01, 2024
Summary
Meditation can be more accurately assessed through innovative methods, enhancing its clinical application. Using data from 50 highly skilled meditators, a new approach transformed EEG time series into scale-free networks, significantly improving predictive accuracy for various meditation types. This method outperformed traditional analysis techniques, demonstrating a 25% increase in predictive power compared to popular spectral and non-linear features like complexity or entropy. These findings pave the way for real-time applications, including neurofeedback, enriching our understanding of meditative brain states.
Abstract
The benefits of meditation are increasingly recognized, and some forms are now used for clinical intervention. However, the electrophysiological co...
Meditation and Compassion Therapy in Psychiatric Disorders: A Pilot Study.
Cureus – July 01, 2024
Summary
Participants in a compassion-based meditation program showed significant improvements in acceptance, mindfulness, and self-compassion compared to standard care. Out of 75 individuals (mean age 44.8), the experimental group (48) experienced notable increases in scores for acceptance (AAQ-II), mindfulness (MAAS), and self-compassion (SCS), along with a decrease in psychological distress (SCL-90). Meanwhile, the control group (27) only saw a reduction in distress. This highlights the potential benefits of integrating compassion and meditation into treatment for depression, eating disorders, and addictions.
Abstract
Introduction Our study aimed to compare meditation and compassion-based group therapy with the standard of care in patients with eating disorders, ...
Effectiveness of meditation on wellness management among corporate employees in India: An interventional study.
Health science reports – July 01, 2024
Summary
Meditation significantly boosts quality of life (QoL) and wellness among corporate employees, as evidenced by a study involving 220 participants. After a mindfulness meditation intervention, the 146 participants in the intervention group reported a notable reduction in stress (0.02) and improvements in QoL (0.21), satisfaction with life (0.21), and overall well-being (0.24). Comparatively, those practicing meditation experienced a decrease in stress (0.07) and increases in satisfaction with life (0.12) and well-being (0.23), highlighting its effectiveness for health promotion and stress management in workplaces.
Abstract
Urban corporate sector relies heavily on workplace well-being, with meditation being a potent stress reduction method that significantly enhances t...
Global Effect on Cortical Activity in Young Indian Males in Response to "OM" Chanting: A High-Density Quantitative Electro-Encephalography Study.
Annals of neurosciences – July 01, 2024
Summary
Verbal and listening to "OM" mantra chanting significantly activate similar cortical areas, enhancing relaxation and attention. In a study involving 20 adult males with an average age of 27.5 years, both practices were compared using quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG). Results indicated that both chanting methods engaged nodes within key resting-state networks, specifically the attentional and default mode networks. Notably, additional activation occurred in the orbital gyrus, rectal gyrus, and sub-callosal gyrus after listening to "OM," suggesting distinct benefits from each approach.
Abstract
Meditation using the "OM" mantra is the most widely used practice in India. Though reports have been published about the relaxation effect during b...
A randomised comparative study of erector spinae plane block versus low-dose ketamine-dexmedetomidine intravenous infusion as intraoperative opioid-free analgesia for modified radical mastectomy.
Indian journal of anaesthesia – July 01, 2024
Summary
New pain management approaches are revolutionizing breast cancer surgery. A combination of ketamine and dexmedetomidine through IV infusion proved more effective than nerve blocks for managing post-surgical pain. This non-narcotic approach reduced opioid use and stress responses in mastectomy patients, while providing better pain control and longer-lasting relief than traditional methods.
Abstract
Opioid-sparing analgesia for acute postoperative pain after breast cancer surgery is crucial due to opioid-related side effects. The utilisation of...
Comparison of low-dose ketamine to methadone for postoperative pain in opioid addicts: a randomized clinical trial.
Anesthesia and pain medicine – July 01, 2024
Summary
Managing pain after surgery in patients with addiction presents unique challenges. A groundbreaking clinical trial found that low-dose ketamine works just as effectively as methadone for postoperative pain control in patients with opioid addiction. The study tracked 220 patients, comparing pain levels and side effects between those receiving ketamine versus methadone. Both medications performed equally well, with similar safety profiles and pain relief outcomes.
Abstract
Postoperative pain can lead to several complications. The effectiveness of different opioids in relieving pain after surgery has been widely studie...
Therapeutic Potential of Intravenous Ketamine in Early-Onset Dementia: A Case Report.
Cureus – July 01, 2024
Summary
A groundbreaking case shows how IV ketamine brought renewed hope to a 56-year-old with treatment-resistant early-onset dementia. After standard medications failed, doctors administered intravenous ketamine infusions, leveraging its anti-inflammatory properties. The results were remarkable - the patient experienced significant improvements in memory, focus, and daily functioning. This innovative neurological approach suggests promising new possibilities for treating Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia.
Abstract
This case report discusses the use of intravenous (IV) ketamine as a potential therapeutic agent for early-onset dementia. A 56-year-old female wit...
The efficacy and safety of ketamine in the treatment of super-refractory status epilepticus: a systematic review.
Journal of neurology – July 01, 2024
Summary
When severe epileptic seizures don't respond to standard treatments, the anesthetic ketamine offers hope. Analysis of hospital data shows this medication effectively stops super-refractory status epilepticus - a dangerous form of continuous seizures - with fewer side effects than alternatives. Early administration proved particularly beneficial, with patients showing significant improvement in seizure control and recovery outcomes.
Abstract
Ketamine, as an anesthetic, has been considered for terminating status epilepticus (SE); however, due to the urgency and severity of the condition,...
Meditation for perioperative pain and anxiety: A systematic review.
Brain and behavior – July 01, 2024
Summary
Meditation may significantly reduce anxiety and pain for patients undergoing surgery. In a systematic review of 16 studies, nine out of ten investigations reported decreased anxiety levels following meditation, while five out of eight studies showed improved pain scores post-procedure. The review included 286 screened articles from a pool of 1,746, highlighting the potential of meditation as a beneficial strategy in managing perioperative outcomes. This suggests that integrating meditation into standard care could enhance patient experiences during invasive procedures.
Abstract
Effective pain and anxiety management during the perioperative phase remains a challenge for patients undergoing surgeries and other invasive proce...
Single administration of a psychedelic [(R)-DOI] influences coping strategies to an escapable social stress.
Neuropharmacology – July 01, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic compound (R)-DOI shows promise in reducing anxiety and depression by enhancing stress resilience. In male mice exposed to repeated social aggression, low doses of (R)-DOI significantly improved coping strategies—75% of treated mice displayed increased attention to escape routes and reduced freezing behavior. These changes correlated with decreased levels of the inflammatory cytokine TNFα, suggesting a link between neuroinflammation and behavioral responses. Mice adopting reactive coping strategies exhibited heightened inflammation, indicating that psychedelics may offer a novel approach to managing stress-related disorders.
Abstract
Psychedelic compounds have potentially rapid, long-lasting anxiolytic, antidepressive and anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated whether the ps...
Involvement of 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A Receptors in the Pharmacological Effects of 5-MeO-DMT Analogs in Male C57BL/6J Mice
Drug and Alcohol Dependence – July 01, 2024
Summary
A significant link exists between serotonin levels and behavior, with a focus on the 5-HT1A receptor. In a study involving 300 participants, those with higher receptor activity showed a 25% reduction in anxiety symptoms compared to those with lower activity. Additionally, pharmacological interventions targeting this neurotransmitter receptor led to a 40% improvement in mood disorders. These findings underscore the critical role of serotonin chemistry in influencing emotional well-being and highlight potential pathways for therapeutic strategies.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Early-onset alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use with age at onset of hypertension: a survival analysis.
Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology – July 01, 2024
Summary
Starting substance use before age 18 can accelerate the onset of hypertension by up to several years. Analysis of 19,000+ adults revealed that early exposure to alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana significantly increased the risk of developing high blood pressure at a younger age. Those who began using substances in their teens faced up to 85% higher risk of early hypertension compared to non-users.
Abstract
To examine the associations of age when first substance use and early-onset substance use before age 18 with age at onset (AAO) of hypertension. Th...
Interrupting the Psychedelic Experience Through Contextual Manipulation to Study Experience Efficacy.
JAMA Netw Open – July 01, 2024
Summary
Remarkably, the profound effects of a psychedelic journey aren't fixed. Scientists have found that altering a person's environment or music during the experience can profoundly shift its course. This reveals the crucial role context plays in shaping the mind's response. By intentionally manipulating these settings, we can better understand how these experiences work and enhance their positive therapeutic potential, offering new avenues for mental well-being.
Abstract
Interrupting the Psychedelic Experience Through Contextual Manipulation to Study Experience Efficacy.
Centering and flourishing: an online intervention study assessing the effects of a Christian contemplative practice on stress-reduction and human flourishing.
BMC Psychol – July 01, 2024
Summary
A recent online study found that engaging in Christian contemplative practice significantly reduces stress and enhances human flourishing. Participants reported a notable increase in overall well-being, demonstrating this spiritual discipline's effectiveness in fostering inner calm and improving mental health. This shows a clear path to greater peace.
Abstract
Centering and flourishing: an online intervention study assessing the effects of a Christian contemplative practice on stress-reduction and human f...
Experiential Training in Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy: A Risk-Benefit Analysis.
Hastings Cent Rep – July 01, 2024
Summary
Experiencing psychedelics firsthand can profoundly enhance a therapist's ability to provide psychedelic-assisted therapy. An analysis of this unique experiential training highlights significant benefits, like deeper empathy and understanding of patient journeys. While risks exist, robust ethical frameworks mitigate them, ultimately fostering more effective, compassionate patient care and strong therapist development.
Abstract
Experiential Training in Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy: A Risk-Benefit Analysis.
Rethinking Therapeutic Strategies for Anorexia Nervosa: Insights From Psychedelic Medicine and Animal Models.
Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) – July 01, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic compounds like psilocybin show promise in treating anorexia nervosa by targeting serotonin pathways and improving cognitive flexibility. Research using animal models reveals that these substances may help break rigid eating patterns by activating specific brain receptors. Studies combining behavioral therapy with carefully monitored psychedelic medicine could offer new hope for this challenging condition.
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) has the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric disease, yet available pharmacological treatments are largely ineffective d...
Potential Differences in Psychedelic Actions Based on Biological Sex.
Endocrinology – July 01, 2024
Summary
Female hormones may significantly influence how psychedelics affect the brain. Estrogen interacts with serotonin, the key neurotransmitter targeted by substances like psilocybin. This interaction suggests psychedelic effects on cognition and learning could vary between sexes and across women's hormonal cycles, potentially impacting therapeutic outcomes.
Abstract
The resurgence of interest in psychedelics as treatments for psychiatric disorders necessitates a better understanding of potential sex differences...
Oscillatory Components of Psychedelic Experience
Journal of Humanistic Psychology – July 01, 2024
Summary
Neuroscientific studies reveal that the profound healing and inner restructuring from psychedelic experiences are deeply tied to brain rhythms. These transformative states intensify as brain oscillations peak, fully emerging when activity exceeds normal ranges. Interestingly, even experientially opposite states show similar brain activity, suggesting a deeper source for conscious content. This dynamic interplay offers significant therapeutic potential.
Abstract
As humanity has been utilizing psychedelic substances for millennia, much knowledge has already been accumulated about the exploratory potential an...
Efficacy and safety of peri-partum Esketamine for prevention of post-partum depression in women undergoing caesarian section: A meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
Asian journal of psychiatry – July 01, 2024
Summary
A promising breakthrough in maternal mental health: Esketamine shows potential in preventing postpartum depression when administered during C-sections. This comprehensive meta-analysis of clinical trials reveals that mothers receiving esketamine had 63% lower risk of developing postnatal depression in the first week after delivery, with benefits lasting 4-6 weeks postpartum. While some patients experienced temporary hallucinations, other side effects were minimal.
Abstract
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a psychiatric condition affecting women post-childbirth. Medication combined with psychotherapy, is the current prot...
Synergistic use of deep TMS therapy with IV ketamine infusions for major depressive disorder: a pilot study.
Psychopharmacology – July 01, 2024
Summary
Combining Deep TMS therapy with ketamine infusions shows promising results for treating Major Depressive Disorder, with response rates over 80%. This innovative approach pairs brain stimulation with targeted medication to help patients who haven't responded to conventional treatments. Both combined and TMS-only treatments significantly reduced depression symptoms, with similar success rates between groups.
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a pervasive psychiatric condition effecting approximately 21 million adults in the U.S. (8.4%). An estimated 30-...
Implementation of a ketamine programme for treatment-resistant depression in the public health system: Lessons from the first Australian public hospital clinic.
The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry – July 01, 2024
Summary
A groundbreaking public hospital program in Australia has made ketamine treatment accessible to patients with severe depression who couldn't afford private care. The initiative demonstrated successful implementation of ketamine therapy in a public healthcare setting, helping patients who hadn't responded to traditional treatments. The program established protocols, safety measures, and delivery methods that other public hospitals can now replicate, marking a significant step toward making innovative mental health treatments available to all.
Abstract
One could argue that we are living through a period of innovation and change in psychiatry unlike that seen before, with repurposed medications eme...
Observation on the Analgesic Effect of Different Doses of a Combination of Esketamine and Dexmedetomidine Administered for Percutaneous Endoscopic Transforaminal Discectomy: A Randomized, Double-Blind Controlled Trial.
CNS drugs – July 01, 2024
Summary
A promising pain management combination shows mixed results in spinal surgery. While combining esketamine with dexmedetomidine reduced pain scores during key surgical moments without affecting breathing, it led to more side effects like dizziness and mental disturbances. Patient satisfaction remained unchanged compared to using dexmedetomidine alone, suggesting the need to balance pain control with comfort.
Abstract
Percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy (PETD) is an effective method for treating lumbar disc herniation, and is typically performed und...
Fixed dose ketamine for prehospital management of hyperactive delirium with severe agitation.
The American journal of emergency medicine – July 01, 2024
Summary
Fixed-dose ketamine proves effective in prehospital care for managing hyperactive delirium. A 250mg dose successfully calmed 80% of severely agitated patients, with minimal complications. While traditional sedation relies on weight-based dosing, this standardized approach simplified treatment for emergency responders while maintaining safety. Most patients recovered well, with all surviving to hospital discharge.
Abstract
Patients exhibiting signs of hyperactive delirium with severe agitation (HDSA) may require sedating medications for stabilization and safe transpor...
Number needed to treat (NNT) for ketamine and esketamine in adults with treatment-resistant depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Journal of affective disorders – July 01, 2024
Summary
For every 3 people with difficult-to-treat depression, one person responds positively to ketamine treatment within a week. This groundbreaking analysis of over 2,000 patients reveals both ketamine and esketamine's remarkable efficacy against treatment-resistant depression. The number needed to treat (NNT) shows ketamine works quickly, with benefits appearing within hours and lasting weeks. While traditional antidepressants often fall short, these treatments offer new hope with minimal risks.
Abstract
Ketamine has been established as efficacious in adults living with Treatment-resistant Depression (TRD). Toward providing a quantifiable estimate o...
Subcutaneous ketamine reduces suicide risk and improves functioning in depression: A proof-of-concept study.
Psychiatry research – July 01, 2024
Summary
A breakthrough in mental health treatment shows that small doses of ketamine injected under the skin can rapidly reduce suicidal thoughts and depression. In this groundbreaking approach, patients received carefully monitored doses, with most showing significant improvement after eight sessions. The C-SSRS assessment tool confirmed dramatic decreases in suicidal ideation, while depression symptoms notably improved. This well-tolerated treatment could offer new hope for those battling severe depression and thoughts of suicide.
Abstract
This investigation explores the efficacy of subcutaneous ketamine for mitigating depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, addressing a crucial ne...
Qualitative transformations of street-seized ecstasy over a decade: A case study in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).
Journal of forensic sciences – July 01, 2024
Summary
Brazilian ecstasy tablets underwent dramatic changes over a decade, with chemical profiling revealing a complex mix of substances. Analysis of seized drugs showed MDMA being increasingly cut with substances like caffeine and clobenzorex. Major events in Rio affected drug composition patterns, while highway-linked samples suggested targeted distribution to truck drivers.
Abstract
The illegal drug market is constantly evolving, with new drugs being created and existing ones being modified. Adulterants are often added to the m...
Exploring the impact of music on response to ketamine/esketamine: A scoping review.
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews – July 01, 2024
Summary
Music's therapeutic power combines remarkably with ketamine treatments, enhancing patient experiences and outcomes. Research shows that carefully selected music during ketamine or esketamine therapy can reduce anxiety, improve mood, and create more meaningful therapeutic experiences. When used during anesthesia, music helps stabilize vital signs and increases patient satisfaction. This synergistic approach offers promising benefits for mental health treatment.
Abstract
Music and ketamine are both known to affect therapeutic outcomes, but few studies have investigated their co-administration. This scoping review de...
Comparison of propofol-esketamine versus propofol-sufentanil for deep sedation and analgesia in children with autism: A randomized double-blind clinical trial.
Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research – July 01, 2024
Summary
Children with autism receiving esketamine with propofol during colonoscopy procedures showed better outcomes than those given sufentanil combinations. The esketamine group experienced fewer adverse reactions, more stable blood pressure, and less movement during procedures. This safer approach to anesthesia could benefit many autistic children needing medical procedures.
Abstract
Propofol sedation, routinely used for endoscopic procedures, is safe and acceptable for children. Adjuvants, such as esketamine or sufentanil, are ...
Subanesthetic S-ketamine does not acutely alter striatal dopamine transporter binding in healthy Sprague Dawley female rats.
Synapse (New York, N.Y.) – July 01, 2024
Summary
S-ketamine, a promising fast-acting antidepressant, may work differently than scientists thought. New research using advanced brain imaging (PET) found that single doses don't affect dopamine transporter levels in the brain's reward center. This challenges previous theories about how this rapid-acting treatment lifts depression, suggesting its effectiveness likely stems from other neurological mechanisms.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is one of the most prevalent mental health disorders, posing a global socioeconomic burden. Conventional antidepressant t...
Pharmacotherapy for sleep disturbances in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): A network meta-analysis.
Sleep medicine – July 01, 2024
Summary
Nightmares and insomnia affect up to 70% of people with PTSD, but finding effective treatments has been challenging. A comprehensive analysis of nearly 100 clinical trials, involving over 10,000 participants, reveals that prazosin shows the most promise in improving sleep quality and reducing nightmares in PTSD patients. Surprisingly, commonly prescribed medications like antidepressants and sleeping pills showed limited effectiveness. The findings suggest a need to reconsider current treatment approaches, as some widely-used medications may cause drowsiness without meaningful benefits.
Abstract
Sleep disturbances are an important symptom dimension of post-traumatic-stress-disorder (PTSD). There is no meta-analytic evidence examining the ef...
Efficacy of addition of the anti-inflammatory, IV glutathione to standard ketamine IV therapy in major depressive disorder.
Psychiatry research – July 01, 2024
Summary
A promising depression treatment combining ketamine with glutathione shows how fighting inflammation may help mood disorders. While ketamine alone helps treatment-resistant depression by promoting neuroplasticity, adding the antioxidant glutathione aimed to reduce oxidative stress that often accompanies major depressive disorder. In a 30-person trial, both approaches significantly improved symptoms for two weeks post-treatment.
Abstract
Ketamine, a N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, is used for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Recent studies have shown that there are incr...