Analytical Chemistry
July 15, 1988
Hyun Kyoon Lim, David M. Andrenyak, Paula Francom et al.
68 citations
A gas chromatography/resonance electron capture ionization mass spectrometry method was developed to quantify LSD and its metabolite N-demethyl-LSD in urine. The method achieved detection limits of 0.1 ng/mL for LSD and 0.2 ng/mL for N-demethyl-LSD, with linear calibration curves over a range of 0.5 to 20 ng/mL. The technique was applied to urine samples from human subjects administered known doses of LSD, demonstrating reliable identification and measurement of both compounds. The approach offers improved sensitivity and specificity for forensic and clinical detection of LSD use.
Analytical Chemistry
July 15, 1992
Chad C. Nelson, Rodger L. Foltz
64 citations
Capillary gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS) methods can detect and quantify LSD, iso-LSD, and N-demethyl-LSD in urine or blood at low-pg/mL concentrations. Derivatization, sample introduction, and ionization techniques were evaluated for efficiency and specificity. Fragmentation pathways from collision-induced dissociation show principal losses from the amide and piperidine-ring moieties. Positive-ion ammonia chemical ionization with MS/MS analysis of trimethylsilyl derivatives provides high specificity for identifying these compounds. Negative-ion chemical ionization with GC/MS/MS of the trifluoroacetyl derivative is suited for trace-level identification of N-demethyl-LSD, a metabolite.
Journal of Chromatography B Biomedical Sciences and Applications
September 1, 1992
Chad C. Nelson, Rodger L. Foltz
46 citations
Methods using gas and liquid chromatography combined with single- and multiple-stage mass spectrometry now allow accurate detection and measurement of LSD at concentrations below one nanogram per milliliter in body fluids, supporting efforts to identify use of the drug.
Journal of Analytical Toxicology
May 1, 1990
Damon I. Papac, Rodger L. Foltz
45 citations
A method originally developed to measure LSD in urine was adapted for use with plasma. After adding a deuterium-labeled version of LSD as an internal standard, the plasma is extracted and the drug is converted to a derivative for analysis by gas chromatography combined with negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry. The assay produced a linear response for concentrations between 0.1 and 3.0 ng/mL. When applied to a male volunteer who took 1 microgram of LSD per kilogram of body weight orally, the peak plasma concentration reached 1.9 ng/mL three hours after dosing, and the apparent plasma half-life was 5.1 hours.