Early intervention in psychiatry
June 1, 2019
Barnaby Nelson, Emily Li, David C Cicero et al.
39 citations
The Inventory of Psychotic-Like Anomalous Self-Experiences (IPASE) shows strong construct validity as a self-report measure of minimal self-disturbance. In a sample of 46 participants including ultra-high risk and first-episode psychosis patients and healthy controls, the IPASE correlated very strongly (r = 0.92) with the gold-standard interview measure (EASE). It also correlated strongly with general psychopathology and positive psychotic symptoms, moderately with negative symptoms, and weakly with manic symptoms. The IPASE may serve as a screener but cannot replace the in-depth assessment of minimal self-disturbance, which requires clinical expertise.
Early intervention in psychiatry
March 1, 2023
Lachlan Kent, Barnaby Nelson, Georg Northoff
35 citations
Distortions in how time is experienced, perceived, and processed appear across many psychiatric disorders, including depression, mania, anxiety, autism, impulse-control, dissociative, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders. A proposed Transdiagnostic Taxonomy of (disordered) Time (TTT) maps these temporal disturbances onto a 2 × 2 × 2 state space that combines psychological models of temporal processing with phenomenological models of subjective time experience. The taxonomy differentiates diagnoses primarily involving distorted macro-level phenomenal temporal experiences (anxiety, dissociation/PTSD, depression, mania) from those involving distorted micro-level temporal processing (psychotic, impulse-control, autistic, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders). Temporal distortions may precede functional decline, suggesting potential for early detection and intervention in at-risk groups.
Early intervention in psychiatry
September 1, 2023
Mawada Ghanem, Christian Evangeli-Dawson, Anna Georgiades
26 citations
Culture shapes the formation and maintenance of delusions and hallucinations, influencing how people explain psychosis and seek help. A narrative review of 16 studies found cross-cultural differences in positive symptoms: auditory and visual hallucinations were most frequent in African patients; persecutory and grandiose delusions were higher in African, Pakistani, and Latino patients; delusions of reference were most prevalent in White-British groups. Three explanatory models emerged: Westerners endorsed a bio-psychosocial model linked to increased help-seeking and positive medication attitudes; Asian, Latino, Polish, and Māori patients favored religious-spiritual models; African patients opted for a bewitchment model.
Early intervention in psychiatry
November 1, 2024
Massimo Ballerini, Eleonora Rossi, Emanuele Cassioli et al.
4 citations
People with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa report anomalous self-experiences (ASEs) at levels comparable to those seen in schizophrenia. In a study of 90 individuals with anorexia, 41 with bulimia, and 92 general-population controls, ASEs were strongly correlated with feeling extraneous from one's own body, body uneasiness, and eating-disorder symptoms. Statistical modeling showed that ASEs influence eating-disorder symptoms indirectly, through disturbances in embodiment, identity, and body image. The findings suggest that anomalous interoceptive processes may initiate a maladaptive cascade that impairs embodiment and selfhood in feeding and eating disorders, and that assessing ASEs could help identify an early shared vulnerability across severe disorders involving altered embodiment.
Early intervention in psychiatry
July 1, 2024
Amanda Taylor, Kathleen Wright, Rachel M Roberts et al.
4 citations
A trial protocol compares Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Children (MBCT-C) with traditional Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT), both including a parent module, as targeted preventive programs for internalizing difficulties in children aged 9–12 from socio-economically disadvantaged primary schools in South Australia. The two-armed randomized controlled non-inferiority trial will enroll 194 children showing signs of shyness, withdrawal, or worry, along with their parents. Child self-report measures include depression, anxiety, attention, mindfulness, and self-compassion; parent measures include depression, anxiety, mindfulness, and parent-child relationship strength. The primary outcome is child anxiety and depression measured at pre- and post-intervention and at 3, 6, 12, and 15 months. The trial aims to determine longer-term effectiveness and the feasibility of adding a parent module.
Early intervention in psychiatry
July 1, 2026
Yiğit Özaydın, Buket Canlan Özaydın
Anorexia nervosa that emerges alongside adolescent psychosis may function as a 'negative delusion'—not a distortion of the symbolic body but its erasure. Drawing on Lacanian psychoanalytic theory, the paper argues that this erasure stems from a shared structural failure in symbolic integration. Self-starvation can serve as a defense against psychotic threats by negating the body's symbolic dimension within social meaning. The framework has implications for early diagnosis and intervention, identifying a structural configuration in a subset of presentations at the intersection of psychosis and eating restriction, rather than proposing a new diagnostic subtype.