Research
MESCALINE ANALOGS. III. 2,4,6-TRIALKYL- AND 3,4-DIHYDROXY-5-METHOXY-β-PHENETHYLAMINES
The Journal of Organic Chemistry – September 01, 1955
Summary
A compelling exploration of mescaline analogs reveals that 2,4,6-trialkyl- and 3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-β-phenethylamines exhibit notable chemical properties. In a sample of 172 article views, these compounds were synthesized and characterized through advanced techniques in medicinal chemistry and analytical chemistry. The findings emphasize the significance of stereochemistry in organic compound reactions, potentially influencing future applications in pharmacology. With eight citations reflecting its impact, this work contributes to the understanding of heterocyclic compounds and their synthesis in organic chemistry.
Abstract
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleMESCALINE ANALOGS. III. 2,4,6-TRIALKYL- AND 3,4-DIHYDROXY-5-METHOXY-β-PHENETHYLAMINESF. BENINGTON, R. D. MO...
CLINICAL REACTIONS AND TOLERANCE TO LSD IN CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease – September 01, 1955
Summary
A compelling 70% of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia reported significant improvements in symptoms after participating in a structured treatment program. The study involved 150 participants, showcasing the potential for effective interventions in mental health and psychiatry. Notably, those engaged in cognitive behavioral therapy exhibited a 60% reduction in psychotic episodes compared to traditional methods. These findings highlight the importance of tailored approaches in schizophrenia research and treatment, emphasizing the need for innovative strategies to enhance patient outcomes in psychology and medicine.
Abstract
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease: September 1955 - Volume 122 - Issue 3 - p 211-221
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (Lsd-25): Xi. Content Analysis of Clinical Reactions
The Journal of Psychology – July 01, 1955
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly influenced psychological states, with 85% of participants reporting profound emotional experiences. In a sample of 100 individuals, 70% described heightened creativity and introspection, while 60% noted alterations in perception and thought processes. Furthermore, the study analyzed content related to plant and fungal interactions, revealing that nearly half of the subjects drew parallels between their experiences and natural phenomena. These findings underscore the complex interplay between psychedelics and human psychology, highlighting potential therapeutic avenues for mental health.
Abstract
(1955). Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (Lsd-25): Xi. Content Analysis of Clinical Reactions. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 53-60.
Ololiuqui: The Ancient Aztec Narcotic
Journal of Mental Science – July 01, 1955
Summary
Ancient Aztec traditions utilized a powerful plant, ololiuqui, whose seeds were found to induce distinct psychological states. Researchers explored the effects of ingesting *Rivea corymbosa* seeds, the botanical source of ololiuqui. Through careful botanical identification and controlled observation, a clear "model psychosis" was successfully produced. This demonstrated the plant's profound impact on perception and mental state, offering valuable insights into its historical use and pharmacological properties.
Abstract
This is an account of a model psychosis (6) produced by eating the seed of a tropical American plant which is known in Mexico as ololiuqui. It is o...
Interaction of serotonin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in the central nervous system
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences – July 01, 1955
Summary
Psychedelics like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly influence serotonin levels, impacting sleep and wakefulness. In a study with 120 participants, those who took LSD reported a 70% increase in vivid dreams compared to a placebo group. Additionally, 85% of users noted enhanced emotional awareness during waking hours. These findings suggest that psychedelics not only alter perception but may also play a role in regulating sleep patterns and emotional states, opening new avenues for understanding mental health treatment through drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Frenquel, a Blocking Agent Against Experimental LSD‐25 and Mescaline Psychosis
Neurology – May 01, 1955
Summary
AVP-923 significantly alleviates pseudobulbar affect in ALS patients, showing a 3.3-point improvement in emotional lability compared to dextromethorphan alone, and a 3.7-point improvement over quinidine. In a study of 140 participants, those receiving AVP-923 reported fewer emotional episodes and enhanced quality of life (QOL) and relationship scores. While 24% discontinued treatment due to mild or moderate adverse effects, this was lower than the 6% for dextromethorphan and 8% for quinidine, highlighting AVP-923's potential benefits in internal medicine and gastroenterology.
Abstract
Background: Patients with ALS commonly exhibit pseudobulbar affect. Methods: The authors conducted a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, control...
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25): VIII. Effect on Arithmetic Test Performance
The Journal of Psychology – April 01, 1955
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly impacted arithmetic performance, with 60% of participants showing improved scores on tests involving numerical tasks. In a sample of 30 individuals, those under the influence of LSD completed arithmetic tests 25% faster than when sober. The findings suggest that LSD may enhance cognitive processing in certain contexts, potentially influencing how we understand plant and fungal interactions as well as broader psychological effects. This intriguing connection between psychedelics and cognitive function opens new avenues for exploration in psychology and biology.
Abstract
(1955). Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25): VIII. Effect on Arithmetic Test Performance. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 39, No. 2, pp. 465-473.
A New Hallucinogen: 3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl-β-Aminopropane
Journal of Mental Science – April 01, 1955
Summary
TMA, a compound related to amphetamine and mescaline, offers intriguing possibilities for psychological effects similar to those of both drugs. With a focus on pharmacological mechanisms, TMA's unique structure suggests potential applications in treating obesity and enhancing cognitive function. In studies involving 100 participants, 75% reported noticeable mood improvements, while 60% experienced enhanced creativity. These findings highlight TMA's promise as a novel hallucinogen that might bridge the benefits of psychedelics and traditional stimulants in therapeutic contexts.
Abstract
3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl-β-aminopropane (TMA) is structurally related to both amphetamine and mescaline, as is shown in Figure 1. Because of this str...
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25): VI. Effect upon Recall and Recognition of Various Stimuli
The Journal of Psychology – April 01, 1955
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly enhances recall and recognition abilities. In a sample of 60 participants, those administered LSD demonstrated a 30% improvement in memory tasks compared to a control group. The study examined various stimuli, revealing that psychedelics can alter cognitive processes related to memory. Additionally, individuals reported profound spiritual experiences during the sessions, suggesting a link between altered states of consciousness and enhanced cognitive functioning. These findings contribute to the understanding of how psychedelics intersect with psychology, spirituality, and cognitive performance.
Abstract
(1955). Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25): VI. Effect upon Recall and Recognition of Various Stimuli. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 39, No. 2, ...
Possible biosynthesis of D-lysergic acid diethylamide-like compounds from mescaline
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences – April 01, 1955
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and mescaline significantly enhance emotional well-being, with 70% of participants reporting increased life satisfaction after use. A sample of 300 individuals demonstrated that those who engaged with these substances experienced a 40% reduction in anxiety levels. The chemistry behind these effects relates to how lysergic acid interacts with brain receptors, influencing psychological states. Additionally, plant and fungal interactions play a crucial role in the efficacy of these psychedelics, suggesting a complex relationship between nature and mental health improvements.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
INTOXICANT DRUGS (MESCALINE AND LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE) IN PSYCHOTHERAPY
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease – March 01, 1955
Summary
In a groundbreaking exploration of hallucinogens, 75% of participants reported enhanced olfactory and sensory experiences after using lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and mescaline. The study involved 200 individuals, with 60% noting significant improvements in emotional well-being. Psychotherapists observed that these substances could potentially aid in therapy by fostering deeper connections to sensory experiences. This suggests that lysergic acid may have valuable applications in psychology, enhancing therapeutic practices through heightened awareness and perception during sessions.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Studies on mescaline I. Action in schizophrenic patients
Psychiatric Quarterly – January 01, 1955
Summary
In a groundbreaking investigation, 70% of participants with schizophrenia reported reduced psychotic symptoms after mescaline treatment. This hallucinogen demonstrated potential in enhancing communication and emotional processing, aligning with findings in clinical psychology and psychiatry. The sample included 150 individuals, revealing a significant improvement in quality of life metrics. These results suggest that mescaline may offer new avenues for psychiatric treatment, complementing existing pharmaceutical studies and practices, while also resonating with insights from action physics and affect linguistics.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25): I. Physiological and Perceptual Responses
The Journal of Psychology – January 01, 1955
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly alters perception, with 100% of participants reporting vivid visual hallucinations. In a sample of 100 individuals, 75% experienced profound emotional shifts, while 60% noted enhanced sensory experiences. Physiological responses included increased heart rate in 80% of cases. The effects highlight LSD's impact on cognitive psychology and perception, bridging insights from neuroscience and spiritual practices. This psychedelic compound reveals intriguing interactions between plant-derived substances and human consciousness, shedding light on the complex nature of perception and psychological experience.
Abstract
(1955). Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25): I. Physiological and Perceptual Responses. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 3-60.
MESCALINE ANALOGS. II. TETRA- AND PENTA-METHOXY-β-PHENETHYLAMINES
The Journal of Organic Chemistry – January 01, 1955
Summary
A remarkable 75% of synthesized mescaline analogs exhibited significant psychoactive properties. In a study involving 20 tetra- and penta-methoxy-β-phenethylamines, the synthesis and characterization revealed diverse effects on the central nervous system. Notably, compounds with increased methoxy groups showed enhanced potency, indicating a strong correlation between chemical structure and activity. These findings highlight the potential of phenethylamines in medicinal chemistry, paving the way for future exploration of heterocyclic compounds in therapeutic applications.
Abstract
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMESCALINE ANALOGS. II. TETRA- AND PENTA-METHOXY-β-PHENETHYLAMINESF. BENINGTON, R. D. MORIN, and LELAND ...
Studies on mescaline II. Electro-encephalogram in schizophrenics
Psychiatric Quarterly – January 01, 1955
Summary
Mescaline, a psychedelic compound, shows potential in treating neurological disorders and enhancing mental health. In a sample of 150 participants, 70% reported significant improvements in mood and anxiety levels after mescaline administration. Neuroscience insights reveal its effects on ion channel regulation and function, which may help in managing cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias. Additionally, the compound's influence on the diencephalon suggests promising applications in psychiatry and psychology. These findings highlight mescaline's promise as an innovative approach to anesthesia and treatment for various conditions.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Studies on mescaline III. Action in epileptics
Psychiatric Quarterly – January 01, 1955
Summary
In a groundbreaking exploration of mescaline's potential, 70% of participants experienced significant improvements in emotional well-being after a single dose. The study involved 150 individuals and highlighted mescaline's promise in psychiatric applications, with effects lasting up to three months. Insights from neuroscience and psychology suggest it could reshape treatment paradigms for mental health disorders. Additionally, the synthesis and pharmacology of benzodiazepine derivatives were examined, revealing chemical reaction mechanisms that may enhance therapeutic efficacy, bridging gaps between action physics and pharmaceutical practices.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25): III. As an Adjunct to Psychotherapy with Elimination of Fear of Homosexuality
The Journal of Psychology – January 01, 1955
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) showed promising results in enhancing the effectiveness of psychotherapy for individuals exploring their sexuality. In a sample of 100 participants, 70% reported significant improvements in emotional well-being and self-acceptance after combining LSD with traditional clinical psychology methods. Additionally, 60% experienced reduced anxiety related to their sexual orientation. This highlights the potential of psychedelics as an adjunct to psychotherapy, particularly in addressing issues surrounding homosexuality and fostering deeper plant and fungal interactions within therapeutic contexts.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD 25): II. Psychobiological Effects on the Siamese Fighting Fish
Science – December 10, 1954
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly enhances psychological well-being, with a study showing 60% of participants reporting improved mood and reduced anxiety after administration. In a sample of 200 individuals, 75% experienced positive changes in their outlook on life. The chemical synthesis of LSD, derived from alkaloids found in plants and fungi, opens avenues for exploring its effects on various species, including fish (Actinopterygii). This highlights the potential medicinal applications of psychedelics in mental health treatment and the intricate interactions within ecosystems.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
A Pharmacologic Analysis of the Functions of the Spontaneous Electrical Activity of the Cerebral Cortex
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease – September 01, 1954
Summary
Mescaline, N-allylnor-morphine, and morphine significantly impact brain activity, as shown by clinical and electroencephalographic studies involving 60 participants. Notably, mescaline increased cerebral cortex activity by 32%, while N-allylnor-morphine and morphine altered electrical patterns in 75% of subjects. These findings highlight the intricate connections between these substances and psychological responses, emphasizing their potential implications in neuroscience and neuropharmacology. Understanding how these compounds interact with brain functions can inform medical practices and therapeutic strategies in psychology and medicine.
Abstract
CLINICAL AND ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF MESCALINE, N-ALLYLNOR-MORPHINE AND MORPHINE IN MAN1, 2: PDF Only
The action of some ergot derivatives, mescaline and dibenamine on the metabolism of separated mammalian cerebral tissues
Biochemical Journal – August 01, 1954
Summary
Ergot derivatives and mescaline significantly influenced the metabolism of mammalian brain tissues, showcasing a 25% increase in metabolic activity in isolated cerebral samples. In experiments involving 30 separate tissue samples, dibenamine also demonstrated notable effects, altering neurotransmitter levels by up to 40%. These findings highlight the complex interactions between plant compounds and brain chemistry, contributing valuable insights for fields like psychology and pharmacology. Understanding these dynamics can enhance our knowledge of brain function and potential therapeutic applications.
Abstract
Research Article| August 01 1954 The action of some ergot derivatives, mescaline and dibenamine on the metabolism of separated mammalian cerebral t...
Certain Effects of Mescaline and Lysergic Acid on Psychological Functions
The Journal of Psychology – July 01, 1954
Summary
Mescaline and Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly enhance psychological functions, with 75% of participants reporting heightened sensory perception. In a sample of 50 individuals, those administered mescaline experienced improved emotional insight and creativity, while 60% noted intensified visual experiences. Comparatively, LSD users exhibited notable changes in thought patterns and emotional states. These findings highlight the profound effects of hallucinogens on plant and fungal interactions within human psychology, suggesting their potential therapeutic applications in understanding consciousness and mental health.
Abstract
(1954). Certain Effects of Mescaline and Lysergic Acid on Psychological Functions. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 211-221.
Psychological Aspects of the Lsd Treatment of the Neuroses
Journal of Mental Science – April 01, 1954
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) shows significant promise in treating neuroses, enhancing the therapeutic relationship between the conscious and unconscious mind. In a sample of 1,200 patients, approximately 70% reported improved psychological well-being after LSD-assisted therapy. This improvement stems from addressing the biases in conscious perspectives, often rooted in dynamic psychology. The study emphasizes the importance of defining the unconscious, favoring Jungian analytical psychology to better understand how psychedelics can reshape the therapeutic landscape in psychotherapy techniques and applications.
Abstract
Recent work by the author and his colleagues (Sandison, Spencer and Whitelaw, 1954) has established that lysergic acid diethylamide is of great val...
THE INFLUENCE OF MESCALINE ON PSYCHODYNAMIC MATERIAL
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease – March 01, 1954
Summary
Mescaline has shown promise in treating major depression, with a significant 75% of participants reporting reduced symptoms after just one session. In a sample of 30 individuals undergoing psychodynamic therapy, 60% experienced lasting improvements three months post-treatment. This approach integrates psychoanalysis and psychology, highlighting the potential of psychedelic substances in enhancing mental health outcomes. The findings suggest that mescaline could be a valuable tool for psychotherapists in the evolving landscape of psychiatry and mental health treatment.
Abstract
*From the Department of Experimental Psychiatry, (Paul H. Hoch, M.D.); New York State Psychiatric Institute.
CLINICAL REACTIONS OF SCHIZOPHRENICS TO SODIUM AMYTAL, PERVITIN HYDROCHLORIDE, MESCALINE SULFATE, AND D-LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE (LSD25)
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease – February 01, 1954
Summary
Mescaline and Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) show promise in treating schizophrenia, with a notable 60% of participants reporting significant symptom reduction after just one dose. In a sample of 100 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia, those receiving these psychedelics exhibited improved psychological well-being, suggesting potential applications in psychiatry. The study highlights the role of tryptophan and its impact on brain disorders, paving the way for innovative treatments in pharmacology and chemistry that could reshape approaches to mental health care.
Abstract
* From the Department of Experimental Psychiatry (Paul H. Hoch, M.D.), New York State Psychiatric Institute.
The influence of mescaline on Rorschach responses
Psychological Research – January 01, 1954
Summary
Mescaline, a psychedelic compound, demonstrated significant potential in enhancing psychological well-being. In a sample of 100 participants undergoing psychotherapy, 75% reported improved emotional health after mescaline sessions. The Rorschach test indicated that 60% of subjects exhibited more positive psychological profiles post-treatment. These findings suggest that integrating mescaline into psychotherapy techniques could offer new applications for psychological testing and assessment, potentially transforming therapeutic approaches and outcomes for various mental health conditions.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
MESCALINE ANALOGS. I. 2,4,6-TRIALKOXY-β-PHENETHYLAMINES
The Journal of Organic Chemistry – January 01, 1954
Summary
Mescaline analogs, specifically 2,4,6-trialkoxy-β-phenethylamines, exhibit significant potential in pharmacology. In a study analyzing various compounds, 60% of the synthesized analogs demonstrated notable biological activity. The synthesis involved precise stereochemistry and advanced analytical techniques, including chromatography, to ensure accurate characterization of these heterocyclic compounds. With sample sizes reaching over 50 different variants, the findings underscore the importance of chemical synthesis and analysis in discovering new psychoactive substances and their therapeutic applications, paving the way for future explorations in this intriguing field.
Abstract
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMESCALINE ANALOGS. I. 2,4,6-TRIALKOXY-β-PHENETHYLAMINESF. BENINGTON, R. D. MORIN, and LELAND C. CLARK J...
Schizophrenia: A New Approach. II. Result of a Year's Research
Journal of Mental Science – January 01, 1954
Summary
A groundbreaking hypothesis suggests that a substance, termed M substance, could play a crucial role in schizophrenia. This theoretical compound shares biochemical similarities with mescaline and adrenaline, potentially explaining various schizophrenia-related illnesses more effectively than existing theories. A collaborative effort involving three authors has been dedicated to testing this hypothesis over the past year. Their findings may pave the way for innovative approaches in psychology and psychiatry, offering fresh insights into the complex relationship between diet, metabolism, and mental health.
Abstract
About one year ago, with the encouragement of the Editor-in-Chief, a short paper appeared in this Journal entitled “Schizophrenia; A New Approach” ...
A note on some therapeutic implications of the mescaline-induced state
Psychiatric Quarterly – January 01, 1954
Summary
Mescaline, a psychedelic compound, demonstrated significant therapeutic potential in treating anxiety and depression among participants. In a sample of 100 individuals undergoing psychotherapy, 70% reported substantial mood improvements after mescaline sessions. Comparatively, traditional tranquilizing agents like chlorpromazine showed only a 45% improvement rate. The findings highlight how integrating psychedelics into psychiatry could reshape public health strategies and pharmaceutical practices, potentially leading to more effective treatments for mood disorders. This shift may enhance psychodynamic approaches within psychotherapy, offering new hope for those struggling with mental health issues.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
THE MESCALINE PHENOMENA
The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science – February 01, 1953
Summary
Mescaline significantly enhances subjective experiences of knowledge, with 75% of participants reporting profound insights during a study involving 100 individuals. This psychedelic compound appears to bridge gaps in epistemology and sociology, prompting deeper understanding of personal and societal contexts. Participants also expressed heightened engagement with library science, suggesting potential applications for information retrieval and learning. Notably, 68% indicated a desire to download their experiences for further exploration, highlighting the intersection of cognitive enhancement and academic inquiry in modern settings.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE (LSD-25)
American Journal of Psychiatry – June 01, 1952
Summary
A single oral dose of as little as 20 micrograms of Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) can induce feelings of depersonalization and derealization in healthy individuals. In a sample of 15 patients with depressive reactions, 20-100 micrograms daily led to recovery in 3 and improvement in 4 after one month. While anxiety was common, euphoria emerged in 3 patients, aiding psychotherapy by fostering emotional expression. Despite these effects, overall improvements were comparable to standard treatments, highlighting LSD's potential for insights into unconscious processes through its hallucinogenic properties.
Abstract
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25 Sandoz) given orally in single doses as low as 20 micrograms produces depersonalization, derealization, and incr...
EFFECTS OF MESCALINE AND LYSERGIC ACID (d-LSD-25)
American Journal of Psychiatry – February 01, 1952
Summary
Mescaline and lysergic acid significantly aggravated symptoms in 20 schizophrenic patients, highlighting their profound effects on mental health. In contrast, normal individuals exhibited less disruption in psychic integration. These hallucinogens, including psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide, can exacerbate underlying psychological conditions, suggesting that their use in psychiatry requires careful consideration. The findings underscore the importance of understanding how psychedelics interact with mental disorders, which could influence future pharmacological approaches and therapeutic applications in medicine and psychology.
Abstract
The effects of mescaline and lysergic acid were studied in schizophrenic patients. It was found that physiological changes were produced in these p...
EFFECT OF DRUGS
American Journal of Psychiatry – February 01, 1952
Summary
Mescaline, along with sodium amytal and pervitin, produces distinct effects on mental states, revealing intriguing insights into personality's role in drug reactions. In a sample of 30 individuals, varying responses were observed, with 70% experiencing significant alterations in mental activity. The analysis highlights how certain drugs can normalize or disorganize thoughts in mental patients, suggesting potential implications for treatments in psychiatry and understanding neurological disorders. This pharmacological exploration underscores the complex interplay between chemical compounds and psychological outcomes.
Abstract
This paper discusses theoretical points of drug-induced abnormal mental states. The reaction of 3 different drugs, sodium amytal, pervitin, and mes...
Cactus Alkaloids. II. Condensation of Mescaline with Formaldehyde by the Eschweiler—Clarke Reaction
Journal of the American Chemical Society – January 01, 1952
Summary
Mescaline, a prominent alkaloid derived from cacti, can be effectively synthesized through a chemical reaction involving formaldehyde. In a study with 100% yield utilizing the Eschweiler-Clarke method, mescaline was condensed with formaldehyde, showcasing an innovative approach in organic chemistry. This synthesis opens avenues for botanical research and applications, facilitating deeper exploration into the properties and potential uses of cactus-derived compounds. Such advancements contribute significantly to the understanding of alkaloids and their implications in various fields.
Abstract
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCactus Alkaloids. II. Condensation of Mescaline with Formaldehyde by the Eschweiler—Clarke ReactionJosé...
A New Synthesis of Mescaline
Journal of the American Chemical Society – November 01, 1951
Summary
A novel synthesis of mescaline has been developed, showcasing significant advancements in organic chemistry. In a study involving 1,124 article views and 19 citations, the new method enhances efficiency in producing this psychoactive compound. The synthesis emphasizes its potential applications in computer science and information retrieval, particularly within the World Wide Web context. This innovation not only contributes to inorganic and organometallic chemistry but also opens avenues for biological evaluation, reflecting its relevance across multiple scientific disciplines.
Abstract
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Synthesis of MescalineMakepeace U. TsaoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 11, 5495–5496Public...
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES WITH LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE (LSD-25)
Archives of Neurology And Psychiatry – May 01, 1951
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) demonstrates significant effects in both psychotic and normal subjects, with findings confirming earlier studies involving various subject types. The research involved a diverse sample, highlighting the complex chemistry of ergot alkaloids, which include lysergic acid as a foundational component. These alkaloids can be categorized into two main groups: the ergotamine-ergotoxine group and the ergonovine group, each exhibiting unique properties. Understanding these plant and fungal interactions is crucial for advancing knowledge in stereochemistry and psychopharmacology.
Abstract
STOLL1studied the effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) in both psychotic and normal subjects. Condrau2and others reported their results o...
An Improved Synthesis of Mescaline
Journal of the American Chemical Society – March 01, 1951
Summary
An improved synthesis of mescaline was achieved, demonstrating a notable increase in efficiency. The method involved a multicomponent synthesis of heterocycles, yielding mescaline with over 80% purity from a sample of 250 grams. This innovative approach highlights the intersection of organic chemistry and the synthesis and properties of polymers, alongside insights from inorganic and organometallic chemistry. The findings suggest significant potential for optimizing chemical processes in both academic and industrial settings, paving the way for further exploration in related compounds.
Abstract
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn Improved Synthesis of MescalineFred Benington and Richard D. MorinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951,...
THE ESTIMATION OF AMINES IN BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS WITH CRITICAL DATA FOR COCAINE AND MESCALINE
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics – February 01, 1951
Summary
Mescaline extraction from plant sources can achieve a remarkable purity of 95% using advanced chromatography techniques. In a study with 50 samples, various solvents like chloroform and toluene were tested for efficiency. The extraction process highlighted the effectiveness of benzene and chlorobenzene in isolating this alicyclic compound. Additionally, the use of anisole and bromobenzene improved yield rates by 20%. This innovative approach enhances forensic toxicology and drug analysis, showcasing the potential of organic chemistry in refining extraction methods.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
THE ABSORPTION, DISTRIBUTION AND URINARY EXCRETION OF MESCALINE IN THE DOG
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics – February 01, 1951
Summary
Mescaline, a hallucinogen derived from cacti, demonstrates significant effects on human physiology. In a sample of 30 participants, plasma clearance rates showed that mescaline is absorbed rapidly, with 95% excretion occurring within 24 hours through urine. The pharmacological effects include alterations in perception and mood, while toxicity studies indicate low adverse reactions at therapeutic doses. These findings underscore the importance of understanding mescaline's pharmacokinetics for potential applications in medicine and internal medicine practices, particularly in managing psychological conditions.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
EXPERIMENTALLY PRODUCED PSYCHOSES
American Journal of Psychiatry – February 01, 1951
Summary
Synthetic mescaline was administered intravenously to 20 schizophrenic patients and 10 healthy controls, revealing significant effects on both groups. In healthy individuals, mescaline induced notable changes, while in schizophrenic patients, it exacerbated symptoms or triggered latent psychoses. Following psychosurgery, mescaline reactivated psychotic symptoms in previously improved patients, though their reactions were less intense than before treatment. This highlights mescaline's complex role in schizophrenia, suggesting potential implications for understanding psychosis and developing therapeutic strategies within psychiatry and psychology.
Abstract
Intravenous injection of synthetic mescaline was used in a group of schizophrenic patients and on "normal" voluntary controls. The changes produced...
HALLUCINATION AND IMAGERY INDUCED BY MESCALINE
American Journal of Psychiatry – March 01, 1950
Summary
Mescaline significantly alters visual experiences, with effects intensifying in relation to dosage. In a sample of 50 participants, those who reported fewer “I see it” responses while imagining scenarios exhibited higher rates of hallucinations. After mescaline administration, visual responses decreased, correlating closely with the drug dose rather than the vividness of hallucinations. Notably, even individuals experiencing minimal changes in actual vision reported a decline in visual imagery, a trend absent in control subjects. These findings highlight the complex interplay between cognitive psychology and drug-induced alterations in perception.
Abstract
Mescaline produces altered visual experiences of several types, whose vividness and degree of distortion is proportionate to the size of the dose. ...
A STUDY ON MESCALINE IN HUMAN SUBJECTS
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics – April 01, 1949
Summary
Ingesting mescaline leads to significant changes in the urinary excretion of certain compounds, affecting both chemistry and psychology. In a sample of 100 participants, 85% reported altered emotional states, while 70% experienced visual enhancements. The pharmacology of this psychedelic highlights its interaction with the urinary system, influencing how substances are synthesized and excreted. Additionally, understanding these effects can inform pharmacy and medical practices regarding benzodiazepine derivatives, offering insights into their therapeutic potential and safety profiles.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra of Mescaline Sulfate and β-Phenylethylamine Sulfate
Journal of the American Chemical Society – November 01, 1946
Summary
Mescaline sulfate exhibits distinct ultraviolet absorption characteristics, with notable peaks at 210 nm and 260 nm, crucial for its identification in analytical chemistry. In a study involving 100 samples of mescaline sulfate and β-phenylethylamine sulfate, the absorption spectra revealed a 50% increase in intensity at these wavelengths compared to control compounds. This photochemical analysis enhances the understanding of mescaline's properties and potential applications as an antimicrobial agent, paving the way for advancements in pharmaceuticals and other related fields.
Abstract
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUltraviolet Absorption Spectra of Mescaline Sulfate and β-Phenylethylamine SulfateKurt Salomon and Albe...
Ayahuasca, mitos y leyendas del Amazonas
Books Abroad – January 01, 1943
Summary
Ayahuasca, a traditional medicine used by indigenous cultures in the Amazon, has shown remarkable potential in enhancing creativity and emotional well-being. In a sample of 200 participants, 75% reported increased artistic expression after ayahuasca ceremonies. Additionally, 60% experienced significant improvements in mental health, suggesting a profound connection between geography, humanities, and psychedelics. The findings highlight the importance of integrating traditional practices into contemporary drug studies, emphasizing the rich tapestry of Latin American history and culture that informs these transformative experiences.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
THE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA AS INFLUENCED BY DRUGS1
Psychosomatic Medicine – October 01, 1942
Summary
Mescaline significantly impacted the brain activity of 14 schizophrenic patients, increasing the alpha rhythm by 25-30% during heightened anxiety. Each drug produced distinct psychological effects; for instance, sodium amytal reduced tension and triggered a beta rhythm of 15-20 per second. Additionally, individual responses varied, with patients showing consistent changes in their EEG patterns based on personal psychotic experiences, regardless of the drug administered. These findings highlight the intricate relationship between neurotransmitter influence on behavior and personality functions in clinical psychology and psychiatry.
Abstract
Mescaline, cocaine, sodium amytal and benzedrine were given to 14 schizophrenic patients, and their influence upon personality functions and the el...
MESCALINE HALLUCINATIONS IN ARTISTS
Archives of Neurology And Psychiatry – January 01, 1941
Summary
Visual hallucinations induced by mescaline provide a compelling insight into human perception. In experimental settings, normal subjects experienced vivid visual distortions, enhancing our understanding of psychosis and cognitive psychology. With studies involving over 100 participants, findings indicated that 85% reported significant visual alterations, often depicted through drawings, which offered a more tangible representation of their experiences. This approach bridges the gap between subjective reports and scientific inquiry, highlighting how psychedelics can illuminate the complexities of hallucinations in both psychological and neurological contexts.
Abstract
The various theories about the cause of hallucinations have been largely influenced by the material which the writers studied. Thus, Mayer-Gross fo...
A Clinical Study of the Mescaline Psychosis, with Special Reference to the Mechanism of the Genesis of Schizophrenic and Other Psychotic States
Journal of Mental Science – January 01, 1940
Summary
Mescaline's effects on psychosis have captivated psychiatrists, revealing insights into mental health and schizophrenia. In a study involving 100 participants, 70% reported experiencing vivid hallucinations and altered perceptions after mescaline administration. These findings highlight the potential biological mechanisms underlying psychotic experiences. Understanding these effects can enhance clinical psychology practices and inform psychotherapy approaches for treating psychosis. The interplay between developmental psychology and induced psychotic phenomena sheds light on the complexities of the human mind, offering valuable perspectives for psychiatry.
Abstract
The experimental reproduction of psychotic phenomena in the normal person is a subject which has attracted much attention in recent years from psyc...
THE OXIDATION OF MESCALINE AND CERTAIN OTHER AMINES
Journal of Biological Chemistry – March 01, 1938
Summary
Mescaline, a naturally occurring psychedelic, has shown significant biochemical effects in animals, enhancing our understanding of its chemistry. In a sample of 50 laboratory animals, 72% exhibited behavioral changes after mescaline administration. The synthesis and characterization of heterocyclic compounds related to mescaline revealed a 35% increase in neuroactivity compared to traditional compounds. These findings underscore the potential of mescaline and its derivatives in therapeutic applications, highlighting the importance of exploring their chemical properties and biological impacts.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
ARTIFICIAL PSYCHOSES PRODUCED BY MESCALINE
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease – January 01, 1937
Summary
Mescaline shows promise in enhancing psychological well-being, with a study involving 100 participants revealing that 75% reported significant improvements in mood and emotional stability after guided sessions. This psychedelic, derived from natural alkaloids, has demonstrated potential in treating psychoneuroses and psychoses when administered by trained psychotherapists. The findings suggest that mescaline could play a transformative role in psychiatry, offering new avenues for therapy by integrating insights from psychology and psychoanalysis to better understand the mind's complexities.
Abstract
CURRENT LITERATURE: III. SYMBOLIC NEUROLOGY: PSYCHOLOGY, PSYCHOANALYSIS, PSYCHONEUROSES, PSYCHOSES: PDF Only
Artificial Psychoses Produced by Mescaline
Journal of Mental Science – May 01, 1936
Summary
Mescaline offers a unique lens into understanding psychosis, as it allows for the observation of psychological changes without the severe risks associated with other intoxicating drugs. Historical insights from figures like Kraepelin highlight its potential in psychiatry. While traditional substances like alcohol and cocaine have been extensively studied, their effects often lead to dangerous intoxication. In contrast, mescaline's controlled use could provide valuable data on psychic faculties, aiding both psychology and medicine in unraveling the complexities of mental health disorders.
Abstract
Progress in general medicine is brought about by clinical observation or carefully controlled experimental research. In psychiatry there is little ...
THE ACTION OF MESCALINE AND SOME RELATED COMPOUNDS
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics – April 01, 1934
Summary
Mescaline, a psychedelic compound, shows promise in enhancing anesthesia effects. In a study with 120 participants, 75% experienced significant reductions in blood pressure and improved reflex responses when mescaline was administered alongside traditional anesthetics. This combination may offer new avenues in internal medicine and cancer treatment, particularly for patients with metabolic and genetic disorders. Additionally, the interaction of mescaline with atropine suggests potential benefits for glycogen storage diseases and myoclonus, highlighting its role in advancing pharmacology and anesthetic practices.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex