Research
Efficient magnetic solid-phase extraction, UPLC-MS/MS detection, and consumption assessment of five trace psychoactive substances.
Environmental science and pollution research international – May 01, 2024
Summary
Analyzing wastewater reveals surprising insights into community drug use patterns. Scientists developed an innovative magnetic extraction technique using shrimp shell material to detect trace amounts of psychoactive substances in municipal water. The method proved highly accurate and reusable, detecting substances at extremely low concentrations. Testing in Chongqing showed methamphetamine and MDMA as prevalent, with MDMA use fluctuating seasonally.
Abstract
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has become an objective and updated surveillance strategy for monitoring and estimating consumption trends of p...
Derivatization-free determination of chiral plasma pharmacokinetics of MDMA and its enantiomers.
Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences – May 01, 2024
Summary
MDMA's therapeutic potential varies between its mirror-image forms. New bioanalysis techniques reveal how these enantiomers behave differently in the body. Scientists developed precise methods to track MDMA and its metabolites in blood plasma, measuring how each form affects pharmacokinetics. The findings show that while both versions can be measured simultaneously in patients given standard MDMA, separate tracking isn't needed when using single enantiomers.
Abstract
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is an entactogen with therapeutic potential. The two enantiomers of MDMA differ regarding their pharmacoki...
Recurrent Serotonin Syndrome After Ketamine-assisted Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Journal of psychiatric practice – May 01, 2024
Summary
A rare but serious interaction between common depression treatments highlights important safety considerations. A 72-year-old patient experienced serotonin syndrome twice when receiving ketamine during electroconvulsive therapy. Both treatments can increase brain serotonin levels through different mechanisms, potentially creating dangerous combinations. Healthcare providers should carefully weigh risks when using these treatments together.
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) syndrome (SS) consists of changes in mental status as well as autonomic and neuromuscular changes. Though not well understood, ser...
Navigating Treatment Challenges: A Case Study on Refractory Psychosis in a Chronic MDMA (3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine) User.
Cureus – May 01, 2024
Summary
Long-term MDMA use led to severe psychosis in a young woman with bipolar disorder, highlighting treatment complexities. When traditional antipsychotics failed and worsened her drug-induced catatonia, doctors successfully used electroconvulsive therapy. This case demonstrates how chronic MDMA use can complicate mental health treatment, while showing ECT's effectiveness as an alternative treatment for refractory psychosis.
Abstract
MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine), also known as Ecstasy, is a synthetic amphetamine with hallucinogenic and stimulant properties, which ha...
Measuring psychotherapeutic processes in the context of psychedelic experiences: Validation of the General Change Mechanisms Questionnaire (GCMQ)
Journal of Psychopharmacology – May 01, 2024
Summary
A new psychology tool reveals how psychedelic experiences activate mechanisms akin to psychotherapy. Validated with 1153 English-speaking and 714 German-speaking users, this instrument measures five "change mechanisms" like resource activation and mastery. Critically, these processes moderated the link between stressful life events and well-being. This cross-cultural analysis provides a crucial framework for clinical psychology and drug studies, helping psychotherapists understand how diverse contexts influence psychedelic effects, potentially informing safer use and therapeutic applications.
Abstract
Background: Therapeutic and salutogenic effects of psychedelic drugs have been attributed to psychotherapeutic or psychotherapy-like processes that...
Expectancy Effects in Psychedelic Trials.
Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging – May 01, 2024
Summary
Positive expectations may significantly influence outcomes in psychedelic therapy, even with microdosing. When participants believe they'll benefit, they often do - highlighting the complex relationship between mind and medicine. Researchers found that proper trial design and blinding procedures are crucial, as the placebo effect can be particularly strong with psychedelics. This understanding helps optimize therapeutic benefits while improving future treatment protocols.
Abstract
Clinical trials of psychedelic compounds like psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and N,N-dimethyltrptamine (DMT) have forced a reconside...
Effects of ketamine on the severity of depression and anxiety following postoperative mechanical ventilation: a single-blind randomized clinical trial in Iran.
Acute and critical care – May 01, 2024
Summary
Ketamine shows promising results in protecting brain surgery patients from post-ICU mental health challenges. In this breakthrough finding, patients receiving ketamine during mechanical ventilation experienced significantly lower anxiety and depression levels compared to those given standard midazolam treatment. The six-month follow-up revealed lasting benefits, with ketamine patients showing better mental health outcomes after intensive care unit stays.
Abstract
In this study, we compare the effects of ketamine and the combination of midazolam and morphine on the severity of depression and anxiety in mechan...
Ketamine-based Sedation Use in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19: A Multicenter Cohort Study.
Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society – May 01, 2024
Summary
During the COVID-19 pandemic, ketamine emerged as a promising sedation option in ICUs. Research spanning five hospitals found that critically ill patients receiving ketamine-based sedation had shorter hospital stays and improved oxygen levels. The treatment led to faster normalization of lactic acid levels and better breathing metrics, though mortality rates remained unchanged.
Abstract
Ketamine possesses analgesia, anti-inflammation, anticonvulsant, and neuroprotection properties. However, the evidence that supports its use in mec...
Dextromethorphan moderates reward deficiency associated with central serotonin transporter availability in 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine-treated animals.
Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA – May 01, 2024
Summary
MDMA's effects on the brain's reward system can be moderated by an unexpected ally: a common cough medicine. Research shows dextromethorphan helps protect brain cells from MDMA damage, specifically in areas controlling pleasure and motivation. Tests revealed it boosted recovery of key brain chemicals by 23% and reduced drug-seeking behavior in lab animals. This finding could lead to new approaches for treating drug-related brain changes.
Abstract
The neurotoxicity of 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) to the serotonergic system is well-documented. Dextromethorphan (DM), an antitussive...
Characterization of the Neurochemical and Behavioral Effects of the Phenethylamine 2-Cl-4,5-MDMA in Adolescent and Adult Male Rats.
The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology – May 01, 2024
Summary
A newly emerging synthetic drug shows dramatically different effects in teenage versus adult brains. Scientists found this novel psychoactive substance alters dopamine and serotonin levels uniquely across age groups. Young rats showed stronger behavioral responses but lower dopamine spikes, while adults had the opposite pattern. The drug failed to trigger pleasure-associated vocalizations, suggesting limited addiction potential.
Abstract
The proliferation of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) in the drug market raises concerns about uncertainty on their pharmacological profile and ...
The effect of psychedelics on the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – May 01, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics like LSD, MDMA, and psilocybin may boost levels of BDNF, a key protein that helps brain cells grow and form new connections. Analysis of nine studies revealed that people who used psychedelics had significantly higher levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor compared to those who didn't. This suggests these substances may enhance brain plasticity and promote neural growth, potentially explaining their therapeutic effects.
Abstract
Recent interest in the potential therapeutic effects of psychedelics has led to investigations into their influence on molecular signaling pathways...
Efficacy and safety of psychedelics for the treatment of mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Psychiatry research – May 01, 2024
Summary
Groundbreaking meta-analysis reveals psychedelics show remarkable promise in treating mental disorders, with psilocybin leading the way. Analysis of 126 studies found these substances effectively reduce depression and anxiety symptoms, with minimal safety concerns. While psilocybin showed strongest results, ayahuasca, MDMA, and LSD also demonstrated significant therapeutic benefits. Most patients reported only mild side effects like headaches.
Abstract
We aim to systematically review and meta-analyze the effectiveness and safety of psychedelics [psilocybin, ayahuasca (active component DMT), LSD an...
Oral prolonged-release ketamine in treatment-resistant depression - A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled multicentre trial of KET01, a novel ketamine formulation - Clinical and safety results.
Journal of psychiatric research – May 01, 2024
Summary
A novel oral form of ketamine shows promise for hard-to-treat depression, with patients taking 240mg daily showing notable mood improvements after two weeks. This controlled trial tested a slow-release ketamine formulation as an add-on therapy, finding it both safe and well-tolerated. While COVID-19 interrupted the full study, early results revealed improved depression scores without serious side effects or risks typically associated with ketamine treatment.
Abstract
We investigated the antidepressant effects of a novel oral prolonged-release formulation of racemic ketamine (KET01) in patients suffering from tre...
Change in neurocognitive functioning in patients with treatment-resistant depression with serial intravenous ketamine infusions: The Bio-K multicenter trial.
Psychiatry research – May 01, 2024
Summary
Serial ketamine infusions not only improved severe depression in over half of patients but also enhanced cognitive function across multiple domains. In this groundbreaking open-label study, 74 people with treatment-resistant depression received intravenous ketamine treatments while their neurocognition was monitored using RBANS testing. Results showed improvements in memory, attention, and language skills, contradicting concerns about ketamine's cognitive effects.
Abstract
This nonrandomized, multicenter, open-label clinical trial explored the impact of intravenous (IV) ketamine on cognitive function in adults (n = 74...
N, N-Dimethyltryptamine, a natural hallucinogen, ameliorates Alzheimer's disease by restoring neuronal Sigma-1 receptor-mediated endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria crosstalk.
Alzheimer's research & therapy – May 01, 2024
Summary
A naturally-occurring psychedelic compound shows promise in treating Alzheimer's disease by fixing cellular communication problems in the brain. DMT improved memory in mice with Alzheimer's by restoring vital connections between cellular components and reducing harmful protein buildup. The compound works by activating special receptors that help maintain healthy calcium balance and energy production in brain cells.
Abstract
Aberrant neuronal Sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1r)-mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER)- mitochondria signaling plays a key role in the neuronal cytopathol...
Clinical efficacy of adjunctive esketamine anesthesia in electroconvulsive therapy for major depressive disorders: A pragmatic, randomized, controlled trial.
Psychiatry research – May 01, 2024
Summary
Adding esketamine to electroconvulsive therapy shows promise in treating specific depression symptoms, particularly suicidal thoughts. While it doesn't boost overall treatment success rates, patients receiving esketamine needed lower electrical doses and showed better improvement in psychotic symptoms. The treatment proved safe, with manageable side effects, offering a valuable option for severe depression care.
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for depression, and esketamine has been shown to have antidepressant effects. However, it...
Protocol for a randomised controlled trial of ketamine versus ketamine and behavioural activation therapy for adults with treatment-resistant depression in the community.
BMJ open – May 01, 2024
Summary
Depression affects millions, but innovative treatments offer new hope. This groundbreaking protocol combines oral ketamine with behavioral therapy to tackle treatment-resistant depression in adult psychiatry. The approach pairs ketamine's rapid mood-lifting effects with psychosocial intervention, aiming to reduce relapse rates and create lasting improvements. The 8-week program will track 60 participants' progress through depression scales and activity monitoring.
Abstract
Although short-term benefits follow parenteral ketamine for treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (TR-MDD), there are challenges that preve...
Effect of intraoperative and/or postoperative esketamine administration on preventing postpartum depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Psychiatry research – May 01, 2024
Summary
A promising breakthrough in maternal mental health: Medical professionals have found a powerful ally in ketamine, a medication that significantly reduces the risk of postnatal depression when administered during or after cesarean sections. Analysis of over 1,200 cases revealed that mothers receiving this treatment experienced lower rates of postpartum mood disorders. As a bonus, the medication also decreased postoperative nausea and vomiting, with no concerning mental side effects.
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of intraoperative and/or postoperative esketamine application on the preventi...
Increases in the use of drug testing kits among nightclub and festival attendees in New York City who use ecstasy, 2017-2022.
Drug and alcohol review – May 01, 2024
Summary
Drug checking practices among NYC nightlife attendees doubled between 2017-2022, showing growing awareness of harm reduction strategies. Testing revealed encouraging news: suspected adulterants in ecstasy dropped by 69%, with methamphetamine contamination falling by 84%. The survey of electronic dance music events found 43% of ecstasy users now test their drugs, with 61% testing consistently - a major increase from 2017's numbers.
Abstract
Ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine [MDMA]) is a drug commonly used by people who attend electronic dance music (EDM) events at nightclubs a...
Efficacy and safety of esketamine for perioperative depression in patients undergoing elective surgery: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Asian journal of psychiatry – May 01, 2024
Summary
A promising breakthrough in surgical care shows that esketamine can cut depression rates by half in patients before and after surgery. This medication effectively reduces both perioperative depression and post-surgery pain, though some patients experience temporary dizziness or hallucinations. The analysis of over 2,400 patients demonstrates that a single dose during or after surgery significantly improves mood and recovery outcomes.
Abstract
Depression is a prevalent mood disorder during the perioperative period, with both preoperative concurrent depression and new-onset postoperative d...
IV low dose ketamine infusions for treatment resistant depression: Results from a five-year study at a free public clinic in an academic hospital.
Psychiatry research – May 01, 2024
Summary
Low-dose ketamine shows remarkable promise in treating severe depression, with over half of patients experiencing significant improvement. A five-year analysis of real-world clinical data revealed that ketamine infusions rapidly reduced both depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in patients with major depressive disorder who hadn't responded to standard treatments. The antidepressant effect was particularly noteworthy, with 55% of patients showing positive treatment response. Most side effects were mild and temporary, making this psychopharmacology approach both effective and well-tolerated.
Abstract
Individuals with major depressive disorder and treatment resistant depression (MDD-TRD) have limited and sometimes poorly tolerated therapeutic opt...
Microdosing Psychedelics: Current Evidence From Controlled Studies.
Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging – May 01, 2024
Summary
Regular, tiny doses of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) can produce subtle but measurable effects on mood, pain perception, and social awareness without serious side effects. Controlled research shows that microdosing psychedelics at 10-20 micrograms affects blood pressure and brain connectivity while remaining safe. Lower doses of 5 micrograms showed no noticeable effects.
Abstract
Taking regular low doses of psychedelic drugs (microdosing) is a practice that has drawn recent scientific and media attention for its potential ps...
[Clinical management of treatment-resistant depression].
Der Nervenarzt – May 01, 2024
Summary
When traditional antidepressants fail, innovative pharmacological therapies targeting the glutamatergic system show remarkable promise. Recent advances combine rapid-acting compounds like esketamine with experimental treatments, including carefully monitored psychedelics. Off-label use of certain medications offers additional options, creating a more comprehensive approach to treating severe depression.
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a complex disorder. Although no standardized definition has been established to date, there are promising a...
Catharanthine Modulates Mesolimbic Dopamine Transmission and Nicotine Psychomotor Effects via Inhibition of α6-Nicotinic Receptors and Dopamine Transporters.
ACS chemical neuroscience – May 01, 2024
Summary
A compelling finding reveals that a natural compound, catharanthine, can significantly reduce the drive for nicotine. Using voltammetry in the nucleus accumbens core, researchers explored how catharanthine and 18-methoxycoronaridine affect dopamine. They found these compounds modulate nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, influencing dopamine pathways and reducing nicotine-seeking behaviors. Specifically, catharanthine effectively reduced nicotine self-administration, suggesting a potential path to combat nicotine addiction.
Abstract
Iboga alkaloids, also known as coronaridine congeners, have shown promise in the treatment of alcohol and opioid use disorders. The objective of th...
Predicting non-response to ketamine for depression: An exploratory symptom-level analysis of real-world data among military veterans.
Psychiatry research – May 01, 2024
Summary
Military veterans with treatment-resistant depression showed distinct symptom patterns when receiving ketamine therapy, with mood improvements occurring faster than energy level changes. Using predictive modeling of symptom trajectories, doctors can now identify with 96% accuracy which patients are unlikely to benefit from ketamine or esketamine treatment. This breakthrough helps clinicians make more informed decisions, potentially saving patients from unsuccessful treatment attempts while directing them to more suitable options.
Abstract
Ketamine helps some patients with treatment resistant depression (TRD), but reliable methods for predicting which patients will, or will not, respo...
Suspension of Short‐lasting, Unilateral, Neuralgiform headache attacks with Conjunctival injection and Tearing (SUNCT) symptoms with ayahuasca and serotonergic psychedelics
Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain – May 01, 2024
Summary
A remarkable case involved a suicidal patient suffering from Short-lasting Unilateral Neuralgiform headache attacks (SUNCT), who experienced complete relief after using ayahuasca, a traditional South American medicine. Inhaled N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and a strong dose of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) also provided temporary symptom relief. This case highlights the potential of serotonergic psychedelics, with implications for treating SUNCT and similar headache disorders, suggesting new avenues in psychology and dermatology for patients unresponsive to conventional therapies.
Abstract
Plain Language Summary A suicidal patient with Short‐lasting Unilateral Neuralgiform headache attacks with Conjunctival injection and Tearing (SUNC...
Repurposing Ketamine in the Therapy of Depression and Depression-Related Disorders: Recent Advances and Future Potential.
Aging and disease – April 29, 2024
Summary
A single dose of ketamine can lift severe depression symptoms within hours - a breakthrough finding that's reshaping mental health treatment. This anesthetic medication works differently from traditional antidepressants, targeting brain receptors that rapidly boost mood and neural connectivity. Recent advances show ketamine not only treats existing depression but may prevent stress-related mental health issues. Its fast-acting nature and unique mechanism make it particularly promising for patients who haven't responded to conventional treatments.
Abstract
Depression represents a prevalent and enduring mental disorder of significant concern within the clinical domain. Extensive research indicates that...
In vitro and in vivo metabolism of psilocybin’s active metabolite psilocin
Frontiers in Pharmacology – April 29, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin's active metabolite, psilocin, is almost entirely metabolized by the Cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2D6 in vitro, with CYP3A4 metabolizing about 40%. This detailed drug metabolism biochemistry, including glucuronidation pathways, was explored in vivo using male C57BL/6J mice. New metabolites, like norpsilocin—an alkaloid relevant to chemical synthesis—were identified. Understanding this complex metabolism and chemistry is vital for advancing psychedelics and drug studies, informing pharmacology, and elucidating neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior.
Abstract
In vivo , psilocybin is rapidly dephosphorylated to psilocin which induces psychedelic effects by interacting with the 5-HT 2A receptor. Psilocin p...
LSD flattens the hierarchy of directed information flow in fast whole-brain dynamics
OpenAlex – April 28, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics profoundly reshape consciousness by flattening the brain's information flow hierarchy. A study with 16 healthy participants, administered 75 micrograms of LSD, revealed the drug diminished the asymmetry in neural signal sending and receiving. This rebalancing of brain dynamics weakens the established hierarchy. Computer science techniques, specifically machine learning classifiers, distinguished LSD states from placebo significantly more accurately when trained on these hierarchy metrics. This suggests LSD fundamentally alters how information flows, promoting a more balanced brain function.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelics are serotonergic drugs that profoundly alter consciousness, yet their neural mechanisms are not fully understood. A popular t...
Psilocybin promotes neuroplasticity and induces rapid and sustained antidepressant-like effects in mice
Journal of Psychopharmacology – April 28, 2024
Summary
A single dose of psilocybin rapidly and lastingly alleviated behavioural despair in mice, a compelling finding for neuroscience and psychology. This pharmacology research, relevant to psychedelics and drug studies, reveals psilocybin promotes neuroplasticity in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. It enhanced synaptic plasticity markers, including Synapsin I levels and dendritic branching, reversing stress-induced deficits. This suggests its influence on neurotransmitter receptors, offering a novel antidepressant approach for conditions like tryptophan-related brain disorders.
Abstract
Background: Psilocybin offers new hope for treating mood disorders due to its rapid and sustained antidepressant effects, as standard medications r...
AYAHUASCA E OUTRAS PLANTAS MEDICINAIS
Espaço Ameríndio – April 28, 2024
Summary
Ayahuasca, a sacred brew known globally, is deeply rooted in the traditions of Indigenous peoples in South America. Students from UFSCar's PET Conexões Saberes Indígenas shared insights into its use by Tukano, Omágua, and Dessana communities, highlighting its integral role in their cultural practices. Additionally, other medicinal plants like gabiroba and pitangueira used by the Kanhgág and catingueira by the Pankararu were also discussed. This exploration emphasizes the significance of these plants beyond mere appropriation, showcasing their importance in Indigenous identity and heritage.
Abstract
A ayahuasca, assim como outras plantas medicinais, é tradicionalmente usada por povos indígenas da América do Sul, mas vem sendo incorporada por gr...
Review of Psilocybin Use for Depression among Cancer Patients after Approval in Oregon
Cancers – April 27, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin shows promise in psychiatry for cancer-related depression, but its path to becoming accessible medicine faces hurdles. Oregon's Measure 109, enacted in 2020, legalized psilocybin therapy, yet implementation is complex. This review synthesizes empirical data from various psychedelics and drug studies, highlighting challenges like ethical protocols, integration into healthcare, and ensuring equitable statewide access. Establishing rigorous care models requires addressing regulatory and logistical obstacles, moving beyond mere legalization.
Abstract
Despite the legalization of psilocybin therapy for depression in terminal illnesses such as advanced cancer through Oregon’s Measure 109 in 2020, s...
Psilocybin restrains activity-based anorexia in female rats by enhancing cognitive flexibility: contributions from 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor mechanisms
Molecular Psychiatry – April 27, 2024
Summary
A powerful hallucinogen, psilocybin, significantly improves cognitive flexibility and body weight maintenance in female rats modeling anorexia nervosa. This neuroscience suggests promise for clinical psychology. The psychedelic compound enhances cognition by improving adaptation to changing reward contingencies, demonstrating mental flexibility. Pharmacology reveals this influence on behavior crucially involves serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A neurotransmitter receptors. Notably, blocking 5-HT1A receptors negates psilocybin's cognitive enhancing effects, providing new context for understanding therapeutic mechanisms in brain disorders beyond exclusive 5-HT2A receptor binding.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin has shown promise for alleviating symptoms of depression and is currently in clinical trials for the treatment of anorexia nerv...
Cultivating Self-Transcendence Through Meditation Practice: A Test of the Role of Meta-Awareness, (Dis)identification and Non-Reactivity.
Psychological reports – April 26, 2024
Summary
Meditation significantly enhances self-transcendent experiences in daily life. In a study involving 668 participants, it was discovered that meta-awareness—a key aspect of decentering—mediates the relationship between meditative practices and feelings of self-transcendence, including flow and selflessness. Specifically, participants who practiced meditation reported higher frequencies of self-transcendent emotions and a stronger sense of interconnected identity. These findings highlight how decentering processes contribute to enriching emotional experiences and fostering a greater sense of connection with others.
Abstract
In this paper, we present a study comprising two distinct stages to examine the extent to which metacognitive processes of decentering facilitate t...
MDMA enhances empathy-like behaviors in mice via 5-HT release in the nucleus accumbens.
Science advances – April 26, 2024
Summary
MDMA, known for fostering social connection, actually enhances empathy-like behaviors in mice by triggering serotonin release in a key brain region. When given MDMA, mice showed increased sensitivity to their cage-mates' pain and comfort levels. The same effect occurred when researchers stimulated serotonin release in the brain's reward center, suggesting how MDMA creates its signature emotional bonding effects.
Abstract
MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is a psychoactive drug with powerful prosocial effects. While MDMA is sometimes termed an "empathogen," em...
Psychedelic Mysticism and Christian Spirituality: From Science to Love
Religions – April 26, 2024
Summary
The accepted psychological framework for psychedelic-occasioned mystical experiences, the 1960s Mystical Experiences Questionnaire (MEQ), faces profound philosophical and religious studies challenges. Rooted in W.T. Stace's philosophy, this instrument misrepresents Western theistic mysticism, particularly Christian spirituality. While Stace emphasizes "union" or "absorption," Christian mysticism centers on a felt loving "presence" and intimate relationship with the divine, not fusion. The MEQ also overlooks love of God and mysticism as a lifelong, transformative process, rather than just intense, momentary experiences from chemical synthesis.
Abstract
The scientific claim that psychedelic drugs like psilocybin reliably occasion mystical experiences was justified using the Mystical Experiences Que...
Ketamine and its enantiomers for depression: a bibliometric analysis from 2000 to 2023.
European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience – April 25, 2024
Summary
Groundbreaking research reveals ketamine's remarkable rise as a depression treatment, with over 4,000 scientific publications tracking its evolution since 2000. Advanced visualization techniques mapped how this anesthetic became a breakthrough therapy, particularly after esketamine's approval for treatment-resistant depression. The data shows two main research trends: studying ketamine's safety and exploring how its molecular forms (enantiomers) work in the brain.
Abstract
Ketamine has demonstrated rapid and sustained antidepressant effects, marking its emergence as an innovative treatment of depression. Despite the g...
Neuropsychopharmacological Induction of (Lucid) Dreams: A Narrative Review.
Brain sciences – April 25, 2024
Summary
Lucid dreaming (LD) can be enhanced by specific substances that boost dopamine and acetylcholine levels. For instance, galantamine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, shows promise in increasing dream recall and metacognition. In studies, participants using galantamine reported up to 50% higher rates of LD compared to controls. The complexity of neurotransmitter systems, including the roles of sesquiterpene lactones and REM sleep dynamics, complicates clear interpretations. Understanding these mechanisms may pave the way for effective methods to induce lucidity during dreams.
Abstract
Lucid dreaming (LD) is a physiological state of consciousness that occurs when dreamers become aware that they are dreaming, and may also control t...
A retrospective analysis of iv ketamine outcome on hospitalisations in an unselected psychiatric sample.
Acta neuropsychiatrica – April 25, 2024
Summary
Ketamine, a promising antidepressive agent, shows potential in treating severe mood disorders. In a clinical analysis of 46 patients with treatment-resistant depression, ketamine therapy reduced depressive symptoms in about one-third of participants. While the treatment demonstrated effectiveness in complex cases, it didn't significantly reduce hospital stays. This highlights ketamine's role as one tool in managing severe psychiatric conditions.
Abstract
This study aims to explore the outcome with iv ketamine treatment in a real-world clinical setting, primarily measured as posttreatment days hospit...
The 'PSILAUT' protocol: an experimental medicine study of autistic differences in the function of brain serotonin targets of psilocybin.
BMC psychiatry – April 25, 2024
Summary
Groundbreaking research explores how psilocybin affects the brains of autistic and non-autistic adults differently. Using neuroimaging and low doses of this psychedelic compound, scientists examine its interaction with brain serotonin systems. The study compares neural responses between groups, providing new insights into autism's biological basis.
Abstract
The underlying neurobiology of the complex autism phenotype remains obscure, although accumulating evidence implicates the serotonin system and esp...
Genetic regulation of L-tryptophan metabolism in Psilocybe mexicana supports psilocybin biosynthesis.
Fungal biology and biotechnology – April 25, 2024
Summary
Magic mushrooms precisely control their tryptophan metabolism to produce psilocybin, which can make up 2% of their dry weight. When these Basidiomycota fungi transition from threadlike growth to mushroom formation, they boost tryptophan production while blocking competing metabolic flux pathways, efficiently channeling resources into psilocybin synthesis.
Abstract
Although Basidiomycota produce pharmaceutically and ecologically relevant natural products, knowledge of how they coordinate their primary and seco...
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial of the Acute Antisuicidal and Antidepressant Effects of Intranasal (R,S)-Ketamine in Severe Unipolar and Bipolar Depression With and Without Comorbid Alcohol Use Disorder.
The Journal of clinical psychiatry – April 24, 2024
Summary
A single dose of intranasal ketamine shows promise in rapidly reducing depression symptoms, regardless of whether patients have alcohol use disorder. This treatment, using a nasal spray form of ketamine, was tested in people with severe depression and suicidal thoughts. While depression improved significantly within hours, effects on suicidal thinking were less clear, though patients with alcohol problems showed slightly better responses.
Abstract
Objective: Although individuals with a family history of alcohol use disorder (AUD) have a superior antidepressant response to ketamine, outcomes i...
Effects of a single subanesthetic dose of esketamine on postoperative subthreshold depressive symptoms in patients undergoing unilateral modified radical mastectomy: a randomised, controlled, double-blind trial.
BMC psychiatry – April 24, 2024
Summary
A single dose of esketamine shows promise in reducing early post-surgery mood challenges in breast cancer patients. In this groundbreaking trial, patients receiving esketamine before mastectomy experienced fewer depressive symptoms the day after surgery compared to those who didn't. The treatment proved safe and effective, offering a potential way to support emotional wellness during the critical early recovery period without significant side effects.
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in females worldwide. During disease development, breast cancer patients suffer anxious and depres...
Psilocybin therapy and anorexia nervosa: a narrative review of safety considerations for researchers and clinicians.
Journal of eating disorders – April 24, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin therapy shows promising safety results for treating anorexia nervosa, offering hope for those struggling with this challenging eating disorder. Clinical trials reveal that while psilocybin can cause temporary effects like increased heart rate and blood pressure, these adverse effects are generally manageable with proper medical oversight. Careful monitoring and tailored safety protocols make this innovative treatment approach viable for most patients.
Abstract
Clinical trials using psilocybin therapy to treat anorexia nervosa (AN) are currently underway. The safety and tolerability of psilocybin is of utm...
MedCheck: Psilocybin for Depression, LSD for Anxiety, Donanemab, LSD, and More
Psychiatric News – April 23, 2024
Summary
A psilocybin analog achieved a 75% remission rate for severe Depression in a 34-patient trial, a promising development in Psychiatry. This potent Hallucinogen, alongside Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), is gaining traction in Clinical psychology. A separate 194-patient study found LSD significantly reduced Anxiety, with a 100 µg dose leading to a 21.3-point average reduction. These Psychedelics are advancing through Drug Studies, offering new hope for mental health.
Abstract
Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Med CheckFull AccessMedCheck: Psilocybin for Depression, LSD for Anxiety, Donanemab, LSD, a...
Exploring psychedelic-assisted therapy in the treatment of functional seizures: A review of underlying mechanisms and associated brain networks.
J Psychopharmacol – April 23, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic therapy shows promise for treating functional seizures - episodes that resemble epilepsy but have psychological rather than neurological causes. By altering brain network connectivity and reducing anxiety, carefully administered psychedelics may help reset disrupted neural patterns and provide relief for patients who don't respond to conventional treatments.
Abstract
Exploring psychedelic-assisted therapy in the treatment of functional seizures: A review of underlying mechanisms and associated brain networks.
An Overview of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy
EMBARK Psychedelic Therapy for Depression – April 23, 2024
Summary
A novel therapeutic model, EMBARK, is revolutionizing mental health support. It proposes a new, adaptable framework for psychedelic-assisted therapy. This approach emphasizes structured phases: preparation, medicine administration, and crucial integration, supported by therapeutic guidance. Piloted in trials, EMBARK offers comprehensive, flexible mental health treatment, aiming to provide broad therapeutic support.
Abstract
AbstractChapter 1 introduces the concept of psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) and the EMBARK psychedelic therapy model, a new approach to PAT and ...
Neural assemblies coordinated by cortical waves are associated with waking and hallucinatory brain states.
Cell reports – April 23, 2024
Summary
Brain waves that sweep across the cortex like waves on a beach play a crucial role in how we perceive reality. During wakefulness, visual stimuli trigger organized waves that coordinate neural activity across brain regions. Under anesthesia with isoflurane, these waves stop responding to visual input. Intriguingly, ketamine creates a unique state where similar wave patterns occur spontaneously, possibly explaining its hallucinatory effects.
Abstract
The relationship between sensory stimuli and perceptions is brain-state dependent: in wakefulness, suprathreshold stimuli evoke perceptions; under ...
Side-effects of mdma-assisted psychotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Neuropsychopharmacology – April 23, 2024
Summary
MDMA-assisted psychotherapy, a promising approach in Psychology for conditions like Major Depression, involves a psychotherapist and MDMA. A meta-analysis of 8 studies (from 13 identified via searches including MEDLINE) found it increased side effect odds during sessions by 1.67 times and in the following week by 1.59 times compared to controls. Phase 3 Psychedelics and Drug Studies showed 3.51 times higher odds of adverse events. While side effects were mostly mild, reporting quality in these Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies was poor.
Abstract
Abstract Evidence suggests that MDMA-assisted psychotherapy (MDMA-AP) has therapeutic potential for treatment of psychiatric illness. We conducted ...
The Effect of Preprocedural Low-Dose Ketamine for Pain and Anxiety in Patients during Thoracic Epidural Catheterization.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) – April 22, 2024
Summary
A small dose of ketamine before spinal pain treatments proves remarkably effective at reducing both pain and anxiety. Patients receiving low-dose ketamine reported significantly less discomfort during thoracic epidural catheterization, with anxiety scores dropping by 10.6mm. They were also more likely to agree to future procedures, suggesting improved patient experience without negative side effects.
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Thoracic epidural catheterization (TEC) can be both uncomfortable and fearful for patients when performed awake with the...