Research
The potential of 5‐methoxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine in the treatment of alcohol use disorder: A first look at therapeutic mechanisms of action
Addiction Biology – April 01, 2024
Summary
A compelling finding in Psychedelics and Drug Studies points to 5-MeO-DMT as a rapid-acting medicine for Alcohol use disorder. Unlike psilocybin or LSD, which demand 4–12 hours of psychotherapist time, 5-MeO-DMT's swift action could revolutionize psychiatry. Its pharmacology appears to induce profound psychological shifts and influences neurotransmitter receptors, impacting behavior. This action may alleviate AUD symptoms and mood comorbidities. In the broader context of drug studies, including Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, this short-acting psychedelic offers a promising new direction for alcohol treatment.
Abstract
Abstract Alcohol use disorder (AUD) remains one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders worldwide with high economic costs. Current treatment o...
Improving Access to Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy: Barriers, Challenges, and Recommendations
European Psychiatry – April 01, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin-assisted therapy holds immense promise for terminally ill patients, yet access is severely restricted. A case study reveals significant barriers, including complex applications, financial hurdles, and systemic inequities. Strict regulatory controls hinder trained psychotherapists and delay access to this vital psychology-based care, causing profound moral distress. Advocates are calling for streamlined systems, expanded coverage, and legislative changes to ensure more individuals can benefit from these advances in Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
Introduction Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has demonstrated significant potential in alleviating anxiety, depression, and psychological distres...
Very Low-Dose Sublingual Ketamine for Borderline Personality Disorder and Treatment-Resistant Depression.
Cureus – April 01, 2024
Summary
A groundbreaking treatment approach using low dose ketamine shows remarkable promise for patients struggling with both borderline personality disorder (BPD) and treatment resistant depression (TRD). By targeting glutamate dysregulation and enhancing neuroplasticity through AMPA receptor activation, sublingual ketamine helped improve mood and emotional stability. The treatment increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor, leading to significant symptom reduction and better quality of life.
Abstract
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) are common mental disorders that are challenging to treat. Ketamine ...
Psychotherapeutisches Setting und Integration bei psychedelikaassistierter Therapie
Nervenheilkunde – April 01, 2024
Summary
Unlocking the full therapeutic potential of psychedelics in Medicine and Psychology critically depends on integrating profound experiences into daily life. While drug studies, exemplified by a clinical trial (NCT04670081) exploring psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression, advance natural compound pharmacology, the crucial integration process remains scientifically under-examined. Developing evidence-based protocols for this essential step is paramount. This will maximize the safety and long-term efficacy of these novel treatments, establishing a vital focus for diverse academic research themes in mental healthcare.
Abstract
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Gegenstand und Ziel Der vorliegende Artikel beschäftigt sich mit der Behandlung von psychischen Erkrankungen mit psychedelischen Su...
Depressionen: Remission durch Psilocybin bei laufender SSRI-Therapie
Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie – April 01, 2024
Summary
A groundbreaking finding in Psychedelics and Drug Studies suggests Psilocybin can enhance existing antidepressant therapy for Treatment of Major Depression. Traditionally, patients discontinue antidepressants before Psilocybin administration due to concerns about altered psychedelic effects. However, new Medicine research indicates Psilocybin positively complements SSRI treatment, rather than being hindered by it. This opens new avenues in Psychology and Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, potentially improving outcomes for those struggling with depression without requiring medication cessation.
Abstract
Psilocybin ist ein Indolalkaloid aus der Gruppe der Tryptamine und wird zur Behandlung behandlungsresistenter Depressionen (TRD) untersucht. Da die...
A Cohort Based Case Series: Learnings from an Iterative Group Therapy Model to Support Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Patients with a Terminal Diagnosis
European Psychiatry – April 01, 2024
Summary
A new group psychotherapy model successfully helped 21 of 25 participants (84%) facing terminal health conditions. This novel approach delivered psilocybin, an alkaloid used in medicine, within four iterative cohorts over a year. Combining six to eight weekly group sessions with one psilocybin experience, participants reported gaining perspective and peace. The virtual community, guided by a psychotherapist, proved crucial for connection. This series of drug studies demonstrates the potential for safe, accessible group psychedelics.
Abstract
Introduction While much is known about psilocybin-assisted therapy for individuals, little is known about the experience of participants in a group...
Older Adults in Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy Trials: A Systematic Review
European Psychiatry – April 01, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy appears safe for older adults, with no serious adverse events reported in initial data. A systematic review of 36 drug studies, involving 1,400 patients, found only 19 (less than 1.4%) were 65 or older. Detailed safety data for 10 older adults reported only transient mild anxiety or hypertension during sessions. This suggests these compounds, often products of chemical synthesis or alkaloids, are well-tolerated in Medicine and Psychology, offering psychotherapists a potential path to address mental health conditions and influence well-being.
Abstract
Introduction Growing clinical interest in psychedelic-assisted therapies has led to a second wave of research involving psilocybin, LSD, MDMA and o...
From Wheelchair Bound to Working: A Case Study of Intravenous Ketamine Infusions in Treating Stiff Person Syndrome.
Cureus – April 01, 2024
Summary
A wheelchair-bound patient with severe muscle spasms regained mobility and returned to work after receiving intravenous ketamine treatments. The therapy proved effective for managing chronic pain and muscle rigidity in stiff person syndrome, a rare autoimmune disorder. Monthly ketamine infusions allowed the patient to reduce other medications and maintain long-term pain relief, demonstrating a promising treatment option for those resistant to conventional therapies.
Abstract
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) is a rare autoimmune condition marked by extremely painful muscle spasms, stiffness, and rigidity throughout the body. ...
A meta-analysis of mindfulness-based interventions for improving mental health and burden among caregivers of persons living with dementia.
Worldviews on evidence-based nursing – April 01, 2024
Summary
Mindfulness-based interventions significantly reduce stress and anxiety in caregivers of individuals with dementia, according to a meta-analysis of 13 randomized trials. The findings reveal that interventions lasting eight weeks or more effectively lower depressive symptoms among caregivers. While these therapies show promise for enhancing mental well-being, they do not significantly alleviate caregiver burden or depression immediately after the intervention. This suggests mindfulness practices can be valuable tools for supporting caregivers, warranting further exploration into their long-term benefits and optimal implementation strategies.
Abstract
Mindfulness-based interventions are becoming increasingly popular and are effective in lowering depressive symptoms and caregiver burden. However, ...
[Video-Based Online Metta-Meditation Therapy for Depression: A Pilot Trial Evaluating the Acceptability and Feasibility].
Verhaltenstherapie – April 01, 2024
Summary
Video-based therapy using Metta meditation shows promising potential for treating depression, with eight participants reporting high acceptance levels. The program facilitated a strong therapeutic relationship and effectively taught meditation techniques, creating a focused environment. Participants expressed good feasibility of the intervention, highlighting its practicality during the Covid-19 pandemic. This approach not only fosters kindness towards oneself and others but also suggests that video-based interventions can be a valuable tool in mental health care, especially for those struggling with depressive disorders.
Abstract
In the course of the Covid-19 pandemic, it has become clear what relevance non-contact psychotherapeutic online interventions in mental health care...
Hanscarl Leuner und die Grundlagen der Psycholytischen Therapie
Nervenheilkunde – April 01, 2024
Summary
Hanscarl Leuner pioneered Psycholytic Therapy, a distinct European approach using low-dose hallucinogens like LSD to gently loosen psychological defenses. Unlike high-dose psychedelic experiences, this method involves 5-25 substance applications integrated into long-term psychotherapy. The aim is to access unconscious conflicts and deeper "soul content," a concept resonating with psychoanalytic thought and philosophical inquiries into the mind. This medical application of psychedelics offers a unique perspective within drug studies, exploring consciousness beyond conventional mental health interventions.
Abstract
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Hanscarl Leuner (1919–1996) gilt aufgrund seines wissenschaftlichen und organisatorischen Engagements als die zentrale Figur der Ps...
Psychedelic-assisted Therapy Training: Firsthand Experience of Non-Ordinary States of Consciousness in the Development of Competence
European Psychiatry – April 01, 2024
Summary
Personal experience with altered states of consciousness proves vital for therapists training in psychedelic-assisted therapy. Research shows practitioners who undergo supervised psychedelic sessions develop greater empathy, confidence, and competence in guiding others. This firsthand exposure helps therapists better understand patient experiences and avoid common pitfalls, while supporting their own wellbeing and preventing burnout.
Abstract
Introduction This review explores the benefits of incorporating personal experience(s) with non-ordinary states of consciousness as a core componen...
EEG changes induced by meditative practices: State and trait effects in healthy subjects and in patients with epilepsy.
Revue neurologique – April 01, 2024
Summary
Meditation significantly alters brain activity, as evidenced by electroencephalography (EEG) changes in both experienced and novice practitioners. In patients with epilepsy, where anxiety and depression are common, standardized meditation programs have shown promise, improving psychological well-being for up to 70% of participants. Additionally, a mindfulness self-compassion practice is being evaluated for its effects on seizure activity, with early findings indicating potential benefits. These insights highlight meditation's role as a complementary therapy in managing both mental health and neurological conditions.
Abstract
The effect of meditation on brain activity has been the topic of many studies in healthy subjects and in patients suffering from chronic diseases. ...
Acute Dissociation and Ketamine's Antidepressant and Anti-Suicidal Ideation Effects in a Midazolam-Controlled Trial.
The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology – April 01, 2024
Summary
New findings challenge common assumptions about ketamine's effects: its dissociative side effects aren't linked to its powerful antidepressant benefits. Higher levels of ketamine's metabolite in the blood actually predicted fewer dissociative symptoms. This suggests the drug's ability to rapidly reduce depression and suicidal thoughts works through separate mechanisms from its temporary dissociative effects.
Abstract
We sought to explore relationships of acute dissociative effects of intravenous ketamine with change in depression and suicidal ideation and with p...
300 Psilocybin-induced changes in neural reactivity to alcohol and emotional cues in patients with alcohol use disorder: An fMRI pilot study
Journal of Clinical and Translational Science – April 01, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin profoundly rewired brain responses to alcohol and emotional cues in patients with Alcohol Use Disorder. A pilot neuroscience study of 11 adults revealed that a single 25mg dose of this hallucinogen increased activity in brain regions associated with goal-directed action and emotional regulation, such as the prefrontal cortex. Simultaneously, functional connectivity analysis showed decreased activity in areas linked to craving. This psychological shift, observed in 5 psilocybin recipients versus 6 placebo patients, suggests psilocybin could diminish cue reactivity, offering a promising avenue for psychiatry and clinical psychology in treating alcohol addiction.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/GOALS: This pilot study investigated psilocybin-induced changes in neural reactivity to alcohol and emotional cues in patients with alco...
The psychedelic call: analysis of Australian Poisons Information Centre calls associated with classic psychedelics.
Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) – April 01, 2024
Summary
Calls to poison control centers about psychedelics doubled in Australia from 2014-2022, reflecting growing public interest in substances like LSD and psilocybin. Analysis of 737 cases revealed most incidents involved young men using LSD or psilocybin mushrooms. While hallucinations and stomach issues were common, serious complications were rare. DMT, ayahuasca, mescaline, and ibogaine cases were minimal, suggesting limited use.
Abstract
The global use of certain classical psychedelics has increased in recent years, but little is known about their spectrum of toxicity within Austral...
Feasibility of a mindfulness app in parents of a child with medical complexity: A pilot study.
Applied nursing research : ANR – April 01, 2024
Summary
A mindfulness app significantly reduced depressive symptoms in parents of children with medical complexities. In a pilot study involving eight mothers, participants used the app for four weeks, completing questionnaires before and after. Results indicated that 75% of participants experienced decreased depression, while family functioning improved among those using the app. This suggests that integrating mindfulness practices into the lives of these parents is not only feasible but also beneficial in managing stress and enhancing family dynamics amidst challenging circumstances.
Abstract
The prevalence of pediatric chronic conditions is increasing rapidly. Parents of a child with medical complexity (CMC) experience stress, depressio...
Spectroscopic behavior of bufotenine and bufotenine N-oxide: Solvent and pH effects and interaction with biomembrane models.
Biochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes – April 01, 2024
Summary
Bufotenine, a psychedelic compound, dramatically alters its fluorescence and absorption spectra with changes in pH and solvent, revealing key biochemistry. Using uv/visible spectroscopy and fluorometry, we observed both bufotenine and its N-oxide interact with biomembrane models. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed distinct spectral shifts, indicating strong membrane interactions with pre-micellar structures and micelles. Importantly, these molecules engage with liposomes without disrupting lipid bilayer fluidity. This understanding of their spectroscopic behavior and membrane interactions is vital for developing new drugs or psychiatric disorder markers.
Abstract
Bufotenine is a fluorescent analog of Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) that has been widely studied due to its psychedelic properties and biological activi...
Cortical thickness of the posterior cingulate cortex is associated with the ketamine-induced altered sense of self: An ultra-high field MRI study.
Journal of psychiatric research – April 01, 2024
Summary
An intriguing finding reveals that thinner cortical regions in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) correlate with stronger feelings of disembodiment during ketamine treatment. In a study with 35 healthy male participants, a significant negative correlation (R = -0.54) was observed between PCC thickness and disembodiment scores. While the PCC plays a crucial role in the altered sense of self linked to ketamine's effects, no such association was found with the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex, underscoring the unique mechanisms at play.
Abstract
Subanesthetic doses of ketamine induce an antidepressant effect within hours in individuals with treatment-resistant depression while it furthermor...
The effects of prophylactic use of esketamine on postoperative depression and quality of life: a meta-analysis.
Minerva anestesiologica – April 01, 2024
Summary
A promising breakthrough in surgical recovery: prophylactic esketamine significantly reduces post-surgery depression by 63% and improves quality of life. Analysis of 1,447 patients shows the medication effectively alleviates anxiety, chronic pain, and sleep problems when administered before surgery, offering a proactive approach to mental health management in surgical care.
Abstract
The aim of this systemic review and meta-analysis was to assess the impact of prophylactic use of esketamine on postoperative depression and qualit...
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) impairs cognitive function during withdrawal via activation of the arachidonic acid cascade in the hippocampus.
Drug and alcohol dependence – April 01, 2024
Summary
MDMA's memory-impairing effects during withdrawal may be preventable, according to breakthrough research. Scientists found that the drug triggers a specific biochemical cascade in the hippocampus, leading to cognitive decline. However, when combined with anti-inflammatory drugs that block cyclooxygenase, memory problems were significantly reduced in lab tests using novel object recognition tasks.
Abstract
The recreational drug ±3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; also known as "ecstasy") has unusual subjective prosocial and empathogenic effects,...
A comparison between psilocybin and esketamine in treatment-resistant depression using number needed to treat (NNT): A systematic review.
Journal of affective disorders – April 01, 2024
Summary
Both psilocybin and esketamine show promising results for people who don't respond to traditional antidepressants. Analysis reveals that for every 5 patients treated with psilocybin and 7 with esketamine, one patient achieves significant improvement. While both treatments can cause mild side effects like nausea, their effectiveness in treatment-resistant depression marks a breakthrough in mental health care.
Abstract
Inadequate outcomes with monoamine-based treatments in depressive disorders are common and provide the impetus for mechanistically-novel treatments...
Effects of perioperative intravenous lidocaine and esketamine on the quality of recovery and emotional state of patients after thyroidectomy: A randomised, double-blind, controlled trial.
Indian journal of anaesthesia – April 01, 2024
Summary
Pain management breakthrough: Two common medications show promising results in improving both physical recovery and emotional wellbeing after thyroid surgery. Patients receiving lidocaine or esketamine during surgery reported better quality of recovery, lower anxiety and depression scores, and reduced pain compared to those receiving standard care. These medications offer a dual benefit of enhanced healing and improved emotional state.
Abstract
Perioperative intravenous (IV) infusions of lidocaine and esketamine reduce postoperative pain, but there are few studies on the quality of recover...
Für ein besseres Verständnis anhaltender Wahrnehmungsstörungen nach der Einnahme klassischer Psychedelika
Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie – April 01, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics like psilocybin and LSD are gaining attention for their potential therapeutic benefits in treating mental health disorders. Clinical trials suggest they may effectively address treatment-resistant depression, addiction, anxiety disorders, and existential distress in terminal illnesses, with some studies showing improvement rates exceeding 60%. However, while promising, these substances carry unique risks due to their distinct effects on the central nervous system and human psyche. Understanding their complex biological profiles is crucial for safe integration into gynecology and medicine.
Abstract
Klassische Psychedelika wie Psilocybin, Lysergsäurediethylamid (LSD), Ayahuasca oder 5-Methoxy-Dimethyltryptamin (5-MeO-DMT) stehen wieder vermehrt...
Peak experiences during insight mindfulness meditation retreats and their salutary and adverse impact: A prospective matched-controlled intervention study.
Journal of consulting and clinical psychology – April 01, 2024
Summary
Intensive mindfulness meditation retreats lead to primarily pleasant peak experiences, significantly more so than in matched controls. Among 96 retreat participants, 17 distinct positive experiences, like deep peace and "aha!" moments, were reported more frequently compared to 47 controls. At a two-week follow-up, the perceived impact of these experiences was overwhelmingly beneficial, with a large effect size (Cohen's d = 1.61). Contrary to some past claims, unpleasant experiences during meditation were rare and generally had a positive rather than negative impact.
Abstract
We sought to address a growing debate regarding the adverse and salutary impact of unusual, extraordinary or intense subjective experiences during ...
Greater subjective effects of a low dose of LSD in participants with depressed mood.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology – April 01, 2024
Summary
A low dose of LSD produced stronger positive effects in people with depressive symptoms compared to non-depressed individuals. In this placebo-controlled trial, participants received either a micro-dose of LSD or placebo. Those with higher depression scores reported greater improvements in mood, energy, and emotional well-being. The benefits persisted two days after treatment, suggesting therapeutic potential for low-dose psychedelics in mood enhancement.
Abstract
Recent studies and anecdotal reports suggest that psychedelics can improve mood states, even at low doses. However, few placebo-controlled studies ...
Current situation regarding psychedelics and magic mushroom in Korea
European Psychiatry – April 01, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic mushrooms show promise for treating severe depression and anxiety, sparking debate. Globally, 114 Psilocybe species exist, yet only four specific wild hallucinogenic mushrooms are found in Korea. These "magic mushrooms" cause temporary effects lasting 2-4 hours. While Food Quality and Safety Studies note other mushroom poisonings, abuse of these specific plant forms is rare. Psychology explores their therapeutic potential, while Ecology and Conservation Studies track their distribution, though strict regulations persist.
Abstract
Introduction Recently, the pros and cons have been debating in Korea even before the approval of use of medical marijuana with very strict limitati...
Ketamine Infusion in a Resistant Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Patient in Bangladesh with Severe Suicidal Ideation: A Case Report.
Cureus – April 01, 2024
Summary
A groundbreaking treatment shows promise for severe OCD: Ketamine infusions helped a patient with resistant OCD overcome intense obsessions, compulsions, and suicidal thoughts. Weekly treatments over three weeks dramatically reduced symptoms, measured by multiple clinical scales. The patient showed lasting improvement in depression and anxiety, with benefits continuing through 12-week follow-up.
Abstract
Treatment of resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) typically results in insufficient symptom alleviation, and even long-term medication oft...
Psilocybin analog 4-OH-DiPT enhances fear extinction and GABAergic inhibition of principal neurons in the basolateral amygdala.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology – April 01, 2024
Summary
A newly studied compound related to psilocybin shows promise in reducing fear responses through brain chemistry changes. This fast-acting substance enhances the brain's natural calming signals in the amygdala, a key fear-processing region. Tests revealed particularly strong benefits in female subjects, improving their ability to overcome fear responses and anxiety-like behaviors. The compound works by boosting inhibitory signals that help quiet overactive fear circuits.
Abstract
Psychedelics such as psilocybin show great promise for the treatment of depression and PTSD, but their long duration of action poses practical limi...
Intravenous S-ketamine's analgesic efficacy in third molar surgery. A randomized placebo-controlled double-blind clinical trial.
British journal of pain – April 01, 2024
Summary
Intravenous S-ketamine shows promise in managing postoperative pain after oral surgery, offering an alternative to traditional opioid painkillers. In this pain management study, researchers tested two different doses of S-ketamine against a placebo during wisdom tooth removal. Patients receiving the higher dose experienced significantly less pain during the first 24 hours after surgery and waited longer before needing additional pain medication. This suggests S-ketamine could be an effective option for postoperative pain control while avoiding opioid-related concerns.
Abstract
In most cases, a combination of paracetamol and ibuprofen are the optimal treatment for postoperative pain in third molar surgery. If stronger anal...
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met and CYP2B6 polymorphisms as predictors for ketamine effectiveness in patients with treatment-resistant depression.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – April 01, 2024
Summary
Genetic markers may hold clues to antidepressant success, but new research shows two commonly studied genes don't predict ketamine's effectiveness in treating major depressive disorder. While 25% of patients with treatment-resistant depression responded positively to ketamine therapy, variations in Val66Met and CYP2B6 genes didn't influence treatment outcomes or tolerability. The findings suggest multiple genetic factors likely determine pharmacogenetic responses.
Abstract
Converging lines of evidence indicate that ketamine is a rapid antidepressant for individuals with treatment-resistant depression. Hitherto, no rel...
NMDA receptor modulation by Esculetin: Investigating behavioral, biochemical and neurochemical effects in schizophrenic mice model.
Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society – April 01, 2024
Summary
A natural compound found in plants shows promise in treating schizophrenia. Esculetin, derived from certain herbs, effectively reduced symptoms in mice by targeting brain inflammation and chemical imbalances. The compound protected against oxidative stress and boosted BDNF, a crucial protein for brain health, while counteracting ketamine-induced symptoms. This natural approach could offer a gentler alternative to current treatments.
Abstract
Schizophrenia, a global mental health disorder affecting approximately 1 % of the population, is characterized by neurotransmitter dysregulation, p...
Low-dose ketamine safely reduces acute pain in the ED with a more rapid and shorter effect than morphine.
Annals of internal medicine – April 01, 2024
Summary
A breakthrough in pain management shows ketamine offers faster relief than traditional morphine in emergency settings. This analysis of 15 clinical trials found that low doses of ketamine not only worked more quickly but also provided effective pain control with a shorter duration of action. While both medications successfully reduced pain, ketamine patients reported relief within minutes rather than the longer wait typical with morphine. The findings suggest ketamine is a safe, efficient alternative for acute pain treatment in emergency care.
Abstract
Guo J, Zhao F, Bian J, et al. Low-dose ketamine versus morphine in the treatment of acute pain in the emergency department: a meta-analysis of 15 r...
Potentiation of antidepressant effects: NPY1R agonist and ketamine synergy enhances TrkB signaling and neurogenesis in the ventral hippocampus.
Expert opinion on therapeutic targets – April 01, 2024
Summary
A breakthrough in antidepressant therapy shows that combining ketamine with a novel compound amplifies mood-lifting effects. Scientists found that pairing ketamine with an NPY1R agonist triggers enhanced brain cell growth in the ventral hippocampus. The combination boosts Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor levels and promotes neurogenesis more effectively than either treatment alone.
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) poses a significant challenge to global health, with current treatments often limited by efficacy and onset delays....
Longitudinal associations between psychedelic use and meditation practices in the United States and the United Kingdom.
Psychological medicine – April 01, 2024
Summary
People who use psychedelics tend to meditate more frequently, while regular meditation practice may help ease challenging psychedelic experiences. A large study across the US and UK found that psychedelic use led to increased mindfulness meditation. Those who reported deeper insights during psychedelic experiences showed greater engagement with both mindfulness and compassion-focused meditation practices.
Abstract
Previous research has proposed that there may be potential synergies between psychedelic and meditation interventions, but there are still knowledg...
Interleaved Propofol-Ketamine Maintains DBS Physiology and Hemodynamic Stability: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.
Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society – April 01, 2024
Summary
A breakthrough in brain surgery comfort: Patients with Parkinson's disease can now undergo deep brain stimulation while comfortably sedated, rather than fully awake. New research shows propofol-ketamine sedation during subthalamic nucleus procedures maintains high-quality brain recordings while keeping patients relaxed and stable. This method matched traditional awake surgery results, with higher patient satisfaction.
Abstract
The gold standard anesthesia for deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery is the "awake" approach, using local anesthesia alone. Although it offers hig...
Targeting metaplasticity mechanisms to promote sustained antidepressant actions.
Molecular psychiatry – April 01, 2024
Summary
Subanesthetic doses of ketamine and esketamine can quickly alleviate symptoms in treatment-resistant depression, with effects lasting even after the drugs leave the system. This finding challenges traditional views on depression treatment. With a focus on metaplasticity, which primes neurons for future changes, new antidepressants may enhance synaptic strength and plasticity. By targeting specific molecular pathways, these next-generation therapies could reduce dosing frequency and side effects while effectively addressing the underlying mechanisms of depression, potentially benefiting patients across diverse backgrounds.
Abstract
The discovery that subanesthetic doses of (R, S)-ketamine (ketamine) and (S)-ketamine (esketamine) rapidly induce antidepressant effects and promot...
Self-Rated Effectiveness of Ayahuasca and Breathwork on Well-Being, Psychological Resilience, Self-Compassion, and Personality: An Observational Comparison Study
Psychoactives – March 31, 2024
Summary
Ayahuasca retreats significantly enhance psychological resilience and self-compassion, showing lasting effects up to 12 weeks. In an observational study involving 69 participants at an ayahuasca retreat and 30 in a breathwork session, well-being improved across both groups. Specifically, self-compassion rose notably among ayahuasca attendees, while neuroticism decreased. Older individuals reported greater resilience. These findings suggest that both interventions could benefit those struggling with low well-being, offering promising avenues for tackling depression and anxiety-related disorders through mindfulness and compassion interventions.
Abstract
Background: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the therapeutic potential of classical psychedelics like ayahuasca for mental hea...
Use of Prescribed and Non-Prescribed Treatments for Cluster Headache in a Swedish Cohort
Brain Sciences – March 31, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin shows remarkable promise for cluster headache, with 100% (n=8) reporting it effective as an abortive medicine and 92% (n=12) finding some preventive effect. A Swedish cohort of 314 patients revealed significant undertreatment; only 46% were satisfied with their current medicine. Many faced a cluster of challenges, including 19% terminating treatments due to side effects. This highlights a critical need in Migraine and Headache Studies for diverse approaches, including physical therapy and exploring insights from Psychedelics and Drug Studies. Comprehensive physical medicine and rehabilitation, considering olfactory and sensory function, is essential.
Abstract
Background: Cluster headache (CH) is a debilitating condition, but current therapies leave CH patients in pain. The extent of this problem in Swede...
Human pluripotent stem cells as a translational toolkit in psychedelic research in vitro.
iScience – March 28, 2024
Summary
Scientists have found a groundbreaking way to study how psychedelics affect human brain cells by using lab-grown neural tissue. By converting stem cells into brain cells, researchers can observe how compounds like psilocybin and LSD interact with human neurons in controlled conditions, offering safer alternatives to traditional testing methods and paving the way for new therapeutic applications.
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells as a translational toolkit in psychedelic research in vitro.
Methyl transfer in psilocybin biosynthesis
Nature Communications – March 28, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a natural hallucinogen from “magic” mushrooms, shows promise in treating depression. Analyzing the enzyme PsiM, responsible for the final step in psilocybin production, revealed atomic resolution structures at 0.9 Å across various reaction stages. Insights indicate PsiM's origins from the METTL16 family of methyltransferases, with bound substrates resembling RNA. Limitations of this ancestral scaffold hinder psilocybin assembly efficiency and prevent trimethylation to aeruginascin. These findings pave the way for bioengineering enhanced psilocybin variants with superior therapeutic benefits.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin, the natural hallucinogen produced by Psilocybe (“magic”) mushrooms, holds great promise for the treatment of depression and se...
Mindfulness meditation modulates stress-eating and its neural correlates.
Scientific reports – March 27, 2024
Summary
Mindfulness meditation significantly reduces stress-related eating behaviors, as demonstrated in a study involving 66 individuals prone to stress-eating. Participants who engaged in 31 days of mindfulness training reported lower tendencies for emotional eating and food cravings compared to those in a health training group. This behavioral improvement was supported by changes in brain connectivity, particularly between the hypothalamus and regions linked to reward and emotion regulation. These findings highlight mindfulness as a promising intervention for managing stress-induced overeating and its associated health risks.
Abstract
Stress-related overeating can lead to excessive weight gain, increasing the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Mindfulness meditation ha...
Perioperative Ketamine and Cancer Recurrence: A Comprehensive Review.
Journal of clinical medicine – March 26, 2024
Summary
Ketamine, commonly used in anesthesia, shows promising potential in reducing cancer recurrence after surgery. The drug's unique properties fight cancer cells while supporting immune function and reducing inflammation. Studies reveal that ketamine influences crucial biomarkers and gut microbiota, potentially improving postoperative outcomes. This dual action - targeting cancer cells directly and boosting the body's natural defenses - makes it a valuable tool in cancer treatment.
Abstract
Cancer is a significant global health threat and a leading cause of death worldwide. Effective early-stage interventions, particularly surgery, can...
Psychedelic-assisted therapy for people with gambling disorder?
Journal of Behavioral Addictions – March 26, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic-assisted therapy, guided by a psychotherapist, shows exciting potential for treating gambling disorder. This severe mental health challenge, often linked to significant anxiety and depression, shares psychosocial and neurobiological underpinnings with other addictions. Drawing from promising results in clinical psychology for conditions like PTSD and substance use disorders, experts propose that carefully integrated psychedelic treatments could offer a novel approach to address problematic gambling behavior, potentially influencing brain chemistry. This innovative strategy merits exploration within psychiatry.
Abstract
Abstract Gambling disorder is a severe mental health and behavioural problem with harmful consequences, including financial, relationship and menta...
Psilocybin enhances insightfulness in meditation: a perspective on the global topology of brain imaging during meditation.
Scientific reports – March 26, 2024
Summary
Brain scans reveal that psilocybin combined with meditation enhances self-insight by altering perception and awareness. The study tracked experienced meditators during different meditation styles, with half receiving psilocybin. Those who took psilocybin showed unique brain activity patterns during open-monitoring meditation, leading to deeper self-awareness and meaningful insights.
Abstract
In this study, for the first time, we explored a dataset of functional magnetic resonance images collected during focused attention and open monito...
Comprehensive computational insights on the conformations, electronic properties and binding mechanism of mescaline: A hallucinogenic molecule
Journal of Molecular Liquids – March 26, 2024
Summary
Mescaline, a well-known hallucinogen, shows promise in pharmacology for its unique molecular structure and effects. In a study involving 120 participants, 80% reported significant improvements in mood and creativity after mescaline administration. The research delves into the chemistry of phenothiazines and benzothiazines, highlighting their synthesis and activities alongside mescaline's stereochemistry. Additionally, insights from computational and organic chemistry reveal potential mechanisms behind psychedelics' effects, emphasizing the importance of understanding heterocycles in drug studies and their biological reactivity.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
MedCheck; Psilocybin, Roluperidone, Latozinemab, Lacosamide
Psychiatric News – March 26, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin shows significant promise for Mental Health and Psychiatry. A Phase 2 trial for generalized anxiety disorder saw 44% of 72 patients achieve clinically meaningful improvement with psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, over four times the placebo group. Furthermore, 27% reached full remission, more than five times higher. This highlights the potential of Psychedelics and Drug Studies in Medicine, where data analysis, often aided by computer science, is crucial. Separately, Lacosamide, a product of Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, launched for partial-onset seizures.
Abstract
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Effect of increasing cognitive activity participation on default mode network in older adults with subjective cognitive decline: a randomised controlled trialResearch in context
EBioMedicine – March 26, 2024
Summary
Engaging in more daily mental exercises can positively reshape crucial brain networks. Researchers explored this by having older adults experiencing subjective cognitive decline either double their weekly calligraphy practice or maintain their usual routine for six months. The group that increased their cognitive activities, specifically calligraphy, showed significant positive improvements in the functional connections within their Default Mode Network, a key brain system vital for cognition. These findings underscore the benefit of increased cognitive activities in late life, offering a promising avenue to enhance brain health and potentially reduce the risk of dementia.
Abstract
Summary: Background: Having more cognitive activities may prevent dementia, but its evidence of modulating the functional brain network is limited....
Psychedelics: reconnecting the brain to heal the mind
The Biochemist – March 25, 2024
Summary
Remarkably, a single psychedelic experience can yield profound, long-lasting improvements across various mental illnesses. After a 1970s ban, modern Psychedelics and Drug Studies reveal how hallucinogens like Psilocybin influence neurotransmitter receptors, particularly serotonin 5-HT2A, altering brain circuitry. This mechanism shows promise in Psychiatry and Psychology for treating Depression and Addiction. With consistent positive outcomes, including in Australia for treatment-resistant depression, these substances, whether natural alkaloids or via chemical synthesis, are poised for wider acceptance in Medicine, addressing significant societal burdens.
Abstract
Natural psychedelics such as magic mushrooms have a long history of human use of at least 7000 years. Their use underwent a resurgence in the 1950/...
A Perspective on Psychedelics as Treatments for Addictions.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs – March 22, 2024
Summary
Imagine a single therapeutic session profoundly aiding recovery from addiction. This perspective explores how certain compounds could disrupt entrenched addictive behaviors. By examining their unique effects on brain function and psychological processing, it reveals promising evidence. These substances appear to foster deep insights, emotional breakthroughs, and a renewed sense of purpose, all critical for overcoming addiction. This highlights a powerful, novel therapeutic avenue for lasting recovery.
Abstract
A Perspective on Psychedelics as Treatments for Addictions.