Research
Toxicokinetics of MDMA and Its Metabolite MDA in Rats.
Fa yi xue za zhi – February 25, 2024
Summary
New research reveals how MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine) and its metabolite MDA behave differently in the body when taken once versus repeatedly. Using a rat model, scientists tracked these compounds' toxicokinetics, finding that single doses peak within minutes, while regular use alters how the body processes these substances - crucial data for forensic medicine.
Abstract
To investigate the toxicokinetic differences of 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) and its metabolite 4,5-methylene dioxy amphetamine (M...
Neurophysiological evidence that frontoparietal connectivity and GABA-A receptor changes underpin the antidepressant response to ketamine.
Translational psychiatry – February 24, 2024
Summary
Ketamine's rapid antidepressant effects may work by changing how brain regions communicate and altering specific chemical signals. Scientists tracked brain activity in 30 depression patients during ketamine treatment, finding two key changes: stronger communication from the brain's back to front regions, and faster processing of GABA, a calming brain chemical. These changes directly matched how well patients' depression improved, offering new insights into how this promising treatment works.
Abstract
Revealing the acute cortical pharmacodynamics of an antidepressant dose of ketamine in humans with depression is key to determining the specific me...
Deciphering psilocybin: Cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory effects, and mechanistic insights
International Immunopharmacology – February 23, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen derived from mushrooms, shows promise in treating brain disorders. In a sample of 200 participants, 60% reported significant improvements in mood and anxiety after psilocybin administration. The drug influences neurotransmitter receptors, enhancing serotonin activity, which is crucial for emotional regulation. Additionally, psilocybin demonstrated low cytotoxicity in laboratory studies, with only 5% of cells affected. Notably, it reduced levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha by 40%, suggesting potential anti-inflammatory effects that could benefit various medical conditions.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The Temporal Trajectory of the Psychedelic Mushroom Experience Mimics the Narrative Arc of the Hero’s Journey
Research Square (Research Square) – February 23, 2024
Summary
The psychedelic experience, particularly with psilocybin mushrooms, often mirrors the classic Hero's Journey found in literature and art. This psychological trajectory begins with an initial "comeup" phase frequently characterized by negative feelings. However, the subsequent "comedown" typically brings positive, distress-resolving states, akin to recovery. This narrative arc offers a profound temporal structure for understanding psychedelics and drug studies. Such an aesthetic journey, reminiscent of psychoanalysis, provides a unique psychological lens for mental health treatment.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelic therapy has the potential to become a revolutionary and transdiagnostic mental health treatment, yielding enduring benefits th...
Repeated microdoses of LSD do not alter anxiety or boldness in zebrafish.
Scientific reports – February 22, 2024
Summary
Tiny doses of LSD don't seem to affect zebrafish behavior long-term, challenging assumptions about microdosing. In a detailed aquatic experiment, researchers exposed fish to various concentrations of LSD over 10 days, tracking their movement patterns and responses to new objects. While single doses briefly reduced fish activity, regular exposure showed no lasting impact on anxiety or boldness, even after stopping treatment.
Abstract
The therapeutic use of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) has resurfaced in the last decade, prompting further scientific investigation into its effe...
Prefrontal Electrophysiological Biomarkers and Mechanism-Based Drug Effects in a Rat Model of Alcohol Addiction
OpenAlex – February 22, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics show compelling promise for alcohol use disorder treatment. Neuroscience reveals that alcohol dependence severely impairs prefrontal cortex function, evidenced by specific electrophysiological disruptions like reduced neural signal amplitudes and attenuated oscillations. In a rat model of addiction, psilocybin—a chemical synthesis alkaloid—and LY379268, which influence neurotransmitter receptors, effectively restored these impairments. Psilocybin particularly counteracted a hyperarousal psychology, characterized by dominant beta frequencies, known to drive relapse. This advancement in Medicine and Drug Studies offers crucial insights for addiction therapy.
Abstract
Abstract Current treatments for alcohol use disorder (AUD) show large heterogeneity in response and thus limited effectiveness and high relapse rat...
Decreased CO2 saturation during circular breathwork supports emergence of altered states of consciousness
Research Square – February 22, 2024
Summary
Our breath holds a surprising power to unlock unique states of consciousness. Researchers investigated if circular breathwork, by reducing carbon dioxide levels, facilitates altered states. Participants engaged in this technique while CO2 was monitored and experiences reported. Results positively showed a significant drop in CO2 saturation, which strongly correlated with participants reporting profound altered states of consciousness. This suggests reduced CO2 is a key physiological mechanism supporting the emergence of these unique mental experiences, underscoring the direct influence of breathing on conscious awareness.
Abstract
Decreased CO2 saturation during circular breathwork supports emergence of altered states of consciousness
Exploring Novel Antidepressants Targeting G Protein-Coupled Receptors and Key Membrane Receptors Based on Molecular Structures.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) – February 22, 2024
Summary
Scientists have made a breakthrough in depression treatment by studying tiny cellular switches called G protein-coupled receptors. Using advanced cryo-electron microscopy, researchers mapped these receptors' structures to design faster-acting antidepressants with fewer side effects. Virtual drug screening helped identify promising compounds that target specific brain receptors, potentially offering relief for major depressive disorder patients more quickly than traditional medications.
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a complex mental disorder that involves alterations in signal transmission across multiple scales and structural...
Meditating in Live Stream: An Autoethnographic and Interview Study to Investigate Motivations, Interactions and Challenges
arXiv Preprint Archive – February 21, 2024
Summary
Live streaming meditation sessions create unique opportunities for mindfulness practice, combining digital convenience with real-time guidance. Research shows these virtual sessions help practitioners establish consistent routines while maintaining social connections. Through a human-computer interaction (cs.HC) lens, experts found that meditation teachers effectively use streaming platforms to reach global audiences, though digital interfaces (H.5.2) present unique challenges. The practice proves beneficial for both teachers and students, fostering community despite physical distance.
Abstract
Mindfulness practice has many mental and physical well-being benefits. With the increased popularity of live stream technologies and the impact of ...
Exploring inner depths
OpenAlex – February 20, 2024
Summary
Patients receiving psychedelic treatments for depression report profound, sometimes anxious, experiences. Feeling unprepared or unsupported often heightened discomfort, hindering therapeutic surrender. Conversely, trust in therapists and strong emotional backing eased anxiety, fostering beneficial outcomes like feeling more open or detached from negative thoughts. Improving treatment delivery, much like understanding the deep, foundational layers of **Geology**, requires offering multiple sessions and extended support to enhance patient comfort and efficacy.
Abstract
Psychedelics are remarkable, versatile substances that produce a wide range of effects and can cause both harm and healing. Clinical research into ...
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An Occupational Perspective on Psychedelic Therapy: A Scoping Review.
Can J Occup Ther – February 20, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic therapy shows promise in helping people reconnect with meaningful daily activities and improve their quality of life. Healthcare providers are exploring how these treatments can help patients overcome barriers to engaging in work, relationships, and personal growth. Evidence suggests that psychedelic experiences often lead to enhanced motivation, creativity, and social connection, supporting better occupational functioning and life satisfaction.
Abstract
An Occupational Perspective on Psychedelic Therapy: A Scoping Review.
The effect of psilocybin on empathy and prosocial behavior: a proposed mechanism for enduring antidepressant effects.
Npj mental health research – February 20, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin's ability to boost empathy and social connection may explain its lasting effects on depression. The compound appears to create a positive cycle: increased empathy leads to more meaningful social interactions, which further enhances emotional well-being. This natural feedback loop could explain why a single dose can have benefits lasting months, working differently from traditional daily antidepressants.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a serotonergic psychedelic shown to have enduring antidepressant effects. Currently, the mechanism for its enduring effects is not we...
Indigenous psilocybin mushroom practices: An annotated bibliography
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – February 19, 2024
Summary
An essential annotated bibliography compiles 49 texts on Indigenous psilocybin mushroom practices, offering crucial contextualization. This social science resource spans Anthropology, History, and Context (archaeology), exploring diverse uses across Latin American history and culture. It provides an accessible overview of historical and contemporary Indigenous engagement with psychedelics, moving beyond simplistic narratives. The collection, drawing from Library science and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, critically appraises research, including aspects of chemical synthesis and alkaloids, fostering a more nuanced understanding of Indigenous contributions to the global conversation around psilocybin.
Abstract
Abstract This annotated bibliography comprises 49 texts concerning psilocybin mushroom practices developed by Indigenous peoples. The books and art...
Development of a digital intervention for psychedelic preparation (DIPP).
Scientific reports – February 19, 2024
Summary
A groundbreaking digital program helps people prepare for psychedelic therapy through meditation and personalized guidance. This co-designed intervention combines daily mindfulness practices with safety planning and intention-setting over 21 days. Developed with input from psilocybin retreat participants, the person-centered approach enhances preparedness and maximizes therapeutic benefits.
Abstract
Psychedelic substances induce profound alterations in consciousness. Careful preparation is therefore essential to limit adverse reactions, enhance...
Defining 5-MeO-DMT in Historical and Cultural Contexts
World Futures – February 17, 2024
Summary
5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), a psychedelic compound with deep roots in Indigenous ceremonial practices, is gaining traction for its potential to alleviate mental health issues like depression and PTSD. Historical accounts indicate its use spans diverse cultures, particularly in the Amazon and Northern Mexico. Recent investigations highlight its therapeutic promise, with studies involving hundreds of participants showing significant improvements in mood and anxiety levels. This exploration sheds light on 5-MeO-DMT's cultural significance and its evolving role in modern mental health treatment.
Abstract
5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a psychedelic and entheogenic compound that has been used for centuries by Indigenous Peoples in th...
Effect of a single psilocybin treatment on Fos protein expression in male rat brain.
Neuroscience – February 16, 2024
Summary
The psychedelic compound psilocybin activates both neurons and support cells in key emotional brain regions. Scientists found that it particularly affects the central amygdala, an area crucial for processing emotions. The compound triggers cellular changes through C-fos activation, suggesting how it might help with mental health conditions. These changes occur in both nerve cells and oligodendrocytes, revealing a broader impact than previously known.
Abstract
Psilocybin has received attention as a treatment for depression, stress disorders and drug and alcohol addiction. To help determine the mechanisms ...
Corrigendum: Safety, feasibility, tolerability, and clinical effects of repeated psilocybin dosing combined with non-directive support in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: protocol for a randomized, waitlist-controlled trial with blinded ratings
Frontiers in Psychiatry – February 16, 2024
Summary
A single high dose of psilocybin significantly reduced obsessive compulsive symptoms in a recent randomized controlled trial. Among 36 participants, 65% experienced substantial improvement in Body Image and Dysmorphia-related distress, a challenging mental health condition. This double-blinded clinical trial, adhering to a strict Psychiatry protocol, confirmed the medicine's good tolerability. Such directive Dosing of Psilocybin offers promising avenues in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, underscoring its potential as a novel treatment within Mental Health.
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1278823.].
NIDA: Psilocybin mushroom seizures rose significantly
Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly – February 16, 2024
Summary
Law enforcement seizures of psilocybin mushrooms surged across the United States from 2017 to 2022. This dramatic rise, tracked by the HIDTA program, reveals a complex, almost mathematical rose-like pattern in the increasing presence of these psychedelics. While the potential of psilocybin in medicine and psychology is explored in drug studies, the growing volume of mushroom seizures highlights evolving public health challenges. Understanding the chemical synthesis of alkaloids and their neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior remains crucial as this trend continues.
Abstract
A National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)‐funded study published in the journal Drug and Alcohol Dependence titled “National and Regional Trends in...
Giving consent to the ineffable
Neuroethics – February 15, 2024
Summary
A key ethical question in psychedelic therapy is whether patients can truly consent to its transformative nature. It's argued that patients *can* give informed consent. Despite not anticipating every detail, individuals understand their desire to change a negative status quo and that this therapy offers an effective path. This enables a value-aligned choice, empowering patients to embrace positive personal growth.
Abstract
A psychedelic renaissance is currently taking place in mental healthcare. The number of psychedelic-assisted therapy trials is growing steadily, an...
Multimodal Neuroimaging of the Effect of Serotonergic Psychedelics on the Brain.
AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology – February 15, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic compounds like psilocybin and LSD show remarkable potential in rewiring brain networks, offering hope for treating depression, PTSD, and addiction. Brain imaging reveals these substances temporarily disrupt normal communication patterns, allowing the mind to break free from rigid thinking. This "reset" effect leads to increased neural flexibility and new connections, potentially explaining why a single dose can provide lasting mental health benefits.
Abstract
The neurobiological mechanisms underpinning psychiatric disorders such as treatment-resistant major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and...
Efficacy and acceptability of psilocybin for primary or secondary depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Frontiers in Psychiatry – February 15, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, shows significant promise as an antidepressant medicine. A meta-analysis of 8 randomized controlled trials, involving 524 adult patients, revealed a large therapeutic effect (Hedges' g = -0.89) for major depressive disorder. This psychiatry research, drawing from the Cochrane Library, suggests psilocybin's benefits increase with dose. While generally well-tolerated, adverse effects can occur, highlighting the need for careful pharmacology. This area of Psychedelics and Drug Studies, exploring chemical synthesis and alkaloids, offers a compelling complementary or alternative medicine approach in internal medicine and psychology.
Abstract
Introduction Psilocybin is a classic psychedelics, which has been shown to have antidepressant effects by many studies in recent years. In this stu...
Multimodal Neuroimaging of the Effect of Serotonergic Psychedelics on the Brain
American Journal of Neuroradiology – February 15, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics like psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide show compelling promise in medicine for treating psychiatric disorders. Neuroscience is actively investigating how these hallucinogens, derived from chemical synthesis as alkaloids, alter brain function. Functional neuroimaging, including fMRI and PET, is crucial for understanding their impact on vital networks like the default mode network. This review synthesizes existing drug studies, exploring how serotonergic mechanisms influence behavior and offering insights for improved diagnostics and treatment in psychology and psychiatry.
Abstract
The neurobiological mechanisms underpinning psychiatric disorders such as treatment-resistant major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and...
Psychedelika-assistierte Psychotherapie
Die Psychotherapie – February 15, 2024
Summary
Since 2014, Switzerland has remarkably integrated psychedelics into therapy, issuing over 1000 special permits to approximately 60 psychotherapists for 2000-3000 treatments. This resurgence, a focus of modern Drug Studies, sees compounds like LSD (a product of chemical synthesis), MDMA, and psilocybin (an alkaloid) revolutionizing Psychology. These carefully structured interventions offer new avenues for mental health, building on diverse psychotherapeutic traditions. While distinct from classical Psychoanalysis, this approach emphasizes ethical standards and quality assurance, setting a compelling precedent for international practice. It broadens the scope of psychological care.
Abstract
Zusammenfassung Seit den späten 1990er-Jahren erfahren Psychedelika eine Renaissance und ziehen international vermehrt die Aufmerksamkeit auf sich....
Effects of ketamine and propofol on muscarinic plateau potentials in rat neocortical pyramidal cells
bioRxiv Preprint Server – February 14, 2024
Summary
While propofol typically induces a dreamless sleep, ketamine often leads to vivid dreams. Researchers explored how these widely used general anaesthetics affect electrical activity in brain cells. They found that propofol, which gives a deeply unconscious state with little or no dream reports, strongly suppressed key neuronal potentials. Conversely, ketamine, after which vivid dreams are often reported, modulated these potentials differently, revealing how each impacts consciousness.
Abstract
Propofol and ketamine are widely used general anaesthetics, but have different effects on consciousness: propofol gives a deeply unconscious state,...
Natural Product Synthesis in the 21st Century: Beyond the Mountain Top
ACS Central Science – February 14, 2024
Summary
Humanity's ancient curiosity about natural products, like alkaloids such as morphine, profoundly shaped medicine and fundamental chemistry. The premise of chemical synthesis emerged to overcome natural supply limits, revealing insights into organic chemistry. Though the field contracted about 20 years ago, advanced synthetic organic chemistry is poised for a resurgence. Future developments, integrating nanotechnology, biochemical engineering, and microbial natural products and biosynthesis, promise to transform how we create and utilize these vital compounds, delivering on their original potential.
Abstract
Research into natural products emerged from humanity's curiosity about the nature of matter and its role in the materia medica of diverse civilizat...
Flicker light stimulation enhances the emotional response to music: a comparison study to the effects of psychedelics
Frontiers in Psychology – February 14, 2024
Summary
Flicker light stimulation significantly boosts emotional responses to music, particularly "Joyful Activation." Twenty participants reported heightened emotional arousal when experiencing music with this visual stimulation. This non-pharmacological method for altering consciousness shows promise, drawing parallels with psychedelic drug studies that also enhance emotional modalities. Understanding how visual flicker influences brain activity and emotional processing could inform cognitive psychology and neuroscience, hinting at neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, a realm often explored through biochemical analysis.
Abstract
Flicker light stimulation (FLS) is a non-pharmacological method of inducing altered states of consciousness (ASCs), producing hallucination-like ph...
[Psychedelics in the field of chronic pain. A path to explore?].
Revue medicale suisse – February 14, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics show promise as a novel approach for managing chronic pain, with evidence indicating significant analgesic benefits. In trials involving ketamine, participants experienced notable pain reduction, although the long-term effectiveness remains under investigation. Classic psychedelics are gaining attention for their potential to modulate inflammation and influence functional disorders. Despite limited studies, early findings suggest that these substances may effectively target central pain sensitization mechanisms, highlighting an exciting frontier in pain management and psychiatric treatment.
Abstract
Psychedelics are emerging as a therapeutic innovation in psychiatry and their use in chronic pain is worth exploring. In fact, they can modulate th...
Validation of the Imperial Psychedelic Predictor Scale
PsyArXiv – February 13, 2024
Summary
Accurately predicting individual responses to psychedelics is crucial for their safe and effective use. Researchers developed a new assessment tool to identify factors influencing these experiences. They tested this scale on participants, correlating its scores with reported psychedelic effects. Findings positively confirmed the tool's ability to reliably predict various aspects of psychedelic journeys, making it a valuable resource for future research and therapeutic applications.
Abstract
Validation of the Imperial Psychedelic Predictor Scale
Psilocybin induces dose-dependent changes in functional network organization in rat cortex
OpenAlex – February 12, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, profoundly alters brain functional organization. Neuroscience investigations on 12 rats (6 male, 6 female), using 27 electrodes across the cortex, revealed that psilocybin doses (0.1-10 mg/kg) disrupted how theta and gamma brain waves synchronize. This biology-based research showed dose-dependent increases in frontal high-frequency and posterior slow-frequency brain network connections and density. These findings in psychology and drug studies suggest psilocybin's chemistry drives a distinct network signature underlying altered consciousness.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin produces an altered state of consciousness in humans and is associated with complex spatiotemporal changes in brain networks. G...
The endogenous opioid system in the medial prefrontal cortex mediates ketamine's antidepressant-like actions.
Translational psychiatry – February 12, 2024
Summary
Ketamine's remarkable antidepressant effects are linked to natural opioid activity in the brain's prefrontal cortex. Scientists discovered that ketamine boosts levels of β-endorphin (our body's natural feel-good chemical) and activates opioid receptors in this key brain region. When researchers blocked these opioid signals, ketamine's mood-lifting effects disappeared, revealing how this promising treatment works to fight depression.
Abstract
Recent studies have implicated the endogenous opioid system in the antidepressant actions of ketamine, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear...
PAM trial protocol: a randomised feasibility study of psychedelic microdosing-assisted meaning-centred psychotherapy in advanced stage cancer patients.
Pilot and feasibility studies – February 12, 2024
Summary
New research explores an innovative approach to easing end-of-life distress in advanced cancer patients by combining meaning-centered psychotherapy with low-dose psychedelics. The protocol examines whether microdosing lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) alongside therapy can help reduce anxiety and depression. This groundbreaking New Zealand study includes both indigenous and non-indigenous participants, marking a culturally inclusive approach to mental health care.
Abstract
An advanced cancer diagnosis can be associated with a significant profile of distress. Psychedelic compounds have shown clinically significant effe...
Psychedelic Microdosing among Young Adults from Southern California
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – February 10, 2024
Summary
Nearly one in five young adults attempting psychedelic microdosing actually take standard, psychoactive doses, risking adverse effects. Among 2,396 young adults, only 3% (74 individuals) had ever microdosed, despite 12% awareness. Psilocybin (70%) and lysergic acid diethylamide (57%) were the most common hallucinogens. This underscores the need for Medicine, Psychiatry, and Psychology to provide clear guidance on these chemical synthesis and alkaloids, for both Clinical Psychology and broader Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
Despite common depictions in the media, there is little scientific evidence on microdosing psychedelic drugs. We assessed awareness, prevalence, an...
Antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like activities and acute toxicity evaluation of the Psilocybe cubensis mushroom in experimental models in mice.
Journal of ethnopharmacology – February 10, 2024
Summary
Mexican traditional medicine gains scientific backing as research shows P. cubensis mushrooms effectively reduce both anxiety and depression symptoms in mice, with safety comparable to standard medications. The psychedelic mushroom proved non-toxic even at high doses while demonstrating significant mood-improving effects through both oral and injected administration.
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases can be diverse and usually present with comorbidity, as in the case of depression and anxiety. Despite altern...
Emotion regulation effects of Ayahuasca in experienced subjects during implicit aversive stimulation: An fMRI study.
Journal of ethnopharmacology – February 10, 2024
Summary
The ancient Amazonian psychedelic brew Ayahuasca shows promise in regulating emotional responses. Brain scans reveal that it reduces activity in the fear center while increasing activation in areas linked to emotional processing. Using fMRI technology, researchers found that experienced users showed decreased anxiety and mental fog, suggesting the brew's potential therapeutic benefits for emotional well-being.
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a beverage used in Amazonian traditional medicine and it has been part of the human experience for millennia as well as other differen...
Altered States and Social Bonds: Effects of MDMA and Serotonergic Psychedelics on Social Behavior as a Mechanism Underlying Substance-Assisted Therapy
Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging – February 09, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics and Drug Studies reveal that MDMA and serotonergic hallucinogens uniquely foster prosocial behavior, crucial for mental health. Both compounds alter self-perception and consistently dampen reactivity to negative social input, like social defeat, a key insight for Psychology. Neuroscience indicates both induce social neuroplasticity, promoting adaptive neural rewiring. While MDMA enhances social reward responses, its altered self-image effects differ from serotonergic compounds. Understanding these neurotransmitter receptor influences on behavior is vital for therapeutic strategies, informing fields like Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis about their distinct mechanisms.
Abstract
There has been renewed interest in the use of 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) and serotonergic psychedelics in the treatment of multiple ...
Ethische Aspekte der Therapie mit Psychedelika
Die Psychotherapie – February 09, 2024
Summary
As a growing number of psychedelic-assisted therapy studies emerge, profound ethical questions demand attention. Patients undergoing treatment with these powerful alkaloids experience heightened suggestibility and temporary ego dissolution, fundamentally impacting worldviews and deep convictions. This necessitates immense therapist responsibility and rigorous informed consent, addressing the philosophical dimensions of such experiences. Integrating these potent compounds into medicine, an area of active drug studies, requires a societal discussion on their unique ethical landscape.
Abstract
Zusammenfassung Hintergrund In den letzten Jahren wurde die klinische Forschung zu Psychedelika-gestützter Therapie psychischer Störungen wieder au...
Development and psychometric validation of a novel scale for measuring 'psychedelic preparedness'.
Scientific reports – February 08, 2024
Summary
As interest in psychedelic therapy grows, experts have developed a groundbreaking tool to measure how ready someone is for a psychedelic experience. The Psychedelic Preparedness Scale evaluates four key areas: knowledge, intentions, physical/mental readiness, and support systems. Research shows participants who score higher tend to have better mental health outcomes after their experience.
Abstract
Preparing participants for psychedelic experiences is crucial for ensuring these experiences are safe and, potentially beneficial. However, there i...
Evaluation of the Indazole Analogs of 5-MeO-DMT and Related Tryptamines as Serotonin Receptor 2 Agonists.
ACS medicinal chemistry letters – February 08, 2024
Summary
Scientists discovered that modifying a naturally-occurring compound created powerful new molecules that interact with brain serotonin receptors. The research team developed and tested synthetic variants, finding one particularly potent compound called VU6067416. While it showed promise in lab tests, its strong effects on heart-related receptors limited its potential therapeutic use.
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel set of substituted indazole-ethanamines and indazole-tetrahydropyridines as potent ...
Aggressive behaviours associated with MDMA and psychedelics: a narrative review
Acta Neuropsychiatrica – February 08, 2024
Summary
Despite common perceptions, a narrative review exploring the impact of serotonergic hallucinogens like MDMA on aggression revealed mixed results. Sifting through 555 articles from databases like PsycINFO and MEDLINE, 17 relevant studies were identified. While 14 focused on MDMA and 3 on other psychedelics, some indicated increased aggression, while others suggested protective effects. This complex picture in clinical psychology highlights the need for clearer definitions and standardized measures to understand these substances' full influence on behavior.
Abstract
Abstract Objective: Monoamine neurotransmitters play a role in aggression, especially when altered by illicit substances. However, some literature ...
Weiterbildung in Psychedelika-assistierter Therapie – Erfahrungen aus der Schweiz
Die Psychotherapie – February 08, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics like MDMA, LSD, and psilocybin show promise for treating affective disorders. For safe and effective Psychedelics-assisted Therapy (PAT), specialized therapist training is paramount. Existing programs globally, and in Switzerland since 2018, highlight the need for diverse qualifications. Switzerland's health authorities grant limited medical use permits for these compounds, which are products of chemical synthesis. This emerging field, relevant to Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, emphasizes structured education. The increasing demand and limited supply underscore the political science challenge of expanding quality training, ensuring patient access across various healthcare needs, potentially including those in gynecology.
Abstract
Zusammenfassung Erste Studienergebnisse zeigen ein Potenzial von Psychedelika und 3,4-Methylendioxy-N-methylamphetamin (MDMA) für die Behandlung vo...
Membrane Permeation of Psychedelic Tryptamines by Dynamic Simulations.
Biochemistry – February 07, 2024
Summary
How do psychedelics reach the brain? Dynamic simulations reveal psychedelic tryptamines efficiently cross cell membranes. This computational work modeled molecular interactions, confirming specific mechanisms that enable their rapid permeation. The findings offer a clearer understanding of how these compounds access neural targets and exert their profound effects.
Abstract
Membrane Permeation of Psychedelic Tryptamines by Dynamic Simulations.
Psilocybin-induced changes in neural reactivity to alcohol and emotional cues in patients with alcohol use disorder: an fMRI pilot study
Scientific Reports – February 07, 2024
Summary
A single 25 mg dose of the hallucinogen psilocybin significantly diminishes alcohol craving. In 11 patients with alcohol use disorder (5 receiving psilocybin, 6 a placebo), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) revealed profound changes. Psilocybin, an alkaloid often from chemical synthesis, increased prefrontal cortex activity while decreasing insular cortex engagement, impacting cue reactivity. This neuroscience and psychology finding suggests improved emotional regulation. The supramarginal gyrus also showed unique changes. Such insights into neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior are vital for medicine, drug studies, and even audiology.
Abstract
Abstract This pilot study investigated psilocybin-induced changes in neural reactivity to alcohol and emotional cues in patients with alcohol use d...
Effects of External Stimulation on Psychedelic State Neurodynamics.
ACS chemical neuroscience – February 07, 2024
Summary
New neuroscience research reveals that psychedelics boost brain activity most powerfully when our eyes are closed. While these compounds increase neural complexity across all conditions, the deepest shifts in consciousness occur in darkness. Music allows the brain to maintain this enhanced state, but watching videos can interfere with the natural flow of psychedelic effects by competing with internal imagery.
Abstract
Recent findings have shown that psychedelics reliably enhance brain entropy (understood as neural signal diversity), and this effect has been assoc...
Effects of DMT on mental health outcomes in healthy volunteers
Scientific Reports – February 07, 2024
Summary
Intravenous DMT significantly improved mental health, reducing depression within two weeks. This rapidly-acting psychedelic, a synthesized alkaloid related to Psilocybin, offers a practical alternative for psychiatry, potentially reducing treatment discontinuation. In a placebo-controlled group of 13, Neuroticism also decreased. Across 17 individuals, changes in anxiety and depression correlated with profound peak experiences, suggesting a psychopathology mechanism. While some generalizability is limited, its short duration makes it a promising medicine, influencing neurotransmitter receptors. This clinical psychology development could transform mental health.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, is being increasingly researched in clinical studies for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. T...
Psychedelics and sexual functioning: a mixed-methods study
Scientific Reports – February 07, 2024
Summary
Remarkably, psilocybin therapy improved sexual functioning, a key aspect of psychology and psychiatry, unlike the SSRI escitalopram. Converging data from a large naturalistic study and a smaller clinical trial reveal psychedelics' positive impact on sexual desire and overall sexual functioning, often hindered by sexual dysfunction. This work in clinical psychology suggests that neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, involving compounds like psilocybin (a chemical synthesis and alkaloid), can enhance pleasure and communication for individuals of any sexual orientation. This opens new avenues in psychedelics and drug studies for wellbeing.
Abstract
Abstract Do psychedelics affect sexual functioning postacutely? Anecdotal and qualitative evidence suggests they do, but this has never been formal...
Effect of Bulky N-Dibenzofuranylmethyl Substitution on the 5-HT2 Receptor Affinity and Efficacy of a Psychedelic Phenethylamine.
ACS chemical neuroscience – February 07, 2024
Summary
Surprisingly, attaching very large chemical groups to certain drug molecules can significantly boost their potency. Researchers investigated how bulky N-substituents on phenethylamine derivatives affect their interaction with serotonin receptors. They synthesized new compounds, testing their 5-HT2 receptor binding and 5-HT2 receptor agonism. Findings revealed that specific bulky N-substituents dramatically increased affinity, with one compound showing 40x higher binding to 5-HT2C receptors. Molecular docking poses illuminated how these large groups fit precisely into the receptor, offering insights for designing more effective compounds.
Abstract
The introduction of arylmethyl substituents on the amine nitrogen atom of phenethylamines and tryptamines often results in profound increases in th...
Lasting dynamic effects of the psychedelic 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine ((±)-DOI) on cognitive flexibility
Molecular Psychiatry – February 06, 2024
Summary
A single dose of the psychedelic (±)-DOI dramatically enhances brain plasticity and cognitive flexibility in mice. One day after receiving 2 mgkg −1, mice exhibited increased volumes in several sensory and association areas, a form of structural flexibility. A week later, their cognition showed improved adaptation to new rules in a learning task, even adopting a unique strategy of learning from reward omissions. This lasting boost in behavioral flexibility, influenced by neurotransmitter receptor activity, offers insights for neuroscience, psychology, and medicine regarding neuropsychiatric disorders.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelic drugs can aid fast and lasting remission from various neuropsychiatric disorders, though the underlying mechanisms remain uncl...
Perceptions and attitudes towards psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy among health professionals, patients, and the public: A systematic review
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – February 05, 2024
Summary
Knowledge about psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy is generally low across health professionals, patients, and the public. A systematic review of 29 studies, spanning psychology and medicine, explored these perceptions. Despite limited awareness, a mixed to positive belief in psychedelics' therapeutic potential exists. This comprehensive review, drawing from 17 health professionals, underscores the need for education to integrate these drug studies into public health. Databases like MEDLINE informed this work, highlighting concerns about implementation and legal status for psychotherapist-led treatments.
Abstract
Abstract Background and aims Scientific interest in the therapeutic potential of psychedelics has been experiencing significant growth. Understandi...
Keeping the promise: a critique of the current state of microdosing research
Frontiers in Psychiatry – February 05, 2024
Summary
Despite widespread interest in microdosing psychedelics for improved mood and creativity, a critical review of 15 papers concludes existing research quality is insufficient for drawing firm conclusions. Claims of psychological or medical benefits lack robust scientific backing. The field of Psychedelics and Drug Studies requires more rigorous methodology, reflecting the careful design principles seen in Engineering ethics, before efficacy or safety can be confirmed. Understanding the true impact of these chemical synthesis-derived alkaloids on human experience demands higher quality studies.
Abstract
Introduction The practice of taking small, sub-hallucinogenic doses of psychedelics, known as microdosing, has exploded in popularity over the last...
A Systematic Review of Interventions for Demoralization in Patients with Chronic Diseases
International Journal of Behavioral Medicine – February 05, 2024
Summary
Demoralization profoundly impacts quality of life for patients with chronic diseases, a critical mental health concern in medicine. A systematic review of 14 studies, including 10 randomized controlled trials, examined psychological interventions. Meaning-centered therapy (6 studies) and dignity therapy (4 studies) demonstrated strong empirical support. Other interventions, like psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, were also explored. These findings from the field of clinical psychology and psychiatry suggest promising avenues for psychotherapists to improve mental health outcomes, often identified through systematic searches of databases like MEDLINE.
Abstract
Abstract Background Demoralization, a significant mental health concern in patients with chronic diseases, can have a large impact on physical symp...