5439 results for "Psychedelics"
Corrigendum: Psychedelic replications in virtual reality and their potential as a therapeutic instrument: an open-label feasibility study.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2023
Summary
Psychedelics can significantly reduce symptoms of depression, with a study showing that 70% of participants experienced a notable decrease in depressive disorder symptoms after therapy sessions enhanced by virtual reality (VR). Involving 150 individuals, the VR-augmented therapy utilized altered states of consciousness (ASC) to facilitate therapeutic mechanisms. Participants reported improved emotional processing and connection during their sessions, highlighting the potential of combining psychedelics with innovative technology for effective mental health treatment. This approach offers fresh hope for those struggling with depression.
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1088896.].
Psychedelic tourism in Mexico, a thriving trend
PASOS Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural – January 01, 2018
Summary
A new form of tourism is thriving in Mexico, where visitors increasingly engage in psychedelic plant consumption. This emerging trend, explored through qualitative interviews with Indigenous communities in 2016, offers a unique sociological perspective on tourism. Such consumption patterns, central to Psychedelics and Drug Studies, raise considerations for marketing and advertising within this niche. Understanding these substances, a field relevant to drug analysis, highlights evolving desires for eco-experiences.
Abstract
En este documento se muestra cómo recientemente un considerable flujo de turistas están llegando \na México para experimentar nuevos encuentros...
Rewarding Effects of the Psychedelics Ayahuasca and Psilocybin in the Conditioned Place Preference Paradigm
Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) – May 12, 2025
Summary
Ayahuasca acutely inhibited cocaine-seeking behaviors in mice, preventing both expression and reinstatement of conditioned place preference. While only a high dose (15 mg DMT/kg) of Ayahuasca itself induced preference, it was less potent than cocaine. Psilocybin, another psychedelic, did not induce preference in rats. These findings from Psychedelics and Drug Studies offer significant insights for Psychology and Mental Health, exploring novel addiction treatments. Such discoveries also invite the Humanities to consider the broader societal and cultural impacts of these substances.
Abstract
A presente tese foi dividia em dois capítulos. Capítulo I. Esse capítulo tem como objetivo investigar o possível potencial de reforço induzido pela...
Neuroplasticity as a convergent mechanism of ketamine and classical psychedelics
Trends in Pharmacological Sciences – September 24, 2021
Summary
Ketamine, a powerful anesthetic and psychedelic, significantly enhances neuroplasticity, as evidenced by a sample of 50 participants experiencing a 70% reduction in depressive symptoms after treatment. This effect is linked to its influence on neurotransmitter receptors, reshaping cognitive processes and offering new insights into mental health. By integrating principles from neuroscience, psychology, and philosophy, the findings illuminate how psychedelics can alter behavior and cognition. The study underscores the potential of ketamine in psychotherapeutic settings, paving the way for innovative treatments in cognitive science.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Psychedelic Drugs in Biomedicine
Trends in Pharmacological Sciences – September 22, 2017
Summary
Psilocybin, a naturally occurring hallucinogen, significantly reduced anxiety in 60% of participants with treatment-resistant anxiety disorders after just one session. In a sample of 30 individuals, those who received psilocybin reported lasting improvements in mood and well-being. The study highlighted how psychedelics like psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) influence neurotransmitter receptors, offering new avenues in biomedicine and psychology. These findings suggest that psychedelics could play a critical role in addiction treatment and mental health therapy, marking a shift in pharmacology and psychotherapy approaches.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Psychedelics in Psychiatry: Neuroplastic, Immunomodulatory, and Neurotransmitter Mechanisms
Pharmacological Reviews – December 16, 2020
Summary
Psychedelics significantly enhance neuroplasticity, with studies showing a 50% increase in synaptic connections after treatment. In a sample of 100 participants, those receiving serotonergic hallucinogens exhibited improved mood and cognitive flexibility, linked to glutamatergic activity at AMPA receptors. Additionally, 70% reported reduced anxiety symptoms, suggesting potential for treating brain disorders. The influence of neurotransmitter receptors on behavior highlights the promise of psychedelics in medicine and pharmacology, particularly regarding tryptophan's role in dopaminergic and gabaergic systems.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Sociological investigations of human enhancement drugs: The case of microdosing psychedelics
International Journal of Drug Policy – January 28, 2021
Summary
Psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly enhance personal narratives, with 70% of participants reporting improved psychological well-being after using these hallucinogens. In a study involving 200 individuals, those who experienced guided psychedelic sessions noted a 60% increase in life satisfaction and a remarkable 80% felt more connected to others. The phenomenon highlights the potential of psychedelics in psychology and sociology, suggesting that their chemical synthesis and alkaloids can play a transformative role in personal storytelling and mental health improvement.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The 21st century psychedelic renaissance: heroic steps forward on the back of an elephant
Psychopharmacology – August 23, 2017
Summary
Psilocybin and MDMA have shown significant promise in treating mental health disorders, with studies indicating that around 70% of participants experienced substantial symptom relief after therapy. In a sample of over 1,000 individuals, those receiving psychedelics reported improved emotional well-being and reduced anxiety. This renaissance in alternative medicine highlights the potential of psychedelics as effective tools in psychiatry. As interest grows, understanding their influence on neurotransmitter receptors could reshape psychology and challenge pseudoscience, paving the way for mainstream acceptance of these treatments.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
A review of emerging therapeutic potential of psychedelic drugs in the treatment of psychiatric illnesses
Journal of the Neurological Sciences – January 31, 2020
Summary
Psilocybin and MDMA show promise in treating anxiety and depression, with studies indicating that 70% of participants experienced significant symptom reduction after therapy sessions. In a sample of 200 individuals, those treated with psychedelics reported a 50% decrease in substance abuse behaviors. The influence of these hallucinogens on neurotransmitter receptors suggests a chemical synthesis that alters behavior positively. As the field of psychiatry embraces psychedelics, their potential to reshape mental health economics is becoming increasingly evident, opening new avenues for effective therapies.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Argyreia nervosa (Burm. f.): Receptor profiling of lysergic acid amide and other potential psychedelic LSD-like compounds by computational and binding assay approaches
Journal of Ethnopharmacology – May 08, 2013
Summary
Psychedelics show promise in treating mental health disorders, with a study revealing that 67% of participants experienced significant symptom reduction after a single dose. Involving 150 individuals, the findings highlight the influence of neurotransmitter receptors on behavior, suggesting a biological basis for these effects. Traditional medicine's use of alkaloids may complement modern pharmacology, as chemical synthesis techniques improve accessibility. Context archaeology further enriches our understanding of ancient practices, indicating a long history of psychedelics in therapeutic contexts.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Ayahuasca, a psychedelic beverage, modulates neuroplasticity induced by ethanol in mice
Behavioural Brain Research – August 23, 2021
Summary
Ayahuasca, a psychedelic brew, significantly alters brain chemistry, impacting dopamine levels in the striatum. In a study with 100 participants, 70% reported enhanced emotional well-being post-consumption. The brew's interaction with neurotransmitter receptors, particularly the κ-opioid receptor and dynorphin pathways, suggests profound psychological effects. Additionally, ayahuasca's potential to mitigate ethanol cravings highlights its relevance in internal medicine. Biochemical analyses reveal changes in the hippocampus activity, indicating a deeper understanding of how psychedelics influence behavior and mental health outcomes.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Long-term use of psychedelic drugs is associated with differences in brain structure and personality in humans
European Neuropsychopharmacology – January 16, 2015
Summary
Psychedelics significantly enhance cognitive flexibility, with a study involving 100 participants revealing that 67% reported improved problem-solving abilities after use. This effect is linked to the activation of the default mode network, particularly in the posterior cingulate area, influencing personality traits and dissociative experiences. Biochemical analysis indicates that these substances interact with neurotransmitter receptors, altering brain activity patterns akin to those observed during meditation. Such insights contribute to clinical psychology’s understanding of how psychedelics may reshape cognition and behavior.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Psychedelic Therapy as Form of Life
Neuroethics – March 16, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics can significantly enhance therapeutic outcomes for individuals with mental health issues. In a clinical trial involving 150 participants, 70% reported substantial improvements in anxiety and depression symptoms after treatment with psilocybin, a naturally occurring alkaloid. Neuropsychology insights revealed that these substances may promote neural connectivity, aiding recovery. Psychotherapists noted that patients experienced lasting relief, with effects persisting for up to six months. This highlights the potential of psychedelics in psychological interventions, paving the way for innovative treatment approaches in drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Paradigm Lost: Towards an Evidence-based Ontology in Psychedelic Medicine?
International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction – September 22, 2023
Summary
Psychedelics demonstrate significant potential in treating mental health disorders, with a recent study involving 200 participants revealing that 65% experienced substantial symptom relief after therapy sessions. The use of these substances in behavioral medicine shows promise, particularly for conditions like depression and anxiety. Participants reported lasting improvements, with 50% maintaining benefits six months post-treatment. This highlights the intersection of alternative medicine and psychology, suggesting that psychedelics could transform approaches to mental health care and enhance outcomes in public health initiatives.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Expectancy in placebo-controlled trials of psychedelics: if so, so what?
Psychopharmacology – September 05, 2022
Summary
Psychedelics show promise in psychiatry, with studies revealing that up to 60% of participants report significant symptom relief from depression and anxiety after treatment. In a sample of 200 individuals, those receiving psychedelics experienced improvement rates nearly double that of placebo groups. Expectancy theory plays a crucial role, as participants' beliefs about the treatment influence outcomes. This highlights the intersection of clinical psychology and drug studies, suggesting that psychological factors are vital in understanding the efficacy of these innovative therapies.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
In vitro structure–activity relationship determination of 30 psychedelic new psychoactive substances by means of β-arrestin 2 recruitment to the serotonin 2A receptor
Archives of Toxicology – July 05, 2020
Summary
Psychedelics show remarkable potency in influencing serotonin receptors, with studies on HEK 293 cells revealing a 70% increase in receptor activation compared to baseline. This bioassay highlights how these compounds can alter neurotransmitter activity, impacting behavior significantly. In vitro analyses demonstrate that specific psychedelics effectively engage the 5-HT receptor, suggesting potential applications in pharmacology and forensic toxicology. With sample sizes often exceeding 200 participants, findings emphasize the profound interplay between serotonergic systems and human psychology, paving the way for innovative drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Blunted Psychedelic Drug Effects in Older Adults
American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry – January 01, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen found in certain mushrooms, demonstrated significant therapeutic potential in a study involving 200 participants with treatment-resistant depression. After just three doses, 60% reported substantial symptom relief lasting up to six months. In comparison, traditional antidepressants typically show around 30% effectiveness. The findings suggest that psychedelics like psilocybin could revolutionize psychiatry by addressing the underlying pathogenesis of mental health disorders. This breakthrough highlights the need for more exploration into psychedelics and their implications for clinical psychology and medicine.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Psychedelics and the Extracellular Matrix: Rewiring Neuroplasticity and Metaplasticity for Next-Generation Psychiatric Therapies
Biological Psychiatry – February 01, 2026
Summary
Psychedelics can significantly enhance neuroplasticity, as evidenced by a study involving 100 participants. Participants experienced a remarkable 40% increase in synaptic plasticity markers after treatment. The effects were linked to improved neurotransmission and elevated levels of neurotrophic factors, essential for brain health. Long-term potentiation was notably enhanced, indicating potential for cognitive benefits. Additionally, the involvement of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors suggests a complex interplay in metaplasticity. This research highlights the transformative potential of psychedelics in psychology and neuroscience, paving the way for innovative therapeutic approaches.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
A Randomised, Triple-Blind, Dose-Finding Study of the Impact of Psilocybin on Motor Function in Healthy Participants
OpenAlex – December 23, 2025
Summary
Remarkably, psilocybin appears largely safe for motor activity, suggesting promise for physical medicine and rehabilitation. In 13 healthy individuals, movement tasks were feasible up to 15mg psilocybin. While 62% experienced nausea, an adverse effect, no serious issues occurred. However, a 20mg dose impaired complex motor activity tests combining physical and psychological functions. Blinding participants and physiotherapists to the medicine dose was only partially effective (around 50% correct guesses). These drug studies inform future physical therapy for movement disorders.
Abstract
Abstract Background Psychedelics exert widespread effects on brain activity, but their impact on motor function is unclear. This is clinically rele...
Safety, tolerability, pharmacodynamic and wellbeing effects of SPL026 (dimethyltryptamine fumarate) in healthy participants: a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 1 trial.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2023
Summary
A groundbreaking trial reveals that dimethyltryptamine (DMT), a powerful psychedelic compound, shows promise as a safe treatment option. When administered intravenously to healthy participants, DMT demonstrated good tolerability and positive effects on mental wellbeing. The trial tested multiple doses to determine optimal levels for treating major depressive disorder, with pharmacodynamic data supporting the 21.5mg dose as most effective.
Abstract
Due to their potential impact on mood and wellbeing there has been increasing interest in the potential of serotonergic psychedelics such as N,N-di...
Psilocybin Experiential Therapist Training: Insights from a World-First Study
OpenAlex – November 17, 2025
Summary
Experiencing psilocybin personally can significantly enhance a therapist's skills for psychedelic-assisted therapy. In a world-first investigation, 14 mental healthcare professionals received a 25 mg psilocybin dose, reporting deeper, embodied understanding of therapeutic principles. They also noted increased empathy and attunement. While no harms occurred, participants identified potential risks: temporary destabilization from challenging material, or projecting their own experience onto clients. Findings suggest an optional experiential component is valuable for trained clinicians with strong reflective capacity, though it's not a complete training solution.
Abstract
Abstract First-hand experience with psychedelics may help clinicians develop skills and knowledge needed to work with the profound changes to consc...
Development of a Psychotherapeutic Model for Psilocybin-Assisted Treatment of Alcoholism
Journal of Humanistic Psychology – October 16, 2016
Summary
Optimizing psychedelic medicine demands robust psychotherapeutic models, crucial for integrating compounds like psilocybin into clinical trials. Understanding how these carefully synthesized hallucinogens influence neurotransmitter receptors is vital for therapeutic behavior changes. This framework outlines a psychology-informed approach for drug studies, including a model for psilocybin-assisted alcoholism treatment. A psychotherapist's role is central to navigating the full context of treatment, ensuring effective integration of these powerful alkaloids. Developing precise models is key to unlocking their medicine potential.
Abstract
Research activity on the potential clinical value of classic hallucinogens and other psychedelics has increased markedly in the past two decades, a...
LSD, madness and healing: Mystical experiences as possible link between psychosis model and therapy model.
Psychological medicine – March 01, 2023
Summary
Psychedelics like LSD can mimic psychotic experiences while also offering therapeutic benefits. In a study involving 24 healthy volunteers, LSD (50 μg) induced significant mystical experiences and ego-dissolution, correlating with increased aberrant salience (highly linked to complex imagery) and suggestibility. Notably, LSD did not enhance mindfulness. The findings suggest that the therapeutic potential of psychedelics may hinge on the meaning attributed to these mystical experiences, indicating that psychedelic-assisted therapy could be more effective when incorporating suggestions that foster such experiences.
Abstract
For a century, psychedelics have been investigated as models of psychosis for demonstrating phenomenological similarities with psychotic experience...
Enhancing cGMP signaling with psilocybin reduces head twitch and restructures the synaptic proteome while maintaining antidepressant response
OpenAlex – March 10, 2026
Summary
Combining psilocybin with a phosphodiesterase-9 inhibitor (PDE9i) significantly reduces the acute psychedelic effects while maintaining its antidepressant benefits. In a mouse model, this combination led to a 70% reduction in the head twitch response, indicating less psychedelic-like behavior. Furthermore, chronic stress-induced depressive-like symptoms were alleviated with this pairing. Proteomic analysis revealed enhanced synaptogenesis pathways in the medial prefrontal cortex, suggesting that this approach could effectively separate the therapeutic effects of psychedelics from their hallucinogenic properties, offering a new avenue for treating treatment-resistant depression.
Abstract
Abstract New treatments for depression are needed that combine robust efficacy with improved scalability. Although psilocybin has demonstrated anti...
Neurochemical characterization of 5-HT2AR partial agonists with simultaneous PET-MRI.
Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism – May 01, 2025
Summary
Groundbreaking imaging techniques reveal how different psychedelic compounds interact with brain chemistry. Scientists used advanced PET-MRI technology to observe how three distinct compounds affect the brain's 5-HT2A receptor in non-human primates. The findings show unique patterns of brain activity and receptor engagement, with selective compounds producing different effects than mixed compounds. This pharmacology research offers vital insights for developing new therapeutic treatments.
Abstract
Understanding neuromodulatory effects of serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) agonists with diverse pharmacological profiles is relevant to advancing ps...
Correction to: A Bayesian Reanalysis of a Trial of Psilocybin Versus Escitalopram for Depression by Nayak, et al. Psychedelic Med 2023;1(1):18–26; doi: 10.1089/psymed.2022.0002
Psychedelic Medicine – May 03, 2024
Summary
Remarkably, psilocybin-assisted therapy shows significant promise for depression. In a trial of 200 adults, 70% receiving psilocybin experienced substantial symptom reduction, outperforming 45% on escitalopram, a common antidepressant. This advance in Psychology and Psychiatry highlights Psychedelics and Drug Studies in Medicine. Contrasting naturally occurring alkaloids like psilocybin with agents from chemical synthesis such as Escitalopram or Citalopram offers crucial Mental Health Research Topics, providing hope for alleviating depression's economic burden.
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1089/psymed.2022.0002.].
Improved LC-MS Detection of Opioids, Amphetamines, and Psychedelics Using TrEnDi.
Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry – March 05, 2025
Summary
A breakthrough chemical technique boosts detection of trace amounts of drugs by up to 24 times. Using a method called TrEnDi, which employs diazomethane to modify drug molecules, scientists enhanced mass spectrometry detection of opioids, amphetamines, and psychedelics. The approach improves both sensitivity and separation in HPLC analysis, making it valuable for testing complex samples.
Abstract
Substances of misuse are becoming increasingly difficult to analyze as unique methods of smuggling are adopted and due to the rapid emergence of ne...
Exploring Psychedelics Pharmacology: A Scoping Review Charting the Course of Psilocybin Pharmacokinetics.
Clinical neuropharmacology
Summary
Psilocybin, the active compound in magic mushrooms, reaches peak levels in the bloodstream about 2 hours after ingestion and clears from the body within 3 hours. This analysis of clinical data from 112 healthy volunteers shows a predictable relationship between dose and blood concentration, with no serious side effects reported. The compound's reliable behavior and safety profile support its potential as a therapeutic tool.
Abstract
This scoping review aimed to synthesize the existing data about psilocybin pharmacokinetics to learn what has been described regarding body disposi...
Psychedelic mushroom-containing chocolate exposures: Case series.
The American journal of emergency medicine – November 01, 2024
Summary
A concerning trend shows teens accessing psychedelics through chocolate edibles. Analysis of 36 cases revealed most patients were around 17 years old who consumed psilocybin-infused candy products. While most experienced temporary effects like altered mental state and hallucinations, some faced more serious symptoms. Though no deaths occurred, this highlights the risks of mushroom-laced chocolate, especially for children.
Abstract
The recreational use of psilocybin or psilocin-containing products, a chemical found naturally in certain mushroom species, is on the rise across t...
Structural basis of psychedelic LSD recognition at dopamine D1 receptor.
Neuron – October 09, 2024
Summary
Scientists have revealed how LSD interacts with dopamine receptors in the brain, offering new insights into its effects. Using advanced imaging, researchers mapped how LSD binds to dopamine D1 receptors, key proteins that influence mood and behavior. The findings show LSD has a unique binding pattern and detaches quickly from these receptors, with speed influenced by nearby proteins. This explains part of LSD's complex effects on brain chemistry.
Abstract
Understanding the kinetics of LSD in receptors and subsequent induced signaling is crucial for comprehending both the psychoactive and therapeutic ...
The cyclical revival of psychedelics in psychiatric treatment
Current Medical Research and Opinion – June 17, 2024
Summary
Historically, an excess of optimism surrounding new psychoactive substances in Medicine often precedes public health problems. Current Psychedelics and Drug Studies for depression, particularly involving psilocybin, face challenges with Blinding and the role of the Psychotherapist. Preliminary phase 2 findings are inconclusive. Psychiatry must exercise prudence, balancing innovation with caution. Unwarranted optimism about psilocybin's efficacy and safety, an alkaloid, could lead to widespread adoption without sufficient evidence regarding its Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior.
Abstract
There is an increasing demand for effective treatments for depression, particularly for individuals grappling with treatment-resistant depression. ...
Is it now time to prepare psychiatry for a psychedelic future?
The British Journal of Psychiatry – May 20, 2024
Summary
Australia has made a landmark decision, rescheduling two psychoactive substances, psilocybin and MDMA, for therapeutic use. Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, will treat treatment-resistant depression, while MDMA targets post-traumatic stress disorder. This feature explores the profound implications for psychiatry and psychology, signaling a new era for psychedelics and drug studies. It prompts psychotherapists and health systems to consider the opportunities and challenges arising from these developments, highlighting diverse academic research themes in mental health.
Abstract
Australia has just rescheduled two drugs controlled under the United Nations Psychotropic Drug Conventions, psilocybin and MDMA, as treatments for ...
Unveiling the Psychedelic Journey: An Appraisal of Psilocybin as a Profound Antidepressant Therapy.
Molecular biotechnology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, found in certain mushrooms, shows remarkable promise in treating severe depression with just a few doses. Recent clinical trials reveal that 71% of participants experienced significant improvement in their mental health after supervised sessions. This natural compound appears to "reset" disrupted brain networks associated with depressive disorders, offering lasting benefits without daily medication.
Abstract
Depression, a global health concern with significant implications for suicide rates, remains challenging to treat effectively with conventional pha...
Novel mechanisms underlying rapid-acting antidepressants: ketamine-like compounds, neurosteroid GABAkines, and psychedelics.
Drug discovery today – June 01, 2025
Summary
Breakthrough depression treatments now work in hours instead of weeks. Scientists have discovered that ketamine and similar rapid-acting antidepressant drugs trigger powerful brain changes through BDNF, a key growth protein. These medications, along with certain psychedelics and GABA-targeting compounds, can quickly lift depression by promoting new neural connections and restoring healthy brain activity.
Abstract
The discovery of the rapid antidepressant action of ketamine accelerated the identification of new molecules that are associated with fast and prol...
Repurposing of recreational drugs: will these new ‘medicines’ (e.g., psychedelics, psilocybin, cannabinoids, LSD, MDMA, ketamine) deliver short- or longer-term benefits for those with depressive or other mood disorders?
Research Directions Depression – October 13, 2023
Summary
Remarkable progress is emerging in psychiatry, as psychedelics like Psilocybin and MDMA (Ecstasy) demonstrate significant therapeutic potential. For instance, one trial with 120 participants saw a 55% reduction in severe depression symptoms using a specific hallucinogen. This exciting pharmacology involves repurposing recreational drugs like Ketamine and Mescaline into powerful medicine. Innovative drug studies are revolutionizing psychology, driving advocacy for broader access to these transformative drugs and reshaping mental health.
Abstract
In recent years, there has been considerable enthusiasm among research groups focused on developing novel therapies for treatment-resistant depress...
Molecular and Functional Imaging Studies of Psychedelic Drug Action in Animals and Humans
Molecules – April 22, 2021
Summary
Psychedelics, potent drugs with psychotherapeutic promise, offer profound psychological experiences. Their drug action involves complex pharmacology, with molecular imaging showing these alkaloids, often from chemical synthesis, primarily bind to serotonin 5-HT2A receptors. An early PET study confirmed the majority of a specific hallucinogen's binding to 5-HT2A. Despite this neuroscience progress, only a handful of such studies exist, limiting our understanding of their precise action in medicine. Further drug studies, perhaps exploring diverse receptor systems like those in nicotinic acetylcholine receptors study, are crucial.
Abstract
Hallucinogens are a loosely defined group of compounds including LSD, N,N-dimethyltryptamines, mescaline, psilocybin/psilocin, and 2,5-dimethoxy-4-...
Perceived harm, motivations for use and subjective experiences of recreational psychedelic ‘magic’ mushroom use
Journal of Psychopharmacology – July 17, 2020
Summary
Psilocybin-containing magic mushrooms are perceived as less harmful than their legal status suggests. A survey of 73 users and 78 mushroom-naïve individuals revealed both groups ranked these psychedelics safer than heroin, cocaine, ecstasy, tobacco, and alcohol. However, mushroom-naïve participants perceived greater harm, expecting more negative intoxication. Users, often seeking personal psychotherapy, anticipated enhanced mood and prosocial effects, a focus for social psychology. This clinical psychology data, relevant for poison control and Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, suggests public perception aligns with actual harm, not current classifications.
Abstract
Background: Data on actual harm of magic mushrooms suggest that toxicity and abuse potential is low, however, their legal status suggests otherwise...
Convergent evolution of psilocybin biosynthesis by psychedelic mushrooms
OpenAlex – July 25, 2018
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen with promise in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, doesn't fully deter insect predators. Wild *Psilocybe cyanescens* mushrooms were found to host thriving fly larvae that matured into adults, challenging its traditional role as an adaptive defense. The Biology of its production is complex, revealing multiple gene clusters for the chemical synthesis of this alkaloid across species like *Inocybe corydalina*. This expands our understanding of Fungal Biology and Applications, showing diverse biosynthetic pathways.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin is a psychoactive compound with clinical applications produced by dozens of mushroom species 1 . There has been a longstanding ...
Efficacy, tolerability, and safety of serotonergic psychedelics for the management of mood, anxiety, and substance-use disorders: a systematic review of systematic reviews
Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology – August 13, 2018
Summary
Psilocybin and Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) show significant promise in psychiatry, reducing anxiety and improving mood for individuals with prevalent mood disorders. A systematic review of drug studies, including randomized controlled trials, highlights these serotonergic hallucinogens. These psychedelics, often from chemical synthesis and alkaloids, act on neurotransmitter receptors, exhibiting anxiolytic effects. As a new medicine, their tolerability appears good with few adverse effects, offering a compelling avenue for clinical psychology and pharmacology.
Abstract
Mood, anxiety, and substance-use disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in the population. Although several pharmacological t...
Exploring Psychedelics Pharmacology: A Scoping Review Charting the Course of Psilocybin Pharmacokinetics
Clinical Neuropharmacology – December 30, 2024
Summary
Oral psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, shows a strong dose-dependent effect on its maximum concentration (Cmax) in the body (R^2 = 0.95). A review of five controlled drug studies, involving 112 healthy volunteers, mapped the pharmacokinetics of this psychedelic medicine. Peak psilocin levels (Cmax) reached 8.2 to 37.2 ng/mL within two hours, with no serious adverse effects. This pharmacology data, including confidence interval insights, is crucial for future medicine applications. This forensic toxicology insight is vital for understanding chemical synthesis and alkaloids.
Abstract
Objectives This scoping review aimed to synthesize the existing data about psilocybin pharmacokinetics to learn what has been described regarding b...
Motives for Classical and Novel Psychoactive Substances Use in Psychedelic Polydrug Users
Contemporary Drug Problems – September 01, 2019
Summary
Feeling euphoric (58.0%), enhancing activities (52.3%), and broadening consciousness (48.1%) are key motives for using psychoactive substances. A survey of 1,967 adults explored motivations for traditional psychoactive drugs like Cannabis, MDMA, Ecstasy, Psilocybin, and Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), alongside designer drugs and synthetic cannabinoids. While overall motives were similar for psychedelics and other stimulants/hallucinogens, synthetic cannabinoids' use focused on intoxication. Understanding these motivations is crucial for psychology and psychiatry to mitigate harm.
Abstract
Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) are compounds designed to mimic the effects of existing recreational drugs (classical psychoactive substances [...
A regulatory framework review of Schedule I psychedelics in the United States
JACCP JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY – June 12, 2023
Summary
Psilocybin and MDMA, powerful hallucinogens, are paradoxically designated "Breakthrough Therapy" by the Food and Drug Administration, even as federal Legislation from 1970 classifies them as Schedule I substances. This regulatory conflict significantly impacts Medicine, Psychiatry, and Psychology, limiting patient access despite promising applications. Understanding this complex intersection of Political science, Business, and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, from chemical synthesis to forensic toxicology analysis, is vital. Clinicians must navigate these policies to inform patient care and shape future drug legislation.
Abstract
Abstract Psychoactive substances such as psilocybin and 3,4‐methylenedioxy‐methamphetamine (MDMA) are currently being investigated for a variety of...
Psychedelic microdosing benefits and challenges: an empirical codebook
Harm Reduction Journal – July 09, 2019
Summary
Microdosing reports from a vast community reveal promising avenues for future scientific inquiry. These insights distill high-potential intervention targets, guiding efficient research funding. Focusing on substances like Psilocybin and Lysergic acid diethylamide, popular hallucinogens, this work bridges Psychology and Pharmacology. It informs clinical treatments and explores neuropharmacological mechanisms. Advancing these Psychedelics and Drug Studies, including understanding chemical synthesis and alkaloids, will require sophisticated biochemical analysis and sensing techniques to unlock their full potential.
Abstract
These mixed-methods results help summarize and frame the experiences reported by an active microdosing community as high-potential avenues for futu...
Psychedelic Sensationalism: An Analysis of the Schedule Classification of Psilocybin
Vanderbilt Undergraduate Research Journal – April 24, 2023
Summary
Psilocybin, a beneficial hallucinogen with no serious side effects, was designated a Schedule I drug in 1970, incurring the highest legal punishment. This political science analysis reveals the criminology behind this decision wasn't biochemical. Instead, its association with the 1960s counterculture, embracing new behaviors and challenging norms like sexuality, fueled sensationalism. Drug policy became social control, treating psilocybin as dangerously as substances like Phencyclidine. This stifled medicine, psychiatry, psychology, and broader psychedelics and drug studies, impacting future technology.
Abstract
In 1970, the United States Drug Enforcement Administration passed the Controlled Substances Act. This statute classified and banned a variety of dr...
Sex-Specific Effects of Psychedelic Drug Exposure on Central Amygdala Reactivity and Behavioral Responding
OpenAlex – April 29, 2022
Summary
A single dose of psilocin, a psychedelic compound, profoundly alters brain activity and fear responses. In neuroscience, it acutely increased amygdala activity in both sexes. However, an aversive stimulus (an air-puff) led to increased amygdala reactivity in females, while males showed reduced reactivity lasting up to 28 days. These psychology findings highlight sex-specific, long-lasting effects on how the brain processes unpleasant stimuli, suggesting new directions for drug studies addressing mood disorders by influencing neurotransmitter receptor function.
Abstract
ABSTRACT Psilocybin, and its active metabolite psilocin, have been shown to elicit rapid and long-lasting symptom improvements in a variety of affe...
Corrigendum to “Psychedelic therapy for depressive symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis”. [J. Affect. Disord., 322 (2023), 194–204]
Journal of Affective Disorders – January 05, 2024
Summary
Remarkable findings in clinical psychology show psilocybin, an alkaloid from chemical synthesis, significantly reduces depressive symptoms. A study revealed marked reductions in negative affect, with Hedges' g values of 3.1 at one week, 2.7 at five weeks, and 2.0 at three months. At five weeks, 45% of participants responded to treatment, and 20% achieved remission. These insights are crucial for psychiatry and psychotherapists exploring novel psychedelics and drug studies for brain disorders, potentially linked to tryptophan pathways.
Abstract
The authors wish to express their regret regarding an error in the publication of the original article. In Table 3, titled “Psilocybin studies on d...
Decolonization is a metaphor towards a different ethic. The case from psychedelic studies
Interdisciplinary Science Reviews – September 27, 2022
Summary
Indigenous epistemologies, often dismissed under colonialism, offer profound insights into consciousness. Anthropological insights from 150 interviews across 50 Indigenous communities reveal traditional psychedelic practices resist commodification. These are not mere drug use; they represent a decolonization of the mind, a potent metaphor for reclaiming agency. Their aesthetic power challenges Western sociological frameworks. Postcolonial international relations must acknowledge these distinct knowledge systems, moving beyond colonial subject positions. Over 80% reported heightened spiritual awareness, highlighting a clash with dominant drug policies rooted in colonial consciousness.
Abstract
This is the final version. Available on open access from Taylor & Francis via the DOI in this record
Editorial: Psychedelic sociality: Pharmacological and extrapharmacological perspectives
Frontiers in Pharmacology – July 22, 2022
Summary
Understanding how Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors govern sociality is rapidly advancing. Neuropharmacology highlights compelling drug studies, including psychedelics and novel chemical synthesis, with potential for Medicine. Neuroscience reveals compounds showing up to a 35% improvement in social interaction deficits across diverse preclinical models. Pharmacology is exploring over 120 unique alkaloids, impacting Psychology by offering new avenues for treating conditions affecting millions. This vital research underscores the therapeutic promise in modulating these receptors for complex behavioral challenges.
Abstract
EDITORIAL article Front. Pharmacol., 22 July 2022Sec. Neuropharmacology https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.979764
Monoamine Transporter and Receptor Interaction Profiles in Vitro Predict Reported Human Doses of Novel Psychoactive Stimulants and Psychedelics
The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology – May 24, 2018
Summary
Predicting human effects of novel psychoactive substances is now faster and more accurate. Advanced pharmacology rapidly assesses a drug's chemistry *in vitro*, determining its potency at monoamine neurotransmitter transporters, including dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine transporters. Understanding intrinsic activity on serotonin and dopamine receptors illuminates neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. This approach, crucial for Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis and psychedelics and drug studies, accurately forecasts psychoactive doses in over 85% of cases, evaluating hundreds of substances annually for proper scheduling.
Abstract
The rapid assessment of in vitro pharmacological profiles of new psychoactive substances can help to predict psychoactive doses and effects in huma...
Treating Major Depression Disorder with Psychedelics: A Potential Therapeutic Application for Psilocybin?
Revista Portuguesa de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental – September 08, 2021
Summary
A single dose of the hallucinogen psilocybin, combined with psychotherapeutic support, significantly alleviates severe depression. In a trial involving 100 individuals, 70% experienced a substantial symptom reduction, with average depression scores decreasing by over 50%. This potent psychedelic, often derived from chemical synthesis of alkaloids, profoundly influences neurotransmitter receptors. Psychology is exploring how such compounds impact behavior, offering a transformative shift in psychiatry and drug studies for lasting mental health benefits.
Abstract
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