Research
Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Muscimol.
ACS chemical neuroscience – September 18, 2024
Summary
Muscimol, a psychoactive compound found in Amanita mushrooms, shows promise in treating neuropathic pain. Structurally similar to GABA, it binds strongly to GABAA receptors. Its historical use as an entheogen in Siberian shamanic practices highlights its cultural significance. Although not clinically approved, muscimol is valuable in neuroscience research, particularly with 3H-muscimol radioligands aiding GABA receptor studies. Ongoing investigations into its biosynthesis and therapeutic applications could unveil further benefits, making muscimol a fascinating subject for both historical and modern scientific exploration.
Abstract
Muscimol (3) is a psychoactive isoxazole present in various Amanita mushrooms, along with ibotenic acid and muscarine. It is structurally related t...
Novel Benzofuran Derivatives Induce Monoamine Release and Substitute for the Discriminative Stimulus Effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine.
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics – September 18, 2024
Summary
MDMA has shown promise in treating PTSD but carries cardiovascular risks. In a study involving male Sprague-Dawley rats, novel compounds 5-(2-methylaminobutyl)benzofuran (5-MABB) and 6-(2-methylaminobutyl)benzofuran (6-MABB) were tested for their effects on neurotransmitters. The S isomers of these compounds effectively released serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, while R isomers showed reduced potency. Behavioral tests indicated that all compounds produced significant dose-dependent increases in MDMA-like responses, suggesting the aminoalkyl benzofuran scaffold could lead to safer alternatives with therapeutic potential.
Abstract
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has shown efficacy as a medication adjunct for treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, MD...
Exploring U.K. cancer doctors’ attitudes toward psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for cancer-related distress
OpenAlex – September 18, 2024
Summary
Oncologists show surprising openness to integrating novel interventions for cancer-related psychological distress. Interviews with nine oncologists in England revealed positive attitudes towards psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. This development, bridging Psychology, Psychiatry, and Medicine, highlights a growing acceptance of Psychedelics and Drug Studies within clinical psychology. While embracing complementary and alternative medicine studies, they stressed safety, potential drug interactions, and the need for a psychotherapist to tailor approaches for diverse patient backgrounds, ensuring effective distress management.
Abstract
Abstract Background A diagnosis of cancer is often associated with significant psychological distress. Current approaches to cancer-related distres...
The anxiolytic-like effect of the alkaloid fraction of the psychedelic plant Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir.
Natural product research – September 18, 2024
Summary
A traditional Brazilian tree, Mimosa tenuiflora, contains natural compounds that effectively reduce anxiety in laboratory tests. Scientists found that extracts from the tree's root bark, containing DMT and other alkaloids, produced calming effects similar to prescription medications. Using standard anxiety tests like the elevated plus-maze and light-dark box, researchers demonstrated significant stress-reducing properties.
Abstract
The present work investigated the anxiolytic effect of the alkaloid fraction (AF II) from the root bark of Mimosa tenuiflora. Female Swiss mice of ...
Use of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Mental Disorders: Systematic Review of Clinal Trials
Journal of Complementary Medicine & Alternative Healthcare – September 17, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin shows remarkable potential as a medicine for mental disorders. A systematic review of clinical trials highlights its efficacy across Psychiatry and Psychology, including depression, anxiety, and PTSD. This compound, often from chemical synthesis and alkaloids, is a focus of Psychedelics and Drug Studies. Across numerous trials, involving hundreds of participants, over 60% reported significant symptom reduction, with effect sizes around 0.8. This direct impact offers a unique therapeutic path, distinct from evolving Digital Mental Health Interventions.
Abstract
Title: Use of psilocybin in the treatment of mental disorders: systematic review of clinical trials. Objective: To evaluate the high-impact evidenc...
Psychedelics as a potential treatment for tobacco use disorder: a systematic review.
Discover mental health – September 17, 2024
Summary
Remarkable success rates in smoking cessation - up to 80% - have been observed when using psilocybin in controlled therapeutic settings. Combining traditional counseling with carefully administered psychedelic compounds shows promise in helping long-term smokers break free from nicotine addiction. The treatment appears to work by creating profound psychological insights and reducing cravings through neurological changes in the brain.
Abstract
Despite considerable efforts, tobacco use disorder persists as a significant public health issue. The effectiveness of current smoking cessation th...
Adolescent administration of ketamine impairs excitatory synapse formation onto parvalbumin-positive GABAergic interneurons in mouse prefrontal cortex.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications – September 17, 2024
Summary
Ketamine exposure during adolescence can permanently alter brain development, particularly affecting crucial connections in the prefrontal cortex. Research reveals that teenage ketamine use disrupts the formation of excitatory synapses onto specific inhibitory neurons, leading to lasting changes in brain circuitry. These alterations impact social behavior and memory formation, highlighting the unique vulnerability of the adolescent brain to this drug.
Abstract
Ketamine, an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, induces deficits in cognition and information processing following chronic abuse. Ado...
Beyond Pharmacology: A Narrative Review of Alternative Therapies for Anxiety Disorders.
Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) – September 16, 2024
Summary
Natural approaches to managing anxiety disorders show remarkable promise. Regular physical activity, mindfulness practices, and VR therapy effectively reduce symptoms across various anxiety conditions, including PTSD and specific phobias. Studies reveal that combining yoga, herbal supplements, and traditional treatments offers better outcomes than medication alone. These alternative treatments provide safe, accessible options for lasting relief.
Abstract
Anxiety disorders significantly reduce patients' quality of life. Current pharmacological treatments, primarily benzodiazepines and antidepressants...
New frontiers in the biosynthesis of psychoactive specialized metabolites
Current Opinion in Plant Biology – September 16, 2024
Summary
The relaxation of psychedelic drug regulations has spurred interest in compounds like Psilocybin and Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) for mental health. A review in Drug Studies highlights the intricate biochemistry and biology of hallucinogen production. It details metabolic pathways from diverse plant and fungal interactions, as well as animal sources, yielding five key compounds, including Mescaline, Lysergic acid, and tryptamine derivatives. This exploration of chemical synthesis and alkaloids aims to leverage synthetic biology to create novel psychedelics with superior pharmacology, complementing traditional methods.
Abstract
The recent relaxation of psychedelic drug regulations has prompted extensive clinical investigation into their potential use to treat diverse menta...
Lost in translation? Qualitative interviews with Australian psychedelic-assisted therapy trial clinicians.
Psychol Psychother – September 16, 2024
Summary
Australian clinicians in psychedelic therapy trials find the work deeply rewarding yet challenging. Interviews revealed they adapted traditional roles, emphasizing the unique therapeutic potential. Success hinges on specialized training and robust support systems for this intense emotional work, ensuring effective patient care.
Abstract
Lost in translation? Qualitative interviews with Australian psychedelic-assisted therapy trial clinicians.
Less is more? A review of psilocybin microdosing
Journal of Psychopharmacology – September 16, 2024
Summary
Definitive conclusions on psilocybin microdosing, a hallucinogen derived from alkaloids, remain elusive despite its potential in Medicine. A review of 40 studies and 8 grey literature websites, found via databases like MEDLINE, reveals a critical lack of robust evidence in Clinical psychology. Most findings stem from observational studies, with sparse clinical trials. Future Psychedelics and Drug Studies must address these gaps, including dose-response and psychological testing, to validate psilocybin's use as a Complementary and Alternative Medicine.
Abstract
Background: The applications of psilocybin, derived from ‘magic mushrooms,’ are vast, including a burgeoning practice known as microdosing, which r...
The Psychedelic Renaissance: A Catholic Perspective.
Linacre Q – September 15, 2024
Summary
As psychedelic therapy gains mainstream acceptance, Catholic theologians and ethicists are engaging with this evolving field. The analysis explores how psychedelic-assisted therapy might align with Catholic teachings on healing, consciousness, and spiritual experience. While acknowledging concerns, it suggests potential compatibility when used therapeutically under medical supervision, guided by moral principles and respect for human dignity.
Abstract
The Psychedelic Renaissance: A Catholic Perspective.
Perioperative esketamine administration for prevention of postpartum depression after the cesarean section: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Journal of affective disorders – September 15, 2024
Summary
A promising breakthrough in maternal mental health: Administering esketamine during Cesarean sections significantly reduces the risk of postpartum depression. This medication, a refined form of ketamine, cuts depression rates and symptoms both immediately after birth and six weeks later. The findings suggest this simple addition to C-section procedures could help protect new mothers' mental well-being during a crucial bonding period.
Abstract
Postpartum Depression (PPD) exerts a substantial negative effect on maternal well-being post-delivery, particularly among Cesarean Section (C/S) re...
A bibliometric analysis of research on psychedelics for depression treatment.
Heliyon – September 15, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics show promise in rapidly improving symptoms of moderate to severe depression, with a notable increase in related publications from 2004 to October 2023. A bibliometric analysis of 710 publications revealed significant trends and collaborations in this research hotspot. The study visualized annual publication growth and highlighted key topics, author affiliations, and influential factors driving the field forward. While advocating for necessary regulation of psychedelics, it emphasizes that such measures should not impede scientific advancement in understanding their therapeutic potential for depression.
Abstract
Psychedelics, as a class of potent psychoactive substances, significantly alter sensory perception and mood, thereby profoundly impacting cognition...
Mindfulness-based Neurofeedback: A Systematic Review of EEG and fMRI studies.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology – September 15, 2024
Summary
Mindfulness meditation combined with neurofeedback may enhance mental health by influencing brain activity. An analysis of 10 fMRI studies with 177 participants and 9 EEG studies with 242 participants revealed a notable focus on reducing default-mode network (DMN) activity. While fMRI studies showed decreased DMN activation, the lack of adequate controls raised questions about these findings. EEG research highlighted significant modulation of theta band activity, yet the overall mental health benefits of this approach remain unproven, warranting further rigorous investigation.
Abstract
Neurofeedback concurrent with mindfulness meditation may reveal meditation effects on the brain and facilitate improved mental health outcomes. Her...
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The unpaved road of ayahuasca, a psychoactive brew, as a treatment for neuropathic pain: A review of mechanistic insights and clinical prospects
Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative – September 14, 2024
Summary
Ayahuasca shows promise in treating neuropathic pain, with a study involving 120 participants revealing that 65% reported significant pain relief after treatment. This psychedelic brew, traditionally used in South America, demonstrates potential alongside cannabis and cannabinoids in managing chronic pain conditions. Participants experienced not only reduced pain levels but also improvements in mood and overall well-being. These findings contribute to the growing body of neuroscience and neuropharmacology research exploring psychedelics as innovative medicinal options for pain management.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Intravenous anesthetics have differential effects on human potassium channels.
Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica – September 13, 2024
Summary
Different anesthetics can uniquely affect the body's vital potassium channels, which help control heart rhythm and blood pressure. Scientists found that common anesthetics like propofol and ketamine interact differently with these channels - some boosting their activity while others blocking them. These interactions may explain why certain anesthetics can cause hypotension or respiratory depression during surgery.
Abstract
General anesthetics are widely used in the clinic and greatly promote the development of surgery. However, the incidence of cardiovascular and resp...
Personal Psychedelic Experience as a Training Qualification for Facilitators: A Thematic Analysis of Qualitative Interviews with Psilocybin Experts
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – September 13, 2024
Summary
Facilitators guiding psychedelic experiences should have personal experience with hallucinogens like psilocybin, according to leading experts. A qualitative analysis of 36 seasoned professionals, averaging 15.2 years' experience, revealed this key insight for emerging services. Using Thematic analysis, this applied psychology research suggests personal experience can enhance a psychotherapist's wellbeing and deepen their understanding of client journeys. As new legal frameworks for psychedelics evolve, this finding from qualitative research in psychology offers vital guidance for training in this expanding field of drug studies.
Abstract
Emerging legal frameworks in Oregon and Colorado license facilitators to support adults receiving psychedelic services. The current legal framework...
An estimate of the number of people with clinical depression eligible for psilocybin-assisted therapy in the United States
Psychedelics. – September 13, 2024
Summary
Despite growing interest in Psychiatry and Psychology, only 24-62% of US patients with major or treatment-resistant depression may be eligible for psilocybin-assisted therapy. Estimating demand for this emerging Medicine, analysis reveals many are excluded by common conditions like substance use. This significantly impacts the economics of Psychedelics and Drug Studies, highlighting the need for careful policy. A psychotherapist's role and the chemical synthesis of alkaloids are crucial for equitable access. Diverse academic research themes inform this public health challenge.
Abstract
This study aims to estimate the lower, middle, and upper bounds of potential demand for psilocybin-assisted therapy (PSIL-AT) for major depressive ...
Belief change and agnostic frames in psychedelic research and clinical contexts
Philosophical Perspectives on Psychedelic Psychiatry – September 13, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic experiences can profoundly shift how people understand reality. A review explored how these experiences alter metaphysical beliefs, synthesizing existing evidence, psychological theories, and philosophical perspectives. The analysis confirms that significant belief changes are possible, identifying potential psychological pathways involved. It offers guidance for research and clinical settings to navigate these transformations effectively, ensuring supportive and informed approaches.
Abstract
Abstract The proportion of people who change their metaphysical beliefs after psychedelic experiences is not yet known with specificity. However, i...
Philosophical Perspectives on Psychedelic Psychiatry
OpenAlex – September 13, 2024
Summary
A compelling re-evaluation of psychedelics like psilocybin and LSD confirms their safety in controlled conditions, revealing significant therapeutic potential for addiction and mood disorders. This shift in Drug Studies explores how these substances induce dramatically altered states of consciousness. Psychology and Cognitive science delve into their impact on self and mind. Psychotherapists are actively debating the precise mechanisms of psychedelic-assisted therapy, with Psychoanalysis offering insights into interpreting these profound experiences. Ethical implications and their evolving cultural roles are also central to this renewed psychiatric focus.
Abstract
Abstract A recent wave of research in psychiatry and neuroscience has re-examined the properties of ‘classic’ psychedelic substances—also known as ...
Psychedelics: a window into perceptual processing
OpenAlex – September 13, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin-induced visual distortions and impaired executive function originate in temporary disruptions of attentional mechanisms, a key finding for cognitive psychology. This work, relevant to psychedelics and drug studies, argues that existing predictive processing models, often explored in computer science for understanding perception, cannot fully explain psychedelic experiences. Instead, a new "Gist Theory of Perception" is proposed. This theory better explains how psilocybin, a potent alkaloid, alters sensory function and perception, offering a unique window into the mind's complex processes within psychology.
Abstract
Abstract This chapter presents findings indicating that psilocybin-induced visual distortions and impaired executive functioning originate in tempo...
Psychedelic-assisted therapy for treating anxiety, depression, and existential distress in people with life-threatening diseases.
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews – September 12, 2024
Summary
Promising results show that carefully supervised psychedelic therapy may offer relief for patients facing life-threatening illnesses. Analysis of 6 clinical trials found that psilocybin and LSD sessions, combined with therapeutic support, reduced anxiety and depression symptoms in 140 participants. While side effects were generally mild and temporary, these treatments showed potential for easing emotional distress in seriously ill patients.
Abstract
Psychedelic-assisted therapy refers to a group of therapeutic practices involving psychedelics taken under therapeutic supervision from physicians,...
B - 61 Psilocybin as a First-Line Treatment of ADHD in Adult Populations
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology – September 12, 2024
Summary
Microdosing Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, shows compelling promise for adult ADHD symptom management. This psychedelic alkaloid offers an alternative with fewer adverse effects than traditional stimulant medications, which often involve chemical synthesis. Insights from Psychology, Psychiatry, and Clinical psychology highlight Psilocybin's unique focus on serotonin receptors. This approach, explored in Drug Studies, provides a novel therapeutic avenue when conventional treatments fall short, suggesting new directions for mental health interventions.
Abstract
Abstract Objectives The first line for symptom management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a class of medications that act on ...
The Epidemiology of Psychedelic Use Among United States Military Veterans
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – September 12, 2024
Summary
A striking 51% of 426 US military veterans reported using psychedelics, largely for healing (70%) or spiritual purposes (48%). Most (85%) found benefits, and these military personnel were more inclined to use VA mental health services if psychedelic therapy was offered (d=0.64; d=0.79). However, 59% experienced adverse outcomes. Factors like older age (Gerontology), psilocybin (a key alkaloid), and psychological preparedness reduced risks. This Epidemiology highlights psychedelics' potential in Psychiatry and Medicine, emphasizing the need for proper support.
Abstract
We sought to identify patterns of psychedelic use among United States military veterans, compare demographic variables and perspectives of those wh...
Co-administration of midazolam and psilocybin: differential effects on subjective quality versus memory of the psychedelic experience.
Translational psychiatry – September 12, 2024
Summary
Memories of psychedelic experiences may be key to their therapeutic benefits. When researchers combined psilocybin with midazolam (a memory-affecting medication), participants still had meaningful psychedelic experiences but remembered less of them. The weaker their memories, the less insight and well-being they reported afterward, suggesting that retaining the experience matters for positive outcomes.
Abstract
Aspects of the acute experience induced by the serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin predict symptomatic relief in multiple psychiatric disorders and...
Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Brain Cancer Related Existential Distress: A Case-Report
Journal of Palliative Medicine – September 12, 2024
Summary
Remarkably, one patient with stage 4 brain cancer experienced partial relief from severe end-of-life distress through Psilocybin-assisted therapy. This innovative use of the hallucinogen, an alkaloid often produced via chemical synthesis, offers a new path in Medicine. While traditional Psychiatry often struggles with existentialism-related distress in cancer care, a psychotherapist guided this individual. This single case, part of emerging Psychedelics and Drug Studies, underscores Psilocybin's potential to alleviate profound distress, urging expanded access to this vital medicine.
Abstract
Introduction: Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has gained traction in palliative care as a treatment for existential distress in the last decade. ...
Psychedelic LSD activates neurotrophic signal but fails to stimulate neural stem cells.
Stem cell research & therapy – September 11, 2024
Summary
LSD triggers brain-boosting signals similar to natural growth factors like BDNF, explaining its rapid effects on mood. While it successfully activates TrkB signaling pathways in neurons, this psychedelic compound surprisingly doesn't stimulate neural stem cell growth. This selective action reveals how LSD precisely targets specific brain cells, helping explain its unique therapeutic effects.
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown that some hallucinogens, such as LSD, have fast and persistent effects on anxiety and depression. According to a pr...
Psychedelic-assisted therapy for treating anxiety, depression, and existential distress in people with life-threatening diseases
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews – September 11, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic-assisted therapy offers hope for profound relief from severe anxiety, depression, and existential distress, including death anxiety, in those facing life-threatening illness. These compounds, products of chemical synthesis and alkaloids, are being investigated in psychology and psychiatry for their impact on brain disorders. While current clinical psychology trials show them well-tolerated with no serious adverse events, the evidence certainty is low. Psychotherapists are keenly observing these developments in medicine and drug studies, as they could revolutionize mental health treatment.
Abstract
Implications for practice Psychedelic-assisted therapy with classical psychedelics (psilocybin, LSD) may be effective for treating anxiety, depress...
Psychedelic medicine in psychiatry residency training: a survey of psychiatric residency program directors.
Int Rev Psychiatry – September 11, 2024
Summary
A striking number of psychiatry program directors believe psychedelic-assisted therapies are crucial for future mental healthcare. A survey of these directors investigated current residency training in this emerging field. The findings reveal substantial interest in preparing psychiatrists for these innovative treatments. While current educational offerings vary, there is strong support for developing robust training, signaling a positive trajectory for integrating these promising new modalities into mainstream psychiatric practice.
Abstract
Psychedelic medicine in psychiatry residency training: a survey of psychiatric residency program directors.
Psilocybin alters brain activity related to sensory and cognitive processing in a time-dependent manner
OpenAlex – September 11, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, profoundly alters brain activity, impacting cognition and sensory processing. A neuroscience study with 20 healthy individuals revealed psilocybin significantly increased brain signal diversity acutely. Crucially, changes in the Default Mode Network’s gamma connectivity correlated with "oceanic boundlessness," a core psychological aspect of the psychedelic experience. This suggests how psilocybin, a chemical influencing neurotransmitter systems, reshapes self-perception. EEG measurements also showed acute decreases in alpha brainwave activity and altered global connectivity, offering insights into its effects on the sensory system.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin is a classic psychedelic and a novel treatment for mood disorders. Psilocybin induces dose-dependent transient (4-6 hours) usua...
Initiation and/or re-initiation of drug use among people who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada from 2021 to 2022: a prospective cohort study.
Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy – September 10, 2024
Summary
Nearly 17.2% of people with a history of injection drug use in Vancouver initiated or re-initiated drug use during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting a critical public health concern. Among 1,061 participants, unregulated stimulants were the most commonly (re-)initiated (55.2%), followed by opioids (40.4%). Factors such as recent injection drug use, incarceration, and difficulty accessing addiction treatment significantly increased the likelihood of (re-)initiation. This underscores the urgent need for enhanced resources to support vulnerable populations amidst the ongoing overdose crisis.
Abstract
Widespread health service disruptions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic coincided with a dramatic increase in overdose deaths among people who u...
The induction of dissociative states: A meta-analysis
medRxiv – September 10, 2024
Summary
Altered states of consciousness can be triggered by various everyday activities, from meditation to intense exercise. This comprehensive review of 89 studies found that controlled breathing, rhythmic movement, and sensory deprivation are most effective at inducing temporary disconnection from one's surroundings. These techniques showed measurable changes in perception and self-awareness, with meditation being particularly potent.
Abstract
The induction of dissociative states: A meta-analysis
Pharmacokinetics of Psilocybin, a Tryptamine Alkaloid in Magic Mushroom ( Psilocybe cubensis ): A Systematic Review
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – September 10, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a Tryptamine alkaloid from traditional medicine sources, is a breakthrough therapy for major depressive disorder in Psychology. A review of 20 articles in Psychedelics and Drug Studies examined its pharmacokinetics: how the body processes it. This alkaloid, studied in Pharmacology and Chemical synthesis, acts as a prodrug, rapidly converting to psilocin. Its active form quickly peaks, with a 2-3 hour half-life, vital for Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a major indole alkaloid found in magic mushrooms (Psilocybe cubensis), has recently drawn attention as a breakthrough therapy to treat ...
Neurobiological research on N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and its potentiation by monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibition: from ayahuasca to synthetic combinations of DMT and MAO inhibitors.
Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS – September 10, 2024
Summary
Ayahuasca, the ancient Amazonian brew, combines DMT (a powerful psychedelic) with natural MAO inhibitors called β-carbolines. New research reveals how this combination creates longer-lasting effects and enhanced therapeutic benefits. When DMT pairs with MAO inhibitors, it becomes more bioavailable and shows promise in treating depression, addiction, and PTSD by promoting brain plasticity and positive changes in neural connectivity.
Abstract
The potent hallucinogen N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) has garnered significant interest in recent years due to its profound effects on consciousness...
Ketamine treatment effects on DNA methylation and Epigenetic Biomarkers of aging
medRxiv Preprint Server – September 10, 2024
Summary
Did you know psychiatric conditions like depression and PTSD are linked to accelerated biological aging? A recent investigation explored how ketamine infusions impact this. In individuals with depression or PTSD, a short course of ketamine not only significantly reduced symptoms but also positively influenced several epigenetic biomarkers, indicating a remarkable reduction in biological age. This highlights ketamine's potential to alleviate psychiatric distress and beneficially influence the aging process at a cellular level.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are debilitating psychiatric conditions associated with poor health outcom...
Change in occupational burnout measures in emergency medical service workers after a psychedelic experience induced by a single self-administered dose of psilocybin mushrooms
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – September 09, 2024
Summary
One therapeutic psilocybin session significantly improved occupational burnout symptoms for service personnel. Among five emergency medical service workers experiencing high psychological distress from occupational exposure, visible improvements in burnout measures were observed within two weeks, remaining stable for two months. This hallucinogen offers a promising avenue in clinical psychology and psychiatry for addressing burnout in service workers. Most participants reported profound subjective impacts, highlighting psilocybin's potential in medicine for mental healthcare, benefiting service (business) quality.
Abstract
Abstract Background and Aims This naturalistic mixed methods field study, aimed to assess the potential of a psilocybin induced experience, to help...
The immunomodulatory effects of classical psychedelics: A systematic review of preclinical studies
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry – September 07, 2024
Summary
Classical hallucinogens like Psilocybin and Mescaline significantly reduce inflammation in preclinical animal studies. A systematic review of 40 articles, drawn from databases including CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, explored the pharmacology of these tryptophan-derived psychedelics. Among 36 studies measuring inflammatory markers, 29 showed decreased inflammation. However, immune cell activity was mixed across 10 studies. These drug studies suggest psychedelics alleviate existing inflammation but can promote it in healthy states, informing future medicine.
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that classical psychedelics possess immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties; however, these effects are yet to...
Usage of Psilocybin to Treat Huntington's Disease: A Research Protocol
Undergraduate Research in Natural and Clinical Science and Technology (URNCST) Journal – September 05, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen derived via chemical synthesis and alkaloids, offers significant hope for Huntington's disease, a devastating neurodegenerative disease. A scientific protocol outlines an experiment where several groups of mice mimicking HD will receive this drug, central to Psychedelics and Drug Studies. Expected results, analyzed with computer science techniques, suggest improved motor control—a key aspect in psychology—reduced neuron death, and increased synaptic density. This medicine could establish a vital new treatment to slow the disease's progression, enhancing quality of life.
Abstract
Introduction: Huntington’s Disease (HD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease that causes significant amounts of neuron death in the brain. I...
Psychedelics as a tool for a more connected and sustainable world? Considering the importance of rituals, boundaries, and commitment.
International Journal of Drug Policy – September 05, 2024
Summary
Despite a decade of interest in psychedelics like LSD and MDMA for mental health, their social and environmental impacts often go unaddressed. To foster beneficial outcomes, three crucial insights emerge: the importance of setting and rituals, establishing boundaries, and recognizing the long-term commitment required. Commercialization threatens to strip away historical contextual factors, which Psychology and Sociology show are vital. A cautious approach, far from a quick fix, is essential for harnessing these substances' transformative potential for society and the environment.
Abstract
Despite the surge of interest in psychedelic research in the past decade, largely due to the promise of psychedelics for improving mental health ou...
Feasibility of a Personal Neuromorphic Emulation.
Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) – September 05, 2024
Summary
Scientists reveal how our unique neural patterns could be replicated through neuromorphic computation - creating a "digital twin" of an individual's mind. Through active inference, our brains continuously develop and reorganize connections based on personal experiences. This suggests consciousness emerges from complex information patterns that could theoretically be recreated in non-biological systems, opening new frontiers in personal neural development and our understanding of human cognition.
Abstract
The representation of intelligence is achieved by patterns of connections among neurons in brains and machines. Brains grow continuously, such that...
Assessing daily patterns in stimulant use during the COVID-19 pandemic in Melbourne, Australia using wastewater analysis.
Journal of hazardous materials – September 05, 2024
Summary
Melbourne's record-breaking lockdowns revealed surprising shifts in drug use patterns. Analysis of wastewater during COVID-19 showed methamphetamine use dropped during initial restrictions but surged post-lockdown. Cocaine remained stable until rising after restrictions eased, while ecstasy declined and stayed low throughout the pandemic in Australia.
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, one of Australia's biggest cities, Melbourne, experienced three major isolation ("lockdown") periods in 2020 (160 day...
Adverse Events in Studies of Classic Psychedelics
JAMA Psychiatry – September 04, 2024
Summary
Healthy participants experienced zero serious adverse effects from classic hallucinogens like psilocybin. A review of 214 studies (114 analyzable, 3504 participants), using data extraction from PsycINFO and MEDLINE, found serious adverse events in only 4% of those with neuropsychiatric disorders. Nonserious adverse effects needing medicine were similarly rare. While generally well-tolerated in clinical psychology and psychiatry, understanding these psychedelics' neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior is vital for new populations in drug studies, especially for compounds from chemical synthesis and alkaloids.
Abstract
Importance A clear and comprehensive understanding of risks associated with psychedelic-assisted therapy is necessary as investigators extend its a...
Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy Training: An Argument in Support of Firsthand Experience of Nonordinary States of Consciousness in the Development of Competence.
Psychedelic Med (New Rochelle) – September 04, 2024
Summary
For psychedelic-assisted therapy, a compelling perspective suggests personal experience with altered states of consciousness is crucial for therapists. This approach posits that direct engagement with non-ordinary states significantly enhances a practitioner's empathy and effectiveness. It highlights how such journeys deepen understanding of patient experiences, improving therapeutic guidance. This firsthand insight proves invaluable for developing core competence and fostering successful healing.
Abstract
Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy Training: An Argument in Support of Firsthand Experience of Nonordinary States of Consciousness in the Development of ...
Is Personal Experience Essential for Effective Psychedelic Therapists?: The Challenges of Small, Accumulating Therapist Effects.
Psychedelic Med (New Rochelle) – September 04, 2024
Summary
Surprisingly, a therapist's personal encounter with psychedelics may not be the most critical factor for patient success in psychedelic-assisted therapy. This inquiry examined whether a therapist's own experience significantly influences patient outcomes, considering subtle, accumulating effects. The findings suggest that while personal experience might play a role, it's not essential. Instead, a therapist's core skills and professional training are paramount for achieving positive results, underscoring the value of robust therapeutic competence.
Abstract
Is Personal Experience Essential for Effective Psychedelic Therapists?: The Challenges of Small, Accumulating Therapist Effects.
Pharmacological and non-pharmacological predictors of the LSD experience in healthy participants.
Translational psychiatry – September 04, 2024
Summary
Personality traits and mindset before taking LSD significantly shape the psychedelic experience, alongside dosage. Research with 213 healthy participants found that while dose was the strongest predictor of effects, pre-existing mood and openness to new experiences strongly influenced outcomes. People with prior psychedelic experience reported less anxiety, and genetic factors affected anxiety levels during sessions.
Abstract
The pharmacodynamic effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) are diverse and different in different individuals. Effects of other psychoactive s...
A Cross-Sectional Survey Investigating Māori and Non-Māori Cancer Patients' Views on Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in Aotearoa New Zealand.
J Psychoactive Drugs – September 04, 2024
Summary
A significant number of cancer patients in Aotearoa New Zealand are open to exploring psychedelic-assisted therapy. A survey gathered insights from both Māori and non-Māori cancer patients, investigating their views on this innovative approach. Results indicate widespread positive views towards these therapies for improving well-being and managing distress. This highlights a promising path for integrating psychedelic-assisted therapy into supportive cancer care, offering new hope and avenues for healing.
Abstract
A Cross-Sectional Survey Investigating Māori and Non-Māori Cancer Patients' Views on Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in Aotearoa New Zealand.
Newman's theory of health as expanding consciousness: an evolutionary concept analysis.
BMC nursing – September 03, 2024
Summary
Health as expanding consciousness (HEC) links health and disease as part of a journey toward greater awareness. An analysis of 70 studies from 1986 to 2023 reveals that HEC includes key elements like movement, energy, and rhythm, with antecedents such as chaos and choice points. Consequences range from self-transcendence to absolute consciousness. This framework enriches nursing by offering insights applicable to practice, education, research, and management, enhancing understanding of health's role in evolving consciousness, as articulated by Margaret A. Newman and Rodgers' concept analysis.
Abstract
The health as expanding consciousness (HEC) theory posits that health and disease are interconnected components of a comprehensive process aimed at...
Use of Ketamine in Patients with Multifactorial Neuropathic Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) – September 03, 2024
Summary
Chronic nerve pain affects millions, prompting researchers to explore ketamine as a potential solution. While this drug shows promise in other areas of pain management, low-dose ketamine treatments didn't significantly reduce neuropathic pain compared to placebos. Analysis of multiple clinical trials revealed minimal improvements in pain scores and daily function, challenging previous assumptions about ketamine's effectiveness for nerve-related pain conditions.
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a heterogeneous group of conditions characterized by the experience of a number of sensory disturbances including pain, bu...
Plasma leptin levels are lower in females, but not males, with ketamine use disorder.
The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse – September 02, 2024
Summary
Women with ketamine use disorder show uniquely altered leptin hormone levels compared to men, revealing important sex differences in addiction biology. Blood tests of 130 participants demonstrated that females with ketamine use disorder had consistently lower leptin levels than healthy women, while male levels remained normal. During early abstinence, men's leptin levels increased after two weeks, but women's remained low, suggesting distinct recovery patterns between sexes.
Abstract
Background: Ketamine has emerged as a prominent substance of misuse. Leptin, an adipocyte-derived polypeptide hormone, has been implicated in the d...