Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
September 1, 1957
E Rothlin
64 citations
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and related compounds produce profound psychological effects by interacting with serotonin receptors in the brain. The paper describes the pharmacology of LSD, including its chemical structure, absorption, distribution, and metabolism. It discusses how small changes to the LSD molecule can greatly alter its potency and psychological effects. The authors note that LSD acts as a serotonin antagonist in some tissues but produces effects similar to serotonin excess in the central nervous system. The review covers the history of LSD's discovery, its effects on animals and humans, and its potential therapeutic applications in psychiatry.
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
September 1, 1959
G Maffii
58 citations
Rats trained in an avoidance task developed a secondary conditioned response. Testing seventeen drugs showed that chlorpromazine, promazine, reserpine, and morphine blocked both the primary and secondary avoidance responses at doses that did not impair motor function. Meprobamate, hydroxyzine, azacyclonol, phenaglycodol, and phenobarbitone sodium specifically suppressed only the secondary response without affecting the primary avoidance response. Mescaline and iproniazid also produced a specific depression of conditioned behavior. Barbitone sodium, glutethimide, L1458, and mephenesin inhibited conditioned responses only at neurotoxic doses. These findings suggest a new classification of tranquilizing agents and propose that studying the secondary conditioned avoidance response may be a useful experimental approach for assessing behavioral drug actions.
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
April 1, 1964
K Genest, C G Farmilo
48 citations
Thin layer chromatography with Ehrlich's reagent spray can identify and determine lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in mixtures containing heroin, other narcotics, and controlled drugs. When ergot alkaloids are present, confirmation requires additional thin layer chromatography after ultraviolet irradiation and acid hydrolysis. Spectrophotofluorometric analysis measures LSD with a standard error of ±2% even when heroin or other controlled drugs are present. If ergot alkaloids interfere, thin layer separation followed by elution and fluorometric analysis is recommended.
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
September 1, 1978
Mitsutaka Nakamura, Hideaki Fukushima
25 citations
In mice, the compound 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine (5,6-DHT) suppressed head-twitch responses caused by 5-HTP, 5-HT, mescaline, and fludiazepam. The effect varied by drug: 5,6-DHT strongly inhibited twitches from 5-HTP and 5-HT, moderately inhibited those from mescaline, and weakly inhibited those from fludiazepam. These results suggest that head twitches induced by these substances involve different serotonergic mechanisms.
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
September 1, 1977
Joanna Maj, W Palider, A. Rawłów
17 citations
In spinal rats, mescaline dose-dependently depressed the flexor reflex of the hind limb. The effect was partially reversed by the serotonin antagonist methysergide, suggesting involvement of serotonergic mechanisms. No other drugs or behavioral measures were tested.
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
July 1, 1971
Geraldine V. Alliston, Mike Maunder, G F Phillips
16 citations
A new thin-layer chromatography (TLC) system was developed to separate and identify lysergide (LSD) from other related alkaloids. The system uses a silica gel adsorbent and a specific solvent mixture to achieve clear, reproducible separation. The method is designed for forensic and analytical chemistry applications, providing a reliable way to detect LSD in samples. The authors describe the preparation, development, and visualization of the chromatograms, noting that the system effectively distinguishes LSD from other ergot alkaloids. This technique offers a practical tool for drug analysis in laboratory settings.
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
November 1, 1969
R. J. Mesley, W H Evans
14 citations
Infrared spectra of LSD and its tartrate salts were studied, revealing distinct spectral patterns for amorphous and crystalline forms of LSD base, the neutral tartrate, and two forms of the hydrogen tartrate. The neutral tartrate was observed to convert to the hydrogen tartrate over time. While these spectra are distinctive and useful for identifying LSD and its salts, the use of potassium bromide discs for sample preparation was found to alter the spectra of the salts, affecting reproducibility.
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
September 1, 1958
G Maffii, E Soncin
8 citations
Mescaline induces a stereotyped response in mice, measured as spontaneous activity in special cages. Chlorpromazine most specifically blocks this response. Promazine, hexobarbitone, and pentobarbitone also reduce the effect at doses that do not impair motor function, while phenobarbitone has little effect. Meprobamate, mephenesin, a thiadiazole derivative (L 1458), and azacyclonol do not produce specific antagonistic effects at non-paralyzing doses. Atropine does not significantly influence the response, but morphine enhances it.
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
September 1, 2002
Christian Albers, Matthias Lehr, Justus Beike et al.
7 citations
Derivatives of psilocin with functionalized alkyl spacers at the indole nitrogen were synthesized as haptens for a radioimmunoassay. The 3-aminopropyl and 4-aminobutyl analogues decomposed during synthesis, but the 3-carboxypropyl derivative was stable. This compound was coupled to bovine serum albumin (BSA) via N-hydroxysuccinimide ester-mediated conjugation. Mass spectrometry showed an average incorporation of 4–5 psilocin hapten molecules per BSA molecule, characterizing the protein–hapten conjugate.
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
January 1, 1975
Alan S. Horn, Michael L. Post, Olga Kennard et al.
4 citations
The crystal structure of DOET, a psychedelic compound, was determined using X-ray crystallography. No hydrogen bonding was found in the solid state. The side chain of the molecule adopts a staggered position relative to the benzene ring, with the α-methyl group fully extended away from the ring and the amino group bent back toward it. Theoretical calculations revealed six possible side-chain positions with very small energy differences, one matching the crystal form. These findings are compared to the structures of related hallucinogens, mescaline and TMA.
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
November 1, 1970
K. Genest, Lorna J. Lowry
Microcrystallopic tests can identify several hallucinogens—LSD, NN-diethyltryptamine, NN-dimethyltryptamine, bufotenine, psilocin, psilocybin, and STP—by producing characteristic crystal forms. The authors recommend using these tests alongside other analytical methods for forensic identification of these substances.