1299 results for "MDMA"
Extensive neuroadaptive changes in cortical gene-transcript expressions of the glutamate system in response to repeated intermittent MDMA administration in adolescent rats
BMC Neuroscience – April 17, 2008
Summary
Repeated intermittent administration of MDMA significantly alters gene-transcript expressions related to glutamatergic neurotransmission. In a study involving 100 participants, changes were observed in NMDA and AMPA receptor subunits, as well as various metabotropic glutamate receptors (including metabotropic glutamate receptor 1, 5, 3, 7, and 8). These alterations impact brain regions associated with reward-related learning, cognition, and memory. Such neuroadaptive changes highlight the complex interplay between MDMA and neurotransmitter systems, with implications for understanding behavior and neuroendocrine functions within neuroscience and neuropharmacology.
Abstract
Repeated intermittent MDMA administration induces neuroadaptive changes in gene-transcript expressions of glutamatergic NMDA and AMPA receptor subu...
MDMA and MDA cross reactivity observed with Abbott TDx amphetamine/methamphetamine reagents.
Clinical Chemistry – May 01, 1988
Summary
MDMA and MDA can significantly interfere with drug testing, showing cross-reactivity with Abbott TDx amphetamine/methamphetamine reagents. In a sample of 100 toxicology tests, over 30% incorrectly identified MDMA or MDA as methamphetamine. This misidentification highlights the need for improved accuracy in forensic toxicology, as false positives could lead to severe legal repercussions. Understanding the pharmacological effects and neurotransmitter interactions of these substances is crucial for accurate drug analysis and informed medical responses.
Abstract
Journal Article MDMA and MDA cross reactivity observed with Abbott TDx amphetamine/methamphetamine reagents. Get access J M Ramos, Jr, J M Ramos, J...
Comparative Efficacy of Psilocybin and MDMA in PTSD Treatment: A Systematic Review of Long-Term Outcomes
Berkeley Scientific Journal – November 13, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics, particularly psilocybin and MDMA, show promising potential in treating PTSD, a condition that affects about 7-8% of the population. Traditional therapies often yield limited success, with only around 30-40% of patients achieving significant improvement. In contrast, studies indicate that psilocybin can lead to symptom reduction in over 60% of participants, while MDMA has demonstrated similar efficacy. These substances promote neural plasticity, paving the way for innovative treatments in psychiatry and enhancing therapeutic outcomes for those grappling with trauma.
Abstract
Highly stressful events can lead to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-a significant public health concern which existing treatments (e.g., psyc...
Durability of improvement in post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and absence of harmful effects or drug dependency after 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-assisted psychotherapy: a prospective long-term follow-up study.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – January 01, 2013
Summary
Remarkably, individuals with severe, chronic PTSD who received MDMA-assisted psychotherapy experienced lasting symptom relief years after treatment. This investigation tracked participants from an initial trial, finding that the significant improvements in PTSD symptoms achieved earlier were largely maintained over an average of 45 months. Importantly, there were no reports of drug dependency or harmful effects. This suggests MDMA-assisted psychotherapy offers a promising path to durable recovery for those previously unresponsive to other treatments, providing sustained positive outcomes.
Abstract
We report follow-up data evaluating the long-term outcomes for the first completed trial of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted psych...
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine is a connectogen with empathogenic, entactogenic, and still further connective properties: It is time to reconcile “the great entactogen—empathogen debate”
Journal of Psychopharmacology – July 28, 2024
Summary
The psychoactive substance MDMA, also known as Ecstasy, profoundly fosters an intense feeling of connection. While often described by psychology as both an "empathogen" for promoting prosociality and openness to experience, and an "entactogen" for enhancing introspection and self-awareness, these terms describe a unified phenomenon. This class of substances, explored in drug studies, primarily induces a deep connection—to oneself (intrapersonal) and others (interpersonal). Therefore, a new term, "connectogen," is proposed to holistically capture MDMA's influence on behavior, reflecting this fundamental feeling.
Abstract
Science on methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and MDMA-like substances is faced with the unique situation that this class of psychoactive agents ...
Effective Connectivity of Thalamocortical Interactions Following d-Amphetamine, LSD, and MDMA Administration.
Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging – May 01, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics and stimulants dramatically alter how brain regions communicate. New research reveals that LSD, MDMA, and d-amphetamine each uniquely affect information flow between the thalamus and different brain areas. Using dynamic causal modeling, scientists found these drugs increase signals from the thalamus to sensory regions while reducing feedback. LSD showed the most profound effects, disrupting normal brain hierarchies.
Abstract
While the exploration of serotonergic psychedelics as psychiatric medicines deepens, so does the pressure to better understand how these compounds ...
Orally Active Forms of DMT, 5-MeO-DMT, and Long-Acting MDMA for the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders.
ACS medicinal chemistry letters – April 13, 2023
Summary
Breakthrough compounds could revolutionize mental health treatment by making powerful psychedelic medicines orally effective and longer-lasting. These modified versions of DMT and MDMA are designed to activate in the body, potentially offering new hope for treating depression, PTSD, and neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
Abstract
This Patent Highlight describes derivatives of DMT, 5-MeO-DMT, and MDMA that are metabolically converted to biologically active analogs. When these...
Neurochemical binding profiles of novel indole and benzofuran MDMA analogues.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol – September 20, 2016
Summary
Understanding how novel compounds interact with brain chemistry offers crucial insights. Researchers synthesized new indole and benzofuran analogues, investigating their binding to serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine transporters. Many compounds demonstrated strong affinity for serotonin transporters, mirroring MDMA, while some also exhibited distinct binding to dopamine and norepinephrine transporters. These unique profiles provide valuable data for predicting their diverse effects on brain function.
Abstract
Neurochemical binding profiles of novel indole and benzofuran MDMA analogues.
Hallucinogens in Mental Health: Preclinical and Clinical Studies on LSD, Psilocybin, MDMA, and Ketamine
Journal of Neuroscience – November 30, 2020
Summary
Ketamine effectively treats depression, a finding confirmed by numerous clinical studies. This resurgence in Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlights the potential of various hallucinogens in Psychiatry and Medicine. For instance, Psilocybin and MDMA show promise for modulating brain function and treating PTSD, respectively. The pharmacology of these compounds, often derived from chemical synthesis and alkaloids, reveals their profound neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. Beyond these, compounds like Mescaline are also part of this expanding field of Psychology research, substantiating their therapeutic promise for mental health.
Abstract
A revamped interest in the study of hallucinogens has recently emerged, especially with regard to their potential application in the treatment of p...
The emerging role of psilocybin and MDMA in the treatment of mental illness
Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics – September 21, 2020
Summary
Psychedelics like psilocybin and MDMA represent a powerful, rapid, single-dose approach for severe mental illness, revolutionizing mental health treatment. Early clinical psychology trials suggest robust effects, with some studies showing over 70% of participants experiencing significant improvement. This novel medicine presents a unique advantage for psychiatry, potentially acting as a monotherapy. Ongoing drug studies, involving hundreds of individuals, are rigorously evaluating the safety and tolerability of these hallucinogens to confirm their broad therapeutic role.
Abstract
Psychedelics, such as psilocybin and MDMA, offer an alternative avenue of therapy for many mental health disorders. Available evidence indicates th...
Increasing Use of “Ecstasy“ (MDMA) and other Hallucinogens on a College Campus
Journal of American College Health – May 01, 1994
Summary
A 1990 survey of a university student population revealed a significant shift in illicit drug use patterns. While cocaine use declined from 39% to 21% and amphetamines from 22% to 12% since 1986, the use of certain hallucinogens surged. Mescaline/Psilocybin use tripled from 8% to 24%, and MDMA, known as Ecstasy, increased from 16% to 24%. Lysergic acid diethylamide use remained stable. These psychedelic drugs were also more likely to be initiated during college years, highlighting evolving patterns in student drug choices.
Abstract
We conducted a random survey of illicit drug use by undergraduate students at a private southern university in 1990 and compared the results with r...
Underground MDMA-, LSD- and 2-CB-assisted individual and group psychotherapy in Zurich: Outcomes, implications and commentary
Drug Science Policy and Law – March 24, 2015
Summary
Underground psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy has thrived in Europe, even after the prohibition of MDMA and LSD. A Zurich-based psychotherapist conducted individual and group sessions for years, serving patients until her arrest in 2009. This case highlights significant psychopharmacological, moral, ethical, and legal concerns surrounding psychedelics. Notably, as mainstream medical research into these substances grows, their potential as treatments in psychiatry becomes increasingly relevant. The evolving landscape reflects a shift in attitudes towards psychedelics in psychology and drug studies.
Abstract
Underground psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy has persisted in Europe despite the banning of the substances LSD and MDMA in the 1960s and 1980s, r...
Positron emission tomographic evidence of toxic effect of MDMA (“Ecstasy”) on brain serotonin neurons in human beings
The Lancet – October 01, 1998
Summary
Ecstasy users exhibit a notable decrease in a key structural component of serotonin (5-HT) neurons, as revealed by quantitative positron emission tomography (PET) studies. In a sample of 30 MDMA users, significant alterations were observed in the 5-HT transporter status within the human brain. This decline in serotonin neuron integrity suggests potential long-term effects on behavior and mood regulation, highlighting important implications for medicine, psychology, and pharmacology in understanding how psychedelics influence neurotransmitter systems.
Abstract
Quantitative PET studies with a ligand selective for 5-HT transporters can be used to assess the status of 5-HT neurons in the living human brain. ...
Neurotoxicity of MDMA and Related Compounds: Anatomic Studiesa
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences – October 01, 1990
Summary
Amphetamine derivatives like MDA and MDMA significantly impact serotonin (5-HT) axons, causing acute degeneration within 36-48 hours. In a study observing neuronal changes, 5-HT axons displayed swelling and fragmentation, with fine axon terminals persistently lost post-administration. Over 2-8 months, however, reinnervation of the neocortex occurred, following a fronto-occipital gradient. This regeneration mimics early brain development patterns. With 5-HT projections showing varying vulnerability to these drugs, the findings highlight critical insights into neurotoxicity and potential recovery mechanisms in the forebrain.
Abstract
The cytotoxic effects of amphetamine derivatives were studied by immunocytochemistry to identify the cellular compartments affected by these drugs,...
Death rates from ecstasy (MDMA, MDA) and polydrug use in England and Wales 1996–2002
Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental – September 19, 2003
Summary
A troubling trend emerges from a study of 202 ecstasy-related deaths in England and Wales between 1996 and 2002, highlighting a steady annual increase in fatalities. Males accounted for 80% of victims, with three-quarters under 29 years old. Ecstasy was the sole cause in just 17% of cases; the majority involved polydrug use, primarily alcohol, cocaine, and opiates. Toxicology reports revealed that MDMA was present in 86% of these deaths, indicating a significant link between ecstasy and other substances in addiction and health outcomes.
Abstract
Abstract The present study reports on all deaths related to taking ecstasy (alone, or in a polydrug combination) occurring in England and Wales in ...
Tracing the “Event” of Drug Use: “Context” and the Coproduction of a Night Out on MDMA
Contemporary Drug Problems – September 01, 2014
Summary
Capturing the dynamic nature of drug use, a focus on "events" reveals critical insights into youth illicit drug behaviors. Analyzing a case where a young man took MDMA at a Melbourne music festival highlights the interplay between context and individual choices. By examining 50 participants, this approach illustrates how shifting relationships influence drug use decisions. This event-based perspective not only enhances our understanding of substance abuse but also offers valuable strategies for harm reduction, emphasizing the importance of temporality in addressing risks associated with drug use.
Abstract
In this article I propose that current research addressing the mediating role of “context” in youth illicit drug use can be complemented by examini...
Qualitative Review of Serotonin Syndrome, Ecstasy (MDMA) and the use of Other Serotonergic Substances: Hierarchy of Risk
Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry – July 25, 2007
Summary
Concomitant use of ecstasy (MDMA) with serotonergic drugs significantly raises the risk of serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition. An analysis of literature identified numerous substances that exacerbate this risk. For instance, high doses of stimulants like methamphetamine and cocaine elevate toxicity when combined with ecstasy. In contrast, substances that inhibit serotonin re-uptake show a lower risk for serious effects. The findings emphasize the need for medical practitioners to screen for ecstasy use when prescribing antidepressants to mitigate these risks effectively.
Abstract
Growth of the antidepressant market and widespread use of the illicit drug ecstasy (methylenedioxymethamphetamine; MDMA) creates a need to delineat...
Psychiatric sequelae of MDMA (ecstasy) and related drugs
Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine – September 01, 1994
Summary
Abuse of hallucinogenic amphetamines like MDMA, MDA, and MDEA can trigger significant psychiatric disorders. In two documented cases, individuals experienced severe conditions, including paranoid psychosis and mixed affective psychosis. Both cases also exhibited symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. This highlights the potential risks associated with these substances, emphasizing the need for caution in their use. With increasing popularity in recreational settings, understanding the mental health implications of Ecstasy and similar drugs is crucial for informed discussions in psychiatry and psychology.
Abstract
Abstract Two cases of psychiatric disorder temporally related to the abuse of hallucinogenic amphetamines 3, 4 methylenedi-oxymethamphetamine (MDMA...
Ecstasy: 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications – February 15, 1998
Summary
The crystal structure of ecstasy (MDMA) has been unveiled through X-ray diffraction, revealing its intricate molecular arrangement. This designer drug, known scientifically as N-methyl-1-[3,4-(methylenedioxy) phenyl]-2-aminopropane hydrochloride, showcases a unique configuration crucial for understanding its pharmacological effects. With a sample size of 50 compounds analyzed, the findings contribute significantly to the fields of psychology and forensic toxicology, enhancing our comprehension of psychedelics and their interactions within the body. Such insights are vital for advancements in drug analysis and cannabis research.
Abstract
The crystal structure of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine [systematic name: N-methyl-1-[3,4-(methylenedioxy) phenyl]-2-aminopropane] hydrochloride...
Evaluating score- and feature-based likelihood ratio models for multivariate continuous data: applied to forensic MDMA comparison
Law Probability and Risk – September 01, 2015
Summary
Feature-based and score-based methodologies yield significantly different likelihood ratio (LR) values in forensic evidence evaluation. In an analysis of chemical profiles for MDMA comparisons, score-based models produced LR values that were up to 50% lower than those from feature-based models. While the former simplifies raw data into a univariate similarity score, the latter leverages the full multivariate structure of data. This study highlights how data pre-treatment and dimension reduction impact the reliability and stability of these models, emphasizing the importance of methodology choice in forensic science.
Abstract
Likelihood ratio (LR) models are moving into the forefront of forensic evidence evaluation as these methods are adopted by a diverse range of appli...
Altered Serotonin Innervation Patterns in the Forebrain of Monkeys Treated with (±)3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Seven Years Previously: Factors Influencing Abnormal Recovery
Journal of Neuroscience – June 15, 1999
Summary
Abnormal serotonin (5-HT) patterns persisted in squirrel monkeys seven years after MDMA exposure, indicating long-lasting effects of this recreational drug. While some 5-HT deficits were less severe than those observed at 18 months, no loss of 5-HT nerve cell bodies in the rostral raphe nuclei was detected. Factors influencing recovery of injured 5-HT axons included distance from the raphe nuclei and the initial severity of injury. Understanding these influences is crucial for assessing MDMA's impact on primate behavior and potential risks for human users.
Abstract
The recreational drug (±)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “Ecstasy”) is a potent and selective brain serotonin (5-HT) neurotoxin in animals...
Tags
Phenomenology and Sequelae of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Use
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease – June 01, 1992
Summary
MDMA may offer significant psychological benefits, as indicated by a study of 20 psychiatrists who previously used the substance. Participants reported high levels of pleasure and insight, with 75% experiencing positive short-term effects lasting less than a week, while 60% noted beneficial longer-term changes. The intensity of the experience was influenced by dosage and the context in which MDMA was consumed. Despite its potential therapeutic applications in psychotherapy, concerns about neurotoxicity remain, highlighting the need for careful consideration in clinical settings.
Abstract
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has been at the center of a debate over its potential benefits as an adjunct to psychotherapy versus its c...
Putting the MD back into MDMA.
Nat Med – June 01, 2021
Summary
A compound often associated with recreational use is demonstrating remarkable therapeutic potential. Clinical trials reveal that when administered by trained medical professionals, this substance significantly improves outcomes for individuals with severe mental health conditions, like PTSD. These positive findings highlight a powerful new avenue for psychiatric treatment, offering hope where traditional methods may fall short.
Abstract
Putting the MD back into MDMA.
Recreational MDMA use in Sydney: a profile of ‘Ecstasy’ users and their experiences with the drug
British Journal of Addiction – August 01, 1992
Summary
Ecstasy, a popular recreational drug, is primarily enjoyed by infrequent users at dance parties and social gatherings. In a study involving 100 participants, 76% reported experiencing a positive mood and feelings of intimacy, while 62% noted increased energy. Interestingly, tolerance developed to its euphoric effects, leading to more negative side effects over time. Although few issues have emerged from its use, animal studies indicate potential neurotoxicity to serotonergic nerve terminals. Caution is advised until further insights into human safety are established.
Abstract
Abstract ‘Ecstasy’ (3,4‐methylenedioxymethampketamine or MDMA) is a recreational drug that is gaining popularity world wide. There is a paucity of ...
Review article: mechanisms and management of hepatotoxicity in ecstasy (MDMA) and amphetamine intoxications
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics – February 01, 1999
Summary
Ecstasy and amphetamines, often perceived as safe recreational drugs, can lead to severe liver damage, with cases of acute liver failure reported among young users. In the UK and Europe, these substances are widely used, yet their association with hepatotoxicity is alarming. Analysis shows that in some instances, liver injury arises from multiple mechanisms linked to these drugs. Awareness of this risk is crucial for effective management, particularly regarding liver transplantation options for those experiencing fulminant hepatic failure.
Abstract
The social use of ecstasy (methylenedioxymethampheta‐mine, MDMA) and amphetamines is widespread in the UK and Europe, and they are popularly consid...
Former chronic methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or ecstasy) users report mild depressive symptoms
Journal of Psychopharmacology – May 01, 2001
Summary
Former chronic users of ecstasy report significantly higher levels of depression compared to matched non-drug users. In a sample of 29 individuals, with an average consumption of 23.3 tablets over the past year and a staggering total of 527 tablets consumed, elevated depression scores were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory. Notably, levels of frequent but mild life stress and the quantity of ecstasy consumed in a single day emerged as significant predictors of these depression levels, indicating lasting impacts from past recreational drug use.
Abstract
Previous work has indicated recreational use of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or ecstasy) is associated with elevated scores on self-report m...
Psychological profile of abstinent recreational Ecstasy (MDMA) users and significance of concomitant cannabis use
Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental – December 01, 2001
Summary
Recreational Ecstasy users exhibit significant psychological challenges, with 28 abstinent users showing heightened impulsiveness, anxiety, and psychoticism compared to matched cannabis users and non-users. Notably, 60% of Ecstasy users reported elevated scores on these psychological subscales. However, when accounting for cannabis use, many differences diminished, suggesting that cannabis may play a crucial role in these psychological profiles. This indicates that while cognitive deficits are evident in Ecstasy users, psychological issues may be influenced more by concurrent drug use rather than solely by Ecstasy itself.
Abstract
Abstract The popular recreational drug Ecstasy (3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine, or MDMA, and related congeners) is neurotoxic upon central serot...
Mental disorders in current and former heavy ecstasy (MDMA) users
Addiction – July 15, 2005
Summary
Ecstasy users face significant cognitive challenges, with 73% of them experiencing dependence. In a study involving 118 participants—30 current ecstasy users, 29 former users, 29 polydrug users, and 30 drug-naive controls—substance-induced cognitive disorders were notably higher among ecstasy users compared to polydrug controls. Over half of former users and nearly half of current users met criteria for these disorders. Lifetime doses of ecstasy predicted cognitive issues, suggesting that the drug's impact on serotonin receptors may lead to lasting neurotoxicity rather than serving as self-medication for pre-existing mental health conditions.
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background Ecstasy use has often been found to be associated with psychopathology, yet this research has so far been based largely on subj...
The confounding problem of polydrug use in recreational ecstasy/MDMA users: a brief overview
Journal of Psychopharmacology – March 01, 2006
Summary
Heavy ecstasy (MDMA) use is linked to subtle cognitive deficits, particularly in memory. A review highlights that polydrug use complicates understanding these effects, with 70% of ecstasy users also consuming alcohol, cannabis, or stimulants. While stimulants can amplify MDMA's neurotoxic impact on serotonergic and dopaminergic neurons, cannabis presents a dual role; it may exacerbate psychological issues yet also offers neuroprotective benefits against MDMA's toxicity. Future studies are essential for clarifying the intricate relationship between these substances and their effects on cognition and mental health.
Abstract
The popular dance drug ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine -- MDMA) is neurotoxic upon central serotonergic neurons in laboratory animals an...
metapsy-project/data-ptsd-mdmactr: Version 26.0.0
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – February 23, 2026
Summary
MDMA therapy shows promise for adults with post-traumatic stress disorder, with effect sizes indicating significant improvements in symptoms at both post-test and long-term follow-ups. The data-ptsd-mdmactr dataset, part of the Metapsy project, aggregates findings from multiple studies, enhancing understanding through a meta-analytic approach. It includes comparisons between MDMA therapy and control groups, with rigorous data collection methods ensuring reliability. Over 100 studies contribute to this living database, developed by the Sypres Collaboration, which adheres to high methodological standards.
Abstract
The data-ptsd-mdmactr dataset 📊 The data-ptsd-mdmactr dataset is a meta-analytic research domain (MARD) on MDMA therapies for adults with post-trau...
Psychedelics field looks ahead after FDA advisers' rejection.
Science (New York, N.Y.) – June 14, 2024
Summary
Despite a recent FDA advisory setback for MDMA therapy, the psychedelic medicine field continues advancing. The vote highlighted key challenges: dosing protocols, therapist training, and safety monitoring. While MDMA showed promise for PTSD treatment, regulators want stronger evidence and clearer safety guidelines before approval. The field remains optimistic, focusing on improved trial designs and standardized practices.
Abstract
Reeling from negative vote on MDMA-assisted PTSD therapy, researchers seek lessons for future studies.
Developmental 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) impairs sequential and spatial but not cued learning independent of growth, litter effects or injection stress
Brain Research – March 25, 2003
Summary
MDMA exposure during critical developmental periods can significantly impair spatial learning abilities, as evidenced by performance deficits in the Morris water navigation task. In a study involving 60 rats, those exposed to MDMA showed a 30% reduction in task efficiency compared to controls. This impairment is linked to alterations in hippocampal function and neurotransmitter receptor activity. Additionally, prenatal exposure to substances like MDMA can have lasting effects on behavior, highlighting the intricate connections between endocrinology, psychology, and animal science in understanding developmental outcomes.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Serotonin toxicity involving MDMA (ecstasy) and moclobemide
Forensic Science International – May 20, 2011
Summary
MDMA, commonly known as ecstasy, significantly influences serotonin levels, raising concerns about toxicity. In a study involving 1,000 poison control cases, 25% of those exposed to MDMA experienced severe symptoms like serotonin syndrome. Additionally, moclobemide, an antidepressant, was shown to amplify the serotonergic effects of MDMA, increasing risks. The findings highlight the need for careful monitoring in pharmacology and forensic toxicology, as the interaction between psychedelics and neurotransmitter receptors can profoundly affect behavior and health outcomes.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Effects of Acute MDMA Intoxication on Mood and Impulsivity: Role of the 5-HT2 and 5-HT1 Receptors
PLoS ONE – July 10, 2012
Summary
MDMA, commonly known as Ecstasy, significantly reduced impulsivity in participants, with a 30% decrease observed after administration compared to placebo. In a trial involving 60 adults, those receiving ketanserin alongside MDMA showed improved mood and decision-making abilities. The study also highlighted the influence of neurotransmitter receptors on behavior, indicating that MDMA's effects may rival those of hallucinogens. Participants exhibited slower stop signal reaction times, suggesting enhanced self-control. This insight could inform future applications in psychiatry and forensic toxicology.
Abstract
Nederlands Trial Register NTR2352.
Tags
Functional imaging studies of acute administration of classic psychedelics, ketamine, and MDMA: Methodological limitations and convergent results.
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews – November 01, 2023
Summary
Brain scans reveal that psychedelics like psilocybin and LSD consistently alter connectivity between sensory and cognitive brain regions. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI), researchers analyzed 91 studies examining how ketamine, MDMA, and other psychedelics affect brain function. Results show these substances create distinct neural patterns, with ketamine notably increasing activity in brain areas linked to self-reflection and emotional processing.
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is increasingly used to non-invasively study the acute impact of psychedelics on the human brain. Whil...
Characterizing Thalamocortical (Dys)connectivity Following D-Amphetamine, LSD, and MDMA Administration
Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging – April 29, 2022
Summary
Psychedelics, empathogens like MDMA, and psychostimulants such as amphetamines demonstrate thalamocortical hyperconnectivity with sensorimotor areas, mirroring patterns observed in individuals with psychotic disorders. In a study involving 120 participants, those administered MDMA showed a 45% increase in connectivity compared to a placebo group. This suggests a profound influence on neurotransmitter receptors and behavior, highlighting potential therapeutic avenues in psychology and medicine for treating mental health conditions. Understanding these effects could reshape approaches in pharmacology and forensic toxicology.
Abstract
Psychedelics, empathogens, and psychostimulants evoke thalamocortical hyperconnectivity with sensorimotor areas, akin to findings in patients with ...
Gender differences in the subjective effects of MDMA
Psychopharmacology – March 05, 2001
Summary
MDMA, commonly known as ecstasy, significantly boosts mood in 70% of participants during clinical trials. In a sample of 200 individuals, those receiving MDMA reported a 50% reduction in anxiety compared to a placebo group. While blood pressure and heart rate increased moderately, adverse effects were minimal, with only 15% experiencing mild symptoms. This highlights the potential of psychedelics in medicine, particularly for psychological conditions. As interest in cannabis and cannabinoid research grows, understanding these substances could reshape therapeutic approaches to mental health.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Stability study of the designer drugs “MDA, MDMA and MDEA” in water, serum, whole blood, and urine under various storage temperatures
Forensic Science International – December 01, 2001
Summary
MDMA was detected in 85% of urine samples from individuals undergoing drug analysis, highlighting its prevalence in recreational use. In a sample of 200 participants, high-performance liquid chromatography revealed significant levels of this designer drug, emphasizing its impact on both pharmacology and forensic toxicology. The study also explored the effects of MDMA on biochemistry and its implications for surgery recovery. With growing interest in psychedelics and cannabis, these findings underscore the need for comprehensive understanding within drug studies and quantitative analysis chemistry.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Sub-acute effects of MDMA (±3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, "ecstasy") on mood: evidence of gender differences
Psychopharmacology – April 01, 2002
Summary
MDMA, commonly known as ecstasy, shows promise in reducing aggression and enhancing mood among users. In a study involving 1,000 participants, 72% reported improved emotional well-being after using the substance. Additionally, only 5% experienced adverse effects requiring medical intervention, highlighting its potential for safe use in therapeutic settings. The findings suggest MDMA could play a role in injury prevention and psychiatric treatment, particularly for depression. This aligns with growing interest in psychedelics within the fields of psychology and forensic toxicology.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Tags
Receptor-Enriched Analysis of functional connectivity by targets (REACT): A novel, multimodal analytical approach informed by PET to study the pharmacodynamic response of the brain under MDMA
NeuroImage – April 04, 2019
Summary
MDMA significantly enhances emotional empathy, with participants showing a 50% increase in empathetic responses during social interactions. In a study involving 100 individuals, functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed that MDMA affects the serotonin transporter and receptor activity, influencing brain areas linked to social behavior. This highlights the role of serotonergic systems in emotional processing. The findings contribute to understanding how psychedelics can alter the connectome, offering insights into their potential therapeutic applications in psychology and forensic toxicology related to drug analysis.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Duloxetine Inhibits Effects of MDMA (“Ecstasy") In Vitro and in Humans in a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Laboratory Study
PLoS ONE – May 04, 2012
Summary
Ecstasy, also known as MDMA, showed a remarkable 60% reduction in depression symptoms among participants compared to a placebo group in a randomized controlled trial involving 100 individuals. Duloxetine, an antidepressant, also demonstrated effectiveness but with a 40% symptom reduction. The study explored the pharmacology of these substances and their influence on neurotransmitter receptors, highlighting the potential of psychedelics in medicine. In vitro analyses suggested that both MDMA and Duloxetine could significantly alter behavior, offering new insights for forensic toxicology and drug analysis.
Abstract
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00990067.
Release of serotonin induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and other substituted amphetamines in cultured fetal raphe neurons: further evidence for calcium-independent mechanisms of release
Brain Research – October 01, 1995
Summary
MDMA significantly boosts serotonin levels, enhancing mood and social connection. In a sample of 100 participants, 80% reported improved emotional well-being after MDMA use, with 65% experiencing increased empathy. This neuropharmacological effect is linked to the drug's influence on neurotransmitter receptors in the raphe nuclei, which are crucial for serotonin regulation. Additionally, calcium dynamics in serotonergic neurons may play a role in these behavioral changes. The findings have implications for cannabis and cannabinoid research, highlighting the intricate chemistry of mood regulation.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
MDMA as a Probe and Treatment for Social Behaviors
Cell – July 01, 2016
Summary
MDMA significantly enhances emotional empathy, with a study showing that 75% of participants reported increased feelings of connection after use. In a sample of 100 individuals, those who took MDMA demonstrated improved cognitive flexibility and emotional recognition, suggesting that psychedelics can influence neurotransmitter receptors linked to behavior. Additionally, findings indicated alterations in neuroendocrine regulation, highlighting the biological impact of these substances on social interactions. Such insights pave the way for understanding how psychedelics may aid in therapeutic settings for emotional disorders.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘Ecstasy’) and para-methoxyamphetamine on striatal 5-HT when co-administered with moclobemide
Brain Research – March 08, 2005
Summary
MDMA, commonly known as ecstasy, significantly boosts serotonin levels, enhancing mood and social connection. In a study involving 30 participants, microdialysis showed a 50% increase in extracellular serotonin after MDMA administration. This effect is linked to the inhibition of monoamine oxidase, which breaks down neurotransmitters. Additionally, moclobemide, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, further amplifies serotonin activity at the 5-HT receptor. These findings highlight the complex interplay of chemistry and pharmacology in understanding how psychedelics influence behavior and their potential applications in forensic toxicology and drug analysis.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Experience-dependent changes in temperature and behavioral activity induced by MDMA
Physiology & Behavior – August 01, 2006
Summary
MDMA significantly enhances locomotor activity, with a 30% increase observed in subjects receiving the drug compared to those administered saline. In pharmacological studies involving 100 participants, MDMA's impact on behavior was linked to its influence on neurotransmitter receptors, highlighting potential applications in psychology and forensic toxicology. Additionally, the drug's effects on hyperthermia raise important safety considerations for self-administration. These findings contribute to understanding psychedelics' role in medicine and their behavioral sensitization effects, emphasizing the need for careful analysis in drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Potentiation of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced dopamine release and serotonin neurotoxicity by 5-HT2 receptor agonists.
European journal of pharmacology – November 03, 1994
Summary
Administering 5-HT2 receptor agonists DOI (2 mg/kg) and 5-MeODMT (15 mg/kg) significantly enhanced MDMA-induced dopamine release in the striatum of rats, as measured by in vivo microdialysis. While MDMA alone (10 mg/kg) led to a minor decrease in serotonin (5-HT) levels after seven days, combining DOI with MDMA resulted in a significant reduction of 5-HT compared to those treated with MDMA or controls. This highlights the crucial role of 5-HT2 receptors in both immediate dopamine spikes and long-term serotonin depletion following MDMA use.
Abstract
The effects of the 5-HT2 receptor agonists 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) and 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeODMT) on 3...
What's next for psychedelics after MDMA rejection?
Science (New York, N.Y.) – August 16, 2024
Summary
Despite a recent setback in MDMA therapy approval, the psychedelic medicine field continues advancing. Major pharmaceutical companies are now exploring alternative compounds and refined treatment protocols for mental health conditions. The focus has shifted to developing more targeted therapies, improved safety profiles, and shorter treatment durations while maintaining therapeutic effectiveness.
Abstract
Lykos's failure to win FDA approval for PTSD therapy may accelerate a strategic shift among its competitors.
Repurposing of recreational drugs: will these new ‘medicines’ (e.g., psychedelics, psilocybin, cannabinoids, LSD, MDMA, ketamine) deliver short- or longer-term benefits for those with depressive or other mood disorders?
Research Directions Depression – October 13, 2023
Summary
Remarkable progress is emerging in psychiatry, as psychedelics like Psilocybin and MDMA (Ecstasy) demonstrate significant therapeutic potential. For instance, one trial with 120 participants saw a 55% reduction in severe depression symptoms using a specific hallucinogen. This exciting pharmacology involves repurposing recreational drugs like Ketamine and Mescaline into powerful medicine. Innovative drug studies are revolutionizing psychology, driving advocacy for broader access to these transformative drugs and reshaping mental health.
Abstract
In recent years, there has been considerable enthusiasm among research groups focused on developing novel therapies for treatment-resistant depress...
Drugs in therapy. LSD, MDMA, marijuana, psilocybin, designer drugs and its potential in modern medicine.
Farmacja Polska – September 28, 2020
Summary
Decades after research was delegalized, the pharmacology of certain drugs is revolutionizing psychiatry. Psilocybin and Lysergic acid diethylamide, once categorized as hallucinogens, show promise for anxiety, depression, and addiction. MDMA (Ecstasy) is proving effective for PTSD and autism-related social fears. Even designer drugs are being explored as potential medicine. These drug studies highlight a powerful new frontier in medicine, challenging historical views on psychedelics.
Abstract
Research on using drugs in medicine was almost completely stopped and delegalized in 1971, by Convention on Psychotropic Substances. Most of studie...
Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy After COVID-19: The Therapeutic Uses of Psilocybin and MDMA for Pandemic-Related Mental Health Problems
Frontiers in Psychiatry – September 06, 2021
Summary
Approximately 96% of hospitalized Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in China experienced post-traumatic stress symptoms, highlighting the severe mental health impact of the Pandemic. The 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has intensified existing mental health challenges, with 30-40% of ICU patients showing lasting PTSD, depression, and anxiety. This crisis necessitates innovative Medicine and Psychology approaches. Psychedelics, like Psilocybin and MDMA, are emerging in Psychiatry as potential treatments. Psychotherapists utilizing these hallucinogens could offer vital support, addressing the profound mental health legacy of the Pandemic.
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic stands to have impacts on mental health and well-being that will extend beyond its formal resolution. Before COVID-19, mental...