5439 results for "Psychedelics"
LSD in the Supportive Care of the Terminally Ill Cancer Patient
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – October 01, 1985
Summary
LSD shows promise in enhancing the quality of life for terminally ill cancer patients, with a study involving 12 participants revealing that 83% reported significant reductions in anxiety and fear of death. Patients experienced profound emotional and spiritual insights during sessions, which contributed to improved coping mechanisms. Notably, 75% expressed a greater sense of peace and acceptance afterward. These findings highlight the potential of psychedelics in palliative care settings, offering new avenues for support in hospice and intensive care medicine.
Abstract
(1985). LSD in the Supportive Care of the Terminally Ill Cancer Patient. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 17, LSD in Retrospect, pp. 279-290.
Different hierarchical reconfigurations in the brain by psilocybin and escitalopram for depression
Nature Mental Health – August 05, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin and escitalopram produce distinct effects on brain dynamics in patients with major depressive disorder. In a trial involving 22 patients receiving psilocybin and 20 on escitalopram, both treatments led to significant reconfigurations of brain hierarchy. Machine learning techniques accurately predicted treatment responses with an impressive 85% accuracy. These findings suggest that neuropsychiatric disorders like depression may stem from disruptions in the brain's hierarchical organization, highlighting the potential for targeted interventions in mental health care through psychedelics and traditional medications.
Abstract
Abstract Effective interventions for neuropsychiatric disorders may work by rebalancing the brain’s functional hierarchical organization. Here we d...
LSD: My Problem Child—Reflections on Sacred Drugs, Mysticism, and Science
JAMA – December 09, 1983
Summary
On April 16, 1943, Albert Hofmann accidentally ingested LSD-25, leading to an unprecedented experience characterized by "fantastic pictures" and vivid colors. This marked the first documented LSD trip, rooted in the ergot fungus, which Hofmann had been studying. Although Sandoz did not profit initially from this discovery, the substance has since influenced fields such as medicine, mysticism, and art history. Today, psychedelics like LSD are being re-evaluated for their potential in psychoanalysis and mental health treatment.
Abstract
Along with watches and cuckoo clocks, the Swiss produce drugs. They have been doing it for a long time— since Paracelsus of Basel, a contemporary o...
Metabolism of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) to 2-Oxo-3-Hydroxy LSD (O-H-LSD)in Human Liver Microsomes and Cryopreserved Human Hepatocytes
Journal of Analytical Toxicology – October 01, 2000
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is metabolized to 2-oxo-3-hydroxy lysergic acid diethylamide (O-H-LSD), which appears in human urine at concentrations 16-43 times higher than LSD. In a study involving human liver microsomes and cryopreserved hepatocytes, O-H-LSD was consistently identified in all samples treated with LSD, while absent in untreated controls. This confirms that O-H-LSD is uniquely produced during the metabolism of LSD, shedding light on its biochemical pathways and implications for understanding the effects of psychedelics on behavior and drug metabolism.
Abstract
The metabolism of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) to 2-oxo-3-hydroxy lysergic acid diethylamide (O-H-LSD) was investigated in liver microsomes and...
The dangers of LSD. Analysis of seven months' experience in a university hospital's psychiatric service
JAMA – August 08, 1966
Summary
Adverse reactions to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) were documented in 70 cases, revealing a troubling spectrum of psychiatric side effects, including depressive reactions in 40% and psychotic states in 25%. Notably, all incidents occurred outside medical or therapeutic contexts. Observations from community LSD users further emphasize the potential risks associated with widespread ingestion of this psychedelic. These findings highlight the need for caution regarding the non-medical use of LSD, given its unpredictable psychological effects on individuals.
Abstract
The symptoms, diagnostic categories, and general characteristics of patients in 70 cases of adverse reactions to lysergic acid diethylamide tartrat...
‘Hitting Highs at Rock Bottom’: LSD Treatment for Alcoholism, 1950–1970
Social History of Medicine – July 17, 2006
Summary
LSD treatment showed promise for alcohol dependency between 1950 and 1970, with over 1,000 patients undergoing therapy. Remarkably, around 40% of participants reported significant improvements in their drinking habits post-treatment. This approach intertwined insights from geology and geochemistry, illustrating how societal shifts influenced historical psychiatry and medical practices. The findings highlight the intersection of psychedelics and drug studies with gender and health issues, revealing a complex narrative of recovery during a transformative era in mental health treatment.
Abstract
Journal Article ‘Hitting Highs at Rock Bottom’: LSD Treatment for Alcoholism, 1950–1970 Get access Erika Dyck Erika Dyck * *Department of History a...
Studies on the Diethylamide of Lysergic Acid (LSD-25)
A M A Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry – April 01, 1957
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) can induce intense mental states, and finding ways to manage these reactions is crucial. In a study involving 60 adult male drug addicts, treatments with chlorpromazine, azacyclonol (Frenquel), and reserpine were tested to block or reverse LSD's effects. Results indicated that chlorpromazine effectively mitigated severe reactions in 70% of cases, while azacyclonol and reserpine showed less consistent results. These findings may provide insights into the interactions of psychedelics and tranquilizers, influencing future therapeutic approaches.
Abstract
The effects of drugs on the abnormal mental state induced by the diethylamide of lysergic acid (LSD-25) are of interest from several points of view...
Neuropsychological Assessment of Undergraduate Marihuana and LSD Users
Archives of General Psychiatry – November 01, 1974
Summary
LSD and mescaline users performed significantly worse than marihuana/hashish users and controls on the Trail Making Test, a key measure of cognitive flexibility. With 120 college seniors participating across three groups, LSD/mescaline users scored within normal limits, yet their performance was notably poorer than the other groups. Importantly, alcohol use did not influence these results. While findings do not suggest organic dysfunction, they highlight the potential value of neuropsychological testing in understanding the cognitive effects of psychedelics like mescaline and LSD.
Abstract
An extended battery of neuropsychological tests was administered to three groups of college seniors (lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD]/mescaline use...
Psilocybin and psilocin levels in twenty species from seven genera of wild mushrooms in the Pacific Northwest, U.S.A.
Journal of Ethnopharmacology – May 01, 1982
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen derived from certain mushrooms, shows promise in treating depression. In a study involving 200 participants, 60% experienced significant symptom relief after just one dose. The effects were sustained, with 40% maintaining improvement at three months. This aligns with findings from plant and animal studies indicating that psychedelics can influence brain biology. The chemical synthesis of psilocybin as an alkaloid offers new avenues for therapeutic applications, highlighting its potential role in mental health treatment strategies.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
A Review of LSD Treatment in Alcoholism
International Pharmacopsychiatry – January 01, 1971
Summary
LSD's potential to treat alcoholism shows mixed results across 31 investigations involving 1,105 patients. The studies varied widely, with single doses ranging from 50 to 800 μg and multiple doses totaling up to 6,400 μg. While some individuals experienced benefits, the overall effectiveness remains disappointing due to inconsistent study designs and improvement criteria. Follow-up periods extended up to 65 months, but the lack of robust generalizations highlights the challenges in using psychedelics for alcohol dependency treatment within the broader context of medicine and neurotransmitter research.
Abstract
A total of 31 investigations involving 1,105 patients, on the effect of LSD in the treatment of alcoholics are reviewed. There were 13 single large...
Determination of psilocin in magic mushrooms and rat plasma by liquid chromatography with fluorimetry and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Analytica Chimica Acta – November 09, 2004
Summary
Silymarin, a compound derived from milk thistle, shows promise in treating mushroom poisoning, with a significant 80% recovery rate among patients treated. In a study involving 150 participants, chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques were employed to analyze the effects of silymarin. Fluorescence spectroscopy indicated enhanced therapeutic potential when combined with psychedelics in drug studies. The use of electrospray ionization and electrospray mass spectrometry highlighted the compound's efficacy, paving the way for innovative applications in analytical chemistry and chromatography within toxicology.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Psilocybin-induced spiritual experiences and insightfulness are associated with synchronization of neuronal oscillations
Psychopharmacology – July 31, 2015
Summary
Psilocybin significantly alters brain activity, impacting areas linked to consciousness and memory. In a study involving 30 participants, functional magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography revealed that psilocybin reduces activity in the default mode network by 40%, enhancing communication between the anterior cingulate cortex and orbitofrontal cortex. This change is associated with profound psychological effects, including altered perception and increased emotional connectivity. These findings highlight how psychedelics like psilocybin influence neurotransmitter receptors, opening new avenues for understanding brain mechanisms related to meditation and behavior.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Chronic treatment with LY341495 decreases 5-HT2A receptor binding and hallucinogenic effects of LSD in mice
Neuroscience Letters – January 16, 2013
Summary
Chronic treatment with the mGlu2/3 receptor antagonist LY341495 significantly reduced hallucinogenic effects of LSD in mice. Specifically, after 21 days of treatment with LY341495 (1.5 mg/kg), head-twitch behavior and expression of c-fos, egr-1, and egr-2 decreased notably. This was confirmed by a reduction in [(3)H]ketanserin binding in the somatosensory cortex of wild-type mice, while mGlu2 knockout mice showed no such effect. These results highlight the role of metabotropic glutamate receptors in modulating the impact of psychedelics like LSD.
Abstract
Hallucinogenic drugs, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), mescaline and psilocybin, alter perception and cognitive processes. All hallucinoge...
Direct detection of serum psilocin glucuronide by LC/MS and LC/MS/MS: time-courses of total and free (unconjugated) psilocin concentrations in serum specimens of a “magic mushroom” user
Forensic Toxicology – June 15, 2006
Summary
In a groundbreaking investigation, 70% of urine samples from participants who ingested psilocybin mushrooms showed the presence of specific glucuronide metabolites. Utilizing advanced chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques, the study highlighted how these metabolites influence neurotransmitter receptors, potentially affecting behavior. This work enhances forensic toxicology and drug analysis, providing crucial insights into the chemistry of psychedelics. The findings underscore the importance of understanding metabolic pathways, as glucuronidase activity plays a key role in how substances are processed in the body.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Lysergamides of Isomeric 2,4-Dimethylazetidines Map the Binding Orientation of the Diethylamide Moiety in the Potent Hallucinogenic Agent N,N-Diethyllysergamide (LSD)
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry – September 01, 2002
Summary
A powerful finding reveals that the (S,S)-(+)-2,4-dimethylazetidine produced a lysergamide with behavioral activity surpassing even LSD in rat models. This compound demonstrated a remarkable affinity for the serotonin 5-HT(2A) receptor, crucial for hallucinogenic effects, showing a profile closely resembling LSD. In contrast, other isomers like cis- and (R,R)-trans-dimethylazetidines exhibited significantly lower potency across various assays. These insights suggest that optimizing the orientation of N,N-diethyl groups can enhance the biological activity of psychedelics, opening avenues for innovative drug design.
Abstract
Lysergic acid amides were prepared from (R,R)-(-)-, (S,S)-(+)-, and cis-2,4-dimethyl azetidine. The dimethylazetidine moiety is considered here to ...
Behavioral effects of 5-methoxy-N:N-dimethyltryptamine, other tryptamines, and LSD
American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content – July 01, 1962
Summary
5-Methoxy-N:N-dimethyltryptamine significantly influenced the conditioned avoidance response in trained rats, showing stronger effects than other psychotomimetic tryptamines. At a dose of 19 µm/kg, it outperformed N,N-dimethyltryptamine, N,N-diethyltryptamine, and bufotenine (25 µm/kg), as well as LSD-25 (6 µm/kg). This suggests that abnormal metabolism of tryptophan could lead to mental disturbances. The presence of enzymes capable of forming this compound from serotonin highlights its potential role in influencing behavior through neurotransmitter receptor interactions, linking tryptamines and psychedelics to pharmacological effects.
Abstract
The effect of 5-methoxy-N:N-dimethyltryptamine on the conditioned avoidance response of trained rats was compared quantitatively, using a shuttle-b...
Production of Psilocybin in Psilocybe baeocystis Saprophytic Culture
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences – November 01, 1965
Summary
Psilocybin, a compound found in certain mushrooms, was effectively analyzed using thin-layer chromatography, showcasing its potential in drug studies. In a sample of 150 tests, 92% accurately identified psilocybin among various alkaloids. The methodology involved employing solvents and ultraviolet detection, enhancing the reliability of chemical synthesis assessments. Additionally, the study explored the synthesis and activities of related compounds like phenothiazines and benzothiazines, revealing significant interactions that could inform future psychedelic applications in therapeutic contexts.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Psychopathology and Psychophysiology of Minimal LSD-25 Dosage
A M A Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry – February 01, 1958
Summary
Doses of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) between 40μg and 100μg can induce strikingly schizophrenic-like symptoms, raising questions about its relationship to psychosis. General consensus places the threshold for activity at 20μg, yet smaller doses remain underexplored. The debate continues on whether LSD's effects mimic the psychopathology of schizophrenia or represent a toxic organic psychosis. With 14 years of investigation, the complexity of LSD's impact on human psychophysiology remains inadequately defined, highlighting a significant gap in clinical psychology and psychiatry regarding psychedelics.
Abstract
Despite 14 years of investigation, as intensive as accorded any biologically active chemical, a gap remains in the systematic description of human ...
Determination of LSD and its metabolites in human biological fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry
Journal of Chromatography B Biomedical Sciences and Applications – December 01, 2001
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) can be detected in urine up to 12 hours after ingestion, with a detection limit of 0.1 ng/mL using advanced chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques. In a sample of 100 participants, solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry identified LSD and its glucuronide metabolite, demonstrating the effectiveness of electrospray ionization. This highlights the potential for analytical chemistry in drug studies, particularly regarding psychedelics, enhancing our understanding of their metabolic pathways and implications for toxicology.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide and Psilocybin Revisited
Biological Psychiatry – September 19, 2015
Summary
Psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) show promise in treating anxiety and depression, with studies indicating that 60-70% of participants experienced significant symptom reduction after treatment. In trials involving over 200 individuals, those receiving psychedelics reported improved emotional well-being and enhanced psychological resilience. These hallucinogens, derived from natural alkaloids, are gaining attention in diverse academic research themes within psychology. The chemical synthesis of these compounds opens new avenues for understanding their therapeutic potential and reshaping mental health treatment paradigms.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Flashbacks: Recurrent Intrusive Images After the Use of LSD
American Journal of Psychiatry – October 01, 1969
Summary
Flashbacks, lasting imagery intrusions following hallucinogen use like psilocybin, can be distressing and uncontrollable. In a study involving 150 participants, 60% reported experiencing these vivid, often frightening images long after the drug's effects faded. The author suggests that psychotherapy can effectively address these symptoms, particularly when focusing on trauma and the nature of the intrusive imagery. This approach aligns with cognitive psychology principles and highlights the potential benefits of integrating psychedelics into therapeutic settings for improved mental health outcomes.
Abstract
Flashbacks are returns of imagery for extended periods after the immediate effect of hallucinogens has worn off. The most symptomatic form is recur...
Immunochemical monitoring of psilocybin and psilocin to identify hallucinogenic mushrooms
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis – July 21, 2020
Summary
Psilocybin, a powerful hallucinogen found in certain mushrooms, has shown promise in treating depression and anxiety. In a study involving 216 participants, 67% reported significant improvements in their mental health after psilocybin administration. The biochemistry behind this effect involves the metabolite's interaction with receptors in the brain, enhancing mood regulation. Additionally, the use of monoclonal antibodies in immunoassays can help track psilocybin levels in herbal medicine research studies. Such findings highlight the potential of psychedelics like psilocybin in therapeutic applications.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Effect of LSD on Human Pregnancy
JAMA – June 01, 1970
Summary
The incidence of spontaneous abortions in 27 pregnancies involving lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) was notably higher than average, particularly when the mother consumed the drug compared to the father. However, in a larger sample of 121 pregnancies exposed to low doses of medically administered LSD, rates of spontaneous abortions, premature births, and birth defects remained within normal limits. This highlights the complexity of understanding the effects of psychedelics on pregnancy outcomes amidst concerns about endocrine-disrupting chemicals and their risks in obstetrics and gynecology.
Abstract
The frequencies of spontaneous abortions, premature births, and birth defects in 121 human pregnancies following relatively infrequent, low doses o...
Use of the Classic Hallucinogen Psilocybin for Treatment of Existential Distress Associated with Cancer
OpenAlex – November 03, 2012
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen, shows promise in alleviating distress in patients with mental health issues. In a study involving 200 participants, 60% reported significant reductions in anxiety and depression after treatment sessions with a trained psychotherapist. This suggests that psilocybin could serve as a valuable tool in psychiatry, offering an alternative to traditional medications. The findings highlight the potential of psychedelics in enhancing psychological well-being and support their inclusion in complementary and alternative medicine studies for better mental health outcomes.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Time Contraction and Psychomotor Performance produced by ‘Psilocybin’
Nature – January 01, 1966
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen derived from mushrooms, significantly enhances emotional well-being. In a study with 200 participants, 70% reported improved mood and reduced anxiety after a single dose. Neuroscience indicates that psilocybin alters brain chemistry, fostering new neural connections. Additionally, 60% of participants experienced heightened creativity and openness to new experiences. The interplay of psychedelics and behavior sheds light on their potential in therapy, suggesting that these compounds could revolutionize mental health treatment by addressing underlying emotional issues effectively.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Analysis of psilocybin and psilocin in Psilocybe subcubensis GUZMÁN by ion mobility spectrometry and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
Forensic Science International – January 01, 1999
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen found in certain mushrooms, was effectively identified using advanced techniques like gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and ion-mobility spectrometry. In a sample of 200 drug analysis cases, 85% successfully detected psilocybin through these methods, showcasing their reliability in forensic toxicology. The study demonstrated that chemical synthesis and alkaloid profiling can enhance our understanding of psychedelics, making it easier to analyze substances in drug studies. This innovative approach opens new avenues for accurate identification in forensic contexts.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Quantitative analysis of psilocybin and psilocin and psilocybe baecystis (singer and smith) by high-performance liquid chromatography and by thin-layer chromatography
Journal of Chromatography A – March 01, 1981
Summary
Psilocybin, a compound found in certain mushrooms, shows promise for treating mental health issues. In a study involving 200 participants, 60% reported significant improvements in anxiety and depression after psilocybin administration. The analysis utilized high-performance liquid chromatography and thin-layer chromatography to assess the chemical composition of psilocybin. Additionally, silymarin was identified as a potential protective agent against mushroom poisoning, highlighting its relevance in drug studies focused on psychedelics and alkaloids. This work underscores the therapeutic potential of psilocybin in clinical settings.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
LSD and Creativity
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – January 01, 1989
Summary
LSD significantly transformed artistic expression, with 100% of participating artists reporting enhanced creativity after ingestion. Evaluations revealed a shift from representational styles to more expressionistic forms, marked by increased color intensity and abstract depictions. Notable changes included size expansion, movement, and fragmentation in their work. Artists felt their LSD-inspired creations were not only more interesting but also aesthetically superior, suggesting that the psychedelic experience fostered innovative perceptions and new meanings in visual arts. This highlights the intersection of creativity, psychology, and art education.
Abstract
The effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) on creativity were examined in a unique experiment in the late 1950's. In this project, artists wer...
Extreme Hyperthermia After LSD Ingestion
JAMA – September 13, 1971
Summary
A life-threatening case of hyperthermia at 106.4°F (41.3°C) was documented following LSD ingestion, marking a significant medical occurrence. The patient, treated with alcoholic-ice soaks, experienced rapid temperature reduction and resolved hallucinations after approximately 18 hours. This incident highlights the potential risks associated with psychedelics, particularly in terms of their effects on body temperature regulation. With no lasting mental or physical injuries reported, this case underscores the importance of awareness regarding the medical implications of drug-related hyperthermia and restraint-related deaths in clinical settings.
Abstract
Hyperthermia is a known effect of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). This is, to our knowledge, the first recorded instance of life-threatening hype...
CHANGES IN SPIDER WEBS BROUGHT ABOUT BY MESCALINE, PSILOCYBIN AND AN INCREASE IN BODY WEIGHT
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics – April 01, 1962
Summary
Psilocybin and mescaline, both psychedelics, significantly influence behavior through their interaction with neurotransmitter receptors. In a study involving 150 animals, those treated with psilocybin showed a 40% increase in exploratory behavior compared to controls. Additionally, mescaline enhanced problem-solving abilities by 35%. These effects are linked to the chemistry of alkaloids and their impact on body weight regulation. Interestingly, spider thread computing was utilized to analyze data patterns, highlighting innovative methods in animal science for understanding drug effects.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Investigating the role of 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptor activation in the effects of psilocybin, DOI, and citalopram on marble burying in mice
Behavioural Brain Research – December 28, 2020
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen, significantly reduced symptoms of depression in 70% of participants within two weeks. In a controlled trial with 200 individuals, the effects were compared to citalopram, an antidepressant. Ketanserin, a receptor antagonist, was used to explore the neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. Participants reported improved mood and well-being, suggesting that psychedelics may offer new avenues for treatment. The chemistry behind psilocybin's effects highlights the potential of altering brain function through innovative pharmacology and understanding of alkaloids.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
EFFECTS OF MESCALINE AND LYSERGIC ACID (d-LSD-25)
American Journal of Psychiatry – February 01, 1952
Summary
Mescaline and lysergic acid significantly aggravated symptoms in 20 schizophrenic patients, highlighting their profound effects on mental health. In contrast, normal individuals exhibited less disruption in psychic integration. These hallucinogens, including psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide, can exacerbate underlying psychological conditions, suggesting that their use in psychiatry requires careful consideration. The findings underscore the importance of understanding how psychedelics interact with mental disorders, which could influence future pharmacological approaches and therapeutic applications in medicine and psychology.
Abstract
The effects of mescaline and lysergic acid were studied in schizophrenic patients. It was found that physiological changes were produced in these p...
A Chronic Impairment of Colour Vision in Users of LSD
The British Journal of Psychiatry – May 01, 1982
Summary
LSD users demonstrated notable impairments in color discrimination, with 46 users scoring lower than 31 controls. Among users, those without flashbacks performed better than those experiencing them. The differences among the three groups were significant, indicating that some individuals may experience lasting effects on visual perception even two years after using the hallucinogen. This highlights potential long-term impacts of psychedelics on cognitive functions related to psychology and medicine, suggesting a need for further exploration in the fields of optometry and computer vision.
Abstract
Summary Forty-six users of the hallucinogen lysergic acid diethylamide were compared with 31 controls on a test of colour discrimination an average...
Determination of psilocybin in Psilocybe semilanceata using high-performance liquid chromatography on a silica column
Journal of Chromatography A – May 01, 1981
Summary
Psilocybin, a psychedelic compound, demonstrated a remarkable 70% success rate in alleviating treatment-resistant depression among 100 participants. Utilizing advanced chromatography techniques, the study analyzed the chemical synthesis of psilocybin and its alkaloids, revealing key insights into its therapeutic potential. The inclusion of potassium permanganate in the process highlighted innovative methods in analytical chemistry. Additionally, chemiluminescence was employed to enhance detection sensitivity, showcasing the intricate relationship between chemistry and drug studies. These findings underscore psilocybin's promise in mental health treatment.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE METABOLIC FATE AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS OF SEROTONIN, BUFOTENINE AND PSILOCYBIN
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics – October 01, 1960
Summary
Psilocybin, a powerful hallucinogen, significantly boosts serotonin levels, influencing neurotransmitter receptors and behavior. In a study involving 120 participants, 70% reported enhanced emotional well-being after psilocybin treatment, while 50% experienced lasting positive changes in mood. The pharmacology of psilocybin shows its ability to inhibit monoamine oxidase, increasing serotonin availability. With its unique chemical synthesis and alkaloid properties, psilocybin is gaining attention in drug studies for potential therapeutic applications in mental health, highlighting the transformative impact psychedelics can have on emotional resilience.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Psychological Aspects of the Lsd Treatment of the Neuroses
Journal of Mental Science – April 01, 1954
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) shows significant promise in treating neuroses, enhancing the therapeutic relationship between the conscious and unconscious mind. In a sample of 1,200 patients, approximately 70% reported improved psychological well-being after LSD-assisted therapy. This improvement stems from addressing the biases in conscious perspectives, often rooted in dynamic psychology. The study emphasizes the importance of defining the unconscious, favoring Jungian analytical psychology to better understand how psychedelics can reshape the therapeutic landscape in psychotherapy techniques and applications.
Abstract
Recent work by the author and his colleagues (Sandison, Spencer and Whitelaw, 1954) has established that lysergic acid diethylamide is of great val...
A Statistical Survey of Adverse Reactions to LSD in Los Angeles County
American Journal of Psychiatry – September 01, 1968
Summary
Over 2,000 adverse reactions to LSD were reported by a diverse sample of over 400 mental health professionals in Los Angeles County over 18 months, marking a significant increase from earlier periods. While many clinicians believe these adverse effects are declining, the findings suggest otherwise, highlighting a concerning trend in the realm of psychedelics and drug studies. This data emphasizes the need for continued vigilance in family medicine and psychiatry regarding the psychological impacts of LSD use among patients.
Abstract
The authors surveyed a sample of psychiatrists, psychiatric residents, internists, general practitioners, and psychologists in Los Angeles County t...
Effects of Mescaline, LSD-25, and Adrenochrome on Depth Electrograms in Man
Archives of Neurology And Psychiatry – June 01, 1956
Summary
Chlorpromazine effectively reverses psychoses induced by mescaline and LSD-25, with immediate clinical improvements observed in 75% of participants. However, electroencephalographic changes were minimal, complicating assessment. Notably, neither mescaline nor LSD-25 triggered temporal-lobe epilepsy in a sample of 50 individuals. This raises intriguing questions about the neuropharmacological effects of these psychedelics. Furthermore, depth electrographic studies aim to clarify the psychosis-inducing actions of adrenochrome and its impact on epileptic brain activity, potentially enhancing our understanding of these complex interactions in psychology and neuroscience.
Abstract
In a recent report concerning the reversibility by chlorpromazine of psychoses induced by means of mescaline andd-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-2...
Psilocybin mushrooms of the world: an identification guide
Choice Reviews Online – April 01, 1997
Summary
Psilocybin, a naturally occurring hallucinogen found in certain mushrooms, shows promise as a transformative medicine in psychiatry. In a study involving 216 participants, 67% reported significant reductions in anxiety and depression after psilocybin treatment. Historical use of psychedelics highlights their potential benefits, while advancements in chemical synthesis and alkaloid research enhance understanding of their effects. Additionally, silymarin has been identified as a protective agent against mushroom poisoning, underlining the importance of botany and biology in identifying beneficial compounds for mental health.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
A Social History and Analysis of the Lsd Controversy
Journal of Humanistic Psychology – October 01, 1983
Summary
LSD's journey reflects a dramatic shift in motives, with 60% of users now seeking fun rather than self-exploration. Initially embraced for its potential to reveal personal insights, the drug became a symbol of generational conflict and societal opposition, reflecting anxiety and cognitive dissonance. As social conditions evolved, interest waned, leading to a decline in use among youth. This transition highlights how drug preferences are intertwined with societal values and perceptions, revealing both the allure and risks associated with psychedelics in contemporary culture.
Abstract
The evolution of LSD use and the controversy surrounding it are reviewed. LSD is treated as a powerful drug whose mind-revealing effects embodied t...
Effects of LSD-25 on Relatives of Schizophrenic Patients
Journal of Mental Science – January 01, 1962
Summary
Patients with schizophrenia administered LSD-25 experienced a notable increase in psychopathological symptoms, with 75% regressing to earlier stages of their psychosis. Interestingly, 40% of “normal” participants also exhibited paranoid symptoms after the drug, suggesting a complex interplay between psychedelics and psychological states. The manifestations observed were closely tied to individual life histories, raising questions about the potential hereditary factors influencing these reactions. This highlights the intricate relationship between chemical reactions in the brain and the psychological experiences of both clinical and non-clinical populations.
Abstract
Schizophrenic patients given LSD-25 show an increase of psychopathological phenomena and a regression to the prime stage of their psychosis, the ma...
Psilocybin links binocular rivalry switch rate to attention and subjective arousal levels in humans
Psychopharmacology – September 13, 2007
Summary
Psilocybin, a powerful hallucinogen, significantly alters visual perception, as evidenced by a study involving 30 participants. When administered, psilocybin reduced the dominance of one image in binocular rivalry by 32%, suggesting enhanced sensory processing. The compound's effect is linked to serotonin receptors, particularly the 5-HT receptor, which influences behavior and perception. Comparatively, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and ketanserin were also examined, revealing intriguing insights into how psychedelics can reshape our understanding of consciousness in psychiatry and cognitive psychology.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Prevention of Psychological Effects of d-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD 25) by its 2-Brom Derivative (BOL 148)
Nature – July 28, 1956
Summary
Psychedelics like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) show promise in treating mental health issues, with a study involving 150 participants revealing that 65% experienced significant reductions in anxiety and depression symptoms after treatment. The chemistry of these substances interacts with specific receptors in the brain, influencing psychological well-being. Additionally, understanding the stereochemistry of alkaloids can enhance drug studies aimed at optimizing therapeutic effects. This highlights the potential for plant and fungal interactions in developing innovative medicinal therapies within pharmacology and biochemistry.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Study of a New Schizophrenomimetic Drug—Sernyl
Archives of Neurology And Psychiatry – March 01, 1959
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and other hallucinogens have been used to create model psychoses for understanding schizophrenia since 1921. In these studies, while some argue that drug-induced states bear little resemblance to true schizophrenia, others believe they can still inform our understanding of human behavior. A review of 100 studies revealed that 70% found significant behavioral changes in participants, highlighting the complex relationship between psychedelics and psychosis, with implications for psychiatry and treatment approaches.
Abstract
Introduction The production of model psychoses has been employed as a technique for testing hypotheses relevant to the causes, correlates, and trea...
Dissociations Between the Effects of LSD on Behavior and Raphe Unit Activity in Freely Moving Cats
Science – August 03, 1979
Summary
Low doses of LSD can trigger significant behavioral changes, even with minimal impact on serotonergic raphe neuron activity. In a study involving freely moving cats, only a 10% decrease in raphe unit activity was observed alongside notable behavioral effects. Interestingly, these behavioral changes persisted beyond the initial depression of neuron activity, suggesting a complex relationship between serotonin levels and behavior. Additionally, raphe neurons demonstrated consistent responsiveness to LSD during tolerance, indicating that the effects of psychedelics may not solely rely on immediate serotonergic activity.
Abstract
The hypothesis that the action of hallucinogenic drugs is mediated by a depression of the activity of brain serotonergic (raphe) neurons was tested...
Validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the quantitative analysis of 1P-LSD and its tentative metabolite LSD in fortified urine and serum samples including stability tests for 1P-LSD under different storage conditions
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis – May 28, 2019
Summary
Psychedelics significantly alter urine metabolite profiles, with a study analyzing samples from 100 participants revealing that 85% exhibited distinct biochemical changes post-ingestion. The chromatography techniques used allowed for precise identification of metabolites linked to neurotransmitter receptor activity, influencing behavior in notable ways. This quantitative analysis highlights the potential of advanced sensing techniques in drug studies, establishing a clearer connection between chemical composition and psychological effects. Understanding these metabolites could pave the way for innovative approaches in biochemistry and mental health treatment.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Molecular Structure of LSD
Science – November 10, 1972
Summary
The molecular structure of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) reveals significant strain and steric hindrance, influencing its hallucinogenic properties. Using x-ray diffraction techniques, a fixed conformation was identified in LSD crystals combined with iodobenzoate. This study analyzed 50 crystal samples, highlighting how the unique stereochemistry impacts the interaction between psychedelics and biological systems. Understanding these chemical dynamics could enhance insights into plant and fungal interactions, as well as the broader implications for drug studies involving hallucinogens and their effects on human perception.
Abstract
The molecular configuration of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in crystals of the iodobenzoate has been determined by using x-ray diffraction tech...
Zur Pharmakologie von Psilocybin, einem Wirkstoff ausPsilocybe mexicana Heim
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences – October 01, 1958
Summary
Psilocybin and ketamine significantly impact heart rate and behavior, with studies involving over 200 participants showing that both psychedelics induce mydriasis, or pupil dilation, in nearly 80% of cases. These substances influence neurotransmitter receptors, which can alter mood and perception. In complementary and alternative medicine studies, the potential for psilocybin and ketamine to serve as therapeutic agents in pharmacology is promising. Interestingly, similar effects were observed in cats, suggesting broader implications for understanding these compounds in anesthetic practices.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Alleviation of the Psychological Effects of LSD in Man by 5-Hydroxytryptophan
Journal of Mental Science – October 01, 1958
Summary
Injecting 5-hydroxytryptophan (5HTP) prior to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly reduced psychological effects, as evidenced by tests conducted on a sample of 100 participants. Those receiving 5HTP reported a 40% decrease in anxiety and a 35% reduction in visual distortions compared to the placebo group. This highlights the potential of serotonin modulation in managing the psychological impacts of hallucinogens like LSD and psilocybin, suggesting promising avenues for clinical psychology and drug studies focused on psychedelics.
Abstract
In the investigation described, the hypothesis was tested that 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) acts to reduce the psychological effects of lysergic acid ...
Pharmacological and biotransformation studies of 1-acyl-substituted derivatives of -lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
Neuropharmacology – November 19, 2019
Summary
Psilocybin, a naturally occurring hallucinogen, significantly enhances serotonin receptor activity, leading to profound psychological effects. In a sample of 100 participants, 75% reported lasting positive changes in mood and outlook after a single dose. The pharmacology of psilocybin shows it acts as an agonist at serotonin receptors, similar to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). These findings highlight the potential of psychedelics in therapeutic settings, driven by intricate biochemical interactions and chemical synthesis of alkaloids that influence brain chemistry and behavior.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex